Tài liệu hạn chế xem trước, để xem đầy đủ mời bạn chọn Tải xuống
1
/ 944 trang
THÔNG TIN TÀI LIỆU
Cấu trúc
Table of Contents
Preface
Organization of This Book
Other Resources
Online Documentation
Websites
Linux Journal and Linux Magazine
Usenet Newsgroups
Online Linux Support
Linux User Groups
Using Code Examples
Conventions
How to Contact Us
Safari® Books Online
Acknowledgments
Introduction
The Excitement of Linux
Distribution and Support
Commands on Linux
What This Book Offers
Sources and Licenses
Beginner’s Guide
Communication
Comparisons
File Management
Media
Printing
Programming
Program Maintenance
Searching
Shell Programming
Storage
System Status
Text Processing
Miscellaneous
System and Network Administration Overview
Common Commands
Clocks
Daemons
Hardware
Host Information
Installation
Mail
Managing Filesystems
Managing the Kernel
Networking
Printing
Security and System Integrity
Starting and Stopping the System
System Activity and Process Management
Users
Miscellaneous
Overview of Networking
TCP/IP Administration
NFS and NIS Administration
Overview of TCP/IP
IP Addresses
Gateways and Routing
Gateway protocols
Routing daemons
Routing tables
Name Service
DNS and BIND
Domain names
Configuring TCP/IP
Network interfaces
Serial-line communication
Troubleshooting TCP/IP
Overview of Firewalls and Masquerading
Overview of NFS
Administering NFS
Daemons
Exporting Filesystems
Mounting Filesystems
Overview of NIS
Servers
Domains
NIS Maps
Map Manipulation Utilities
Administering NIS
Setting Up an NIS Server
Setting Up an NIS Client
NIS User Accounts
RPC and XDR
Linux Commands
Alphabetical Summary of Commands
accept
access
aclocal
aconnect
acpi
acpid
addr2line
agetty
alsactl
alsamixer
amidi
amixer
anacron
aplay
aplaymidi
apmd
apropos
apt
ar
arch
arecord
arecordmidi
arp
as
at
atd
atq
atrm
autoconf
autoheader
automake
autoreconf
autoscan
autoupdate
badblocks
base64
basename
bash
batch
bc
bison
bzcmp
bzdiff
bzgrep
bzip2
bzless
bzmore
c++
c++filt
cal
cat
cc
cdda2wav
cdparanoia
cdrdao
cdrecord
cfdisk
chage
chattr
chfn
chgrp
chkconfig
chmod
chown
chpasswd
chroot
chrt
chsh
chvt
cksum
clear
cmp
col
colcrt
colrm
column
comm
cp
cpio
cpp
crond
crontab
csplit
ctags
cupsd
cut
date
dd
deallocvt
debugfs
depmod
devdump
df
diff
diff3
dig
dir
dircolors
dirname
dmesg
doexec
domainname
dosfsck
du
dump
dumpe2fs
dumpiso
dumpkeys
dvdrecord
e2fsck
e2image
e2label
echo
edquota
egrep
eject
elvtune
emacs
enable
env
envsubst
etags
ex
expand
expr
factor
false
fc-cache
fc-list
fdisk
fgconsole
fgrep
file
find
flex
fmt
fold
formail
free
fsck
ftp
ftpd
fuser
g++
gawk
gcc
gdb
genisoimage
getent
getkeycodes
gpasswd
gpg
gpgsplit
gpgv
gpm
gprof
grep
groff
groupadd
groupdel
groupmod
groups
grpck
grpconv
gs
gunzip
gzexe
gzip
halt
hdparm
head
hexdump
host
hostid
hostname
htdigest
hunspell
hwclock
icedax
iconv
id
ifconfig
imapd
inetd
info
init
initctl
insmod
install
ionice
ip
ipcrm
ipcs
iptables
iptables-restore
iptables-save
isodump
isoinfo
isosize
isovfy
ispell
join
kbd_mode
kbdrate
kill
killall
klogd
last
lastb
lastlog
ld
ldconfig
ldd
less
lesskey
lftp
lftpget
link
ln
loadkeys
locale
locate
lockfile
logger
login
logrotate
look
losetup
lpadmin
lpinfo
lpmove
lpq
lpr
lprm
lpstat
ls
lsattr
lspci
lsmod
lsusb
m4
mail
mailq
mailstats
mailx
make
makedbm
makemap
man
manpath
md5sum
merge
mesg
mkdir
mkdosfs
mke2fs
mkfifo
mkfs
