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Brownstein S., et al. Barron''''s GRE.12th.ed.(Barrons)(669s)(1997) Episode 2 Part 10 docx

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18 M 20 22

The fifth-ranking person in the party hierarchy is

(A) Grell, the Minister of Mining

(B) Fentz, the Minister of Culture (C) Dorner, the Prime Minister

(D) Eckland, the Minister of Defense (E) Arning, the Minister of Education

The Minister of Social Welfare

I outranks the Minister of Defense

II is outranked by the Minister of Mining

(A) Tonly

(B) If only

(C) T and II only

(D) Tor II, but not both (E) Neither I nor II

How many of the seven party leaders outrank the Minister of Education? (A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5 (E) 6

If, during the congress, the Minister of Agriculture

and the Minister of Education are ordered to

exchange positions, which is true?

(A) Arning will move to a seat six places away from

his original seat

(B) Fentz will move up five places in the leadership

ranking

(C) Eckland will move to a seat three places away

from his original seat

(D) Grell will move up four places in the leadership ranking

(E) Eckland will move from the Prime Minister’s

left side to his right

If, during the congress, Eckland is demoted two

places in the party leadership ranking, which is true?

(A) The Minister of Defense moves up one place in

the leadership ranking

(B) Civili becomes the second-ranking leader in the

party

(C) The Minister of Mining moves up two places in the leadership ranking

(D) Dorner is demoted within the leadership

(E) The positions of five persons within the leader- ship remain unchanged 23 E Model Test4 595

Lillian, who has just celebrated her 107th birthday,

attributes her longevity to her lifelong habit of drink-

ing a double shot of whiskey each night and smoking

three cigars each morning

The best way to counter her argument would be to

point out that

(A) smoking has been proved to be a causative fac- tor in several life-threatening diseases

(B) other factors besides those mentioned may have caused her to live 107 years

(C) not all centenarians drink alcohol and smoke

tobacco

(D) Lillian should not be consuming the substances

mentioned without medical advice

(E) alcohol has been shown to kill brain cells

Questions 24 and 25

If Dr Seymour’s theory is correct, then the events she predicts will happen The events she predicted did hap-

pen Therefore, her theory must be correct 24 E 25

Which of the following arguments has a logical

structure that most nearly resembles that of the argu- ment above?

(A) If we win the game, we will be the league

champions We won the game; therefore, we are the league champions

(B) If the fan is running, then the electricity must be

on The electricity is on; therefore, the fan

must be running

(C) If the store is open, I will buy a shirt I think the

store is open; therefore, I should be able to

buy a shirt

(D) If Alice answers her phone, then my prediciton is correct I predict that she is at home; there-

fore, she will answer her phone

(E) If Ted’s flight is delayed, he will miss his

appointment He kept his appointment; there- fore, his flight must have been on time

The conclusion drawn in the argument above would

be valid if which of the following were true?

(A) Only Dr Seymour’s theory fully explains the events which happened

(B) If the events Dr Seymour predicted happen, then her theory is correct

(C) If Dr Seymour’s theory is correct, then the

events she predicted may happen

(D) Only Dr Seymour predicted the events which happened

(E) If the events Dr Seymour predicted happen, then Dr Seymour’s theory may be correct

S T O P

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596 Model Test 4

SECTION 7

Time - 30 Minutes

38 Questions

Directions: Each sentence below has one or two blanks,

each blank indicating that something has been omitted

Beneath the sentence are five lettered words or sets of words Choose the word or set of words for each blank

that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole 1 Because the ice grains in slush are so loosely

E| bonded, it 1s - and thus can cause an avalanche

even on gentle slopes (A) compact (B) flexible (C) interdependent (D) paradoxical (E) unstable

2 While some of the drawings are well rendered, oth-

F| ers are mere - ; nonetheless, nearly all possess a sort of rude - that catches the eye (A) portraits grandeur (B) illustrations finesse (C) daubs vigor (D) caricatures polish (E) mementoes familiarity

3 With their pea-sized brains and giant bodies, dino- —| saurs became a symbol of lumbering stupidity; their

extinction seemed only to - their - design (A) betray fundamental (B) hypothesize incongruous (C) invalidate conscious (D) embody ultimate

(E) confirm flawed

The shortcomings of Mr Brooks’s analysis are -

his - in explaining financial complexity and the sheer importance of this text =| 5 (A) alleviated by ineptitude (B) offset by clarity (C) magnified by precision (D) demonstrated by adroitness (E) mitigated by incompetence

can To a person - natural history, his country or sea-

M| side stroll is a walk through a gallery filled with

wonderful works of art, nine-tenths of which have

their faces turned to the wall (A) enamored of (B) uninstructed in (C) responsive to (D) disillusioned with (E) dependent on ON ~)

Do not be - by that fiery formula which springs from the lips of so many - old gentlemen: “I

shall write to The Times about this outrage!” (A) dissuaded indefatigable (B) daunted irresolute (C) intimidated choleric (D) discredited crotchety (E) exasperated apathetic

Despite John’s somewhat - undergraduate

career, as undistinguished by academic brilliance as by dissolute excesses, nothing could convince his anxious though doting mother that her son was nei- ther a genius nor a - (A) ordinary prodigy (B) colorful profligate (C) anomalous zealot (D) lackluster libertine (E) indifferent miser

Directions: In each of the following questions, a related pair of words or phrases is followed by five lettered pairs

of words or phrases Select the lettered pair that best

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n œ ERUDITE : SCHOLAR:: (A) remote : hermit (B) pliant : beggar (C) meandering : traveler (D) mendacious : liar (E) vindictive : conqueror DRUM : TYMPANT:: (A) cornet : percussion (B) oboe : woodwind (C) piano : orchestra (D) violin : concerto (E) coda : symphony GIBBER : SENSE:: (A) jabber : noise (B) toddle : mobility (C) dawdle : deference (D) vacillate : resolution (E) disobey : order MITIGATE : PUNISHMENT:: (A) aggregate : wealth (B) execute : mandate (C) commute : sentence (D) collect : fine (E) set : penalty SENTENTIOUS : APHORISM:: (A) redundant : criticism (B) deprecatory : panegyric (C) allegorical : maxim (D) symbolic : adage

(E) laudatory : eulogy

Directions: Each passage in this group 1s followed by

questions based on its content After reading a passage, choose the best answer to each question Answer all

questions following a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage (This passage was written prior to 1950.) (3) (10) (15)

We now know that what constitutes practically all of matter is empty space; relatively enormous voids in which revolve with lightning velocity infinitesimal particles so utterly small that they

have never been seen or photographed The exist- ence of these particles has been demonstrated by

mathematical physicists and their operations deter-

mined by ingenious laboratory experiments It was not until 1911 that experiments by Sir Ernest Ruth- erford revealed the architecture of the mysterious

atom Moseley, Bohr, Fermi, Millikan, Compton,

Urey, and others have also worked on the problem Matter is composed of molecules whose average diameter is about 1/125 millionth of an inch Mole- cules are composed of atoms so small that about 5

million could be placed in a row on the period at the end of this sentence Long thought to be the

ultimate, indivisible constituent of matter, the atom

has been found to consist roughly of a proton, the (20) E 20 (5) (10) (15) Model Test4 597 positive electrical element in the atomic nucleus,

surrounded by electrons, the negative electric ele- ments swirling about the proton

17 The primary purpose of the passage is to

(A) honor the pioneering efforts of Sir Ernest

Rutherford and his followers

(B) refute the existence of submicroscopic particles

(C) illustrate how scientists measure molecular diameter (D) summarize the then current findings on the composition of matter (E) analyze evidence against one theory of atomic structure

According to the passage, all of the following are

true of the center of the atom EXCEPT that it

(A) has not yet been seen by the naked eye

(B) contains elements that are positively charged (C) is very little larger than a molecule

(D) follows experimentally determinable processes

(E) is smaller than 1/125 millionth of an inch

By referring to the period at the end of the sentence

(lines 16-17), the author intends to point up the atom’s (A) density (B) mystery (C) velocity (D) consistency (E) minuteness

Which of the following relationships most closely

parallels the relationship between the proton and the

electrons described in the passage? (A) A hawk to its prey

(B) A blueprint to a framework

(C) A planet to its satellites

(D) A magnet to iron filings

(E) A compound to its elements

No one can be a great thinker who does not real-

ize that as a thinker it is her first duty to follow her

intellect to whatever conclusions it may lead Truth

gains more even by the errors of one who, with due

study and preparation, thinks for herself, than by the true opinions of those who only hold them

because they do not suffer themselves to think Not

that it is solely, or chiefly, to form great thinkers that freedom of thinking is required On the con- trary, it is as much or even more indispensable to

enable average human beings to attain the mental

stature which they are capable of There have been, and may again be, great individual thinkers in a

general atmosphere of mental slavery But there

never has been, nor ever will be, in that atmos-

phere an intellectually active people Where any people has made a temporary approach to such a

character, it has been because the dread of hetero-

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598 Model Test 4

(20) there is a tacit convention that principles are not to be disputed; where the discussion of the greatest

questions which can occupy humanity is consid-

ered to be closed, we cannot hope to find that gen-

erally high scale of mental activity which has made (25) some periods of history so remarkable Never when

controversy avoided the subjects which are large and important enough to kindle enthusiasm was the

mind of a people stirred up from its foundations

and the impulse given which raised even persons of (30) the most ordinary intellect to something of the

dignity of thinking beings

She who knows only her own side of the case knows little of that Her reasons may be good, and

no one may have been able to refute them But if

(35) she is equally unable to refute the reasons of the

opposite side; if she does not so much as know

what they are, she has no ground for preferring

either opinion The rational position for her would be suspension of judgment, and unless she contents

