ARTICLES (A, AN, THE) I. Indefinite Articles: A/ AN 1. A/An được dùng trước: -danh từ đếm được, số ít. *An: đứng trước nguyên âm hoặc “h” câm. Ex: a doctor, a bag, an animal, an hour……… Ex: an aminal, an hour……… -trong các cấu trúc: so + adj + a/an + noun such + a/an + noun as + adj + a/an + noun + as How + adj + a/an + noun + verb! Ex: She is so pretty a girl. - It’s such a beautiful picture. - She is as pretty a girl as her sister. - How beautiful a girl you are! -chỉ một người được đề cập qua tên. Ex: A Mrs. Blue sent you this letter. -trước các danh từ trong ngữ đồng vị. Ex: Nguyen Du, a great poet, wrote that novel. -trong các cụm từ chỉ số lượng. Ex: a pair, a couple, a lot of, a little, a few, a large/great number of…… 2. A/An không được dùng: -ONE được sử dụng thay A/An để nhấn mạnh. Ex: There is a book on the table, but one is not enough. -trước các danh từ không đếm được. Ex: Coffee is also a kind of drink. -trước các danh từ đếm được số nhiều Ex: Dogs are faithful amimals. II. Definite Article: THE 1. THE được dùng trước: -những vật duy nhất. Ex: the sun, the moon, the world…. -các danh từ được xác định bởi cụm tính từ hoặc mệnh đề tính từ. -The house with green fence is hers. -The man that we met has just come. -các danh từ được xác định qua ngữ cảnh hoặc được đề cập trước đó. Ex: Finally, the writer killed himself. - I have a book and an eraser. The book is now on the table. -các danh từ chỉ sự giải trí. Ex:the theater,the concert,the church -trước tên các tàu thuyền, máy bay. Ex: The Titanic was a great ship. -các sông, biển, đại dương, dãy núi… Ex: the Mekong River, the China Sea,the Pacific Ocean,the Himalayas -một nhóm các đảo hoặc quốc gia. Ex: the Philippines, the united States. -tính từ dùng như danh từ tập hợp. Ex: You should help the poor. -trong so sánh nhất. Ex: Nam is the cleverest in his class. -tên người ở số nhiều (chỉ gia đình). Ex:The Blacks, The Blues, the Nams -các danh từ đại diện cho một loài. Ex: The cat is a lovely home pet. -các trạng từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn. Ex: in the morning, in the street, in the water… -số thứ tự. Ex: the first, the second, the third…. -chuỗi thời gian hoặc không gian. Ex: the next, the following, the last 2. THE không được dùng: -trước các danh từ số nhiều nói chung Ex: They build houses near the hall. -danh từ trừu tượng, không đếm được. Ex: Independence is a happy thing. -các danh từ chỉ màu sắc. Ex: Red and white make pink. -các môn học. Ex: Math is her worst subject. -các vật liệu, kim loại. Ex: Steel is made from iron. -các tên nước, châu lục, thành phố. Ex:Ha Noi is the capital of VietNam. -các chức danh, tên người. Ex: President Bill Clinton, Ba, Nga -các bữa ăn, món ăn, thức ăn. Ex: We have rice and fish for dinner -các trò chơi, thể thao. Ex: Football is a popular sport in VN. -các loại bệnh tật. Ex: Cold is a common disease. -ngôn ngữ, tiếng nói. Ex:English is being used everywhere -các kì nghỉ, lễ hội. Ex: Tet, Christmas, Valentine… -các mũi đất (nhô ra biển), hồ, núi. Ex: Cape Horn, Lake Than Tho, Mount Cấm, Mount Rushmore… *But: the Cape of Good Hope, the Great Lake, the Mount of Olive…… EXERCISES (ARTICLES) I/ Choose the correct word or phrase for each blank. 1. My sister often goes to_______________ by bus. A. city B. a city C. the city D. cities 2. Have you visited______________ ? A. London University C. University of London B. the London University D. the University London 3. The view along_______________ is breathtaking. A. Pacific Coast C. Coast of pacific B. the Pacific coast D. the Coast Pacific 4. They went skiing in________________ last winter. A. Alps C. Mountain of Alps B. Alps Mountains D. the Alps 5. Those tourists took a boat trip on______________. A. Mekong River C. River Mekong B. the Mekong River D. River of Mekong 6. Many of people are interested in climbing______________. A. Mount Everest C. the Everest mountain B. the Mount Everest D. the mountain Everest 7. Four of them rowed a boat around______________. A. Great Lakes C. the Great Lakes B. the Lakes Great D. Lakes of Great 8. ______________ natural resources may be used up someday. A. World B. World’s C. The world D. The world’s II/ Fill in the blanks with a, an, the or (zero article) 1. Jason’s father bought him____________bike that he wanted for his birthday 2. ____________ Statue of Liberty was a gift of friendship from___________ France to______________ United states. 3. Rita is studying___________ English and___________ Math this semester. 4. __________ judge asked___________ witness to tell____________ truth. 5. Please give me__________ cup of___________ coffee with ___________ cream and___________ sugar. 6. __________ big books on___________ table are for my history class. 7. My____________ car is four years old, and it still runs well. 8. There are only___________ few seats for_____________ tonight’s musical. 