ĐỀ ÔN TUYỂN SINH VÀO LỚP 10 Đ15

ÔN TậP TIếNG ANH 9 ôn tập tiếng anh 9 Học kỳ ii( ÔN THI CHUYểN CấP) A- THEORY THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE 1-Formula a. Affirmative: I, you, we, they + have + PP He, she, it + has +PP Note: PP = past participle (quỏ kh phõn t) ( =V-ed: V cú quy tc, =V3: V bt quy tc) b. Negative: I, you, we, the + have not (havent) + PP He, she, it + has not ( hasnt) + PP c. Interrogative: Have + I, you, we, they + P.P ? Has + he, she, it + P.P ? 2-Use a. Mt hnh ng bt u trong quỏ kh nhng cũn tip tc n hin ti hoc tng lai. Thng i vi: since (t khi); for (c bao lõu). Ex1: She has lived here since 1987 Ex2: They have swum for 1 hour b. Mt hnh ng xy ra trong quỏ kh, khụng xỏc nh rừ thi gian. Thng i vi: already, ever ( before), never (before), not, yet, several times, many times Ex1: Shes been to Japan several times. Ex2: I have never worked in that company before. c. Mt hnh ng va mi xy ra. Thng i vi: lately, just, recently, in recent weeks/ months / years Ex1: My uncle has just come back form Americ Ex2: They have done the assignment in recent weeks. THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE 1-Formula a. Affirmative Subject + V-ed/ V2 ( V cú quy tc: V+ ed; V bt quy tc; ly ct th 2 trong bng ng t bt quy tc) b. Negative Diêu Anh Tuấn - THCS Nghĩa Mỹ - Thị Xã Thái Hoà - Nghệ An ÔN TậP TIếNG ANH 9 Subject + did not (didnt) + bare-infinitive c. Interrogative. Did + subject + bare-infinitive ? Note: The simple past form of to be * Affirmative: You, we, they + were ; I, he, she, it + was * Negative You, we, they + were not (werent ) I, he, she, it + was not (wasnt) * Interrogative Were + you, we, they ? Was + he, she, it ? 2-Use a. Mt hnh ng ó hon tt ti mt thi im no ú trong quỏ kh. Thng i vi: yesterday, last ( last week, last year ), ago (3 days ago, ), in 1999, in 1987 Ex1: She was here yesterday. Ex2: They didnt learn Chinese 3 year ago. b. Mt thúi quen quỏ kh. Ex1: They often went fishing when they lived in the country. Ex2: Jack always got up at 3:00 am last year. c. Mt hnh ng ó hon tt trong mt khong thi gian xỏc nh trong quỏ kh ( from to ) Ex: From 1981 to 1983, my older brother worked as a journalist PASSIVE VOICE 1-Gerund rule Active: S + V + O Passive: S +to be + PP +( by +O) Động từ chính của câu chủ động ở thì nào thì tobe phải chia ở thì đó Diêu Anh Tuấn - THCS Nghĩa Mỹ - Thị Xã Thái Hoà - Nghệ An ÔN TậP TIếNG ANH 9 (PP: Past participle) Note: - t t cõu ch ng thỡ (tense) hay th (form) no thỡ be cõu b ng thỡ hay th ú. - Khi ta khụng xem ngi thc hin hnh ng (does) l quan trng, thỡ by object cú th b i. ( eg. does=personal pronoun: he, she, they, we, people; no-one ) Example: a.The simple present She cleans the floor everyday. ( S + V / Vs / es ) Passive: The floor is cleaned everyday. (S + am/is/are/ +PP ) b.The present continous. Mr.Baker is repairing the car Passive: the car is being repaired by Mr Baker. ( S + am/ is/ are + being + PP ) c.The present perfect Someone has stolen the bicycles ( S+ has/have + P.P ) Passive: The bicycles have been stolen ( S+ has/have + been + PP ) d.The simple past Where did they find the drugs ? ( S + V2/ V-ed) Passive: where were the drugs found ? ( S+ was/ were + PP ) e.The past continuous They were preparing luch when I came there yesterday (S+was/were + V-ing ) Passive: Luch was being prepared when I came there yesterday.( S+ was/ were + being + PP ) f. The past perfect She had written almost ten pages by 3:00 pm. ( S+ had + PP ) Passive: Almost ten pages had been written by 3:00 p.m (S+ had been + PP ) g. Will/ would, shall/ should, can/ could, may/might must, have to, be going to, used to, Active: S+ will/would, shall/ should + bare-infinitive + object Passive: S + will/would, shall/shoul + be + past participle (+ by object). Ex: Police will destroy these drugs. Diêu Anh Tuấn - THCS Nghĩa Mỹ - Thị Xã Thái Hoà - Nghệ An ÔN TậP TIếNG ANH 9 Passive: the drugs will be destroyed by police. 