PART 1: Strategies for sentences about photographs 1. Always complete each item as quickly as possible so that you can preview the photograph for the next item. Don’t wait for the statement that says, “Now look at photograph number ______” 2. If you are previewing a photograph that involves a person or people, ask yourself these questions What are the people doing? Where are they? Who are they? (Is there a uniform or a piece of equipment or anything else that indicates their profession or role?) What distinguishes them? (Is there a hat, a mustache, a purse, a pair of glasses, a tie or anything else that differentiates the people?) What do the people’s expressions tell you? (Do they look happy? Unhappy? Excited? Bored? Upset?) 3. If you are previewing a photograph of an object, ask yourself these questions What is it? What is it made of? What is it used for? Where is it? 4. I If you are previewing a photograph of a scene, ask yourself these questions Where is it? What is in the foreground (the front of the picture)? What – if anything – is happening? What is in the background (the distant part of the picture)? 5. Don’t mark an answer until you have heard all four choices. When you hear a choice that you think is correct, rest your pencil on that oval on your answer sheet. If you change your mind and hear a sentence that you think is better, move your pencil to that choice. Once you have heard all four sentences, mark the oval that your pencil is resting on. (This technique helps you remember which choice you think is best.) 6. Try to eliminate choices with problems in Sound Meaning Sound & Meaning 7. Never leave any blanks. Always guess before going on to the next item. 8. As soon as you have finished marking the answer, stop looking at and thinking about the photograph and move on to the next item. 1 PART II: Strategies for Questions/Responses 1. Identifying time Words you might hear in the questions Words you might hear in the answers - When did …. - When will/ is/ is …expected, due / be… V-ing/ can - How long - What time - yesterday/ last/ ago/ in (month, year)/ this morning… - at + time/ tomorrow/next/ in …/ this afternoon/ on (date) - for/since/ over …. - at… - When did Christopher arrive? - When will the advertising seminar begin? - When is Maria’s birthday? - When was Mr. Chen born? - When will my laundry be ready? - When does Mr. Gustavson predict the construction of the building will be finished? - How long will this session last? - How long has the photocopying machine been out of order? - What time does your flight leave? - What time is the news on television? - Last Wednesday. - At two o’clock sharp. - On March 3. - In 1953. - In about two hours. - In about a month. - For another hour, perhaps. - Since 10:00 this morning. - At 7:30. - It’s on at 11. 2. Identifying people Words you might hear in the questions Words you might hear in the answers - Who - Whose - Name/ Occupation title - A man/woman … who …. - Possessive case (It’s + name’s) - Who will go with you on the business trip? - Who’s the new chef at the Fontaine’s bakery? - Who did Mrs. Martelli pick to fill the position? - Who can deliver this memo to Mr. Wantanabe for me? - Who’s going to pick him up at the station? - Whose coffee cup is this on my desk? - Whose scarf is this? - Ms. Preston - A man who worked at the Central Pastry Shop. - A young intern from the marketing department was chosen. - I can do it when I’ve finished typing this letter. - I was planning to. - I was wondering where I left it! - It’s Fran’s. 2 3. Identifying a thing, an action or idea Words you might hear in the questions Words you might hear in the answers - What …? - What kind/type of Something (…) I don’t know - What do you think I should wear to the party - What is the fine for overdue books? - What was that loud noise I just heard? - What kind of work does Ms. Garcia do? - What kind of novel do you like? - What’s the name of the travel agency this company uses? - What are your total production figures for this factory? - What do you plan to do when school is finished? - What do you estimate your firm’s profit will be in December? - A suit and a tie. - It’s ten cents a day. - I don’t know. - She’s a computer programmer. - I prefer adventure stories. - I think it’s called All Points Travel. - Over 1000 units a week. - Work for my father. - Optimistically speaking, about 20 percent. 4. Identifying an opinion Words you might hear in the questions Words you might hear in the answers - How - What’s your opinion of …? - Do you think Tom will ….? - What do you think of ….? Adjectives: great/ good/ terrific/ excellent / wonderful/ happy/ busy/ terrible/ boring… Verbs: love/like/enjoy/prefer/believe/ Expressions: It’s a good/great idea - How did you like that new movie? - What do you think of Scott Graham’s latest novel? - What do you think of your new supervisor? - I enjoyed it, but my husband didn’t. - It’s terrific. - I don’t know her well enough to say. 5. Identifying a choice 3 Words you might hear in the questions Words you might hear in the answers - …. A or B? - …. prefer? - … like better? A/B will be repeated in the answer choice Neither one/Both, please Either one Note: The speaker can offer a third option - Which does that artist produce more of – paintings or sculptures? - Will you arrive in the morning or the evening? - Do you want milk or sugar in your coffee? - Should I wait here at the counter or follow you back to the warehouse? - What do you think, plain or patterned carpet in the waiting room? - Will the conference be held here or at the headquarters? - Should they move the file cabinet to the right or over by the copy machine? - Shall I put this file on your desk or back in the filing cabinet? - Can you locate the files on the merger, or should I ask Mr. Chan to do it? - Lately, she has been doing a lot of paintings. - In the morning, I think. - Neither one. - Oh, come with me please. - Either one is fine with me. - It’s scheduled for this building. - I think it looks good where it is. - I’ll take it. - I’ll have them ready for you in a minute. 