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Intermediate Japanese: An Integrated Course — Ist Semester
Intermediate Japanese: An Integrated Course — Ist Semester is a re-compiled version of The Nihongo Journal’s “Modern Japanese: An Integrated Course.” It comprises a year’s worth of lessons, stretching from May, 1987 through April, 1988 Compared to Intermediate Japanese: An Integrated Course (published in 1987), the lessons in this volume are somewhat easier in content
I began writing these monthly lessons as an integrated course for students who have completed a study of Japanese at the basic level; I am overjoyed to have them take the form of a textbook I hope that you will be able to make full use of this text to upgrade your Japanese skills
Refer to the following page for an explanation of how to use the lessons I have also included, as a special feature for this text, an applied reading exercise consist-
ing of selections from newspaper or magazine articles that relate to each lesson’s
topic After you’ve gone through each lesson, use these selections to strengthen your reading comprehension skills
Finally, I’d like to extend my gratitude to the staff of ALC Press and Bonjin-sha Co., Ltd for their assiduous efforts to publish this text, and especially to Glenn Sullivan, who was in charge of its English translations Nobuko Mizutani I Arms To improve rei ity, sentence cor and self-expressi lÍ STRUCTURI 1 Main Text A short essay cultural phenom 2 Dialogues Two conversatic Text in a nat Japanese 3 Vocabulary L 4 Notes 5 Structure Pra 6 Discourse Pré By presenting ations and styl rather than a ser — sections five Japanese in its a 7 Kanji Compo A dozen basic several import through the list each compound 8 Kanji Compo Short sentence kanji compound section above T of each, taking unlike the abov readings for the omitted
9 Cassettes The Main Tex ture and Discou recorded form
Trang 8WAR IEA Tz "St A AS B4 CØ 1 RIC BN ‡¿uoš vi = ĐH #ƑU pL Ss mc (7734 : (ZA ` 2» CORT b Re , BRO fhe L7 ROBE & BLD 2#L7vZ tk DA ar SAILER (RK ATINIOSK = 7k 448 f Semester a re-compiled 2d Course.” It zh April, 1988 1 in 1987), the students who
{to have them
ull use of this essons I have ercise consist- each lesson’s rengthen your nd Bonjin-sha ally to Glenn to Mizutani Intermediate Japanese: An Integrated Course — Ist Semester I Arms
To improve reading and listening abil- ity, sentence construction, word usage, and self-expression Il SrructureE oF Eacu Lesson 1 Main Text A short essay on a recent social or cultural phenomenon 2 Dialogues
Two conversations related to the Main Text in a natural, spoken form of Japanese 3 Vocabulary List 4, Notes 5 Structure Practice 6 Discourse Practice
By presenting different linguistic situ- ations and styles of conversation — rather than a series of isolated sentences — sections five and six help you study Japanese in its actual context
7 Kanji Compounds Practice
A dozen basic kanji accompanied by several important compounds Read through the list, and try to memorize each compound
8 Kanji Compounds Review
Short sentences constructed with the kanji compounds that appeared in the section above Try to grasp the meaning of each, taking note of the fact that, unlike the above section, the hivagana readings for the compounds have been omitted
9 Cassettes
The Main Texts, Dialogues, and Struc- ture and Discourse Practices are all in recorded form
Il LEVEL
This textbook is tailored for students who have formally studied between 150 to 300 hours of Japanese, or have com- pleted th first 24 lessons of An Introduc- tion to Modern Japanese Although vocabulary lists are included, students should have a solid understanding of verb conjugations and other aspects of basic Japanese grammar
IV Meruop or Stupy
1) Listen to the recording and try to understand the Main Text and Dia- logues
2) Read the Main Text and Dialogues, making as few references to the Vocabu- lary List and Notes as possible Use the latter two sections when you encounter difficulties
3) Try to read the Japanese text before referring to its English transla- tion.(Translations of the essays, articles, and dialogues attempt to capture the spirit and tone of the Japanese text — be it playful, ironic, or serious Translations of the Structure and Discourse Practices comply more faithfully with a word-by- word rendition of their Japanese models.)
