560 X. Zha and Q. Xiao REFERENCES Chongqing Highway Scientific Research Institute (1998). Design Programs and Testing Guidelines for the Bridge Deck Pavement of Xiamen Hiachang Steel Bridge and Approach Bank, Chongqing Highway Scientific Research Institute, PRC. Fang Fusen (1993). Pavement engineering, People Transportation Publishing House, PRC. Highway Planning and Design Institute of Ministry of Communications (1997). Specifications for Design of Highway Asphalt Pavement (JTJO14-97), People Transportation Publishing House, PRC. Zhu Zhaohong, Wang Binggang and Guo Dazhi (1988). Mechanical computation for pavement, People Transportation Publishing House, PRC. INDEX OF CONTRIBUTORS Volumes I and II Alikhail, M.M. 849 Amano, M. 563 Ansourian, P. 679 Asta, A.D. 931,939 Bailey, C.G. 1055 Bao, S.H. 897 Beale, R.G. 375 Bernuzzi, C. 991 Bian, C.Y. 1005 Bingye, X. 125 Bradford, M.A. 571 Bridge, R. 639 Bridge, R.Q. 229 Calado, L. 323 Campione, G. 413 Cano, V. 1141 Cao, P Z. 385 Carroll, C. 775 Chan, B.H.M. 145 Chan, C M. 1081 Chan, F. 655 Chan, K.W.Y. 497 Chan, S.L. 145, 193, 443, 451,791, 1125, 1167 Chan, S L. 151,823 Chan, T.H.T. 537, 1109 Chan, W.Y. 487, 505 Chang, K.L. 775 Chau, K.T. 1125 Chen, H. 175 Chen, J. 839 Chen, J.F. 391 Chen, S.F. 443 Chiew, S.P. 291 Choi, C.K. 1117 Chu, A.Y.T. 791 Chui, P.P T. 151,823 Chung, K.F. 245, 269 Clandening, K. 775 Clarke, M.J. 237, 253 Clubley, S.K. 467 Combescure, A. 713 Dai, C.W. Dasui, W. Davies, J.M. De Luca, A. Deqing, G. Dezi, L. Dou, Y. Elliott, K.S. