PRINCIPLES OF NEUROLOGY - PART 1 docx

[...]... Schwarzenberg, 19 93 Osborn AG: Diagnositic Neuroradiology St Louis, Mosby/Year Book, 19 94 This page intentionally left blank 4777 Victor Ch 3 pp2 1- 3 1 PART II 6 /11 / 01 1: 51 PM Page 21 CARDINAL MANIFESTATIONS OF NEUROLOGIC DISEASE Copyright 19 98 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Click Here for Terms of Use This page intentionally left blank 4777 Victor Ch 3 pp2 1- 3 1 6 /11 / 01 1: 51 PM Page 23 SECTION I DISORDERS OF. .. frequencies of 1 to 20 per second), and induced drowsiness or sleep Examples of the normal EEG and of EEGs showing seizure discharges, both focal and generalized, hepatic coma with confusion, and brain death are presented in Fig 2 -1 EEGs in the different stages of sleep are described in Chap 19 4777 VICTOR CH2 p1 0-2 0 14 6 /11 / 01 1:50 PM Page 14 PART I / APPROACH TO THE PATIENT WITH NEUROLOGIC DISEASE FIG 2 -1 ... problem at hand The style of the smaller edition is intentionally elliptic, to expose the most facts with the fewest words We hope that the reader will accept it with these restrictions in mind 4777 VICTOR COMP FM 6 /11 / 01 1:49 PM Page xi PRINCIPLES OF NEUROLOGY Sixth Edition Companion Handbook This page intentionally left blank 4777 VICTOR CH1 p 1- 9 PART I 6 /11 / 01 1:50 PM Page 1 APPROACH TO THE PATIENT... neurologic 4777 VICTOR CH1 p 1- 9 6 /11 / 01 1:50 PM Page 9 CHAPTER 1 / CASE STUDY IN NEUROLOGY 9 diagnosis are traceable to (1) inaccurate history, (2) lack of familiarity with the almost countless diseases of the nervous system, (3) the occurrence of unusual variants of well-known diseases, and (4) the misinterpretation of minor and insignificant normal phenomena as symptoms and signs of serious diseases For... study of seizures and toxic and metabolic disturbances The following laboratory procedures have application to a diversity of neurologic diseases Procedures that are pertinent to a particular disease or category of diseases are discussed in the chapters dealing with those diseases 10 Copyright 19 98 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Click Here for Terms of Use 4777 VICTOR CH2 p1 0-2 0 6 /11 / 01 1:50 PM Page 11 ... in the diagnosis of neurologic disease III IV Page 4 FIG 1- 1 II 1: 50 PM (Anatomic diagnosis) Ά Anatomic diagnosis ѿ Mode of onset and course ѿ Other medical data ѿ Appropriate lab tests 6 /11 / 01 By neurologic examination Syndromic formulation and localization of the lesion 4777 VICTOR CH1 p 1- 9 4 By history Elicitation of clinical facts Interpretation of symptoms and signs in terms of physiology and... periph- 4777 VICTOR CH2 p1 0-2 0 6 /11 / 01 1:50 PM Page 15 CHAPTER 2 / SPECIAL TECHNIQUES FOR NEUROLOGIC DIAGNOSIS 15 FIG 2 -1 (continued) D EEG of patient with focal motor seizures of the left side Note focal spike discharge in right frontal region (channels 1 3) The activity from the left hemisphere (not shown here) was relatively normal E Petit mal (absence) epilepsy, showing generalized 3-per-second... NEUROLOGIC DISEASE Copyright 19 98 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Click Here for Terms of Use This page intentionally left blank 4777 VICTOR CH1 p 1- 9 1 6 /11 / 01 1:50 PM Page 3 Case Study in Neurology Diagnosis of a disorder of the nervous system, like that of any other organ system, begins with a detailed history and a careful examination, appropriate to the problem at hand The symptoms of nervous system disease... samples for O2, CO2, glucose, BUN, NH3, Na, K, Mg, Ca, thyroxin, B12, cortisol, amino acids, and a wide variety of toxins For a more detailed discussion of this topic, see Adams, Victor, and Ropper: Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp 12 –40 4777 VICTOR CH2 p1 0-2 0 6 /11 / 01 1:50 PM Page 19 CHAPTER 2 / SPECIAL TECHNIQUES FOR NEUROLOGIC DIAGNOSIS 19 ADDITIONAL READING Bigner SH: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology:... Boston, Blackwell, 19 93 Holmes G: Introduction to Clinical Neurology, 3rd ed Revised by Bryan Matthews Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 19 68 Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation: Clinical Examinations in Neurology, 6th ed St Louis, Mosby/Year Book, 19 91 Ross RT: How to Examine the Nervous System, 2nd ed New York, Medical Examination, 19 85 4777 VICTOR CH2 p1 0-2 0 2 6 /11 / 01 1:50 PM Page 10 Special Techniques . DISEASE PART I 4777 VICTOR CH1 p 1- 9 6 /11 / 01 1:50 PM Page 1 Copyright 19 98 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Click Here for Terms of Use. This page intentionally left blank. 1 Case Study in Neurology Diagnosis. of neurology is the evident effectiveness and logic of the clini- cal method in the diagnosis of hundreds of diseases. 3 4777 VICTOR CH1 p 1- 9 6 /11 / 01 1:50 PM Page 3 Copyright 19 98 The McGraw-Hill. Sensation 75 10 Headache and Other Craniofacial Pains 88 11 Pain in the Back, Neck, and Extremities 10 0 Section III DISORDERS OF THE SPECIAL SENSES 11 0 12 Disorders of Smell and Taste 11 0 13 Common