4) Go over the Structure and Discourse Practices with a friend
5) Record and listen to your oral pro- duction of the material
6) Try to have a conversation on the Main Text essay — or on whatever subject you please — using the forms and patterns introduced in the Structure and Discourse Practices
Trang 9oS ¢ 2Ä} | [eel The following essay has been recorded on the cassette Lalsi RwLe gine es: > ` ` ` Ầ #H»ì7 È }È\ Fp TRA 245 y
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Hak wok ck eb BR ONS, BURIAL DS SE LRG, ESUBRAI WECHIRT 6 A9251 2nd mE CUE BET EARB( rT, EDT oO eo TCLAIPALNEw, i Translation
The Prime Mini
to meet the Pres China; heads of numerous countri we are informed b: television progr articles Internati blossomed at an
Trang 10ded on the cassett ‘7 Pi BURG & FUE !È352„ BLU (isk #u 52}: 0 Tp | b niyo tt 5t Ẳắ EU b¿) HAT HA 5 IS [Davis & Bu t= Lá b‡w ICL ot, A Lok DET BS Ae, RS Be tAit È 5š 6†t2, ROBIE Li pt A fh se 5, VHETCHIRT 2 be ECU be ST = 3l ĐÌL» l#tst l3 I Translation of the Main Text Visitors
The Prime Minister goes to Washington to meet the President, pays a visit to China; heads of state and VIPs from numerous countries come to Japan Or so we are informed by a continuous stream of
television programs and newspaper
articles International friendships have blossomed at an incredible rate
And not only among statespeople Stu- dents and academicians are also exchang- ing information and friendship across national boundaries Foreign technicians are coming to Japan for training, and their Japanese counterparts are going abroad to spur technical development in a range of fields
At the same time, private visits to homes are on a decline The elaborate cleaning and food-purchasing that preced- ed the visits of guests in one’s childhood (“were having a visitor today!”) are
The following dialogues have been recorded on the cassette
already part of the past: today’s friends meet in restaurants and coffee houses In- timate friends excepted, visitors—and the act of visiting—have diminished
One possible reason for the drop-off: the severity of housing conditions in Japan It’s impossible, within the tight confines of one of today’s homes, to have a separate room for houseguests People are busier these days, and opportunities to go’ to someone’s home for unhurried conversa- tion are few What’s more, the time avail- able for keeping one’s house in order is a mere fraction of what it once was
If every restaurant and coffee house suddenly closed, what would happen? Some people would clean their houses with frantic desparation, true A far larger number might find themselves carrying on their meetings in the streets—and the sidewalks would bulge to bursting point Pow 3 ñ _DIALOGUES PVD RA | Ep ae L Ze 3 & 5 SN Dw †:E2‡†fb2ầb+#†?: 312 De Lear HAO, ALEK, Bis sche, A:+4ttCÈ 5È 3? 2‡#A, BibROR, OOS MORASS ADS C NEUAT OFELOAT CML E LR A :iÄÐ** ACš AC, B:##, ¿5 CL}:?', 35&¿€&L® WEL
ARDY —OiR EOI EE LPO
Trang 1110 A:*L?»t 43 a be | kodlrb, GHs Keb ¢ L » š ta2L+ BEL x3 B22 R&R MEE HATE D BEGE b HSL, Bizé5 A: È, HHÁ9C #172? b3 020, Oe Li AIL, Z5CHR Foss Ik, BESAMKEPGOT £Casth WilFFSEELRUVE, hie > LTS Le EAL AD } A {tote 5, eg SRYUFEKSDS Lie COTAD +f IS AT Jv AAT EP OP LD EP PT PE OPA Dialogue I
A conversation between two coworkers who've met for a discussion A is male and B A: B: PO pw pe is female Sorry I’m late
No problem Though Ill admit that I was a little concerned—you’re usually such a prompt person
The traffic was awful Oh?
The cab driver said that the leader of some country is paying a visit to Japan, so the roads were blocked off Is that right?
So he claimed There’s nothing wrong with international relations, he said He just wished they didn’t create traffic jams
I know how he feels
Anyway, it’s a fact that friendships be- tween countries are increasing After all, the Prime Minister has already visited China and the U.S
And college professors and technical experts are traveling to other coun- sm I]t EDO Ss Aw DRA I AP ST EP ET SP B A: A:#2¿35c3?hš ROOUE, 2k2 Lo?6, để Mike BAULLAT, FCRORES CHUE, YTTF A LODAIURTVPVALTZ Rl LARBPHE (CT BHRECAC ®# 5C A22 ( horaAtta, irks La + Bizz, ht, t*Ctš23lg»)# ta kw ro, BRE SMA MOE OAL elo Ct Dp, SbLADS RED RANA ft» X#C†+ + LP LT LE PP SBN PSP LEIP ET ET tries
Actually, it’s the personal visits—the entertaining and receiving of guests— thafve decreased
True When we were kids, we’d run errands for our parents to get ready for a visitor Kids nowadays are too busy studying
And a lot of people spend their New Year’s vacations abroad—or in hotels B: Marriage introductions used to take place in homes, but now hotels and restaurants are in vogue
Uh-huh Many people complain that their houses are too cramped, aren't
ready to accommodate guests
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were kids, we’d run yarents to get ready S nowadays are too ile spend their New
‘broad—or in hotels ctions used to take but now hotels and | vogue
ople complain that too cramped, aren’t )date guests x women often don’t receive visitors lean At our place, it we have to devote a ling to prepare for a a different matter, of bay 38 St%2 be gi o£ th Rib CAED HH, fb PHS ? Ấn Ze Hib, HR BR, PRR, eK ie + ? VPESCCA ¬ Bb = %: 5bØï##ØOIl+*#, È 53) ? S21 E55 >? vs 5 + FD Ww REISS 5 ? #224, £UO2Z5R Ad, at SELES PADRES A CREO S WMTWRIEA SD ? i aXe RIL LFSPALWAA, SHETH REEF wR #:H—-6, BRB? KE LUSEETEROUE, SBAEA % #t: bxÄtft2C, 2b#20t XS RUE, SBALAT ELEtbO C8550 KK COMBC EL U ek ow, 3#: ¿4t b6?›*5C2Øt %:te*et+U©e#te?* b6?›*2Ct*a Co BLE GUS GPITU SUED BREEN iz din $i ot, BRBLADESTSO, FRAMING hk, BRL TAF Lei RA UCTS 3 KIEL S, DALE OGHES ot TOHTE Le #2 25h, THLSLOdDA, TH AWE SL BIRLA T U† Cứ LU BAL Plo LG FI EZAMIEMLS, EC REOMOL Lia WEIARASTEHZ, COMME Si Ze: EIPLS, Ue, AMAR ST 3 7g D A %: €5, ƯUÁ?›*†21% b6 +IỀH š Cử, SPI LE PL PIED LLP I DE SD LI LE ESI DLP PP NS PLP LR ta Dialogue II
A married couple converse
Husband: By the way, is there anything scheduled for this Sunday?