2-Special cases a. Active: s1+ verb1( say/believe/think ) (that) +S2+verb2 Passive: Cỏch 1: It + be + PP (verb1) + s2 + verb2 Cỏch 2: S2+ be+ PP (verb1) + to- infinitive (verb2) Ex: People say that he is crazy. Passive: It said that he is crazy He is said to be crazy. b. Negatives Ex1: No-one has cleaned the floor lately. Passive: The floor hasn t been cleaned lately Ex2: We didnt do anything about it. Passive: Nothing was done about it. c. Who + V + object ? Passive: - By whom ? - Who by ? Ex: Who wrote this novel ? Passive: - By whom was this novel written ? - Who was this novel written by ? d. It + be + adjective + to-infinitive + sth Passive: It + be + adjective + for sth + to be + PP Ex: It is important to finish this exercise. It is important for this exercise to be finished e. Bare-infinitive + object Passive: Let + object + be + PP S + be + allowed / advised/asked/ supposed/ + to infinitive Ex1: Please open the door Let the door be opened Diêu Anh Tuấn - THCS Nghĩa Mỹ - Thị Xã Thái Hoà - Nghệ An ÔN TậP TIếNG ANH 9 Ex2: Turn on the light You are supposed to turn on the light. f. Causative form ( thc mnh lnh) Active: - She + have + sb+ bare-infinitive + st - S + get + sb + to- infinitive + sth Passive: - S + have + sth + PP - S + get + sth + PP Ex1: She has had someone repaint the car She has had the car repainted Ex2: They got me to do the housework They got the housework done. RELATIVE CLAUSE Introduction ( gii thiu). Mnh quan h/ mnh tớnh t l mnh ph trong cõu (khụng th ng riờng mt mỡnh). Nú bt u bng: a. relative pronouns (i t quan h) : WHO, WHOM, WHICH, WHOSE, THAT. b relative adverbs (trng t liờn h) : WHERE, WHEN, WHY. Ex1: A man who dares to do it dares to do anything. Ex2: We talked to the man who was from Beijing. 1-WHO * Thay cho danh t, i t ch ngi, cú chc nng ca mt ch t. * Lu ý Who trong cu trỳc: Noun/ pronoun (person) + who + verb Ex1: The man has met your boss.He come from Italy. subject The man who comes from Italy has met your boss relative clause Ex2: We have met the girl. She studies in the shool. We have met the girl who studies in the school. relative clause Diêu Anh Tuấn - THCS Nghĩa Mỹ - Thị Xã Thái Hoà - Nghệ An ÔN TậP TIếNG ANH 9 2-WHOM * Thay cho danh t/ i t ch ngi, cú chc nng ca mt i t. * Lu ý: Whom trong cu trỳc. Noun / pronoun + whom + subject + verb Ex1: We like the man. You talked to him yesterday. object We like the man whom you talked to yesterday relative clause Ex2: Is that the man ?. You have been waiting for him. object Is that the man whom you have been waiting for ? relative clause 3-WHOSE * Thay th cho s hu cỏch (possessive cases) * Xut hin trong hai cu trỳc. - noun/ pronoun + whose + noun + verb - noun/ pronoun whose + noun + subject + verb Ex1: The girl looks disappoited. Her examination result its so bad. The girl whose examination result is so bad looks disappointed. Ex2: That is the girl. I took her hat by mistake yesterday. That is the girl whose hat I took by mistake yesterday. 