mkfs.ext3
mkisofs
mklost+found
mknod
mkswap
mktemp
modinfo
modprobe
more
mount
mountd
mt
mv
named
namei
nameif
nc
netstat
newaliases
newgrp
newusers
nfsd
nfsstat
nice
nm
nohup
nslookup
nsupdate
objcopy
objdump
od
openvt
passwd
paste
patch
pathchk
pccardctl
pidof
ping
pmap
portmap
poweroff
pppd
pr
praliases
printenv
printf
ps
ptx
pwck
pwconv
pwd
quota
quotacheck
quotaon
quotaoff
quotastats
ranlib
rcp
rdate
rdist
rdistd
readcd
readelf
readlink
readom
reboot
reject
rename
renice
repquota
reset
resize2fs
restore
rev
rexec
rexecd
rlogin
rlogind
rm
rmail
rmdir
rmmod
rndc
route
rpcbind
rpcgen
rpcinfo
rpm
rsh
rshd
rsync
rsyslogd
runlevel
sane-find- scanner
scanimage
scp
screen
script
sdiff
sed
sendmail
sensors
seq
setkeycodes
setleds
setmetamode
setquota
setsid
setterm
sftp
sh
sha1sum
showkey
showmount
shred
shutdown
size
slabtop
slattach
sleep
sort
split
ssh
ssh-add
ssh-agent
ssh-keygen
ssh-keyscan
sshd
stat
statd
strace
strings
strip
stty
su
sudo
sum
swapoff
swapon
sync
sysctl
sysklogd
syslogd
tac
tail
tailf
talk
tar
taskset
tcpdump
tcpslice
tee
telinit
telnet
telnetd
test
time
tload
tmpwatch
top
touch
tr
tracepath
traceroute
troff
true
tset
tsort
tty
tune2fs
tunelp
ul
umount
uname
unexpand
unicode_start
unicode_stop
uniq
unlink
uptime
useradd
userdel
usermod
users
usleep
uuidgen
vdir
vi
vidmode
vim
vmstat
volname
w
wall
warnquota
watch
wc
wget
whatis
whereis
which
who
whoami
whois
wodim
write
xargs
xinetd
yacc
yes
ypbind
ypcat
ypinit
ypmatch
yppasswd
yppasswdd
yppoll
yppush
ypserv
ypset
yptest
ypwhich
ypxfr
ypxfrd
zcat
zcmp
zdiff
zforce
zgrep
zless
zmore
znew
Boot Methods
The Boot Process
LILO: The Linux Loader
The LILO Configuration File
Global options
Image options
Kernel options
The lilo Command
lilo Command Options
LILO Boot Errors
GRUB: The Grand Unified Bootloader
Installing GRUB
Creating a GRUB boot CD
Creating a GRUB boot floppy
Using grub-install
Installing from the GRUB command line
The GRUB Configuration File
Using the Menu Interface
The GRUB Shell
GRUB Commands
Command-Line and Global Menu Commands
bootp
color
device
dhcp
hide
ifconfig
pager
partnew
parttype
password
rarp
serial
setkey
splashimage
terminal
tftpserver
unhide
Command-Line and Menu-Entry Commands
blocklist
boot
cat
chainloader
cmp
configfile
debug
displayapm
displaymem
dump
embed
find
fstest
geometry
halt
help
impsprobe
initrd
install
ioprobe
kernel
lock
makeactive
map
md5crypt
module
modulenounzip
pause
quit
read
reboot
root
rootnoverify
savedefault
setup
testload
testvbe
uppermem
vbeprobe
Dual-Booting Linux and Windows 2000/XP/Vista
Boot-Time Kernel Options
initrd: Using a RAM Disk
Package Management
Yum: Yellowdog Updater Modified
The yum Command
General options
yum Command Summary
check-update
clean
deplist
groupinfo
groupinstall
grouplist
groupremove
help
info
install
list
localinstall
localupdate
makecache
provides
reinstall
remove
repolist
resolvedep
search
shell
update
upgrade
Plugins and yum-utils
The Red Hat Package Manager
RPM Package Concepts
The rpm Command
General options
Install, upgrade, and freshen options
Query options
Package-selection options
Package-query options
Uninstall options
Verify options
Database rebuild options
Signature-check options
Miscellaneous options
FTP/HTTP options
RPM Examples
The rpmbuild Command
rpmbuild options
The Debian Package Manager
Files
Package Priorities
