Geography and Oceanography - Chapter 19 docx

Using Gliders to Monitor Oregon’s Using Gliders to Monitor Oregon’s Coastal Ocean Coastal Ocean OSU Glider Group: Kipp Shearman, Jack Barth, Anatoli Erofeev, Tristan Peery, OSU Glider Group: Kipp Shearman, Jack Barth, Anatoli Erofeev, Tristan Peery, Justin Brodersen and Laura Rubiano-Gomez Justin Brodersen and Laura Rubiano-Gomez • Autonomous Underwater Autonomous Underwater Gliders Gliders • Describe the OSU glider Describe the OSU glider operations operations • What are we learning? What are we learning? • The Future of Ocean Observing The Future of Ocean Observing Kipp Shearman Kipp Shearman College of Oceanic & Atmospheric Sciences College of Oceanic & Atmospheric Sciences Oregon State University Oregon State University What’s a glider? What’s a glider? • Autonomous underwater vehicle – a robot! Autonomous underwater vehicle – a robot! • Flies by changing its buoyancy Flies by changing its buoyancy – takes on water, becomes heavy and sinks – wings turn vertical motion into forward motion – expels water, becomes light and rises – flies saw tooth pattern through the ocean – from the surface to 3 m off bottom (200 m max) • Slow, but can stay out a long time Slow, but can stay out a long time – ½ - 1 knot – 3-4 week endurance • GPS for positioning GPS for positioning • Communicates to home by Iridium satellite phone Communicates to home by Iridium satellite phone • Collects same data you would on a research vessel at a fraction of Collects same data you would on a research vessel at a fraction of the cost the cost – Research vessel: approx. $20K/day – Glider: $100K to buy + $200/day (batteries + communications + techs) – 400 days of glider operation: 400 days x $20K/day – ($100K+400 days x $200/day) = $7.8 million saved! 400 days x $20K/day – ($100K+400 days x $200/day) = $7.8 million saved! CTD CTD Optical Sensors Optical Sensors (Chl, CDOM and (Chl, CDOM and Backscatter) Backscatter) Pitch Batteries Pitch Batteries Science Bay Science Bay Displacement Pump Displacement Pump Glider Control and Glider Control and more batteries more batteries Air bladder Air bladder Aanderaa Optical Aanderaa Optical Dissolved Oxygen Dissolved Oxygen sensor sensor GPS, Iridium and GPS, Iridium and Freewave Antennae Freewave Antennae in tail fin in tail fin Webb Slocum Electric Glider Webb Slocum Electric Glider 7 ft long 7 ft long 100 lbs in air 100 lbs in air Glider Bob Glider Bob February February 2005 2005 Bob Smith Bob Smith Jane Huyer Jane Huyer Glider Jane Glider Jane June 2005 June 2005 The OSU Glider Fleet The OSU Glider Fleet Two Webb gliders Two Webb gliders 200 m depth 200 m depth 3 week deployment 3 week deployment SeaGlider (Aug 2007) SeaGlider (Aug 2007) 1000 m depth 1000 m depth 6 month deployment 6 month deployment Two new SeaGliders Two new SeaGliders (Jul 2008) (Jul 2008) Newport Line Newport Line • 90 km cross-shelf 90 km cross-shelf • Strong currents (50+ cm/s) Strong currents (50+ cm/s) • Complex Bathymetry Complex Bathymetry • Historical Observations Historical Observations (1950s) (1950s) Umpqua River Line Umpqua River Line • Summer 2007 Summer 2007 Apr 2006 – May 2010 Apr 2006 – May 2010 • 1275 glider-days 1275 glider-days • 32,388 km 32,388 km • 481 cross-shelf 481 cross-shelf sections sections • 125,283 vertical profiles 125,283 vertical profiles OSU Glider Operations OSU Glider Operations Glider Sections Glider Sections 2-5 days per section 2-5 days per section 100 – 500 m along track resolution 100 – 500 m along track resolution 0 to ~3 mab (200 m max) 0 to ~3 mab (200 m max) Surface every 6 hrs to get GPS fix, Surface every 6 hrs to get GPS fix, download data and receive new download data and receive new instructions (via Iridium) instructions (via Iridium) 21 day endurance 21 day endurance Also measures CDOM fluorescence Also measures CDOM fluorescence and average currents and average currents Salinity T (°C) Chlorophyll (μg/L) Backscatter (1/m) Dissolved Oxygen (mL/L) May 05 – 10, 2006 May 05 – 10, 2006 Real-Time Glider Data Students and Gliders Students and Gliders Rice The Oregonian Sept 20, 2006 Oregon Field Guide, Episode 1707 Oregon Field Guide, Episode 1707 Our 15 minutes of fame. Our 15 minutes of fame. [...]... drops emergency weight April 5-8 April 1 719 April 1 9-2 3 April 27-May 1 May 1-5 May 5-1 0 What do Glider Observations Reveal about Hypoxia on the Oregon Shelf? ODF&W hypoxia Near-bottom Oxygen Levels 2006 - 2009 2009 2008 2007 2006 Anomalous changes in wind forcing in 2006 Equatorward, Upwelling favorable Cumulative wind stress since Spring Transition Twice the amount of upwelling-favorable wind in 2006 Barth/Pierce... on the Oregon shelf Winds, Ekman Transport and Coastal Upwelling Northerly winds Offshore Ekman transport Upwelling brings deep water to the surface near the coast Deep water cold, nutrient rich and oxygen poor Summer vs Winter along the US west coast blue = cold red = warm The Oregonian July 25, 199 6 mg/m³ upwelled nutrients feed phytoplankton courtesy of Andy Thomas (U Maine) Phytoplankton feed copepods... again Jane and Bob together for CROOS collaboration Jane off New Jersey Bob springs a leak Jane drops emergency weight First mission; We fly till Bob runs out of batteries 2008 Season: 2-4 gliders Winter starts early Bob disappears for 8 days!! Bob meets UO fans Jane Starts Umpqua River Line, springs leak Jane surf rescue! Winter – get data when weather allows March 2007 Surf Rescue Dan and Ollie save . Shearman, Jack Barth, Anatoli Erofeev, Tristan Peery, Justin Brodersen and Laura Rubiano-Gomez Justin Brodersen and Laura Rubiano-Gomez • Autonomous Underwater Autonomous Underwater Gliders Gliders • Describe. (Chl, CDOM and (Chl, CDOM and Backscatter) Backscatter) Pitch Batteries Pitch Batteries Science Bay Science Bay Displacement Pump Displacement Pump Glider Control and Glider Control and more. batteries more batteries Air bladder Air bladder Aanderaa Optical Aanderaa Optical Dissolved Oxygen Dissolved Oxygen sensor sensor GPS, Iridium and GPS, Iridium and Freewave Antennae Freewave Antennae