(40) herself with that, she is either led by authority, or

adopts, like the generality of the world, the side to

which she feels the most inclination Nor is it enough that she should hear the arguments of adversaries from her own teachers, presented as

(45) they state them, and accompanied by what they

offer as refutations That is not the way to do jus- tice to the arguments, or bring them into real con- tact with her own mind She must be able to hear them from persons who actually believe them; who

(50) defend them in earnest, and do their very utmost

for them She must know them in their most plausi-

ble and persuasive form: she must feel the whole

force of the difficulty which the true view of the

subject has to encounter and dispose of; else she

(55) will never really possess herself of the portion of

truth which meets and removes that difficulty

Ninety-nine in a hundred of what are called edu-

cated persons are in this condition; even of those

who can argue fluently for their opinions Their (60) conclusion may be true, but it might be false for

anything they know: they have never thrown them- selves into the mental position of those who think differently from them and considered what such

persons may have to say; and consequently they do

(65) not, in any proper sense of the word, know the

doctrines which they themselves profess They do not know those parts of the doctrine which explain and justify the remainder; the considerations

which show that a fact which seemingly conflicts

(70) with another is reconcilable with it, or that, of two

apparently strong reasons, one and not the other ought to be preferred 21 According to the author, it is always advisable to

(A) have opinions which cannot be refuted

(B) adopt the point of view to which one feels the

most inclination

(C) be acquainted with the arguments favoring the

point of view with which one disagrees

(D) suspend heterodox speculation in favor of doc- trinnaire approaches (E) ignore the accepted opinions of the vast majority 22 23 24 27

According to the author, in a great period such as the

Renaissance we may expect to find (A) acceptance of truth

(B) controversy over principles

(C) inordinate enthusiasm

(D) adread of heterodox speculation

(E) a suspension of judgment

According to the author, which of the following Statements is true?

(A) Most educated people study both sides of a question

(B) Heterodox speculation will lead to many unnec- essary errors of thinking

(C) In debatable issues, we should rely on the opi-

njons of the experts for guidance

(D) It is wise to hear both sides of a debatable issue

from one’s teachers

(E) The majority of those who argue eloquently truly know only one side of an issue

As it is used in line 7 of the passage, the word “suf- fer” most nearly means (A) endure (B) undergo (C) permit (D) support (E) force

It can be inferred from the passage that a person who knows only her own side of an issue is regarded by the author as (A) timorous (B) opinionated (C) heterodox (D) educated (E) rational

According to the author, the person who holds ortho- dox beliefs without examination may be described in all of the following ways EXCEPT as

(A) enslaved by tradition (B) less than fully rational

(C) determined on controversy

(D) having a closed mind

(E) unwilling to adopt new ideas

It can be inferred from the passage that the author would be most likely to agree with which of the fol- lowing statements?

(A) A truly great thinker makes no mistakes

(B) Periods of intellectual achievement are periods

of unorthodox reflection

(C) The refutation of accepted ideas can best be

provided by one’s own teachers

(D) Excessive controversy prevents clear thinking (E) In a period of mental slavery, no true intellectual

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Directions: Each question below consists of a word

printed in capital letters, followed by five lettered words or phrases Choose the lettered word or phrase that is

most nearly opposite in meaning to the word in capital

letters

Since some of the questions require you to distinguish fine shades of meaning, be sure to consider all the

choices before deciding which one is best 28 RECOLLECT: E| (A) comprise (B) misplace (C) settle (D) forget (E) administer 29 MISAPPREHENSION: E| (A) indignation (B) derision (C) intense speculation (D) approximate estimation (E) correct interpretation 30 ABIDE: E| (A) retract an offer (B) refuse to endure (C) shield from harm (D) exonerate (E) welcome 31 BENEVOLENT: F} (A) tense (B) intrepid (C) malicious (D) prominent (E) disinterested 32 PRECIPITATE: M| (A) intricate (B) devious (C) posthumous (D) dilatory (E) contradictory 33 34 36 37 ACERBITY: (A) noteworthiness (B) hypocrisy (C) mildness of temperament (D) lack of anxiety (E) thirst for pleasure APLOMB: (A) discomposure (B) righteousness (C) temerity (D) disapprobation (E) parsimoniousness TORTUOUS: (A) merciful (B) direct (C) dangerous (D) legal (E) tawdry EXTIRPATE: (A) dilate (B) implicate (C) proliferate (D) expostulate (E) incriminate BEATIFIC: (A) unattractive (B) arrhythmic (C) enormous (D) fiendish (E) radical ODIUM: (A) fragrance (B) monotony (C) idiosyncrasy (D) veneration (E) vigilance S T O P

IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, YOU MAY CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS SECTION ONLY DO NOT WORK ON ANY OTHER SECTION IN THE TEST

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600 Model Test 4

Answer Key

Note: The answers to the quantitative sections are keyed each answer refer to the math topic(s) covered by that

to the corresponding review areas in the Mathematics particular question Review (Chapter 11) The numbers in parentheses after Section 1 Verbal 1 B 11 E 21 C 31 B 2 B 12 A 22 B 32 A 3 C 13 Cc 23 A 33 D 4 D 14 C 24 E 34 B 5 E 15 D 25 E 35 C 6 C 16 E 26 C 36 E 1 E 17 C 27 C 37 B 8 D 18 D 28 D 38 C 9 E 19 C 29 C 10 B 20 B 30 B Section 2 Verbal 1 C 11 C 21 A 31 C 2 C 12 B 22 B 32 E 3, D 13 C 23 E 33 C 4 E 14 D 24 D 34 E 5 D 15 C 25 C 35 E 6 C 16 E 26 A 36 D 7 A 17 D 27 D 37 A 8 C 18 E 28 A 38 C 9 A 19 C 29 E 10 E 20 C 30 D Section 3 Quantitative

1 C (HI:B-2) OQ, B (I) 17 E(H-A) 25 C (II-E) 2 A (IV-A) 10 A (IIT-F) 18 E (H-A) 26 C (I-B)

3 A (ITI-H) 11 C (HI:H) 19 B (II-B) 27 D (III-D, G) 4 C (HI-B-2) 12 A (HI-A, D) 20 C (II-C) 28 E (III-D)

5 B(I-G) 14 B(HI:D) 21 E (I-C) 29 E (III-G) 6 C (I-A) 14 C (HI-:H) 22 C (I-D) 30 D (III-G) 7 B (I-A) 15 C (III-A) 23 B (II-B)

8 A (II-G) 16 A (II-B) 24 A (II-E)

Section 4 Quantitative

1 B(I-B) 9 A(I-B, C, H) 17 C(L-D) 25 B(IV-C)

2 C (I-C) 10 C (IHI-:G) 18 B(H-E) 26 E(H-A) 3 A (I-:B, C, H) 11 B(1HI-:AC) 19 E (II-E) 27 E (I-B) 4 B (I-H) 12 A (HI-G) 20 €C (HI-A, HI:G) 28 C (I-F)

5 G (HI:A) 13 C (II-C) 21 B (II-E) 29 D (II-B) 6 B (1-B) 14 C (IHI-:G) 22 B (IV-C) 30 B (I-D) 7 C (I-B) 15 D (III-G) 23 D (IV-B)

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602 Model Test 4 Answer Explanations Section 1 1 3 6 1 B C D _E C

The use of but indicates that the dean’s attempt to keep control failed It did so because it was

frustrated by the board of trustees None of the

other possible actions of the board of trustees would necessarily have caused the dean’s

attempt to fail

The dispute goes beyond or transcends mere

ideas, for it influences the financial and profes-

sional futures of the disputants

Note the use of mere to downplay the impor-

tance of ideas to the essence of the dispute The key phrase here 1s “move on.” If editors have to travel from firm to firm to succeed in their field, then publishing can be classified as an itinerant profession, a profession marked by

traveling

The physicists have had good reason to believe

in the principle because it has survived rigorous

or strict tests These tests have proved that the

principle is accurate

Note how the second clause supports the first,

explaining why the physicists have had reason

to be confident in the principle

If Mrs Woolf combines both radical and non- radical elements in her fiction, then she pre-

sents an anomalous or contradictory image

The embittered benefactor thinks of the recip-

ients as ingrates (ungrateful persons) because

they do not thank him sufficiently for his gener-

osity He does not think of them as misers

(hoarders of wealth): although they are stingy in expressing thanks, they are extravagant in

spending money He certainly does not think of

them as Jouts (clumsy oafs), prigs (self-right-

eous fuss-budgets), or renegades (traitors): the

specific attribute he resents in them 1s in-

gratitude, not cloddishness, self-satisfaction, or

perfidy

The field is cluttered by a welter or chaotic jumble of contradictory theories

Choice A is incorrect While bonanza means abundance, it is an abundance of good things,

a desired abundance Here the abundance of

theories is undesired; it is a confusion, not a

blessing

8 D The playing field in football is called the gridi- ron The playing field in baseball is called the diamond (Defining Characteristic) 10 B ll E 12 A 13 C 14 C 15 D 16 E

A laurel wreath is the symbol of victory An olive branch is the symbol of peace

Beware eye-catchers We may associate idle- ness with the notion of lying under a palm tree;

however, this is not an essential or necessary

relationship

(Symbol and Abstraction It Represents)

Agitator (trouble-maker) is a synonym for fire- brand Renegade (traitor) is a synonym for

turncoat

(Synonym)

A geologist studies rocks; gneiss is a type of

rock A botanist studies plants; a zinnia is a type of plant

Beware eye-catchers A meteorologist deals with weather and other atmospheric phenom-

ena, not with asteroids and other astronomical phenomena Likewise, an entomologist deals

with ants, not anteaters

(Defining Characteristic)