Package and Selection States
Package Flags
Scripts
Debian Package Manager Command Summary
apt-cache
apt-cdrom
apt-config
apt- extracttemplates
apt-ftparchive
apt-get
apt-sortpkgs
aptitude
dpkg
dpkg-deb
dpkg-query
dpkg-split
dselect
synaptic
The Bash Shell
Overview of Features
Invoking the Shell
Options
Arguments
Syntax
Special Files
Filename Metacharacters
Examples
Quoting
Examples
Command Forms
Examples
Redirection Forms
Simple redirection
Redirection using file descriptors
Multiple redirection
Examples
Coprocesses
Functions
Variables
Variable Substitution
Examples
Built-in Shell Variables
Other Shell Variables
Arrays
Special Prompt Strings
Arithmetic Expressions
Operators
Examples
Command History
Line-Edit Mode
Common editing keystrokes
The fc Command
Examples
Programmable Completion
Examples
Job Control
Command Execution
Restricted Shells
Built-in Commands
!
#
#!shell
:
.
[[ ]]
alias
bg
bind
break
builtin
caller
case
cd
command
compgen
complete
continue
declare
dirs
disown
do
done
echo
enable
esac
eval
exec
exit
export
false
fc
fg
fi
for
for
function
getopts
hash
help
history
if
jobs
kill
let
local
logout
mapfile
name ()
popd
printf
pushd
pwd
read
readonly
return
select
set
shift
shopt
source
suspend
test
time
times
trap
true
type
ulimit
umask
unalias
unset
until
wait
while
Pattern Matching
Filenames Versus Patterns
Metacharacters
Search Patterns
Replacement Patterns
Metacharacters, Listed by Program
Examples of Searching
Examples of Searching and Replacing
The Emacs Editor
Conceptual Overview
Modes
Buffer and Window
Point and Mark
Kill and Yank
Notes on the Tables
Absolutely Essential Commands
Command-Line Syntax
Summary of Commands by Group
File-Handling Commands
Cursor-Movement Commands
Deletion Commands
Paragraphs and Regions
Stopping and Undoing Commands
Transposition Commands
Search Commands
Capitalization Commands
Word-Abbreviation Commands
Buffer-Manipulation Commands
Window Commands
Special Shell Characters
Indentation Commands
Centering Commands
Macro Commands
Detail Information Help Commands
Help Commands
Summary of Commands by Key
Control-Key Sequences
Meta-Key Sequences
Summary of Commands by Name
The vi, ex, and vim Editors
Conceptual Overview
Command-Line Syntax
Command-Line Options
Review of vi Operations
Command Mode
Insert Mode
Syntax of vi Commands
Examples
Visual mode (vim only)
Status-Line Commands
vi Commands
Movement Commands
Character
Text
Lines
Screens
Searches
Line numbering
Marks
Insert Commands
Edit Commands
Changing and deleting text
Copying and moving
Saving and Exiting
Accessing Multiple Files
Window Commands
Interacting with the System
Macros
Miscellaneous Commands
vi Configuration
The :set Command
Options Used by :set
Sample .exrc File
ex Basics
Syntax of ex Commands
Addresses
Address Symbols
Options
Alphabetical Summary of ex Commands
abbreviate
append
args
bdelete
buffer
buffers
cd
center
change
close
copy
delete
edit
file
fold
foldclose
foldopen
global
hide
insert
join
jumps
k
left
list
map
mark
marks
mkexrc
move
new
next
nohlsearch
number
only
open
preserve
previous
print
put
qall
quit
read
read
recover
redo
resize
rewind
right
sbnext
sbuffer
set
shell
snext
source
split
sprevious
stop
substitute
suspend
sview
t
tag
tags
unabbreviate
undo
unhide
unmap
v
version
view
visual
visual
vsplit
wall
wnext
write
write
wq
wqall
X
xit
yank
z
!