6. Identifying an invitation, offer, request Words you might hear in the questions Words you might hear in the answers - Why don’t we …? - Why don’t you…? - Don’t you want to ? - I was wondering if you’d like to …. - Let’s …. - What/How about ….? - Shouldn’t we/ Shall we …? - Would/Wouldn’t you like me to ….? - Can I…? - Couldn’t you …? OK I’d love to! Of course Sure That sounds like fun/ That’s a good idea/ Great, … Yes, please (accept the offer) No, thanks …. (turn down the offer) Thank you, but …( turn down the offer) Sorry, I’ve already made plans/ I have other plans. …( turn down the offer) Sorry, but ……( turn down the offer) - Would you like to join us for a game of tennis? - Would you like to order a calendar for next year? - Shall we send you a reminder for your - We’d love to – thanks! - Thanks, but I already have one - Yes, that would be helpful. 4 next dental appointment? - Why don’t we go out this evening? - Why don’t we take the earlier train home? - How about a movie when we finish up here? - Would you mind opening you bag so I can inspect it, sir? - Don’t you want to go to the reception for Miss Gunther? - I was wondering if you’d like to join us for dinner this evening? - Couldn’t you stop at the post office today? - What about visiting the flower show over the weekend? - - Sorry, I’ve already made plans - Great, I’m exhausted. - That’s a good idea. - Not at all - Sorry, but I’m not feeling well. - Sorry, I have other plans. - I might have time after lunch. - Wednesday afternoon would be better for me. 7. Identifying a reason Words you might hear in the questions Words you might hear in the answers - Why To do sth Because/ Because of Note: An implied reason ( usually a certain problem) can be given - Why is this train running late? - Why didn’t you let us know you’d be late? - Why did the board of directors change its policy? - Why did the meeting begin so early? - Why didn’t Mr. Danforth bring the situation to the attention of his supervisor? - Why didn’t you get to work on time? - Why does Ms. Ortiz want to see the invoices? - I think there are mechanical problems. - I couldn’t find a phone. - There had been too many complaints. - Everyone was in a hurry. - He though he could handle it himself - The traffic was terrible. - There’s a problem with the shipment. 5 8. Identifying a description Words you might hear in the questions Words you might hear in the answers - What is … like? - What does ….look like? - an adjective or adjectives - What are your new co-workers like? - What’s the weather like here in the winter? - They seem very pleasant - It’s cool and often rainy 9. Identifying manner or a method Words you might hear in the questions Words you might hear in the answers - How will/can ? - By ( a means of transport …) - With … - How will you get to work tomorrow? - How can we be sure that the order will arrive on time? - How can I get more letterhead and envelopes? - How do you handle inquiries? - I’ll get my car back from the mechanic. - Express service is very reliable. - Contact Ms. McKay in the stockroom. - I send out this pamphlet. 10. Identifying a location Words you might hear in the questions Words you might hear in the answers - Where…? - How far …? - Names of the places - Prepositions of places (in/ next to/ near/ beside/ under/ over/ on/ on top of/ at/ from/ behind/ right/ left/ downtown / at the end of… - … minutes away/ walk/drive - … km - Where should we meet so we can all go to the game together? - Where are you staying ion Paris? - Where did Maria leave the Oceanview contract? - How far would you say Conrad Park is from here? - Let’s meet at the stadium entrance. - At the Grand Hotel. - She put it in Ms. Garcia’s mailbox. - It’s about 10-minute walk. 11. Yes/No Questions & Tag Questions 6 Words you might hear in the questions Words you might hear in the answers - Do/Does/Did/ Have….? - Don’t/ Doesn’t/ Didn’t …? - Yes /No/ Not - Have they delivered our lunch yet? - Has the director already left? - Didn’t anyone train the new employee to use the copier? - Did you ask them what time their flight would arrive? - Your managing director resigned yesterday, didn’t he? - Wilma gets reimbursed for the cost of driving her car to the meting, doesn’t she? - This new product should sell well, shouldn’t it? - You want me to retype this document, don’t you? - You don’t want to start a new project this late in the day, do you? - Yes, it’s here. - Yes, he had an appointment. - Mike showed him everything works. - No, I didn’t think of it. - Yes, it was quite a surprise. - Yes, but she has to submit a claim form. - Yes, it is priced fairly. - I would appreciate it - I still have time 7 . PART 1: Strategies for sentences about photographs 1. Always complete each item as quickly as possible so that you can preview the photograph for the next item. Don’t wait for the statement. before going on to the next item. 8. As soon as you have finished marking the answer, stop looking at and thinking about the photograph and move on to the next item. 1 PART II: Strategies for. down the offer) - Would you like to join us for a game of tennis? - Would you like to order a calendar for next year? - Shall we send you a reminder for your - We’d love to – thanks! - Thanks,