Wife: Nothing in particular Just the usual cleaning, washing, relaxing, TV- watching H: How about Yamamoto, from my sec- tion at work? What's “how about Yamamoto” sup- posed to mean?
Trang 1312
(byzy fy se -
between Yoshiko and Yamamoto? W: You're not talking about a marriage
introduction, are you?
H: Nothing that serious, really Just hav- ing them over to the house
W: Now just a moment I’m all in favor of an introduction, but having them over to the house—why, where would they sit?
H: What’s wrong with right here, in this room?
W: In the midst of all this mess? H: So whats the problem? Nothing
wrong with a lived-in look, is there? W: Have you given any thought to what
they're going to eat?
H: No need to prepare anything special
Cake and coffee should be about right
Maybe so
Don’t worry Our house is so small, they won't feel comfortable for long, and soon leave
W: Fair enough But after one look at the way we live, don’t you think they'll give up the idea of marriage alto- gether?
H: Not at all If we show them the good qualities of our relationship, it might work as effective propaganda W: Really? Which means no fighting this
Sunday, huh?
H: Right We'll have to make sure that all our fights end on Saturday
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BOAR [at we: Dd | 22229 0n nan 12100 statesperson
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MAB S UAT SUZ) ] ceeereeree personally
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ĐHEL[EtvÐ + 3 ] eee ingredients
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12g Lầ C4] h9 coffee house
HIUN? 5| 0k 207 6)] saengeeeoei utilize, use
Trang 14te should be about r house is so small, tomfortable for long, after one look at the mt you think they'll ‘a of marriage alto- show them the good ‘elationship, it might & propaganda eans no fighting this to make sure that all n Saturday Ễ = @3] ernational exchange | foreign country ‘engineer, technician alae study, training _ overseas ‘various kinds of ~ beeseeeeveveseees technique beeeeeveeees development on the other hand ] 5609099609096 608 personally Bissesccsses other person «ĐH HH 9n 0 00 0 n6 61 it seems — -‹ c carefully
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SCO OCOCOIC OOO Ore housing conditions Rone [Ps (6nie)] To o2 con limited ZEI[ 4 3 Ð*4L]-rnhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhkớ space
EAL (2s) & EC LG] cere for visitors
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BID LE BL ROUTE GB) ] certs teeter tees put aside
REDE LEO 5 (Hw) ]
cannot afford to; there’s no room for~
fea [bs ol Au 1S) J) eoreee oneness generally
PPD Sap nines amscsmnamaciensnn go into
MBSR Ur] HHHrrr chance, opportunity
FAB [DU] ceeeeceeee eee eee cesses eeee eens housework BROT (DU (DP) ] ceceeceeteeeeeteeeeeeee sees spend
Aig t= [Fs IRIF (UZ) Jerre to a great degree £C~L†:6[#>b9 (G~LU†?6)] 40 604 59)6/83078 20331916816,318/910:80l8130815/914215273/81206/4/8 suppose that~ +2#B[## 4] Ta ca on ao ro oan an uc all Š?2[3o5Xxz5(†42)] ccc closed DIET LU>L(C)] desparately, frantically DHA 5 8 4)9:81)8/415/4/7974.E/@16/526)6'6:8/21815/6757s36)8/2)4f6:6)3/87a/8/4J8'8 A 4 T2 3
tt ECL2U+ 5(Œ)] ẽẽrrreh on the street #rbẩãm[?2(b)\##2L]} -talk while standing
ABH [IE È 5 ] N07 0019010910101 s7 n " sidewalk
DNV AD BA
ki Bá)
‡fbâb+#[5(È)®(b+#)] -==è discussion
sie F [5 ATA Lw] ` driver
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EBRD C SU LAA]
ss RSS RN aRE SS ee good international relationship
PRBS SC] - the United States
2 HA | (%) 4H (\)] marrige introduction
TRILL A cet tet eee tees este tees eee eee ees at any rate
BEELAC ew (is) Fe (ECAC SEW)
not at all suitable for entertaining a visitor
SET Lipid | seeanane sence wee ccaea caveat housewife
REA AE CPA TS EWG] ee time
Fe lke ES] saesveenensse plans, commitments
ETB LAE ALIS ( ]cteeceeeteeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eens washing
POE(S wd ES) sruanieddeaaaie rest E8 section BBL4AIGA| se marriage meeting ~EWFIEETEEOUE 0 nothing that (significant, etc.) XwW[/tvãš #0] nhớ greatly in favor Di Ms ih sieves scattered, disordered FER DT TS] HH home-like