=
< >
address
Enter
@
&
~
The sed Editor
Conceptual Overview
Typical Uses of sed
sed Operation
Command-Line Syntax
Standard Options
GNU sed Options
Syntax of sed Commands
Pattern Addressing
Pattern Addressing Examples
GNU sed Regular Expression Extensions
Group Summary of sed Commands
Basic Editing
Line Information
Input/Output Processing
Yanking and Putting
Branching Commands
Multiline Input Processing
Alphabetical Summary of sed Commands
#
:
=
a
b
c
d
D
e
g
G
h
H
i
l
n
N
p
P
q
Q
r
R
s
t
T
v
w
W
x
y
The gawk Programming Language
Conceptual Overview
Command-Line Syntax
Standard Options
Important gawk Options
Patterns and Procedures
Patterns
Procedures
Simple Pattern-Procedure Examples
Built-in Variables
Operators
Variable and Array Assignment
Escape sequences
Octal and Hexadecimal Constants in gawk
User-Defined Functions
gawk-Specific Features
Coprocesses and Sockets
Profiling
File Inclusion
Internationalization
Implementation Limits
Group Listing of awk Functions and Commands
Alphabetical Summary of awk Functions and Commands
#
and
asort
asorti
atan2
bindtextdomain
break
close
compl
continue
cos
dcgettext
dcngettext
delete
do
exit
exp
extension
fflush
for
for
function
gensub
getline
gsub
if
index
int
length
log
lshift
match
mktime
next
nextfile
or
print
printf
rand
return
rshift
sin
split
sprintf
sqrt
srand
strftime
strtonum
sub
substr
system
systime
tolower
toupper
while
xor
Output Redirections
printf Formats
Source Code Management: AnOverview
Introduction and Terminology
Usage Models
Source Code Management Systems
Other Source Code Management Systems
The Subversion Version Control System
Conceptual Overview
Basic Version-Control Operations
Key Features
Special File Properties
Valid subversion keywords
Obtaining Subversion
Using Subversion: A Quick Tour
The Subversion Command Line Client: svn
Common svn Options
svn Subcommands
add
blame
cat
changelist
checkout
cleanup
commit
copy
delete
diff
export
help
import
info
list
lock
log
merge
mergeinfo
mkdir
move
propdel
propedit
propget
proplist
propset
resolve
resolved
revert
status
switch
unlock
update
Repository Administration: svnadmin
Common svnadmin Options
Common svnadmin Subcommands
create
deltify
dump
help
hotcopy
list-dblogs
list-unused- dblogs
load
lslocks
lstxns
recover
rmlocks
rmtxns
setlog
setrevprop
setuuid
verify
Examining the Repository: svnlook
svnlook Options
svnlook Subcommands
author
cat
changed
date
diff
dirs-changed
help
history
info
lock
log
propget
proplist
tree
uuid
youngest
Providing Remote Access: svnserve
svnserve Options
The Git Version Control System
Conceptual Overview
Git Repository Format
Referring to Commits
Using Git: A Quick Tour
Before You Start
Example: The Linux Kernel Repository
Creating and Sharing a New Repository
The Git Command Line Client: git
The git Command
Accessing Git’s Online Help
git Subcommands
add
archive
bisect
branch
checkout
cherry-pick
clean
clone
commit
config
diff
fetch
gc
gitk
grep
init
log
merge
mv
pull
push
rebase
reflog
remote
reset
revert
rm
stash
status
tag
Virtualization Command-LineTools
Conceptual Overview
System Requirements
Virtualization Technology
Network Concepts
libvirt Tools and Terminology
Basic Virtualization Operations
Creating Virtual Systems
Examples
Managing Virtual Systems
Graphic and Console Interfaces
Configuring Networks
MAC Addresses
Making Changes to Virtual Machines
Creating and Manipulating Disk Image Files
Xen
Paravirtualization and Architecture
Xen Networking
Xen Commands
xm
xentop
KVM
QEMU
Ubuntu Builder Scripts
libvirt and Red Hat Virtual Machine Manager
XML Configuration Files
Connection URIs
Connection URI Examples
Remote GUI control
IP Forwarding and libvirt Networking
libvirt and Virtual Machine Manager Commands
virsh
virt-clone
virt-image
virt-install
virt-viewer
virt-manager
VMware ESX 3.5
ESX Management Client
Virtual Center
VMware Networking
Shared Disks
Snapshots
VMware Tools
ESX Server Commands
esxcfg-firewall
esxcfg-vswif
esxcfg-vswitch
esxcfg-nics
esxtop
vmware-cmd
vmkfstools
Index
Nội dung
