Chapter 2: Understanding and Avoiding Security Risks
Identifying the Sources of Risk
Minimizing User-Input Risks
Not Revealing Sensitive Information
Summary
Chapter 3: PHP Best Practices
Best Practices for Naming Variables and Functions
Best Practices for Function/Method
Best Practices for Database
Best Practices for User Interface
Best Practices for Documentation
Best Practices for Web Security
Best Practices for Source Configuration Management
Summary
Part II
Chapter 4: Architecture of an Intranet Application
Understanding Intranet Requirements
Building an Intranet Application Framework
Creating a Database Abstraction Class
Creating an Error Handler Class
Creating a Built-In Debugger Class
Creating an Abstract Application Class
Creating a Sample Application
Summary
Chapter 5: Central Authentication System
How the System Works
Creating an Authentication Class
Creating the Central Login Application
Creating the Central Logout Application
Creating the Central Authentication Database
Testing Central Login and Logout
Making Persistent Logins in Web Server Farms
Summary
Chapter 6: Central User Management System
Identifying the Functionality Requirements
Creating a User Class
User Interface Templates
Creating a User Administration Application
Creating a User Password Application
Creating a Forgotten-Password Recovery Application
Summary
Chapter 7: Intranet System
Identifying Functionality Requirements
Designing the Database
Designing and Implementing the Intranet Classes
Setting Up Application Configuration Files
Setting Up the Application Templates
Intranet Home Application
Installing Intranet Applications from the CD- ROM
Testing the Intranet Home Application
Summary
Chapter 8: Intranet Simple Document Publisher
Identifying the Functionality Requirements
The Prerequisites
Designing the Database
The Intranet Document Application Classes
Setting up Application Configuration Files
Setting Up the Application Templates
The Document Publisher Application
Installing Intranet Document Application
Testing Intranet Document Application
Summary
Chapter 9: Intranet Contact Manager
Functionality Requirements
Understanding Prerequisites
The Database
The Intranet Contact Manager Application Classes
The Application Configuration Files
The Application Templates
The Contact Category Manager Application
The Contact Manager Application
Installing Intranet Contract Manager
Testing Contract Manager
Summary
Chapter 10: Intranet Calendar Manager
Identifying Functionality Requirements
Understanding Prerequisites
Designing the Database
The Intranet Calendar Application Event Class
The Application Configuration Files
The Application Templates
The Calendar Manager Application
The Calendar Event Manager Application
Installing the Event Calendar on Your Intranet
Testing the Event Calendar
Summary
Chapter 11: Internet Resource Manager
Functionality Requirements
Understanding the Prerequisites
Designing the Database
Designing and Implementing the Internet Resource Manager Application Classes
Creating Application Configuration Files
Creating Application Templates
Creating a Category Manager Application
Creating a Resource Manager Application
Creating a Resource Tracking Application
Creating a Search Manager Application
Installing an IRM on Your Intranet
Testing IRM
Security Concerns
Summary
Chapter 12: Online Help System
Functionality Requirements
Understanding the Prerequisites
Designing and Implementing the Help Application Classes
Creating Application Configuration Files
Creating Application Templates
Creating the Help Indexing Application
Creating the Help Application
Installing Help Applications
Testing the Help System
Security Considerations
Summary
Part III
Chapter 13: Tell-a-Friend System
Functionality Requirements
Understanding Prerequisites
Designing the Database
Designing and Implementing the Tell- a- Friend Application Classes
Creating Application Configuration Files
Creating Application Templates
Creating the Tell-a-Friend Main Menu Manager Application
Creating a Tell-a-Friend Form Manager Application
Creating a Tell-a-Friend Message Manager Application
Creating a Tell-a-Friend Form Processor Application
Creating a Tell-a-Friend Subscriber Application
Creating a Tell-a-Friend Reporter Application
Installing a Tell-a-Friend System
Testing the Tell-a-Friend System
Security Considerations
Summary
Chapter 14: E-mail Survey System
Functionality Requirements
Architecture of the Survey System
Designing the Database
Designing and Implementing the Survey Classes