(33) BBL (Fs) FE CU] cree tet ee eee eee tence meal
ZA TAMU 6 tee (ZAM) LAIZG (6 20) ]
¬— ốc don’t worry about that HBR e1 ÖÖ- stimulus UE Ap? seenvenaswas uenenercemensenewnceranae: argument 4 ebDSEU
O is ordinarily placed in front of tsukiaz to express interpersonal relations In this context, it implies, with humorous effect,
the relations between countries Be -
@ coerce bØ0#vtã35
If mono da were omitted from this sen- tence, its meaning would remain the same Mono da simply adds emotional emphasis to the statement Not unlike the phrase
Trang 15Lby2y La b£ |
hontoo ni da naa, it conveys the depth of the writer’s feelings about a situation
eed CSEDHS
Equivalent to okyaku ga kuru: “A guest is coming to visit.” The expressions raikyaku ga aru and hito ga kuru can also be used in this context
+ 93)
oR
Used to refer to space and time Also used in economic contexts Example: Sonna mono kau yoyuu wa arimasen “I don't have the money to purchase such a thing.”
CHM" IAT
The word komu adds an implication of depth Agarikonde suggests the act of going into the furthest interiors of some- one’s home
Conversational The written Japanese
equivalent is .”o hanashi ni yoru to Shimbun ni yoru to is a similar example
ec) ba EtAn
Literally, it’s not impossible A remark which implies sympathy for the taxi driver aed âe2# ?'* Đ ẩ #7-b ‘If such (an unusual) event were to occur.” mai : = bò = sev38ã2)5C{?
A request to clarify the intention of a question Similar to the English “What do you mean by ?”
e®È\v*)(#tvc6#U
‘Not that important.” Example: Nayami to yuu hodo de mo nai kedo,chotto komatte iru koto ga arimasu “Although it’s not what you'd call a source of unhappiness, it is troubling me” This exercise has been recorded on the cassette coe) OOOO 4 Ø7#èvR 3 : EARANW ASX PI 2 5 Lreaa-anzyirur LARA sv) UP Oto, FU CORE H CL Swe »% đàm OTS, ARNLBOSAUO PBA Bb (reo bOR LBS tỦ=x—2bCOJAE£, 0202:2275 +33 FILS EOSRME UEOR ÔRlfEt TH BALL ,= h ® BG BA GI GoTKEMRO RSL
Gil : EISEN Te 3s 3 &v› REA CRAY
Trang 16hanashi ni yoru to S a similar example 2 mpossible A remark hy for the taxi driver ~ 5 sual) event were to fy the intention of a he English “What do
it.” Example: Nayami
edo,chotto komatte iru
though it’s not what of unhappiness, it is X*†FĐ 3; š t›, DRA (2 > EBSA hwo sO R + bE ba ¢ > os Lo 8B lo C X©O#%⁄Chh‡ 08 BA CIES2trCbBbe Bi &fE) š v3 °
pil : HHpigpey bye fio TRA
5, Hee EHS 3 SLO Mii HK
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1 mono-da-to omou
Example from the Main Text: .So |
we are informed by television and the |
newspapers International friendships | have blossomed at an incredible rate |
Note: This is an exercise in condensing reactions to news items into one para- graph Refer to the Grammar Notes sec- tion for a detailed explanation of how to use mono da
Practice A: Construct sentences accord- ing to the example
Example: international friendships have blossomed ~— international friendships have blossomed at an incredible rate
1 the world has become peaceful > 2 an interest in health has grown
stronger >
3 the activities of women have increased 4, personal interactions have grown more
complicated >
Practice B: According to the example, construct paragraphs beginning with the following passage and ending with the sentences you made in Practice A
DBA IwMoRbEDR EBS mA & 1, OFGLw PED AME LATE Do »5\› MÉO * t3 kZ1⁄29⁄8 2.1% 2— ZBICA Le + 2 #A?ìV/axx#LC\tv2á, +? RATYbS BRE Pel 3 KE > OSes HED L Khu R\tr3S?:> 4 ftkate OS OHTHHL Malte #AMBARLIRO
Example: The Prime Minister goes to Washington to meet the President, pays a visit to China; heads of state and VIPs from numerous countries come to Japan > The Prime Minister goes to Washington to meet President Reagan, pays a visit to China; heads of state and VIPs from numerous countries come to Japan Or so we are informed by a continu- ous stream of television programs and newspaper articles International friend- ships have blossomed at an incredible
rate
1 Exotic cuisine is becoming popular Restaurants with delicious food are acquiring good reputations >
2 Old people are jogging Housewives are playing basketball >
