Handbook Of Shaft Alignment Episode 1 Part 4 ppsx

. The 2Â,4Â, and 6Â peaks prevailed in the pump bearings. . Higher multiples of running speed occurred on the pump from 40 to 100 kcpm particularly during the vertical misalignment runs. . The twice, fourth, and eighth running speed frequencies are a result of the S-shaped grid as it traverses from its maximum tilted and pivoted positions twice each revolution on both the coupling hubs. The third and sixth running speed multiples occur as the metal grid in the coupling changes its position during each revolution of the shafts. The Test run #2 M2W Test run #4 M36W Test run #5 M65H Test run #6 M55L Test run #7 M6W 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12 ϫ .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) FIGURE 2.23 Inboard MOTOR, vertical direction. Piotrowski / Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition DK4322_C002 Final Proof page 60 6.10.2006 5:21pm 60 Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition Test run #2 M2W Test run #3 M21W Test run #4 M36W Test run #5 M65H Test run #6 M55L Test run #7 M6W 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) .01 .02 .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) Frequency (orders of running speed) 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12 ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ .01 .02 Inches per second FIGURE 2.24 Inboard MOTOR, axial direction. Piotrowski / Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition DK4322_C002 Final Proof page 61 6.10.2006 5:21pm Detecting Misalignment on Rotating Machinery 61 maximum amount of rotational force occurs when the grid is in the tilted position where bending occurs across the thickness of the grid member. . The seven times running speed peak that occurred in the horizontal direction on the inboard motor bearing during the M55L run and the five times running speed peak that occurred in the axial direction on the pump are, as yet, not completely understood as to the source of the forcing mechanism involved. The higher multiples appear to be caused by overloading the antifriction bearings. Test run #2 M2W Test run #4 M36W Test run #5 M65H Test run #6 M55L Test run #7 M6W 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) Frequency (orders of running speed) 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12 ϫ .01 .02 Inches per second FIGURE 2.25 Inboard PUMP, horizontal direction. Piotrowski / Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition DK4322_C002 Final Proof page 62 6.10.2006 5:21pm 62 Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition 2.2.8 BEFORE AND AFTER VIBRATION RESULTS FOUND ON A MISALIGNED MOTOR AND PUMP This case history shows actual alignment and vibration data from a drive system that had been operating under a misalignment condition. Vibration information was collected before shutdown and realignment, the unit was then aligned properly, started back up, and vibration Test run #2 M2W Test run #4 M36W Test run #5 M65H Test run #6 M55L Test run #7 M6W 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12 ϫ .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) Frequency (orders of running speed) .01 .02 Inches per second FIGURE 2.26 Inboard PUMP, vertical direction. Piotrowski / Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition DK4322_C002 Final Proof page 63 6.10.2006 5:21pm Detecting Misalignment on Rotating Machinery 63 Test run #2 M2W Test run #3 M21W Test run #4 M36W Test run #5 M65H Test run #6 M55L Test run #7 M6W 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3 ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) .01 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) .01 .02 .01 .02 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) FIGURE 2.27 Inboard PUMP, axial direction. Piotrowski / Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition DK4322_C002 Final Proof page 64 6.10.2006 5:21pm 64 Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition data taken again. Figure 2.30 shows the as-found and final alignment-data. Figure 