Designing and Implementing the Survey Applications
Developing Survey Execution Manager
Setting Up the Central Survey Configuration File
Setting Up the Interface Template Files
Testing the Survey System
Security Considerations
Summary
Chapter 15: E-campaign System
Features of an E-campaign System
Architecting an E-campaign System
Designing an E-campaign Database
Understanding Customer Database Requirements
Designing E-campaign Classes
Creating Common Configuration and Resource Files
Creating Interface Template Files
Creating an E-campaign User Interface Application
Creating a List Manager Application
Creating a URL Manager Application
Creating a Message Manager Application
Creating a Campaign Manager Application
Creating a Campaign Execution Application
Creating a URL Tracking and Redirection Application
Creating an Unsubscription Tracking Application
Creating a Campaign Reporting Application
Testing the E-Campaign System
Security Considerations
Summary
Part IV
Chapter 16: Command-Line PHP Utilities
Working with the Command-Line Interpreter
Building a Simple Reminder Tool
Building a Geo Location Finder Tool for IP
Building a Hard Disk Usage Monitoring Utility
Building a CPU Load Monitoring Utility
Summary
Chapter 17: Apache Virtual Host Maker
Understanding an Apache Virtual Host
Defining Configuration Tasks
Creating a Configuration Script
Developing makesite
Installing makesite on Your System
Testing makesite
Summary
Chapter 18: BIND Domain Manager
Features of makezone
Creating the Configuration File
Understanding makezone
Installing makezone
Testing makezone
Summary
Part V
Chapter 19: Web Forms Manager
Functionality Requirements
Understanding Prerequisites
Designing the Database
Designing and Implementing the Web Forms Manager Application Classes
Creating the Application Configuration Files
Creating Application Templates
Creating the Web Forms Submission Manager Application
Creating the Web Forms Reporter Application
Creating the CSV Data Exporter Application
Installing the Web Forms Manager
Testing the Web Forms Manager
Security Considerations
Summary
Chapter 20: Web Site Tools
Functionality Requirements
Understanding Prerequisites
Designing the Database
Designing and Implementing the Voting Tool Application Class
Creating the Application Configuration Files
Creating the Application Templates
Creating the Vote Application
Installing the Voting Tool
Testing the Voting Tool
Summary
Part VI
Chapter 21: Speeding Up PHP Applications
Benchmarking Your PHP Application
Buffering Your PHP Application Output
Compressing Your PHP Application Output
Caching Your PHP Applications
Summary
Chapter 22: Securing PHP Applications
Controlling Access to Your PHP Applications
Securely Uploading Files
Using Safe Database Access
Recommended php.ini Settings for a Production Environment
Limiting File System Access for PHP Scripts
Running PHP Applications in Safe Mode
Summary
Part VII
Appendix A: What's on the CD-ROM
System Requirements
What's on the CD
Troubleshooting
Appendix B: PHP Primer
Object-Oriented PHP
Appendix C: MySQL Primer
Using MySQL from the Command- Line
Using phpMyAdmin to Manage MySQL Database
Appendix D: Linux Primer
Installing and Configuring Apache 2.0
Installing and Configuring MySQL Server
Installing and Configuring PHP for Apache 2.0
Common File/Directory Commands
Index
Wiley Publishing, Inc. End-User License Agreement
Nội dung
◆ If no keyword is passed as a parameter to the method, it returns FALSE. ◆ If the keywords have been supplied, it reads the recent search history as a hash in $hash using the getRecentSearchList() method. The getRecentSearchList() is called with TRUE as a $asis parameter so that it returns the search history as an unmodified hash. ◆ If the current keywords already exist in $hash, then the method returns FALSE since there is no need to add duplicate keywords in the history. ◆ If the current history does not exceed the SEARCH_HISTORY_SIZE size specified in the configuration file (help.conf), then the current keywords are inserted into the a new hash called $outHash along with the existing history data. ◆ Finally, the new $outHash is written to the history file using the writeSearchHistory() method, and the method returns TRUE. getKeywordMatch() This method checks to see whether the given keyword ($keyword) exists in the key- word index of the given sections ($sections) and returns the matching section list. It works as follows: ◆ The given keyword is lowercased because the keyword index stores all keywords in lowercase format. ◆ A list called $matchedSections is initialized as an empty array. ◆ For each given section, the given keyword is searched in the keyword index cache stored in the keyword index file. ◆ In the loop, for each given section, a keyword index cache file called $keywordCacheFile is set using the getKeywordFile() method. ◆ A hash object (that is, keyword index cache) called $cache is loaded using the readKeywordCacheFile() method. ◆ If the current keyword is found in the $cache object, the current section is stored in $matchedSections. ◆ Finally, the matched section list is returned. getSectionNumberList() This method returns the section numbers from the current section hash. getSectionHash() This method returns a hash that has section numbers as keys and section names as values. If a section list is given, the method only returns the hash for the given sec- tion list. Otherwise, it returns the entire list of sections for the current help contents. Chapter 12: Online Help System 411 15 549669 ch12.qxd 4/4/03 9:26 AM Page 411 getSectionList() This method returns the list of sections. getKeywordString() This method creates a string out of the list of keywords and returns the string. getKeywordList() This method sets the object variable _KEYWORDS with given keywords. However, it removes duplicates and any instance of the word ‘or’. The ‘or’ operator is implied automatically when multiple keywords exist in the keyword list and, therefore, it is removed. getSections() This method returns the section hash stored in the object variable _SECTIONS. getHelpDir() This method returns the help directory path stored in _HELP_DIR. If _HELP_DIR is empty, it returns null. makeKeywordIndex() This method creates the keyword index cache object for a given section and stores the cache as a serialized hash object in a file. It works as follows: ◆ First, it creates a local variable called $helpFile that is set to the fully qualified pathname of the given section’s ($section) help file returned by the getFQPNofSection() method. ◆ If the help file (that is, the help contents) does not exist for the current section, the method returns FALSE. ◆ If the help file exists, a local variable called $keywordCacheFile is set to the fully qualified pathname of the current section’s keyword index cache file returned by the getKeywordFile() method. ◆ If this keyword index cache exists, the help file’s modification time ($helpFileModifyTimeStamp) is compared with the modification time ($keywordIndexCreateTimeStamp) of the keyword index. If the help file modification time is older than the keyword index file modification time, the keyword index is up to date and therefore not needed to be re-created, unless the object variable _FORCE is set to true. When the keyword index is up to date and the index doesn’t need to be forcefully re-created, the method returns TRUE, indicating that index creation was a success. ◆ On the other hand, if the keyword index doesn’t exist or the modification time of the help file is newer than the existing keyword index file, then the method must continue and create the index cache from the help contents. 412 Part II: Developing Intranet Solutions 15 549669 ch12.qxd 4/4/03 9:26 AM Page 412 ◆ The _getWords() is called with the help file ($helpFile) and the returned word list is stored in the $words variable. ◆ The _removeExcludedWords() method is called with the $words to remove words that need to be excluded. The words are compared to words stored in the EXCLUDED_WORD_FILE file and matching words are removed from the $words list. ◆ The resulting $words list and the $keywordCacheFile file name are passed as a parameter to the writeKeywordCacheFile() method to write the cache file. ◆ If the file is written successfully, the method returns TRUE; otherwise, it returns FALSE. getFQPNSearchHistoryFile() This method returns the fully qualified search history file name. getFQPNofSection() This method returns the fully qualified section file name. getHelpTemplateDir() This method returns the fully qualified help template directory path. getDefaultSectionTemplate() This method returns the default section template path. getTOCTempalte() This method returns the table of contents template path. getSearchResultTempalte() This method returns the search result template path. getSectionTemplate() This method returns the template path for a given section if it exists; otherwise, it returns the default section template path. getBaseURL() This method returns the base URL. loadMap() This