3 Companies consisting entirely of women have appeared Women are becoming company presidents > 4, Children bullied at school are com-
mitting suicide Elderly people who are lonely are committing suicide >
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2 toki-wa .koto-ga ooku natta
| Example from the Main Text: For | | meeting people, it appears that restau- | | rants and coffee houses have become | | increasingly popular
Practice A: Construct sentences accord- ing to the example
Example: Meeting people, restaurants and coffee houses > For meeting people, restaurants and coffee houses have become increasingly popular
1 accomplishing business, the telephone —
2 paying money, credit cards >
3 making payments, automatic bank deposits >
4, doing calculations, electronic calcula-
tors >
Practice B: According to the example, add the following phrases to the sentences you constructed in Practice A
Example: Having people over to the house — For meeting people, restaurants and coffee houses have become increasingly 16 N23 BA HAIG & 3 Bereihs Risik) AA Waar TREES 4, Het 2 Heo BB HL GoT KOMEMBAT
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LPP IU ED PSEA SEP EE PLY IN BE BPR BO EP 407407
popular Having people over to the house, it seems, has decreased
Writing letters >
Trang 18AA > TH: TU ir ly C KOXP MBAT OURS, ASL SUAS H32 + t?ì# (4? (3242 Cb2 > We er ar er 8 088 dle over to the house, ised
ley on one’s person > tors at one’s home > This exercise has been recorded on the cassette ec ae) Al UD fa, Bizz cee fo Adiewe, se #o B:#¿ö5t¿l*, FITH Re E¢ TS WALL LA
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Trang 1918 i»z fi #— | 1 From Dialogue I
A: It’s a fact that
B: Yes They certainly are
A: On the other hand, it looks like
B: You've got a point
Purpose of the Practice: A remarks on both the changes and constancies of a situation; B agrees with A’s opinions, and develops the conversation
Initially, A’s use of the phrase tashika ni makes B expect an opposing opinion, so B makes a brief remark of concurrance A then expresses some negative opinions, which he prefaces with dakedo B replies “Soo teba, soo desu ne,” and proceeds to affirm his speaker’s opinions with further remarks (These remarks are omitted below.)
How to Practice: Replace the underlined portions of the Basic Model
Basic Model
A: It’s a fact that (1) friendships between
countries are flourishing
B: Yes They certainly are (2) flourishing A: On the other hand, it looks like (3) per- sonal visits—entertaining and receiv- ing guests—are fewer
B: I agree
(Note that B’s first remark repeats the latter half of A’s statement.)
Replacement Phrases:
1 (1) The physiques of young people have improved (2) improved (3) they don’t have much strength
2 (1) Men are stylish (2) stylish (3) they don't have much individuality
3 (1) Public transportation is more con-
venient (2) convenient (3) fares
haven't decreased
4, (1) Sports are flourishing (2) flourish- ing (3) sports that don’t cost money have grown fewer
Applied Practice: B’s first line in the
Basic Model was a repetition of the final portion of A’s statement Next, add the fol- lowing phrases to the end of this repeti- tion
Example: Foreign heads-of-state are visit- ing Japan
1 Their legs have grown longer, too 2 They are keeping up with the latest
fashions, too
3 The vehicles look nicer, too
Trang 20t remark repeats the atement.) ses: ies of young people 2) improved (3) they strength sh (2) stylish (3) they individuality ortation is more con- nvenient (3) fares ed urishing (2) flourish- lat don’t cost money T
B’s first line in the repetition of the final vent Next, add the fol- he end of this repeti- eads-of-state are visit-
grown longer, too ig up with the latest k nicer, too icipating as well as heh | U Hier, RAE (IpP2z4, am ees ltt 2322, Ð #&O ñj2} È Ä†ub› ABMS UE (QE MLE ST RATTM, B:(3)20 LOMB OU RAD ETAD, ASCARID SSPOTH4OK B:ttt+*Ese#Đ5‡#4?»' 6Èbb06?›2C tì 2C, ÄA‡L2`à ñR RJ 1, 1)Ÿï=7+J—##S92 (238m (3)LO 2 From Dialogue II I'm all in favor of but what will we do about ? How about ? Even though ? It’s okay if it’s
ew don’t you think?