4-WHICH * Thay th cho danh t, a t ch vt * Cú th lm ch t hoc i t * Lu ý cỏc cu trỳc. - noun / pronoun + which + verb - noun/ pronoun + which + subject + verb Ex1: She show me the table. It was made by her father. She shows me the table which was made by her father. Ex2: Do you like this car ? Mr. Tan bought it last month. Do you like this car, which Mr.Tan bought last month ? Note: Which cú th c s dng thay th cho mt mnh ng trc nú (= and this/ and that) Ex: Tom is so lazy, and this makes Mrs. Green worried. Tom is so lazy, which makes Mrs. Green worried. Diêu Anh Tuấn - THCS Nghĩa Mỹ - Thị Xã Thái Hoà - Nghệ An ÔN TậP TIếNG ANH 9 5-WHERE * Thay cho trng t, cm trng ng ch ni chn (place) (eg.here, there, in that place ) * Thng xut hin trong cu trỳc: noun/ pronoun ( = a place) + where + subject + verb Ex: We visit the hospital. We were born there/in that hospital We visit the hospital where we were born. 6-WHEN * Thay cho trng t, cum t ch thi gian (time) (on that day, in the year ) * Thng xut hin trong cu trỳc : noun / pronoun (= time ) + when + subject + verb Ex: She will never forget the day. She first met him on that day She will never forget the day when she first met him CONDITIONAL SENTENCES 1-iu kin cú th xy ra hin ti hoc tng lai (KI) ( possible condition at present or in future ) If clause : simple present Main clause : will/shall/can/may + bare-infinitive Ex1: If it rain, we wont go for a picnic Ex2: Our natural resources will disappear if we do not conserve them Notes: - Ta cú th s dng mnh lnh mnh chớnh. Ex: If you drink, dont drive - Ta cú th s dng should mnh iu kin t ý nghi ng. Ex: If he should call, tell him I will ring back. - Dng rỳt gn mnh iu kin (if possible, if necessary, if so ) Ex: If necessary, I will help you. -Ta cú th s dng dng mnh lnh thay cho mnh ch iu kin. Trong trng hp ny, gia hai mnh thng cú cỏc liờn t nh sau: and, or, else, otherwise. 2-iu kin khụng xy ra hin ti (K II) (present unreal condition ) Main clause: would/could/might + bare-infinitive If clause: simple present Ex1: If she had wings, she would fly to an island Ex2: He would build more houses if he were a king. Diêu Anh Tuấn - THCS Nghĩa Mỹ - Thị Xã Thái Hoà - Nghệ An ÔN TậP TIếNG ANH 9 Note: - If I were you/I were in your position c s dng khuyờn nh. Ex: If I were you, I would accept the invitation ( = You should accept the invitation ). - Were to + bare infinitive cú th c s dng thay th ng t simple past trong mnh ch iu kin Ex: If I were to ask him nicely, he would help us. GERUND The gerund is used as a subject, a complement, an object of a verb or an object of a preposition ( danh ng t c s dng nh mt ch ng, b tỳc t, tỳc t ca mt ng t, hay tỳc t ca mt gii t) Ex1: Seeing is believing ( S= gerund) Ex2: Her hobby is listening to music ( complement = gerund) Ex3: They have finished doing exercises ( object = gerund) Ex4: We are font of playing football (Object of an preposition = gerund) Note: Danh ng t theo sau cỏc ng t: to enjoy, to mind, to avoid, to finish, to practise, to suggest, to postpone, to delay, to imagine, cant help/stand Lu ý cỏch s dng ca cỏc ng t : Forget + to-infinitive : quờn (s/ phi) lm gỡ Forget + ing : quờn ó lm vic gỡ. Ex1: She forgets being taken to the zoo by her father when she was six Ex2: Dont forget to shut the door before leaving. Remember + to-infinitive : nh ( s/ phi) lm gỡ; Remember + V-ing : nh ó lm gỡ Ex1: They always remember going to cinema together. Ex2: They remember to have a test on Wendnesday. Stop + to-infinitive : dng ( mt vic) li lm gỡ; Stop + V- ing : dng lm mt vic gỡ. Ex1: This moring , I saw Mr.Pike in the street, so I stopped to greet him Ex2: The teacher asked us to stop talking Need + to- infinitive: cn lm gỡ ( active); Need + V-ing: cn c ( passive) Ex1: We need to repair the car. Ex2: The car needs repairing. - Lu ý cu trỳc: a. S + spend + time + V-ing = It + take + s.b + time + to-inf Diêu Anh Tuấn - THCS Nghĩa Mỹ - Thị Xã Thái Hoà - Nghệ An ÔN TậP TIếNG ANH 9 b. To-inf/ V-ing + be + adj/ noun = It + be + adj/ noun + to-inf = S + V+ it + adj / noun + to-inf CLAUSE OF REASON +Mnh ch lý do l mnh ph bt u bng cỏc liờn t ch lý do nh BECAUSE, AS, SINCE. Ba ch ny u cú ngha vỡ, bi vỡ nhng cỏch dựng