Someone callow is immature and will not reach full development till maturity Some-

thing incipient is beginning to become appar- ent and will not reach full development till

fruition

(Antonym Variant) Inoculation (introduction of a serum or vaccine

into a living creature) results in immunity

Exposure to the elements results in weathering

(Cause and Effect)

Someone dispassionate or temperate in judg-

ment is lacking in partisanship or bias Some-

one intemperate or immoderate is lacking in moderation

(Antonym Variant)

Something gris/y or gruesome causes one to recoil or flinch Something heartrending or severely distressing Causes one to weep

(Cause and Effect)

A tocsin is the ringing of a bell that signals

danger A knell is the ringing of a bell that sig- nals death

Beware eye-catchers Jocsin and toxin sound

alike but are unrelated Similarly, beware

tempting marginal relationships A clarion call of a trumpet may summon one to battle; it does

not by definition do so

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17 18 19 20 21 C D C

The author first establishes the general picture of unoriginal, passive Mary Shelley and then goes about demolishing it by bringing out just how innovative Shelley was in departing from the traditional model of the overreacher Thus, the author’s purpose is to rehabilitate Shelley’s literary reputation

Choice A 1s incorrect Others have discounted Shelley’s contribution; this author esteems it Choice B is incorrect The author mentions, but does not trace, Shelley’s familiarity with

the then current scientific and literary

revolution

Choice D is incorrect While the author deals with this question, she does so as part of her general attempt to reevaluate Shelley

Choice E is incorrect It is unsupported by the passage

Immediately before quoting Praz, the author states that the general view of Shelley depicts her as “a transparent medium through which

passed the ideas of those around her.” The quo- tation from Praz provides an excellent example

of this particular point of view

To answer this question correctly, you do not

need to reread the passage in its entirety

Quickly scan the passage for the name Praz; reread only the context in which it appears The opening sentence points out that Shelley

herself acknowledged the influence of her

unplanned immersion in the scientific and liter-

ary revolutions of her time Clearly, the author

of the passage concedes this as true of Shelley The concluding paragraph distinguishes Fran- kenstein from the other overreachers in his

desire not to extend his own life but to impart

life to another (by creating his monster) Thus,

his purpose is atypical of the traditional overreacher

To say that someone parts from the traditional

figure of the overreacher Is to say that he differs from it Thus, to answer this question quickly,

scan the passage looking for overreacher and different (or their synonyms)

Choice C is correct The opening sentence

states that ethology and behaviorist psychology (two differing theories) illustrate the distinction between learning and instinct (behavioral proc-

esses) The discussion of these two theories

that follows explains the behavioral processes Choice A is incorrect The passage does not suggest that one behavioral theory is more effective than another

Choice B is incorrect The passage sums up

current theories; it does not propose a new one

in their place

Choice D is incorrect The passage presents

Pavlov’s arguments in the course of explaining behaviorist psychology; it does not dispute them 22 23 24 25 A E Model Test4 603

Choice E is incorrect The passage is con-

cerned with learned behavior as well as instinc- tive or innate behavior

Choice B is correct In lines 13-16, the author

states that Lorenz and Tinbergen were, with

Frisch, the founders of ethology (defined in the passage as the study of instinct)

Choice A is incorrect Only Lorenz and Tin- bergen are cited for their work with the egg- rolling response in geese; nothing in the pas-

sage suggests that Frisch worked with egg- rolling

Choice C is incorrect It is unsupported by the

passage

Choice D is incorrect Behaviorists, not etholo- gists, are cited as favoring strictly controlled

conditions (lines 42- 44)

Choice E is incorrect Nothing in the passage suggests the ethologists have invalidated the

behaviorists’ approach

Choice A is correct What is remarkable about the goose’s response is that “‘at first glance [it]

might seem to be a thoughtful solution to a

problem.” This suggests that the appearance of

purpose and intelligence 1s what makes the act remarkable or noteworthy

Choice B is incorrect This is an aspect of the goose’s response; it is not what makes the

goose’s response noteworthy It is not remarka-

ble for an egg-rolling response to be triggered by an egg

Choice C is incorrect The egg-rolling

response supports ethological theories; it does not refute or disprove them

Choice D is incorrect This is an aspect of the goose’s response, not what makes the goose’s

response noteworthy

Choice E is incorrect It is both inaccurate fac- tually (the response lasts longer than four

weeks) and not an aspect of the goose’s response that would be noteworthy

Choice E is correct You can arrive at it by the process of elimination

Statement I is true Behaviorists such as Pavlov

worked with the unconditioned responses of animals Therefore, you can eliminate Choices B and C

Statement II is untrue Imprinting is a term cur- rent among ethologists, not behaviorists (lines

36-40) Therefore, you can eliminate Choice D

Statement III is true Behaviorists assume ani-

mals act in order to obtain rewards or avoid

punishments (shun negative stimuli) There-

fore, you can eliminate Choice A

Only Choice E is left It is the correct answer The author does not settle any arguments; he

merely presents differing theories without attempting to resolve their differences

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604 Model Test 4 26 21 28 29 30 31 C D

The opposite of apathetic or indifferent is

Choice B 1s incorrect The author points out 32 A The opposite of fledgling or untried is experi-

equivalents (functional parallels) between the enced The image is of a young bird just capa-

two systems (lines 55-64) ble of leaving the nest

Choice C is incorrect The author refers to experimental studies involving both classical

and operant conditioning 33 D

Choice D is incorrect The author uses the savoriness, the quality of being flavorsome

example of beer bottles to illustrate what sort of Think of the “‘insipidness of overcooked boiled

convex objects evoke the egg-rolling response cabbage.”

from geese (lines 27-29)

Think of “fledgling pilots trying their wings.”

The opposite of insipidness or lack of flavor is

34 B The opposite of to sequester or segregate is to

The trial-and-error method of experimentation permit to mingle

first rewards the animal for even partial per- Word Parts Clue: Se- means apart To sequester

formance of the desired response but later sOmeone means to set him apart rewards only increasingly precise behavior Think of “sequestered jurors.”

Thus, this method requires an increasing

2 ginement of behavior from the experimental 35 C The opposite of equanimity (emotional balance

or composure) 1S agitation

Word Parts Clue: Equ- means even; anim-

means mind or spirit Equanimity is an even- ness of mind; composure

Think of “something shattering one’s

Choice A is incorrect Although both rewards and punishments may be used in operant condi-

tioning, the animal does not have to be exposed to punishment for the experiment to succeed

Choice B 1s incorrect The experimenter asks ; equanimity.”

for increasingly precise behavior Nothing sug-

gests he or she gives increasingly greater 36 E The opposite of to anathematize or curse is to

rewards bless

Choice D is incorrect Nothing suggests that the cues necessarily change

Choice E 1s incorrect At the onset of the

experiment, the experimenter rewards even par- 37 B The opposite of moribund or approaching death

tial performance of the desired behavior 1s vital or full of life

Word Parts Clue: Mori- means die Moribund means dying

Think of “ta moribund patient.”

Think of “‘anathematizing one’s foes.”

Although the author reports that behaviorists view instinct as “irrelevant to learning,” his

description of the egg-rolling process shows no

such bias against the ethologists’ point of view 38 C The opposite of to distill or concentrate in

Instead, he focuses on pointing out correspond- purity is to adulterate or make impure (as by ences between the two approaches to behavior adding inessentials)

in an unbiased, dispassionate manner; the tone Think of “distilling strong brandy

of his discussion 1s one of neutrality

The opposite of to sedate or tranquillize is to

stimulate or arouse Section 2

Beware eye-catchers Note the abundance of

medical terms among the answer choices here 1 C While all the answer choices are plausible

Think of “sedating a restless patient.” goals for an anchorman, only one is acceptable

in light of the second clause: dispassion or

calm Shaw’s maintenance of his composure is

enthusiastic illustrated by his ability to maintain the normal

Word Parts Clue: A- means without; path- pitch of his voice

means feeling Someone apathetic is without

feeling; he or she does not care 2 € By definition, parasites sap or drain nutrients Think of “‘sadly apathetic voters.” from their hosts

The opposite of to dislodge or cause something 3 D The assiduous or diligent execution of one’s to shift is to secure or fasten it in place job would give one’s employer no cause for Think of “dislodging a boulder” from its complaint

position

4 E Inconsistencies in a story would warrant or jus-

The opposite of celibacy or chastity is promis- tify disbelief or incredulity on anyone’s part, cuity or indiscriminate sexual union whether or not he considered himself a skeptic

Trang 11

It was Williams’ penchant or liking for the-

atricality that caused critics to denigrate or

belittle his plays as mere melodrama

Note how the use of mere and the sense of the Shakespearean quotation convey the idea that Williams’ plays have been sullied or belittled

Because Mr Southern so understands the spirit

of the age, he is unafraid of or undaunted by its paradoxes

To say that a historian has entered thoroughly

into the spirit of an age is a compliment Thus,

the missing word must be complimentary in

meaning

If language shapes and determines the very

thoughts we are able to have, then it is certainly

far more than merely incidental to or acciden- tally linked with thought and communication

Note how the phrase far from being signals the

basic contrast of the sentence

A barge is a kind of vessel or ship A shovel is a kind of implement or tool

(Class and Member)

Something ramshackle or rickety lacks sound- ness or solidity Something garbled or jumbled lacks clarity

(Antonym Variant)

To dampen enthusiasm is to diminish it To

mute (muffle) sound 1s to diminish it

Note that Choice C is incorrect: to distract

attention 1s not to diminish it but to divert it in a new direction

(Defining Characteristic)