Purpose of the Practice: A expresses doubts about how to put B’s proposal into effect, listing a number of difficulties B remains optimistic, arguing that no prob- lems are involved Polite forms of address are used in this section; an example of a more informal interchange appears at left
How to Practice: Replace the underlined
portions of the Basic Model Basic Model
BS (Ata Aid)
PAA LL w LED] weer erser eens prime minister AM LOD 5 | CC oC eo iS leader M#EI[Lt@ k] -ssnhhhhhhhhne capital
AMAL MW LUA) oe metropolitan area PUBL L tt SB] ==ỉỉééẽớắẽ chief; president;
top of the class ee 2v l3x81 12184006346 head; neck HE d ĐT Son n2 3A clY thanh n pHườt hư Set Wok) 3, (DRT (QH Bris Be a (5) L Lav te ¢
SMO WO LLE SUELO MUD IO OM SES A RS A RES
I’m all in favor of (1) an introduction,
but what will we do about (2) space? How about (3) this room?
Even though (4) it’s a mess?
It’s okay if it’s (5) a little messy, don’t
you think?
eplacement Phrases
(1) having a party (2) the location (3) this room (4) small (5) is a little small 2 (1) inviting foreigners (2) communica- tion (3) using English (4) we’re poor at it (5) we’re poor at it
3 (1) going on a trip (2) meeting expenses (3) using the money we already have (4) it’s only a little (5) only a little Dee đ ơ 3 2 ® (22, RS) oe meeting; association
Set lore Le] T121 7 in a company
BrP [DP] cree conference, meeting 4# († 24)[?›t##A (4 4)] meeting, talk Bl (FA) [Pita (F4)] interview,
(press) conference
ee [ Dr SF Jeter eeees gathering
2ð” la 5] ni n n meeting place
Trang 2120
LYAY 5S
2ï [d Ñ bị] VOR CEREG SEBRE FEROS SSRN conversation
Sfe[o 65 £5] president; chairperson
atl pw Ww wv] 4'z)9'8)S|8:3/0/9)4|8/413)3)8 (Gi4!276:4/21à\(2ï& accounting ¡#2 | X ?›t ] Ta rốn parliament,
the Diet, congress
K&[tz2 mv] mass meeting, convention
HESS 5 Pro] sesso sect general meeting i#2[3 + 20m0} mở association, society ALA L Pdr] “mmrmrrrstrtee society; social
PIAA LBs Le] steseeeerncenes chairperson;
master of ceremonies
PRPS Shits] anna tsacaneenemee sees cease cans chance
#24[Š 4 3 ?*vx] khen church
BEA LAD] HHhttthdttrntnntsntrsrte banquet
^ 5 i) ( 5 )] AìtEL876i8i8lš' 7E /GIa)š1E78 828:8/'608⁄416)8/.6:8'8”8)40/018'858i8// meet
3, EỊ (tH, 4l, BRAY)
BRL < BA] oe the people, the nation
ea [ ở D | Tố steers state, country
FIA LS aur] cereeeeeeee the National Diet
[ElfZ[ z q 3 uw] 4:.587491933:58)8i:496182A-.918:8:876L82878: international
EiZ[#S2# 3| sms diplomatic relations
elec $ 3z 5 ] “~- monarch BW (2)[š ¿02 (Ø)] -;; >>: national
(park, etc.)
ELD ¿ X4] - domestically produced EUHRLS23#2] == national border E4[S ¢ 1EZ ]oveeeeeeeceeees national treasure
FLO (A ] ee the United Nations
YEE] [DF u> Zz ¢ ] 9 #9jIĐš Øi8/810/5 ĐI9/6I0 foreign country
2I[#š 4] throughout the country Pg SF) se naeeeneuee each country;
various countries
PAB Lab Ss ¢ | eeesercesoees various countries
POLY £ F< J seeecesete ses both countries
FER [tA LA â Â] +-advanced country, developed country
2 | a al eee country
E1: I0 10 5n England
KM [Sto fC] sinh United States
HRI wD 5 oC | ceteeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee sees China
##[EÍ[ >4 È ý ] che South Korea
4 & (4H Af)
#Hl[i›*o# (] se2e2⁄22222<⁄ each country; various countries
Sith < 6] each place; various places
THÊ (LQ) sen various kinds PVE LD?< LEG | seeesstereeess each Ministry
Biel dD ¢ b a) To n2 son roc ca toa vo each party
#~(##)[?› ( ~ (Cá 3) | ren each ~
(each station)
BR [WDD] cree each; respectively
5 A CRAY MAL AL RA)
A [ EA 3 ] sie`/5/661i6:8)80/8/9)38)8.4ï6)00a) He's population