khỏc nhau. Vớ d: a) Because - Because he was sleepy, he went to bed. He went to bed because he was sleepy. Anh y i ng vỡ anh y bun ng. Mnh ph cú ch because cú th ng trc hoc sau mnh chớnh. Tuy nhiờn phi chỳ ý nu mnh ph i trc phi cú du phy (,) ngn cỏch nú vi mờnh chớnh b) As - As she was free, she came to see me. Vỡ cụ y rnh ri, cụ y n thm tụi. c) Since - Since he doesnt like music, he never goes to the concert Vỡ anh y khụng thớch nhc, anh y khụng bao gi i xem ho nhc. Mnh since v as luụn ng trc mnh chớnh. +Ngoi ra, ng ngha vi Because, As v Since cũn cú Now that, So/ As Long As v Inasmuch As. Vớ d: a) Now that = Because now - Now that Peggy has a car, she can drive to school. Vỡ gi õy Peggy cú xe ri, cụ y cú th lỏi xe i hc. Now that c dựng cho tỡnh hung hin ti v tng lai ( present and future situations). Mnh ph Now that luụn ng trc mnh chớnh. b) So/ As Long As - As long as ( So long as) youre not busy. Can you help me ? Vỡ bn khụng bn rn, bn cú th giỳp tụi ? c) Inasmuch as Thng c dựng trong vn vit trnh trng (formal writing ). - Inasmuch as the two governments could not reach an agreement, the possiblities for peace is still remote. Vỡ hai chớnh ph khụng th i n mt s nht trớ, kh nng ho bỡnh vn cũn xa. Diêu Anh Tuấn - THCS Nghĩa Mỹ - Thị Xã Thái Hoà - Nghệ An ÔN TậP TIếNG ANH 9 +Ngoi cỏc liờn t ph thuc ( Subordinating Conjuctions) nh Because, Since, As, Now that, As long as, Inasmuch as chỳng ta cũn mt liờn t kt hp ( Co-ordinating conjuctions) FOR ch lý do. * Liờn t kt hp l liờn t ni hai mnh c lp (independent clauses) v khụng dựng u cõu. Vớ d: - I phoned her, for I wanted to tell her about her exam. Tụi gi in cho cụ y vỡ tụi mun núi vi cụ y v k thi ca cụ y. +Mnh ch lý do cũn cú th i ra cm t ch lý do ( phrases of reason) vi because of hoc due to. Vớ d: - Because the weather was cold, we stayed home. Because of the cold weather, we stayed home. Due to the cold weather, we stayed home. Vỡ thi tit lnh, chỳng tụi nh. Because v Because of Because v Because of u cú ngha l bi vỡ nhng chỳng c dựng vi cu trỳc khỏc nhau. a ) Because l mt liờn t (Conjunction), theo sau nú l mt mnh (Clause). Vớ d: - Because the traffic was heavy, we were late for the meeting. S V Vỡ xe c ụng ỳc, chỳng tụi n bui hp tr. b) Because of l nhúm gii t ( Prepositional phrase), theo sau nú l mt cm danh t ( noun phrase) Vớ d: - Because of the heavy traffic, we were late for the meeting. B-PRACTICE Conditional Sentences VIT LI CU 1. You got into so much trouble because you didnt listen to me. If_________________________________________________________ 2. There are so many bugs in the room because there isnt a screen on the window. If_________________________________________________________ 3. He is busy right now. So, he cant help them. If_________________________________________________________ 4. I cant make all of my own meals because I am not good at cooking. If_________________________________________________________ Diêu Anh Tuấn - THCS Nghĩa Mỹ - Thị Xã Thái Hoà - Nghệ An [...]... operated Tom since 10 o’clock → _ 100 This is the second time they have written to us about this → _ 101 Mr Smith has taught us French for 2 years → _ 102 They didn’t look after the children properly → _ 103 Nobody swept this street last week → _ 104 People drink a... _ 105 People speak English all over the world → _ 106 Tom was writing 2 poems → _ 107 She often takes her dog for a walk → _ 108 How many lessons are you going to learn next month? → _ Diªu Anh Tn - THCS NghÜa Mü - ThÞ X· Th¸i Hoµ - NghƯ An ¤N TËP TIÕNG ANH 9 109 She didn’t introduce... từ này nối 2 vế có quan hệ phụ thuộc Một số liên từ nối 2 mệnh đề có thể được thay thế bằng các cụm giới từ tương đương Ví dụ although có thể được thay