A burst is a sudden violent outbreak of sound

A blast is a sudden violent outbreak (heavy gust) of wind

Beware eye-catchers Choice D is incorrect A

glimmer is a feeble or intermittent /ight, nota sudden violent flare or blast of light

(Degree of Intensity)

Domesticated doves are kept in an enclosure called a cote Domesticated pigs are kept in an enclosure called a sty

Note that Choice E is incorrect While foxes

live in dens, foxes are not domestic animals

and dens are not manmade enclosures

(Defining Characteristic)

Model Test4 605

A shot 1s part of a salvo (a simultaneous dis-

charge of shots) An arrow is part of a volley (a simultaneous discharge of arrows)

Beware eye-catchers Sa/vo is unrelated to Salve or ointment

(Part to Whole)

A crab is an example of a crustacean A spt- der is an example of an arachnid

(Class and Member)

Skulduggery or dishonest, unscrupulous behav- ior is the mark of the swindler Chicanery or

trickery is the mark of the trickster

(Defining Characteristic) Self-respecting is less extreme than vainglo-

rious or excessively proud Careful is less

extreme than punctilious or excessively atten- tive to fine points

(Degree of Intensity)

The concluding sentence of the opening para-

graph mentions factors that produced the crop

of black writers who made up the Harlem Ren-

aissance The subsequent paragraph continues the discussion of these social and political

factors

Choice A is incorrect Although the opening

sentence indicates that the willingness of black writers to portray their own lives was a contrib-

uting factor to the Harlem Renaissance, the

next sentence makes it clear that this willing- ness was only part of what was going on

Choice B is incorrect The author is concerned with these writers as part of an American liter-

ary movement, not a worldwide crusade

Choice C is incorrect The author cites exam- ples of specific injustices in passing

Choice E is incorrect It is unsupported by the passage

The author’s use of such terms as “nobility of expression” and “masters of recent American

literature” makes it clear his attitude is one of admiration

The fact that the writers were more involved

with fighting problems in the system than with attacking the system itself suggests that funda- mentally they were not opposed to the demo-

cratic system of government

Choice A is incorrect The fact that the writers

did not revolt against the system does not nec-

essarily imply that they played a minor part in fighting abuses of the system

Choices B, D, and E are incorrect None is

Trang 12

606 20 21 22 23 24 Modei Test 4 C E D

In lines 8-10, the author mentions the grow-

ing interest in social and economic problems

among the writers of the Harlem Renaissance

They used poetry, prose, and song to cry out

against social and economic wrongs Thus,

they transformed their growing social and

political interest into art

Choice A is incorrect The author distrusts the

“foreign ideologies” (lines 26-27) with their

commitment to international solidarity

Choice B is incorrect The author states that the writers wished to improve American culture

Choices D and E are incorrect Neither is

implied by the author

Both the author’s reference to historical inter-

pretations of the Negro writer’s role (lines 52-

54) and the author’s evident concern to distin-

guish Negro writers from those who

“embraced” socialist and communist propa-

ganda (lines 24-28) suggest he is a historian interested in presenting these writers as loyal Americans

Choice B is incorrect The author touches on literature only in relationship to historical

events

Choices C, D and E are incorrect There is

nothing to suggest any of these interpretations in the passage

The author’s point is that the writers essentially

ignored socialist and communist propaganda This is apparently contradicted by the Messen- ger quote asserting that the New Negro (and

thus the new black writer) was produced by the same forces that produced socialism and com- munism The author gives qualified assent to that assertion (“Such forces may have produced the New Negro’)

The passage cites the battles for better working

conditions, desegregation, and social and polit- ical equality, among others

Choice A is unanswerable on the basis of the

passage The passage mentions an “improve-

ment in the capacity for expression” in the

period, but cites no factors leading to this sty- istic improvement

Choice B is unanswerable on the basis of the

passage It mentions no specific names

Choice C is unanswerable on the basis of the

passage The passage states the writers did not “embrace the several foreign ideologies that

sought to sink their roots” in America How-

ever, it nowhere suggests that the writers were in rebellion against these foreign ideologies Choice D is unanswerable on the basis of the passage No such information is supplied

The author takes the reader through Wegener’s reasoning step by step, describing what led

Wegener to reach his conclusions 25 C 26 A 27 D 28 A 29 E 30 D 31 C 32 E 33 C 34 E

The author both notes that Wegener’s theory is

revolutionary and indicates that it defies our conventional notions of the rigidity and immo- bility of the continents At the same time, he

presents Wegener’s reasoning fully and objec-

tively, neither mocking him nor adulating him

Thus, the author displays a judicious attitude, a

level-headed, academically respectable approach to a then controversial theory

Since the existence of the correspondences

between the various coastal contours was used by Wegener as a basis for formulating his the-

ory of continental drift, it can be inferred that the correspondences provide evidence for the theory

Choice B is incorrect The passage does not indicate that Pangea’s existence has been

proved

Choice C is incorrect It 1s the relative heavi-

ness of sima, not the level or depth of sima,

that suggested the possibility of the lighter con- tinents drifting

Choice D is incorrect Mobility rather than immobility would provide evidence for conti-

nental drift

Choice E is incorrect The continents are

lighter than the underlying sima

Choice D is answerable on the basis of the pas- sage The next-to-the-last sentence of the sec- ond paragraph states that the Americas

“apparently drifted toward the west.”

The opposite of to smart or cause a sharp sting-

ing pain is to soothe

Think of “ta cut that smarts.”

he opposite of lucid (clear) is obscure hink of “lucid thinking.”

he opposite of the periphery (outward bound-

ry) is the center

hink of the “periphery or outskirts of a city.”

Sq

daa

¬

The opposite of enigmatic (puzzling; mysteri-

ous) is unambiguous or clear

Think of the Mona Lisa’s “enigmatic smile.”

The opposite of to repudiate (disown; refuse to acknowledge) is to accept

Think of “repudiating a debt.”

The opposite of aloofness (remoteness, indif-

ference) is concern

Think of “haughty aloofness.”

The opposite of to exhume or disinter is to bury

or inter

Word Parts Clue: Ex- means out Humus means earth To exhume is to dig out of the earth

Trang 13

Model Test4 607

35 E The opposite of despotic (imperious, domi- 10 A If the area of a circle is four times a smaller cir-

neering) 1s humble cle its radius is two times as much

Think of “a despotic tyrant.”

11 C The distance from (5,3) to (5,7) = 4 The

36 D The opposite of to obfuscate or confuse is to radius of the circle is 4 and the circumference

clarify is 81

Word Parts Clue: Ob- means completely; fusc-

means dark; -ate means to make To obfuscate 12, A (X\{(Z\ _xX

is to becloud or make completely dark Z Y} Y

Think of “obfuscating the issue X and Y are opposite equal angles and therefore 37 A The opposite of a paean or song expressing X = Yand xX _ l

exultation is a dirge or song expressing grief Y

Think of “a triumphant paean.” 13 B The triangle is a 3-4-5 triangle

38 C The opposite of to concatenate or link together Hypotenuse = 2x + x = 3x

is to detach or unlink Hypotenuse — :

Word Parts Clue: Con- means together; catena- 5

means chain Concatenate means to link x = 3 (Column A) together as in a chain Think of “sonnets concatenated in a sequence 14 C Since the measure of “C = 45°, the measure of ZA = 45° and AB = BC = Let x= AB = BC Section 3 ‘ x _ rea ABC = 2()() = 12.5 x? = 25andx = 5 AB = 5,BC =S

1 C Because alternate angles have the same mea- sure, x = 3x — 50; then 50 = 2x and x = 25 2 A Column A: $17.40 + $6.93 = $24.33 Column B: $6.01 + $17.01 = $23.02 I5 C Ifa = 20 thenx = 160 Ifb = 160 then y = 20 3 A AB=6,BO=2,O0C=5 a+x = 180 BC = BO + OC = 7 y+x= 180 l Area of triangle ABC = 2 (9) (7) = 21 16 A (1)3x-6=1 (2)x—2=} 4 C a+y= 180 (angles on the same side of the Observe equation (2) = 1 of equation (1) transversal) 3 a = x (vertical angles) x=i (3x) Therefore x + y = 180 3 —2 = 3(—6) 5 B V0.81 =0.9 9 1q) 60% = 0.6 3 2 3.0 " 3 _ 3.0 _ Sum average ==; = Ì 2

3 17 E In2 hours Mr Jlones completed £ part of the

6.C Tx = 196 lawn He left unmowed | — 2 ort x 2

x = 28 X _ 5 = 4

7 B Both columns have in common: 14, 12, 10, 8, and 6 Column A has, in addition, (2)(4) or 8 Column B has, in addition, 16

Trang 14

608 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Model Test 4 E A C C Factor out 146 146(117 + 173 + 210) 146(500) = 73,000 (1) 7x — 5y = 13 (2) 2x — Jy = 26 (3)5x + 2y =

Observe equation (3) is the difference between

equation (1) and (2) Therefore 13 — 26 = —13

_ distance _d Rate = time —> or — t

Let x = time required to cover m miles

Distance = rate X time d =<*x m ƒ Xx m = or tt = x t d Lactose = 0.16 Fructose = 1.70

Fructose is about 10.6 times sweeter The increase is from 0.16 to 0.32

Change is 0.16

change _ 0.16 _ = 1 = 100%

original 0.16 °

100 times as sweet as glucose = 74

Let x = number of grams of sucrose to be added to saccharin 1 gram of saccharin = 675 x grams of sucrose = (1.00)(x) = x sweetness _Ö x + 675 _ 24 number of grams 1+ x 74 + 74x = x + 675 74x = 601 x = 8.2 grams