ME | là 1ñ ôôố human rights ABS E AAA] Si)80468/3I65 810/8 Wileaie diene the people aT( CAD | =— human life
KABT (ỀÁ4P (BI, s6666 25151883/812s0saaee human life
NXi[UA 2 VY | nhhhhhhhhhtrthereeerree humankind
ASZZLUA 2 Gởi € ]sereereee anthropology
4T (Ø)[CÁ¿ 3 (Ø)] mẻ artificial
NIãÏ[tŠtƒ4] rrẽtẽẽrẽrẽrrrrrth human being
MAL t= A & | SiS SelSES RSs wie FS Gee me weeivieiee popularity
XMHẩI tứ bị 3Ï csssceemedee human feelings
AI LAU Al newcomer
`AL3ø5U HP job offer
##Á[ TP ÖÖÖ murder
tt [bs UA] crrtrttteetes eee ee khe re eve woman
BEALL, b A C A] 3)S⁄9)3iS10/316% šiS)8 S (41813 c273¡E s=isieimise neighbor
# AL® 5 CA] Si4ieiei4.DÌM:no'606701608)6:4/8:018)8 6:8 90618/6/8)8/606 friend
EHÁV[ Đ, Tý đ ]| 912985305 44kưát go00b28g838 acquaintance
#AL®t*UA] web lover
%AL2 DUCA] -“rrgtgghrrttsrtnntstte old person
MB ACL CA] cettet eee eee eee eeeee ees individual
WEA [Pur (A, ] seeseree vena eveenrcannseanaens adult
BALE 5 CA] o\eia(eieiniasnieiejelere\ainveleia\a/s}e wie Si0.6'a'etsteieisie VIP
WIR & FIA rere: ill person ñE,`[L £ 5 Ễ]<=s=eseeeseeeesssseanmee witness Bđ ÑÍ LL ¿#5 Ai] z#sAsexeanasssskagues merchant
SALE SEA] cm the person concerned BALO CÁ] serene a hundred people
Trang 22yee e eee ceeeee each country; place; various places " various kinds Miisleissisevees each Ministry KT each party ees each; respectively A, BA) population " human rights _ the people human life human life _ humankind [seerieeeee anthropology 2P artificial human being Ầ popularity Be tenets human feelings _ newcomer "“ job offer murder Brie (v02 666s6 neighbor 200007 friend _ “o]lđ person _ individual ill person _ : witness merchant the person concerned ` a hundred people
SK AE a nA] ie SOESY HONE ERO COR AEA next year
*H 6 “AT | TT next month
Dare Lø3] #©Xisis ý94IS5)98%69808/6/8ÿ next week ee LwA] aielehesnseretaiaiooniniaxoreereie next spring;
he beginning of next year
mite a L891929709)/88/61/816i48 16189411945 078i.406l6'81818/E visitor „ (†2)[6t%%£EĐ% (?2)]} se come to
Japan
ID II eoneoeenes since
ASK A 6 v>] Tinh Do the future
Jƒ2K[L + 35 6t*] the future; one's future
K 2 [ 4 (2 )] nhanh an nh come
HRS [CS (B) Je can be done; can do 7 Bal GATE, FAI ¢ )
orl [ L ABA] GS eee TORTS eee Rios Seis newspaper
See] [ \ ASA] Xi4h9I838181818/49011)41/278181818la381A information
Bị ¿[š (<¢)] OVS EDV AONE OER SATS ERAT W Rin lee's hear PIO 2ZSLS (2 2B)] cee can be heard
R MIA, A)
20#|?Ð% w | EOWG/4 ĐOWISS EÓ1104 tới home; household
"1 .ẽ eee family
4H[® e] ao dew aT SÌS/8i4 3iš/S'8)8i8ISÓ/6-Sf8 li6/4 SỈ 416/8 furniture
Kall UO] livelihood; family finances
Z[#'U] mm housekeeping, housework TRL CS 2d] nhớ state; nation; polity
BALD 5 d| ee re a farm family
(ER [ SS Dd] DRAGS GSR KORO ROOT writer, novelist
ye [ DID? | ee ki8/018/4 428'6)8/81803161808)8080808)8/8/814'E artist
ee oe ee s28.s.en a household; a family
BLP b Al li&i8ia\819/814t4 81418281 4ƒ418'298/8/818121Á9618-8) house rent Pale house; home 9 # (2, 3E)
SE 100 00 student
PERE D3 È 3] Hee “school
282 [П € L @] nhe scholar PPR DEC OD] creer school expenses SERB DT CUB] cee academic background
Fe [pope] oo academic association
MERI HTC LA] ceccetereessseeens school; campus
SRLD (BA) ce learning, scholarship;
academia
eee wp ẻ ] “nh medical sciences
IỆP | 0T € | 2628 1612sis6szne natural sciences
Be 5 2 ‹ ] Y2e`-4/2181814!4:/8:8218:Gfô/41i608 mathematics
Soe | And ] SHG SERS KCRG ains Beane cerniese literature
MES S[9w5H< (F4)] study abroad AFF SLi w 5H (4 4) Jenter a school F[P ds < ] night school, night course