2.31 shows the before and after radial vibration spectral data on the motor. Figure 2.32 shows the before and after radial vibration spectral data on the pump. Figure 2.33 shows the before and after axial vibration spectral data on both the motor and the pump. Notice that the radial and axial vibrations on the motor increased and the vibration on the pump decreased after the misalignment was corrected. Test run #2 M2W Test run #4 M36W Test run #5 M65H Test run #6 M55L Test run #7 M6W 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) FIGURE 2.28 Outboard PUMP, horizontal direction. Piotrowski / Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition DK4322_C002 Final Proof page 65 6.10.2006 5:21pm Detecting Misalignment on Rotating Machinery 65 2.2.9 WHY VIBRATION LEVELS OFTEN DECREASE WITH INCREASING MISALIGNMENT As illustrated in Figure 2.2, rotating machinery shafts are exposed to two types of forces. Static forces that act in one direction and dynamic forces that change their direction. Static forces are also called preloads. Preloads on shafts and bearings are caused from many of the following sources: Test run #2 M2W Test run #4 M36W Test run #5 M65H Test run #6 M55L Test run #7 M6W 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ 1ϫ 2ϫ 3 ϫ 4ϫ 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10ϫ 11ϫ 12ϫ .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) .01 .02 Inches per second Frequency (orders of running speed) FIGURE 2.29 Outboard PUMP, vertical direction. Piotrowski / Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition DK4322_C002 Final Proof page 66 6.10.2006 5:21pm 66 Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition Drive train dimensions Deionized water distribution pump 2 Alignment summary Motor 10 6.5 5 7 7.5 in.in.in.in.in. As found Reverse indicator readings Pump to motor Motor to pump 0 T T S S B B N N T s B 0 2 0 N T s B N 3 29 24 −65 Motor 20 mils 1 in Motor 10 mils Motor Pump Pump Top view Motor Pump north Shim changes at foundation boltsShim changes at foundation bolts Motor Motor Move outboard foot 45 mils down Pump 1 in Side view Pump Pump −4 −2 −1 3 0 Pump to motor Motor to pump 53 0 −68 Reverse indicator readings Final Pump up Side view up Top view north 20 1 inmils 10 1in mils Lateral (sideways) changes at foundation bolts Lateral (sideways) changes at foundation bolts Motor Motor Move outboard foot 22 mils north Move outboard foot 144 mils north Move outboard foot 78 mils north Move outboard foot 11 mils north Alignment tolerance guidelinesAlignment tolerance guidelines Misalignment is the deviation of relative shaft position from a colinear axis of rotation, measures at the points of power transmissin when equipment is running at normal operating conditions. Misalignment is the deviation of relative shaft position from a colinear axis of rotation, measures at the points of power transmissin when equipment is running at normal operating conditions. 2.0 .063 .056 .050 .044 .038 .031 .025 .019 Angle ( in degrees) Angle ( in degrees) .013 .006 .063 .056 .050 .044 .038 .031 .025 .019 .013 .006 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 Maximum devation at either point of power transmission (mils/in.) Maximum devation at either point of power transmission (mils/in.) 0.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 246 810 Speed (rpm ϫ 1000) The maximum alignment devation is .7 mils/in. at the motor in the lateral direction The maximum alignment devation is .7 mils/in. at the motor in the lateral direction 20 30 Pump Pump Move inboard foor 37 mils down Move inboard foor 5 mils up Move inboard foor 2 mils up Unacceptable Acceptable Acceptable Unacceptable Excellent Excellent 246810 Speed (rpm ϫ 1000) 20 FIGURE 2.30 As-found and final alignment data on motor and pump. Piotrowski / Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition DK4322_C002 Final Proof page 67 6.10.2006 5:21pm Detecting Misalignment on Rotating Machinery 67 0 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 6000 12000 18000 24000 30000 0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 