Obviously we must use less of the glucose than

lactose to get 0.32, since glucose is sweeter than lactose Observe the answers To make mixture: 1 gram glucose = 0.74 2 grams sucrose = 2.00 3 grams fructose = 5.10 Total of 6 grams = 7.84 1 gram sucrose = 1.00 6 grams sucrose = 6.00 Let x = number of times mixture is sweeter than sucrose 7.84 = 6x 1l3=x l 2 study French š Of ‘ or i study Spanish The remainder (2) or 4 do not study any for- eign language Let x = the total number of students in this school 3x = 300 x = 900 27 D Letx = AB = BC By the Pythagorean theorem, 2+ 2 = (6V2) 2x2 = (36)(2) x? = (36) x =6 Area = OX) or 18 Or, recall that in 45°, 45° right triangles, the hypotenuse = leg 4⁄2 28 E Since ZA 1s the largest angle and since this is a right triangle, ZA = 90°

29 E Area of square = 324 square feet Area of rectangle = 324 square feet

Length of rectangle = 3 yards = 9 feet

Let x = width of rectangle

Area of rectangle = 9x = 324x = 36

30 D Since the area of each circle is 477, the radius

of each circle is 2(mr? = 47) The diameter

of each circle is 4 Since each side of ABCD

equals two diameters, AB = BC = DC = AD

Trang 15

1, 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Since x has a negative value, x° will have a lL _.,

negative value and —> will have a negative x value In Column B, x* will have a positive value X+y _ =Š+=Š+I y y y ÿ x

The fraction ~ has a positive value since the y numerator and the denominator are positive If this fraction were equal to 2, then x would equal 2y However, since the fraction is equal to more than 2, then x is greater than 2y

025 =0.5= 3

Tol ar

l

Since ODC is equilateral, DC = = of 12 or 4 3 Since AB = DC, and BC = AD, perimeter ABCD = 22 Since x = 20, ZFCD = 40 ZFCB = 140 (supplement) ZFAB = ZFCB (opposite angles of a parallelogram) Therefore, y = 140 and y > 6x A Radius of l=5 Radius of II = 4 Radius of III = 3 AB=5+3=8 BC=3+4=7 AC=5+4=9 Perimeter of ABC = 24

In any 3 consecutive integers, the sum of the first and third is equal to twice the second

AS

If the area af ABCD = 36 each side = 6, the length of 6 radii = 6, and each radius = 1 The

area of each circle = (1)?n or 7

Since radius = 6, area of circle = 367, but we

do not know what part of the circle the seg- ment AOB is

Change all dimensions to feet

Piece of cloth was 3y feet long; f feet and — T2

feet were cut

The present length is 3y — G + i): Let x = number of articles shipped 0.0625x = 2,000 625x = 20,000,000 x = 32,000 Model Test 4 609 1

18 B (74 inches }(120) = 864 inches = 72 feet 5

There are 12 inches in one foot To change

inches to feet, we would have to divide the

inches into groups of 12 Thus, 36 inches

contains 36 + 12, or 3 groups of 12, or 3 feet

In like manner, c inches contains c ~ 12 or 1D feet

(x+ 1l)(x— l)=x?- Ì

o_ 30° _ 1 _el

30° = 3695 = 7x = 83%

$30 million + $11 milion = $41 million + 2 =

$20 2 million The closest choice is (B)

This is a direct proportion Let x = number of

workers engaged in transportation 90° _ 120° 1980 x 90x = (120(1980) „- 20)980) 7 90 4 660 {12011980 = ——————-— = 2640 “me 47

There are 50% more transportation workers

(30° on chart) than professional workers (20°

on chart) The 50% greater income of the pro- fessional workers makes their total income

equal to the transportation workers’ total income

I is not correct The increased company

income in 1985 ($50 million) did not neces- sarily result from price increases

II is correct The increase for the 1980-1985

period over the previous period was $20 mil- lion In the preceding 5 years the increase

was $11 million

III is not correct The increase in income could be due to other factors, such as price increases

If the sum of two numbers is known (here it

is Q), subtracting one of the numbers from the

sum will give the other number: Subtract:

0

2x — 4

To subtract polynomials, change the signs of the subtrahend (polynomial being subtracted) and proceed as in addition:

0 —2x +4

The other number is: —2x + 4

To divide two fractions, invert the divisor

(here, the divisor is `), and change the operation to multiplication:

6x

Trang 16

610 Model Test 4

“Cancel” or divide numerator and denomina-

tor by factors that will go evenly into both In

this case, 3 and x are such factors Note that x+x=l: 2 1 AS UX KX 1 1

Multiply together the remaining factors of the

numerator to obtain the numerator of the

answer, and multiply together the remaining

factors of the denominator to obtain the denominator of the answer

21 1 |

Simplify: 2

28 C The darkened line extends to the right of —3

and includes —3 Therefore, the solution set

contains numbers greater than or equal to —3 The darkened line extends to the left of 5, but

the open, unshaded dot at 5 indicates that 5 is

not included in the solution set; therefore,

numbers less than 5 but not including 5 are in the solution set

If x stands for any member of the solution set, the two conditions above may be repre- sented by -3 =x<5 29 D xyz= 1 Since x =z xyz = | y= y= 30 B $48.00 (market price) — = ($48.00) or $12.00 = $36.00 sellling price Let x = cost (cost) x + profit (3 = $36 x+ % = 36 Sx +x = 180 6x = 180 x = $30 Section 5

1-4 Summarize the availability of the staff

Monday Alice, Betty, Dorothy, Edith (except first Mon- day of month)

Tuesday Carol, Betty, Dorothy, Edith

Wednesday Alice, Carol, Dorothy, Edith

Thursday Betty, Dorothy, Edith (except first Thursday of month) Friday Alice, Betty, Edith 6 C 8-11 8 C,

Observe that Alice, Betty, and Dorothy are

available on any Monday Observe summary above

Dorothy and Betty are available on any Thurs- day but Edith 1s available on all Thursdays

except the first Thursday of the month

Observe summary Only Alice, Betty, and

Edith are available on Fridays

The argument states that gun control laws

reduce violent crime; the evidence is a drop in

armed robberies in one city This involves

unwarranted generalizations (A, C), a failure to consider alternative explanations (B), and a

possible failure to consider contrary evidence

(E) D, however, raises an objection to gun

control laws unrelated to either the validity of the evidence or the validity of the conclusion in the argument

Option I partly answers the objection given in

choice B above; this makes it appear more

likely that the law directly caused the drop in

armed robberies Option IT strengthens the

argument in a somewhat more general way; if

this statement is true, those violent crimes

committed with a gun will be more strongly

deterred by the additional punishment man-

dated for violation of the gun control law

Option III would strengthen the argument on!/y if an additional assumption were made, that gun control laws make gun crimes less likely

Option I weakens the argument by suggesting an alternative explanation for the drop in the

crime rate Option IT has nothing to do with the

crime rate Option III does not, in itself, sug- gest that the gun control law is an ineffective

deterrent

You might first examine the grid and circle the

words which seem to violate one or more rules They are: death {violates rules (3) and (4), as

well as (5), because it is not an adjective]; hot-

ter [violates rule (5), since all other words in column IV are either nouns or verbs; violates

rule (4) unless fester is changed]; fester [vio-

lates rule (3); violates rule (4) unless hotter is

changed — but if fester is changed to satisfy

rule (3), it will no longer violate rule (4), may

violate rule (5), depending on whether dam and

edge are read as nouns or verbs]; greed [may violate rule (5), depending, again, on dam and edge]; gradual [violates rule (5)] Now you

should be able to answer the questions dealing only with the trouble spots in the grid

Death must be changed to a four-letter word,

according to rule (3); this will also bring it into conformity with rule (4); and the new word

Trang 17

10 A

II C

12-18

12 B

Two rules, (1) and (3), apply to rows; rule (1) is satisfied by all rows, rule (3) by rows 1, 4, and 5 Three rules, rules (2), (4), and (5),

apply to columns Rule (2) is satisfied by all

columns; rules (4) and (5) only by columns |

and II

Rules (1) and (2) are not violated by any row or column; the others are (see above)

This is tricky Death and gradual must be

changed (deaf and glitter will do) Hotter must

be changed to the right part of speech—but

what is that? If dam and edge are verbs, hotter

can become hanker, but greed must become a

verb (groan), while fester must become a

seven-letter verb (flicker) This is a total of five

changes But if dam and edge are nouns, hotter

can be a noun (heater), fester can become a

seven-letter noun (fai/ure), and greed can remain unchanged This is a total of four changes Of course, you are not required to

supply words which will fit the rules; the exam-

ples we’ve given are simply to clarify the puz-

zle for you

The various statements result in two lists of

musical works, which can then be put together

because the total number of works is specified This also becomes important in the last ques-

tion The statements about Beach, Ives, and

Gottschalk give you:

G DB IF

The dots indicate that we don’t know how many works intervene The other statements

yield:

C——E H—A

The three dashes indicate that a precise number of works intervene Within a limit of ten works

in all, these two patterns can be put together in

only one way:

GCDBEH—AIF

Note that one space is still blank We know that ten works will be heard, but only nine compos- ers and works are named, so this is logical

This can be answered by inspection of the dia- gram Note that choice A is correct in reverse order