os | STE (3) ] 3 šS)(€N-E4\§4(4IE444/ĐSIEN ARIZ Siew eres study 10, B (4, BAN) “eel at CL TT c scholar 8“ doctor VERS gc = | «Ìi406 8681814041064 00618)424 6/674 412452808 Đ7808/47e author #ZLb gL 2 | "ốc ốc author
ð4LÊ £ U®& | tớ a reader, the readers
208 | SL = | <@RUEE URES S3J4QG:908i904 ni8)9/68.4/2UN reporter
PINE (SU WO Le] eee e eset engineer #2? #L SAA 5 L = | €8)/4:405)8 4)§ sữa š(6i£ š.4j4/403)8/4 laborer
Te Le BD DL Jere omer om consumer
BES [ L Ữ = | “ốc the dead
WEP [PR Us Lm] khen victim
BEI PAL TP a patient
#{Lb@}] -etrrrhrrhntrnnrnnnnnrneneeneeesee a person
3®#[b+»: b9] 3?tdfašišug) giátd1eii|kisttig]8Đli408 Hiai8g2exsi4 a youth
11, MH OE, te)
WEE [DPU DC] nhe foreign country
EEA [dF u> = ‹ Ũ Al aiacerelate wererarereseere foreigner,
non-Japanese
HABE [dite te Lb 3b Joc eeeerere Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Z#LZZ[bŸt(xử 53] He diplomacy
PSR QW 2s] nữ suyannntsiniias outside, exterior
BAG [DIU dD] creeereeree eee eees foreign currency
HH 3|0 x2 Cý 4) [ren go out
SABES D> | © |sie:efi+1812381416i8i4k.0i8l2121e aiA'04881x481a)gialaleTela surgery;
the Surgical Department
LIL dF ur] ocanslwravararits| sterevore acute aretataye 608182238 other than #ZHtðUx] nưướ unexpected, surprising
#Zk[?› Wo Bw] L9 9:6 SH4T414:8'g0918 ats eiereiate eietniete era's overseas
RBM SDT] ceeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeees the suburbs fllD[TLvJIEUAI se-sieeaeeromeere.e exception
A z t] DLS WITS WSO CU Kewewuen series, outside; out
PRO ALIZD GÓI Ứ E] re other people,
Trang 23[byzy fase -: someone else 12, BCAA, 2 BHA)
Hã[4 5 uw] gi 3v28:5/4/9-41409)6i95/8/3)8/63)8.9 preparation
Hl&[ + 35 U] - a form; stationery #H (†2)[0 + 5 (C†2)]use; utilization H (†?2)[U+ 3 (†Z2)] employment {äH (†2)[U4~+ 3 (FS) ee trust; credit; confidence
FRALS WEF] ve adoption; employment #H[0+ 35] S/e:e\6:0s aie wieewiele wo we-eieniv ee cost; expense tí HỊ [tA đ 5 | aie Sisib oe's Wa Seine eins leiers exclusive use ~Hl (&#HI)[~x+ 35 (8S 06 £5)]
` for ~ (for a visitor)
@ Kanji Compounds Review _ BALSHOD LRHSRTS BÉAl‡#H#£OIETC† BH, HMORAL ES HS RAPHE BEL, PRET TG APRIL IIE, SHORRKOAS HY NI ORBAN Ew, REDD SOCHBSLTCET _ BAT RELY LOBE ~ RECBADUZOT, HL OHAWTASAEH hve wo wonnw & won — CS
1 The Prime Minister is going to have a
press conference after attending a meeting 2 My neighbor is a surgeon 3 I read the want ads of the newspaper every day 4 My friend went to the United States to study
5 Since one’s academic background is
valued highly today, it is difficult to pass entrance exams to universities
A mass consumers meeting was held
This hall is used by many people
I am preparing to receive a visitor
SoS
a]
=
House rents are high even in the suburbs 10 We have a sick person in the family, so
we can’t go out for a long time
ll I was asked to act as MC at the general meeting ll, BROAREROLNK, 12, EL POROMEDBAVRATSESLY, 13, SHOFSE RS RORFH INES fe, 14 HOMARBK CARMA BZ 57, 15, RMLEBVOD<, 16 AFUR, SBORSUHT US, 17, WRLAMBESECIRG LB tO’, 18, MAND ULAR > TAMER 19 ø2#Al4⁄% IS £ 3 1#, 20 6@O#El+L#A21HXC, #iE€T? Ca £ 5 re
12 It seems that the king or a VIP of a
country is coming to Japan
13 Mathematicians from various countries
participated in today’s academic meeting 14 That new star seems to be popular with
young people
15 I have to attend many banquets next week
16 I have attended a variety of meetings since entering college
17 I want to study anthropology in the future
18 If I have the opportunity, I’d like to go abroad to learn about new things
19 That old man was once a famous artist, I heard