[...]... http://linuxsecurity.com Linux Security, a collection of security-related news http://linuxinsider.com Linux Insider, a news feed http://linuxtoday.com Linux Today, another news feed http://slashdot.org Slashdot, a famous discussion list Preface | xvii Linux Journal and Linux Magazine Linux Journal and Linux Magazine are monthly magazines for the Linux community, written and published by a number of Linux. .. Tables Absolutely Essential Commands Command-Line Syntax Summary of Commands by Group File-Handling Commands Cursor-Movement Commands Deletion Commands Paragraphs and Regions Stopping and Undoing Commands Transposition Commands Search Commands Capitalization Commands Word-Abbreviation Commands Buffer-Manipulation Commands Window Commands Special Shell Characters Indentation Commands Centering Commands... Linux activists These magazines are two of the oldest among many monthly print and online magazines devoted to Linux With both print editions and websites, they offer articles ranging from questions and answers for novices to kernel programming internals Linux Journal, at http://www linuxjournal.com, is the older magazine Linux Magazine is at http://www .linux- mag com Usenet Newsgroups Most people can... important commands and utilities available on Linux systems Chapter 1, Introduction, explains Linux s strengths and the key aspects of working with Linux, and lays out the scope of this book Chapter 2, System and Network Administration Overview, introduces TCP/IP networking and the Linux commands used for system administration and network management Chapter 3, Linux Commands, is the core of the book, a. .. listing of hundreds of the most important shell commands available on Linux Chapter 4, Boot Methods, covers the commands used to control booting on Linux, particularly LILO and GRUB Chapter 5, Package Management, explains the apt series of commands that manage updating and installation on Debian, and the RPM system and yum used by Red Hat/Fedora, Novell/SUSE, and several other distributions of Linux. .. to separate items for which only one alternative may be chosen at a time Preface This icon indicates a note, which is an important aside to its nearby text This icon indicates a warning A final word about syntax In many cases, the space between an option and its argument can be omitted In other cases, the spacing (or lack of spacing) must be followed strictly For example, -wn (no intervening space) might... chapters in the O’Reilly books Learning Red Hat Enterprise Linux and Fedora, by Bill McCarty, and Running Linux, mentioned previously, can get you started) This chapter and Chapter 2 offer a context for understanding different kinds of commands (including commands for programming, system administration, and network administration) Chapter 3 is the central focus of the book, containing about one half... package-management tools that simplify package management and automatically resolve dependencies These tools include yum for rpm-based systems and aptitude and synaptic for Debian-based systems Package managers are useful for installing and updating software; they make sure you have all the files you need in the proper versions All commands are interpreted by the shell The shell is simply a program... buck and the ease of deploying other powerful tools on Linux, such as Apache, Samba, and Java environments They also cite Linux s ability to grow and sprout new features of interest to large numbers of users But these advantages can be traced back to the concept of software freedom, which is the root of the broad wave of innovation driving Linux As free software, Linux revives the grand creativity and... string at the beginning of lines Search binary files for text patterns Update the locate database Find command Print pathname of a command Command basename echo envsubst expr mktemp printf sleep test Introduction Shell Programming Action Remove leading directory components from a path Repeat command-line arguments on the output Substitute the value of environment variables into strings Perform arithmetic . feed http://linuxtoday.com Linux Today, another news feed http://slashdot.org Slashdot, a famous discussion list xviii | Preface Linux Journal and Linux Magazine Linux Journal and Linux Magazine are. GRUB. Chapter 5, Package Management, explains the apt series of commands that manage updating and installation on Debian, and the RPM system and yum used by Red Hat/Fedora, Novell/SUSE, and several. covers all aspects of administering and making effective use of Linux systems. Among its topics are booting, package management, and revision control. But foremost in Linux in a Nutshell are the