13 D This can also be answered by inspection Note

that choice C contradicts a stated condition

14 A This can also be answered by inspection l5 E 16 E 17 C 19-22 19 20 A 21 B Model Test4 611

Again, simply inspect the diagram Five

works, including one whose name we don’t

know, will be heard between the Beach and the Foster

Since the soloist’s first performance will be during the Gottschalk—the first work to be

heard—she will begin tuning up before the

Start of the program

This is just a matter of counting back from the

blank space Works H, E, B, and D are the

four that intervene

This is the only really hard item in this set

Inserting G into the blank following C, we

would have: C G—E H—A DB [IF a total of 11 (I) Inserting I and F into the blanks after C,

we would have: G DB CI FE H—A—.,a

total of 11 (remember that Antes can’t end the

program) (II) But if A preceded G (IID), six composers would precede A and five would

follow, for a total of 12

A diagram showing which events may lead to which will help you here We have used broken

and dotted lines with B, C,and the events

which follow from them in order to distinguish which combinations lead to which results Your

diagram need not be this elaborate (or neat);

you are the only person who must be able to read it

D results from A, B, C, or W E results from B, C, or W; F from W or X; MorN from E +

F Your only problem might have come if you

failed to notice the stipulation of immediately

preceding events—so you can’t count C or W

among the causes of M in this question

A results in D only; but D may cause another

event only if it is caused by B or C, so no sub- sequent event follows after the AD sequence

B, C, and W all have more than one immediate

result; X has only one, F, but F caused by X

may cause H

BDH, BEH, CDH, CEH, WFH, and XFH are

the combinations that cause H Notice that H

may not result from any of the immediately

Trang 18

612 22 23 24 25 Model Test 4 C B E C

I results from two combinations only—CDI 4 E

and CEI G results from four combinations— BDG, BEG, CDG, CEG H results from six,

as we just saw M and N result from either five

or six combinations—1in the case of M,

BEXFM, CEXFM, WEXFM, BEWFM,

CEWFM, and possibly WEWFM (we don’t

know if W can act twice, but it doesn’t matter

—choice C is still lowest by far)

This can be deduced from the fact that the 5 D

author believes that a constitutional amendment will succeed where lawsuits and local statutes have failed

This question raises an issue the author has

failed to address adequately: given the fact that

job discrimination by gender is a real problem, 6 C

does it necessarily follow that only a constitu- tional amendment can solve the problem?

The fact that some employers do not discrimi-

nate against women does not undermine the

argument as presented, since it does not imply

that no problem of discrimination exists Section 6 8-12 Questions 1-4 1 2 D D

Seat 1 is the leftmost seat; and since Doggett

must have Chatsworth seated immediately to

his left, he can’t sit in seat 1

Chatsworth must be seated immediately to the 9 A

left of Doggett, so he must sit in seat 2 if Dog-

gett is in seat 3

10 D

Broome cannot sit next to Allenby, so Broome

cannot be in seat 6 Since Chatsworth must 11 B

have Doggett to his right, and seat 6 is the

rightmost seat, Chatsworth is eliminated Dog-

gett, who must have Chatsworth, not Allenby,

to his left, is eliminated Fream refuses to sit in

seat 6, so Edson is the only remaining choice

If Fream is in seat 3 and Doggett 1s in seat 2, then Chatsworth, who must sit to the left of

Doggett, must be in seat 1 Allenby, Broome, and Edson remain as candidates for seats 4—6

if Allenby occupied seat 5, Broome would

nave to be next to him; if Broome occupied

seat 5, Allenby would have to be next to him—both impossible since Allenby and

Broome will not sit next to each other This

means that Edson must occupy seat 5

Analyze Nancy’s logic: she assumes that the only harmful effect of beer drinking is gaining

weight The best way to strengthen Gary’s

argument and refute Nancy’s is to dispute this assumption D points out the obvious and

explodes her argument The other choices all fail to challenge Nancy’s illogical reasoning It is most likely that students are excused from Freshman Composition if they demonstrate

superior writing ability Thus, being excused is

an effect, not a cause, of their writing well; but

the argument, in assuming that dropping the course will improve everyone’s writing, treats it as if it were a cause Choice A is incorrect—

the first sentence in the argument is a factual

Statement, whether true or false Choice B is incidental—the reasoning would be invalid

even if the statements were backed by miles of

evidence Choices D and E similarly focus on

incidental features which might be important if the basic reasoning were valid

All choices except choice B suggest that Fresh- man Composition has educational value and

can help to improve writing skills Choice B suggests just the opposite

Summarize the facts

Spanish is spoken by 3—A,B,D Italian is spoken by 3—A,C,E English is spoken by 2—B,C French is spoken by 2—D,E

When C and D converse they can use English,

Italian, French, and Spanish between them Mr A speaks Spanish and Italian Mr B

speaks English and Spanish Mr E speaks French and Italian

Mr B understands English and Spanish, while

Mr E speaks two other languages, French and

Italian

Mr A and Mr B can converse in Spanish

English is spoken by two executives (Messrs B

and C) and French is spoken by two executives (Messrs D and E) English and Spanish are

spoken by 5 Italian and Spanish are spoken by 6 English and Italian are spoken by 5 French

Trang 19

12 D 13-16 l3 E, 14 D 15 B 16 C

Three executives speak Spanish (Messrs A, B,

and D) The other executives (Messrs C and

E) speak Italian

Problems like this, which are almost impossi- ble to figure out without a diagram, become relatively simple with a circle diagram like the one shown Broken lines are used for uncertain

relations; shading is used for E; F is shown in

various possible positions

All we know about F’s is that they are Q’s and that the non-A part of the B circle does not

contain any They must be A’s, C’s, or E’s

because these groups define the rest of the Q’s Choice A can be seen to be wrong from the

diagram Choices B, C, and D are all possible,

but not necessarily true

B’s, C’s, and E’s define all the Q’s Choices A

and B are possible, but not necessarily true

Choice C would fit an F that was within the A/

C overlap Choice E seems false only if you are hypnotized by the F we have drawn in the A

circle, which is also a B Remember that F is

only one possibility

E’s are defined as not B or C, so I is definitely

true III is true because no D is an A II cannot

be known; the fact that C’s appear both outside

the B’s and inside the A’s does not mean that

there are any in the non-A part of B, where our broken line shows them

The question does not say P is a Q, so choice A is out Choice B is only a possibility—P could be in the non-B portion of the D circle

as drawn Choice C is correct—E and C together define the non-B portions of Q

(remember that A’s are B’s) Choice D fails to

account for the fact that P may be outside Q

altogether If not a B, P cannot be an A (choice E) 17-22 F Educ 17 18 19 20 21 22 Min C Model Test4 613

As usual with puzzles about seating arrange-

ments, begin with a series of blanks—at first,

more than you will eventually need You might

put initials above the blanks and cabinet posi- tions below The statement about Fentz gives:

F C

Ag

Brenner must be to the right of the Minister of Agriculture since, if he or she were to the left, Civili would be one of his or her neighbors This gives you a stretch of seven persons

between Fentz and Arning, and so you can trim

the ends of your diagram Put the Prime Minis-

ter in the center spot Grell can be two places to the left of Dorner only if Dorner is the Prime

Minister The three ministers seated in a row

must be on the left of the Prime Minister, since

the Agriculture Minister is on the right Eck-

land is placed by elimination We cannot deter-

mine which of the two right-hand places the last two ministers occupy The completed dia-

gram looks like this:

G C D E B A

Cult’ PM Ag SWorD SWorD

This information may be easily gleaned from

the diagram

Remember the rules about rank The top five

leaders are Dorner, Eckland, Civili, Brenner, and Grell

We don’t know whether Brenner or Arning is

Minister of Social Welfare If Brenner, he out-

ranks the Minister of Defense, who (by elimi-

nation) is Arning If Arming, he is outranked

by the Minister of Mining, Grell Thus, either I

or II may be true Both together (C) is

impossible

The extreme left-hand seat is the lowest in rank

According to the question, Minister of Educa- tion Fentz will exchange positions with Minis-

ter of Agriculture Eckland As a result, Fentz

will move up from seventh to second in the

leadership ranking Choice E would be correct if the directions mentioned were reversed

Eckland, previously second in rank, becomes

fourth; Civili, previously third, becomes sec- ond; and Brenner, previously fourth, becomes

third The positions of the Ministers of

Defense, Mining, and Education, who rank

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614 23 24 25 Model Test 4 B B

Lillian’s argument is flawed because she fails

to consider all the possible factors that could explain her longevity; B points this out

Choices A and C do not weaken Lillian’s argu- ment, because they do not prove that tobacco

and whiskey have bad effects in all cases

(choice E may even be considered an ad homi- nem argument!) Choice C doesn’t directly

answer Lillian, because it proves only that other factors may explain other centenari-

ans’survival Choice D does not get to the flaw in Lillian’s reasoning—and besides, she may have had medical advice

The logical structure of the argument is: If P,

then Q; Q, therefore P This is fallacious rea-

soning, and we’re asked to find the same falla-

cious reasoning in one of the choices Choice B

commits exactly the same error Choice A says:

If P, then Q; P, therefore Q (which is valid) Choice E says: If P, then Q; Not Q, therefore not P (also valid) Neither of these structures

matches that of the original argument Neither

choice C nor choice D can be symbolized using just two letters; thus neither can match the

original

Choice B states the hidden assumption on which the original, fallacious argument was

based If it were true, the original conclusion

(“her theory must be correct”) would be valid Section 7 l 2 3 E C E

The unstableness of slush makes it unlikely to cling to even gentle slopes Instead, it starts to

slide; it may even cause an avalanche

Things that are tightly bonded stick together

securely; things that are loosely bonded stick together less well Note that the loose bonding

of the ice grains lessens their stability

The writer contrasts well-rendered works of art with poorly executed daubs or crude pictures

However, he qualifies his criticism by stating that almost all these artworks possess a vigor

or liveliness that attracts the viewer

Extinction or destruction of the spieces appears to confirm a flawed design that combines an ex- tremely small brain in an extremely huge body

(Actually, current studies of reptiles indicate

that the dinosaur’s brain was in proper propor- tion to its body mass.)