DIDstrb P2-MIV Motor Inboard Vertical DIDstrb P2-MIH Motor Inboard Vertical DIDstrb P2-MIH Motor Inboard Vertical DIDstrb P2-MIV Motor Inboard Vertical 6000 12000 18000 24000 30000 0 6000 12000 18000 24000 30000 0 6000 12000 Frequency in cpm Frequency in cpm Frequency in cpm Frequency in cpm Frequency in cpm Frequency in cpm 18000 24000 30000 0 0.1 0.2 Peak velocity in./s 0.3 0.4 0.5 DIDstrb P2-MOH Motor Outboard Horizontal Before alignment After alignment DIDstrb P2-MOH Motor Outboard Horizontal 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0 0 6000 12000 18000 24000 30000 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0 0 6000 30000240001800012000 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 3556. 3555. 6000 DIDstrb P2-MOV Motor Outboard Vertical DIDstrb P2-MOV Motor Outboard Vertical 12000 Frequency in cpm 18000 24000 30000 0 6000 12000 Frequency in cpm 18000 24000 30000 FIGURE 2.31 Before and after radial vibration data on motor. Piotrowski / Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition DK4322_C002 Final Proof page 68 6.10.2006 5:21pm 68 Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition Before alignment After alignment Deionized water distribution pump 2 ¥ pump vibration data 0.5 DIDstrb P2-PIH Pump Inboard Horizontal DIDstrb P2-PIV Pump Inboard Vertical DIDstrb P2-POH Pump Outboard Horizontal DIDstrb P2-POV Pump Outboard Vertical DIDstrb P2-POV Pump Outboard Vertical DIDstrb P2-POH Pump Outboard Horizontal DIDstrb P2-PIH Pump Inboard Horizontal DIDstrb P2-PIH Pump Inboard Vertical 0.4 0.3 0.2 Peak velocity in in/s 0.1 0 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 6000 12000 18000 24000 300000 6000 12000 18000 24000 30000 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 6000 12000 18000 Frequency in cpm Frequency in cpm Frequency in cpm Fre q uenc y in c p m Frequency in cpm Frequency in cpm Frequency in cpm Frequency in cpm 24000 30000 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 6000 12000 18000 24000 30000 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 6000 12000 18000 24000 30000 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 6000 12000 18000 24000 30000 0 6000 12000 18000 24000 30000 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 6000 12000 18000 24000 30000 FIGURE 2.32 Before and after radial vibration data on pump. Piotrowski / Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition DK4322_C002 Final Proof page 69 6.10.2006 5:21pm Detecting Misalignment on Rotating Machinery 69 [...]... Experimental validation, Journal of Sound and Vibration (19 94b), 17 6(5), 6 81 6 91 Xu, M., Zatezalo, J.M., and Marangoni, R.D., Reducing power loss through shaft alignment, P=PM Technology, October 19 93 Piotrowski / Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition DK4322_C002 Final Proof page 88 6 .10 .2006 5:21pm Piotrowski / Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition DK4322_C003 Final Proof page 89 29.9.2006 5:53pm... Edition DK4322_C002 Final Proof page 78 6 .10 .2006 5:21pm 78 Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition TB Woods-type coupling various vibration responses to misalignment 1 2ϫ 3ϫ 4 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10 ϫ 9ϫ 10 ϫ 9ϫ 10 ϫ Motor driven pump—Motor OB Hrz vertical misalignment Motor was 10 0 mils high at OB, 46 mils high at IB 1 2ϫ 3ϫ 4 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ Motor driven pump—Motor IB Hrz vertical misalignment Motor was 10 0 mils... of coupling at each 10 mil misalignment condition (Photos and data courtesy of Infraspection Institute, Shelburne, VT.) Piotrowski / Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition DK4322_C002 Final Proof page 84 6 .10 .2006 5:21pm 84 Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition (a) (b) Temperature (8F) 15 0 10 0 50 (d) 40 mils 30 mils 20 mils 10 mils 0 mils 0 Misalignment (c) FIGURE 2 .45 Observed temperature patterns...Piotrowski / Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition DK4322_C002 Final Proof page 70 6 .10 .2006 5:21pm 70 Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition Before alignment After alignment DIDstrb P2-MIA Motor Inboard Axial DIDstrb P2-MIA Motor Inboard Axial 0.5 0 .4 0 .4 0.3 0.3 0 .1 0 0 0.2 719 1 0.2 3556 Peak velocity in in/s 0.5 0 .1 0 6000 12 000 18 000 Frequency in cpm 2000 DIDstrb P2-POA... vibration component appears FIGURE 2 .40 Observed vibration orbital patterns on rotors supported in sliding type bearings Piotrowski / Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition DK4322_C002 Final Proof page 80 6 .10 .2006 5:21pm 80 Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition (a) (b) Temperature (ЊF) 15 0 10 0 50 (d) 40 mils 30 mils 20 mils 10 mils 0 mils 0 Misalignment (c) FIGURE 2. 41 Observed temperature patterns... gear type couplings (Courtesy of Rexmord Coupling Group, Milwaukee, WI With permission.) Piotrowski / Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition DK4322_C002 Final Proof page 74 6 .10 .2006 5:21pm 74 Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition Metal ribbon coupling Various vibration responses to misalignment 1 2ϫ 3ϫ 4 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10 ϫ Motor driven ANSI pump S Chancey vertical misalignment 50 mils at IB & 75... worst misalignment condition (d) temperature of coupling at each 10 mil misalignment condition (Photos and data courtesy of Infraspection Institute, Shelburne, VT.) Piotrowski / Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition DK4322_C002 Final Proof page 86 6 .10 .2006 5:21pm 86 Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition BIBLIOGRAPHY Alignment Loading of Gear Type Couplings, Application Notes no (009)L0 048 , Bently... Edition DK4322_C002 Final Proof page 72 6 .10 .2006 5:21pm 72 Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition Jaw coupling Various vibration responses to misalignment 1 2ϫ 3ϫ 4 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10 ϫ 9ϫ 10 ϫ Motor driven ANSI pump J Lorenc horizontal misalignment at 90 mils IB & OB 1 2ϫ 3ϫ 4 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ Motor driven generator test D Nower horizontal and angular misalignment at 15 mils/in FIGURE 2. 34 Observed... courtesy of Infraspection Institute, Shelburne, VT.) Piotrowski / Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition DK4322_C002 Final Proof page 82 6 .10 .2006 5:21pm 82 (a) Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition (b) Temperature (8F) 200 10 0 (d) 40 mils 30 mils 20 mils 10 mils 0 mils 0 Misalignment (c) FIGURE 2 .43 Observed temperature patterns on misaligned rubber insert type coupling (a) A photograph of the coupling,... misalignment and unbalance, Part I: Theoretical model and analysis, Journal of Sound and Vibration (19 94a), 17 6(5), 663–679 Piotrowski / Shaft Alignment Handbook, Third Edition DK4322_C002 Final Proof page 87 6 .10 .2006 5:21pm Detecting Misalignment on Rotating Machinery 87 Xu, M and Marangoni, R.D., Vibration analysis of a motor—flexible coupling—rotor system subject to misalignment and unbalance, Part . (orders of running speed) 10 ϫ 11 ϫ 12 ϫ 1 2ϫ 3ϫ 4 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10 ϫ 11 ϫ 12 ϫ 1 2ϫ 3ϫ 4 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10 ϫ 11 ϫ 12 ϫ 1 2ϫ 3ϫ 4 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10 ϫ 11 ϫ 12 ϫ 1 2ϫ 3ϫ 4 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10 ϫ 11 ϫ 12 ϫ 1 . #7 M6W 1 2ϫ 3ϫ 4 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10 ϫ 11 ϫ 12 ϫ 1 2ϫ 3ϫ 4 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10 ϫ 11 ϫ 12 ϫ 1 2ϫ 3ϫ 4 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10 ϫ 11 ϫ 12 ϫ 1 2ϫ 3ϫ 4 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10 ϫ 11 ϫ 12 ϫ 1 2ϫ 3 ϫ 4 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10 ϫ 11 ϫ. speed) 10 ϫ 11 ϫ 12 ϫ 1 2ϫ 3ϫ 4 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10 ϫ 11 ϫ 12 ϫ 1 2ϫ 3ϫ 4 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10 ϫ 11 ϫ 12 ϫ 1 2ϫ 3ϫ 4 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10 ϫ 11 ϫ 12 ϫ 1 2ϫ 3ϫ 4 5ϫ 6ϫ 7ϫ 8ϫ 9ϫ 10 ϫ 11 ϫ 12 ϫ . 01 .02 Inches per