9. ______________ chair that you are sitting in is broken. 10. _____________ Civil War was fought in ____________ United States between 1861 and 1865. III.Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence 1. John and Marcy went to _______________ school yesterday. A. a B. an C. the D. 2. ____________Lake Erie is one of the five great Lakes in North America. A. a B. an C. the D. 3. On our trip to Spain, we crossed_______________ Atlantic Ocean. A. a B. an C. the D. 4. What did you eat for_____________ breakfast this morning? A. a B. an C. the D. 5. Louie played________basketball and_________baseball at the boys’ Club A. a, a B. an, an C. the, the D. , 6. While we were in______________ Alaska, we saw an Eskimo village. A. a B. an C. the D. 7. Phil can’t go to the movies because he has to write_____________ essay. A. a B. an C. the D. 8. David attend______________ Princeton University. A. a B. an C. the D. 9. Mel’s mother is in___________ hospital, so we went to visit her last night. A. a B. an C. the D. 10. Last night there was _____________ bird singing outside my house. A. a B. an C. the D. III. PREPOSITION 1. Lan always goes to school foot. a. by b. in c. on d. with 2. My classroom is the second floor. a. in b. on c. at d. from 3. I can’t help you. I’m bad English a. in b. on c. at d. from 4. He usually watches the news T.V at 6 o’clock in the morning a. with b. at c. in d. on 5. His opinion differs mine. a. to b. in c. from d. with 6. Are you fond newspapers and magazines? a. of read b. reading of c. of having read d. of reading 7. This kind of music is familiar teenagers. a. at b. for c. to d. About 8. Bill is bored doing the same job for too long. a. to b. with c. of d. about 9. He may be quick understanding, but he is not capable remembering anything. a. at – for b. of – for c. at – of d. in – of 10. He lives 17 George street in London. a. on b. in c. at d. inside 11. When are you leaving Hai Phong? a. toward b. forward c. for d. to 12. They are working the science Magazine. It is located in this district. A. up b. about c. for d. to 13. I’ve had the villa 1997. a. in b. but c. for d. since 14. Mrs. Jeremy lives to my house. a. by b. in c. next d. over 15. His master is never angry him when he is late. a. to b. about c. with d. on Rewrite the sentences: 1. The doctors can’t find out the remedy, they can’t save a lot of people. If the doctors………………………………………………………………………… 2. We don’t use public bus service, we will not get rid of pollution in the city. If we………………………………………………………………………… 3. “If he pays me tonight, I’ll have enough money for the tickets,” she said. She said that…………………………………………………………………… 4. She didn’t speak to him possibly because she was so shy. She would……………………………………………………………………… 5. People drive very fast. That’s why there are so many accidents. If people………………………………………………………………………… 6. If a stranger gave you a lift on the way home would you accept it?” She asked me. She asked me………………………………………………………………………. 7. Our sources of energy will soon end if other sources are not found. ………………………………………………………………………………… 8. Life on earth will be destroyed if nuclear tests do not stop. ………………………………………………………………………………… 9. Men will continue to live on food if other types of protein are not found. ………………………………………………………………………………… 10. World population will continue to rise if we do not try to reduce it. ………………………………………………………………………………… *Change into passive voice : 1 . The teacher corrects our exercises at home . 2. Ali’s absence worried his mother . 3. They are building several new schools in our town . 4. We have made great progress in industry ,science and medicine . 5. Sam killed a lion last week . 6. I had just finished the job when the factory closed . Give the correct tense of the verbs in the brackets: 1. I (not see) him since last Monday. 2. They had sold all the books when we (get) there. 3. I think he (leave) as soon as he (know) the new. 4. When my friend grows a beard, even his closest friend (not, recognize) him. 5. I (never read) a story that interested me so much as the one I (read) last night. 6. He (sleep) so he couldn't understand what you said to him. 7. I (finish) the book before my next birthday. 8. I (wait) for you at the hotel at midday tomorrow. 9. He said he (do) his homework since 7 o'clock. 10. They (build) a new house in this corner of the street right now. . ARTICLES (A, AN, THE) I. Indefinite Articles: A/ AN 1. A/An được dùng trước: -danh từ đếm được, số ít. *An:. ship. -các sông, biển, đại dương, dãy núi… Ex: the Mekong River, the China Sea,the Pacific Ocean,the Himalayas -một nhóm các đảo hoặc quốc gia. Ex: the Philippines, the united States. -tính. -các danh từ đại diện cho một loài. Ex: The cat is a lovely home pet. -các trạng từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn. Ex: in the morning, in the street, in the water… -số thứ tự. Ex: the first, the