thế bằng in spite of hoặc despite, owing to thay cho because Nhưng lưu ý rằng khi thay thể liên từ bằng giới từ thì sau nó khơng còn là mệnh đề nữa mà phải là danh từ/ đại từ/ danh động từ Đề thi đại học thường u cầu các em lựa chọn giữa các liên từ/... điền là mệnh đề hay danh từ/ đại từ/ danh động từ Phần 2: Một số liên từ và cụm giới từ thơng dụng trong các đề thi đại học 1 Besides (giới từ) có nghĩa là “bên cạnh” Nó đứng trước danh từ/ đại từ/ danh động từ Ví dụ: Besides doing the cooking I look after the garden (Ngồi việc nấu nướng tơi còn trơng nom cả khu vườn nữa) Besides (trạng từ) có nghĩa là “ngồi ra” Nó thường đứng trước mệnh đề mà cũng có... trước mệnh đề mà cũng có thể đi sau mệnh đề mà nó giới thiệu Ví dụ: I can’t go now, I’m too busy Besides, my passport is out of date (Tơi khơng thể đi bây giờ; tơi bận lắm Ngồi ra, giấy thơng hành của tơi đã hết hạn) 2 However thường có nghĩa là “nhưng mà, tuy nhiên” Nó có thể đi liền trước hoặc theo sau mệnh đề hoặc đi liền sau từ hoặc cụm từ đầu tiên của mệnh đề Ví dụ: I’ll offer it to Tom However,... ngồi) 4 Therefore (do đó) được dùng thay cho so trong tiếng Anh trang trọng Nó có thể đứng đầu mệnh đề hoặc sau từ, cụm từ đầu tiên hoặc trước động từ chính 5 Though, although, even though (mặc dù) thường giới thiệu các mệnh đề chỉ sự nhượng bộ Chú ý rằng sau though, although, even though là các mệnh đề Ví dụ: Though/ although they are expensive, people buy them (Mặc dù chúng đắt giá, người ta vẫn mua)... của con người) 9 So that (= in order that) và so as to (= in order to) Các cụm từ trên đều giới thiệu cho mệnh đề hoặc cụm từ chỉ mục đích Sau so that và in order that là một mệnh đề Sau so as to và in order to là động từ ngun thể Một số cụm giới từ thơng dụng: Cụm từ Nghĩa In addition to Thêm vào đó Instead of Thay vì On account of Do cái gì/ vì lý do gì On behalf of sb Đại diện cho ai In accordance... một mệnh đề: Ví dụ: The reason why grass is green was a mystery to the little boy (Lý do tại sao cỏ màu xanh là một điều bí ẩn đối với cậu bé) - Sau reason for là danh từ: Ví dụ: The reason for the disaster was engine failure, not human error (Lý do của thảm họa đó là lỗi của động cơ, khơng phải là sai lầm của con người) 9 So that (= in order that) và so as to (= in order to) Các cụm từ trên đều giới... gì, anh ta vẫn xin được việc) - Khi chuyến câu trên sang dùng với although thì sau nó phải là một mệnh đề: Diªu Anh Tn - THCS NghÜa Mü - ThÞ X· Th¸i Hoµ - NghƯ An ¤N TËP TIÕNG ANH 9 Ví dụ: Although he has no qualifications he got the job 7 Because và because of (bởi vì) - Sau because là một mệnh đề: Ví dụ: Because it rained, I didn’t go to school (Bởi vì trời mưa, tơi đã khơng đến trường) - Sau because... because D because of 9 She came in quietly not to wake the baby A as if B so as C such as D if so 10 He was offered the job his qualifications were poor A despite B in spite of C even though D Whereas Diªu Anh Tn - THCS NghÜa Mü - ThÞ X· Th¸i Hoµ - NghƯ An ¤N TËP TIÕNG ANH 9 GIỚI TỪ VÀ THANH NGỮ THÔNG DỤNG Diªu Anh Tn - THCS NghÜa Mü - ThÞ X· Th¸i Hoµ - NghƯ An ¤N TËP TIÕNG ANH 9 2.TO 1.OF Ashamed . ÔN TậP TIếNG ANH 9 ôn tập tiếng anh 9 Học kỳ ii( ÔN THI CHUYểN CấP) A- THEORY THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE 1-Formula a. Affirmative:. 10 oclock. _______________________________________________________ 100 . This is the second time they have written to us about this. _______________________________________________________ 101 _______________________________________________________ 106 . Tom was writing 2 poems. _______________________________________________________ 107 . She often takes her dog for a walk. _______________________________________________________ 108 .