method loads the help map file, which defines all the information needed to provide help for an application. It works as follows: ◆ First, it sets $mapFile to the fully qualified pathname of the map file returned by the getMapFile() method. ◆ If the map file does not exist, the method returns FALSE. Chapter 12: Online Help System 413 15 549669 ch12.qxd 4/4/03 9:26 AM Page 413 ◆ The method then uses the built-in require_once() function to load the map file, which is a PHP script. ◆ If the $HELP_DIR variable in the map file has a value that does not start with leading slash character, the $HELP_DIR is a relative path and ROOT_PATH from help.conf is added as a prefix to this path; finally, it is stored in the object’s _HELP_DIR variable. Similarly, _REL_HELP_DIR is constructed using REL_ROOT_PATH (from help.conf) and the current application’s name. On the other hand, if the $HEL_DIR value does start with a leading slash, it is stored as is along with $REL_HELP_DIR in _HELP_DIR and the _REL_HELP_DIR object variables, respectively. ◆ The other variables in the map file — $REL_TEMPLATE_DIR, $DEFAULT_ SECTION_TEMPLATE , $TOC_TEMPLATE, $SEARCH_RESULT_TEMPLATE, $TEMPLATES, and $SECTIONS — are assigned to _REL_TEMPLATE_DIR, _DEFAULT_SECTION_TEMPLATE, _TOC_TEMPLATE, _SEARCH_RESULT_ TEMPLATE , _TEMPLATES, and _SECTIONS, respectively. getMapFile() This method returns the fully qualified pathname of the map file. readKeywordCacheFile() This method returns the named keyword file ($file), unserializes the contents, and returns the hash object. writeKeywordCacheFile() This methods writes the given word list, $words, in the named keyword file, $file. It first creates a hash called $cache using each of the keywords in the $words list and serializes the $cache object before writing to the file. writeSearchHistory() This method writes the keyword history hash ($hash) into the keyword search history file returned by the getFQPNSearchHistoryFile() method. The $hash is serialized before writing to the file. getKeywordFile() This method returns the fully qualified keyword index cache file name for the given section. _removeExcludedWords() This method removes words from the $words list if they are found in the EXCLUDED_WORD_FILE file. _getWords() This method reads the named file ($file), parses out text from HTML tags, creates a list of unique words, and returns the list. 414 Part II: Developing Intranet Solutions 15 549669 ch12.qxd 4/4/03 9:26 AM Page 414 _getUniqueWords() This method removes duplicates from the given word list ($words) and returns the duplicate-free word list. _loadFile() This method loads the given file ($file) if it exists and returns the contents as a string. HTMLtoText() This method removes HTML tags from the given string ($contents) and returns the HTML tag–free contents. Creating Application Configuration Files Like all other applications you’ve developed in this book, the online help applica- tions also use a standard set of configuration, message, and error files. These files are discussed in the following sections. Creating a main configuration file The primary configuration file for the entire system is called help.conf. Table 12-1 discusses each configuration variables. TABLE 12-1 THE help.conf VARIABLES NEED TO BE CHANGED Configuration Variable Purpose $PEAR_DIR Set to the directory containing the PEAR package; specifically the DB module needed for class.DBI.php in our application framework. By default, this is set to the %DocumentRoot%/pear. $PHPLIB_DIR Set to the PHPLIB directory, which contains the PHPLIB packages; specifically the template.inc package needed for template manipulation. By default this is set to the %DocumentRoot%/phplib. $APP_FRAMEWORK_DIR Set to our application framework directory. By default this is set to the %DocumentRoot%/framework. Continued Chapter 12: Online Help System 415 15 549669 ch12.qxd 4/4/03 9:26 AM Page 415 . needed for class.DBI .php in our application framework. By default, this is set to the %DocumentRoot%/pear. $PHPLIB_DIR Set to the PHPLIB directory, which contains the PHPLIB packages; specifically. 413 ◆ The method then uses the built-in require_once() function to load the map file, which is a PHP script. ◆ If the $HELP_DIR variable in the map file has a value that does not start with leading. template.inc package needed for template manipulation. By default this is set to the %DocumentRoot%/phplib. $APP_FRAMEWORK_DIR Set to our application framework directory. By default this is set to