Clarity in explaining complicated financial

matters would do a great deal to offset or com- pensate for shortcomings in a text

Note the use of and linking the positive phrase

‘‘sheer importance of his text” with the second blank This indicates that the second missing

word must be a positive term 5 6 1 8 12 B D C D

If nine tenths of the works of art in the gallery have their faces turned to the wall, then the vis- itor to the gallery has no clue whatsoever to

what wonders they contain Similarly, a person uninstructed in natural history wanders through the world with no clue whatsoever to nine

tenths of the natural wonders that surround

him

Choleric or irascible old men are likely to issue

fiery proclamations However, such formulas should not intimidate or frighten anyone

The use of terms such as “fiery formula” and

“outrage” conveys the image of an elderly

gentleman who gets hot under the collar or

choleric

John’s mother is at once excessively optimistic and excessively pessimistic Optimistically she thinks her son is a genius (person showing

‘‘academic brilliance’) Pessimistically she

thinks he is a /ibertine (person given to “disso-

lute excesses’) In both instances she is wrong: John’s career has not been distinguished by

genius or depravity; it has merely been lacklus-

ter (dull, uninspired)

Note that an undergraduate career undistin- guished by genius and depravity would not be

likely to be described as either colorful or

anomalous (abnormal) Thus, you could imme- diately eliminate choices B and C

A cluster is a group of stars A clump is a group of trees

(Group and Member) To guffaw is to laugh in a noisy manner To

squabble is to quarrel in a noisy manner

(Manner)

A lobster is trapped by lobstermen in a pot A rabbit is trapped by hunters in a snare

(Function)

A piston moves up and down within a cylinder An elevator moves up and down within a shaft Beware eye-catchers A bullet is fired from a

revolver; it does not merely move up and down the barrel of the revolver

(Location)

Erudition or learnedness characterizes the

scholar Mendacity or dishonesty characterizes

the liar

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13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

A drum is an instrument in the tympani or per-

cussion section of an orchestra An oboe is an instrument in the woodwind section of an

orchestra

(Class and Member)

To gibber (chatter foolishly) is to speak without

sense To vacillate (waver) is to act without resolution (firmness of resolve)

(Antonym Variant)

To mitigate a punishment is to lessen or reduce

it To commute a sentence is to lessen or reduce it

(Function)

An aphorism or concise formulation of a truth is by definition sententious (pithy; concise) A eulogy or expression of praise is by definition laudatory

(Defining Characteristic) In the opening and closing sentences of the

passage, the author sums up what “‘we now know” and informs the reader what “thas been found” about the composition of matter (what

constitutes matter)

The passage states that molecules are made of

atoms; logically, therefore, an atom is smaller,

not larger, than the molecule to which it

belongs

Choice A is incorrect Line5 states atoms “have never been seen or photographed.”

Choice B is incorrect Lines 19-20 mention the presence of positive electric elements

Choice D is incorrect Lines 5-8 note the

ingenious laboratory experiments that deter-

mine the atom’s operations or processes

Choice E is incorrect Lines 13-14 mention

the average diameter of a molecule is 1/125 millionth of an inch Atoms are smaller yet

The comparison emphasizes the smallness or

minuteness of atoms

The satellites circle the planet The electrons

swirl around the proton As depicted, the rela-

tionships are comparable

Choice A is incorrect A hawk swoops down

upon its prey The proton does not swoop down upon the electrons

Choice B is incorrect A blueprint is an outline or plan A framework is a skeletal structure,

possibly constructed in accordance with a blue- print The relationships are not comparable

Choice D is incorrect Iron filings are drawn or attracted to a magnet Electrons swirl around a

proton

Choice E is incorrect A compound is made up of elements A proton is not made up of electrons 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Model Test4 615

In the second paragraph, the author emphasizes

the need for being able to refute the arguments

of the opponents of the side of an issue which an individual supports

In the next-to-the-last sentence of the first para- graph we are told that when principles cannot

be disputed, a period of history cannot achieve the level of brilliance which has made some

periods of history so noteworthy

The second paragraph states that “ninety-nine in a hundred” of so-called educated people do

not have a full sense of the force of the argu-

ments that favor their opponents’ side

The opening sentence states that it is a duty to

follow one’s intellect to whatever conclusions it may lead Those who do not do so are not suf- fering or permitting themselves to think

The third sentence of the second paragraph

states that the kind of person described in this question “has no ground for preferring either opinion.” If she chooses either side, she is act-

ing out of bias or prejudice, and so is opinionated

A person who holds orthodox ideas without subjecting them to examination cannot be

determined on controversy (bent on getting into

an argument), for her ideas will not be in con-

flict with those of a majority of her

contemporaries

If it is the suspension of the dread of heterodox

speculation that characterizes such periods of intellectual achievement, then such periods

must be characterized by unorthodox thought and reflection

he opposite of to recollect or remember is to

T

Jorget

Think of “recollecting someone’s name.”

The opposite of a misapprehension or incorrect understanding is a correct interpretation

Think of “being under an unfortunate misapprehension.”

The opposite of to abide or bear patiently is to refuse to endure

Think of being “unable to abide punk rock.”

The opposite of benevolent or well-meaning is

malicious or wicked

Word Parts Clue: Bene- means well; vol- means

wish Someone benevolent wishes people well

Think of “a benevolent philanthropist.”

The opposite of precipitate or hasty is dilatory

or tardy

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616 33 34 39 Model Test 4 C A

The opposite of acerbity or sharpness of tem-

per 1s mildness of temperament

Think of “biting acerbity.”’

The opposite of aplomb (equanimity or poise)

is discomposure or agitation

Think of “the aplomb of a diplomat.”

The opposite of tortuous or winding 1s direct Beware eye-catchers Jortuous has nothing to do with torture Think of “ta tortuous mountain road.” 36 37 38 C D

The opposite of to extirpate or eradicate is to proliferate or cause to increase in numbers

Think of ‘“‘extirpating endangered species.”

The opposite of beatific or saintly is fiendish

Beware eye-catchers Choice A is incorrect Beatific is not a synonym for beautiful

Think of “beatific angels.”

The opposite of odium or detestation is venera- tion or great respect

Beware eye-catchers Choice A 1s incorrect Odium is unrelated to odor

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Model Test5 617

Answer Sheet — MODEL TEST 5

Start with number 1 for each new section

Trang 25

MODEL TEST 5

SECTION 1

Time—30 Minutes

38 Questions

Directions: Each sentence below has one or two blanks,

each blank indicating that something has been omitted

Beneath the sentence are five lettered words or sets of words Choose the word or set of words for each blank

that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole 1 Language, culture, and personality may be consid- El ered independently of each other in thought, but they

are - in fact

(A) autonomous (B) pervasive (C) equivocal (D) inseparable (E) immutable

2 Since depression seems to result when certain cells

E| in the brain receive too little of two key chemicals, the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and serotonin,

one goal of treatment is to make more of the chemi-

cals - the nerve cells that need them

(A) analogous to (B) dependent on

(C) available to (D) regardless of

(E) interchangeable with

3 Wildlife managers and conservationists have gradu-

E| ally come to recognize that - methods of protect-

ing the flock by maintaining refuges and regulating hunting are no longer sufficient, and in their dissatis- faction they are - a new approach (A) radical incapable of (B) innovative cognizant of (C) conventional pressing for (D) previous chagrined by (E) conservative dubious of

Neutron stars are believed to be the highly com- pressed remnants of exploding stars (supernovas) and thus - of one of the most - processes in nature =| 4 (A) causes cataclysmic (B) products violent (C) examples equivocal (D) justifications harsh (E) precursors dynamic

Nn The sudden shift from - to - in Hugo’s nov- M| els can startle readers, especially when he abruptly

juxtaposes a scene of chaste and holy love with one of coarse and profane licentiousness (A) devotion frivolity (B) piety ribaldry (C) vulgarity adultery (D) decorum salubrity (E) purity maturity 6 H ~

Isozaki’s eye for detail is apparent everywhere in the new museum, but fortunately the details are - to the building’s larger formal composition, which is

by the busyness of much recent architecture

(A) important harmed

(B) irrelevant fragmented

(C) appropriate echoed

(D) subordinated unencumbered (E) incidental nullified

Instead of taking exaggerated precautions against

touching or tipping or jarring the costly bottle of

wine, the waitress handled it quite - , being care-

ful only to use a napkin to keep her hands from the

cool bottle itself (A) fastidiously (B) capriciously (C) nonchalantly (D) tentatively (E) imprudently

Directions: In each of the following questions, a related pair of words or phrases is followed by five lettered pairs of words or phrases Select the lettered pair that best

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620 Model Test 5

II JUG : CROCKERY::

(E] (A) wine : vineyard (B) hospital : surgery (C) hat : millinery (D) tankard : brewery (E) kiln : ceramics 12 GLINT : LIGHT:: M| (A) blare : sound (B) whiff : scent (C) shade : color (D) glut : food (E) wave : tide 13 DOGGEREL : POET:: M| (A) symphony : composer (B) easel : painter (C) caption : cartoonist (D) soliloquy : playwright (E) potboiler : novelist 14 FERAL : DOMESTICATION:: M| (A) arable : cultivation (B) viral : infection (C) crude : refinement (D) frugal : economy (E) pliable : molding 15 SCOTCH : ROMOR:: H| (A) divert : traffic (B) broach : topic (C) quash : riot (D) singe : fire (E) spread : gossip 16 QUALIFY : PARTICULAR:: H| (A) restrain : effusive (B) flout : arbitrary (C) acknowledge : specific (D) mollify : agreeable (E) burnish : dull

Directions: Each passage in this group is followed by questions based on its content After reading a passage, choose

the best answer to each question Answer all questions following a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in

that passage

The notion of a tranquil abyss had been so generally held that many investigators were initially reluctant to

accept the evidence for strong currents and storms in the

deep sea The first argument for the existence of such currents came from theory Cold water is denser than

warm water, and models of ocean circulation showed

that the sinking of cold water near the poles should gen-

erate strong, deep and steady currents flowing toward the Equator Subsequent observations not only con- firmed the presence of the deep currents but also dis-

closed the existence of eddies on the western side of

ocean basins that can be some 300 times as energetic as

the mean current Photographs of the sea floor underly- ing the deep currents also revealed extensive graded

beds indicative of the active transport of sediment The

final evidence for dynamic activity at great depths came

from direct measurements of currents and sediments in

the North Atlantic carried out in the HEBBLE program

Before we describe the HEBBLE findings in some

detail let us briefly review the sources and sinks of deep- sea sediments and the forces that activate the global pat- terns of ocean circulation The sediments that end up on

the ocean floor are of two main types One component is

the detritus whose source is the weathering of rocks on

continents and islands This detritus, together with decay-

ing vegetable matter from land plants, is carried by rivers

to the edge of the continent and out onto the continental

shelf, where it is picked up by marine currents Once the detritus reaches the edge of the shelf it is carried to the

base of the continental rise by gravitational processes A significant amount of terrestrial material is also blown out to sea in subtropical regions by strong desert winds

Every year some 15 billion tons of continental material reaches the outlets of streams and rivers Most of it is

trapped there or on the continental shelves; only a few

billion tons escapes into the deep sea

The second major component arriving at the sea floor consists of the shells and skeletons of dead microscopic

organisms that flourish and die in the sunlit waters of the top 100 meters of the world’s oceans Such biologi-

cal material contributes to the total inventory at the bot- tom about three billion tons per year Rates of accumu- lation are governed by rates of biological productivity,

which are controlled in part by surface currents Where

surface currents meet they are said to converge, and where they part they are said to diverge Zones of

divergence of major water masses allow nutrient-rich

deeper water to “outcrop” at the sunlit zone where pho-

tosynthesis and the resulting fixation of organic carbon

take place Such belts of high productivity and high rates of accumulation are normally around the major

oceanic fronts (such as the region around the Antarctic)

and along the edges of major currents (such as the Gulf Stream off New England and the Kuroshio currents off

Japan) Nutrient-rich water also outcrops in a zone

Trang 27

20

The primary purpose of the passage is to

(A) contrast surface currents with marine currents

(B) question the methods of earlier investigators

(C) demonstrate the benefits of the HEBBLE

program

(D) describe a replicable laboratory experiment (E) summarize evidence supporting oceanic

circulation

Which of the following best describes the attitude of many scientists when they first encountered the

theory that strong currents are at work in the deep sea? (A) Somber resignation (B) Measured approbation (C) Marked skepticism (D) Academic detachment

(E) Active espousal

According to the passage, the earliest data support- ing the idea that the sea depths were dynamic

rather than placid came from

(A) underwater photographic surveys

(B) the activities of the HEBBLE program

(C) analysis of North Atlantic sea-bed sediments

(D) direct measurement of undersea currents

(E) models showing how hot and cold water interact

This passage most likely would be of particular interest to

(A) navigators of sailing vessels

(B) students of global weather patterns

(C) current passengers on ocean liners (D) designers of sea-floor structures (E) researchers into photosynthesis

As defined in the passage, the second type of deep- sea sediment consists of which of the following?

I Minute particles of rock

II Fragmentary shells III Wind-blown soil (A) LT only (B) II only (C) I and II only (D) I and III only (E) L1, and II 22 In the passage the authors do all of the following H EXCEPT (A) approximate an amount (B) refer to a model (C) give an example (D) propose a solution (E) support a theory Model Test5 621 23 The style of the passage can best be described as E| (A) oratorical (B) epigrammatic (C) expository (D) digressive (E) metaphorical

Unlike the carefully weighted and planned composi-

tions of Dante, Goethe’s writings have always the sense

of immediacy and enthusiasm He was a constant exper-

imenter with life, with ideas, and with forms of writing

For the same reason, his works seldom have the qualities of finish or formal beauty which distinguish the master-

pieces of Dante and Virgil He came to love the beauties

of classicism but these were never an essential part of his make-up Instead, the urgency of the moment, the spirit of the thing, guided his pen As a result, nearly all his

works have serious flaws of structure, of inconsisten-

cies, of excesses and redundancies and extraneities

In the large sense, Goethe represents the fullest devel- opment of the romanticist It has been argued that he

should not be so designated because he so clearly

matured and outgrew the kind of romanticism exhibited

by Wordsworth, Shelley, and Keats Shelley and Keats

died young; Wordsworth lived narrowly and abandoned his early attitudes In contrast, Goethe lived abundantly

and developed his faith in the spirit, his understanding of

nature and human nature, and his reliance on feelings as

man’s essential motivating force The result was an all-

encompassing vision of reality and a philosophy of life

broader and deeper than the partial visions and attitudes

of other romanticists Yet the spirit of youthfulness, the

impatience with close reasoning or “logic-chopping,”

and the continued faith in nature remained his to the end,

together with an occasional waywardness and impulsive- ness and a disregard of artistic or logical propriety which

savor strongly of romantic individualism Since so many

twentieth-century thoughts and attitudes are similarly based on the stimulus of the Romantic Movement,

Goethe stands as particularly the poet of modern times as Dante stood for medieval times and as Shakespeare for the Renaissance

24 The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage

El 1s

(A) Goethe and Dante

(B) The Characteristics of Romanticism (C) Classicism versus Romanticism

(D) Goethe, the Romanticist

(E) Goethe’s Abundant Life 25 A characteristic of romanticism NOT mentioned in M| this passage is its

(A) elevation of nature

(B) preference for spontaneity

(C) modernity of ideas

(D) unconcern for artistic decorum

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622 26 H Model Test 4

It can be inferred from the passage that classicism has which of the following characteristics?

I Sensitivity toward emotional promptings

II Emphasis on formal aesthetic criteria III Meticulous planning of artistic works

(A) only (B) HHIonly (C) land Il (D) II and HI (E) I, Il, and Ill

The author’s attitude towards Goethe’s writings is best described as (A) unqualified endorsement (B) lofty indifference (C) reluctant tolerance (D) measured admiration

(E) undisguised contempt

Directions: Each question below consists of a word

printed in capital letters, followed by five lettered words or phrases Choose the lettered word or phrase that is

most nearly opposite in meaning to the word in capital

letters

Since some of the questions require you to distinguish fine shades of meaning, be sure to consider all the

choices before deciding which one is best 28 E 29 30

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Numbers: Figures: Model Test5 623 SECTION 2 Time—30 Minutes 30 Questions

All numbers used are real numbers

Position of points, angles, regions, etc., can be assumed to be in the order shown; and angle measures

can be assumed to be positive

Lines shown as straight can be assumed to be straight

Figures can be assumed to lie in a plane unless otherwise indicated

Figures that accompany questions are intended to provide information useful in answering the questions However, unless a note states that a figure is drawn to scale, you should solve these problems NOT by estimating sizes by sight or by measurement, but by using your knowledge of mathematics (see Example

2 below)

Directions: Each of the Questions 1-15 consists of two quantities, one in Column A and one in Column B You are to

compare the two quantities and choose

A if the quantity in Column A 1s greater; B if the quantity in Column B is greater; C if the two quantities are equal;

D if the relationship cannot be determined from the information given Note: Since there are only four choices, NEVER MARK (E) Common

Information: Ina question, information concerning one or both of the quantities to be compared is centered above the two columns A symbol that appears in both columns represents the same thing in Column A as it does in Column B Column A Column B Sample Answers Example 1: 2x6 2+6 @đ@đ@@đ@âđ Examples 2-4 refer to AA POR R y° w/z? P N O Example 2: PN NO ®®O@®O

(since equal measures cannot

be assumed, even though PN

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624 Model Test 5

A if the quantity in Column A is greater; B if the quantity in Column B is greater; C if the two quantities are equal;

D if the relationship cannot be determined from the information given Column A Column B 1 T717 1 -71-7-7 E] 0<x<100 x 1s divisible by 2, 3, 5 Two science classes share microscopes numbered 4 to 16

3 The number of micro- The number of micro- scopes used in Class- scopes used in Class-

room A, where micro- room B, where micro- scopes with odd numbers scopes with even num-

are used bers are used E

In a shipment of electronic parts 0.01 percent is

defective ABC Electronics received a shipment of 10,000 of these parts 4 The number of l defective parts in this shipment E

Martin is 5 times as old as Sara

Michael’s age is s of Martin’s age

3 Michael’s age Sara’s age E The average weight of Mark, Philip, and Lori is 50 pounds 6 Weight of Mark and Lori Weight of Philip and Lori E x>z>0 1, x y E

There are 30 members on the varsity football squad, 20 on the varsity baseball squad, and 10 varsity players who are on both squads

8 The ratio of the number The ratio of the num-

on both squads to the ber on the baseball

number on the baseball squad but not on the

squad football squad to the

number on the football

squad but not on the baseball squad M Column A Column B

9 The distance covered in The distance covered

20 minutes at the average in 30 minutes at the

rate of 30 miles perhour average rate of 20

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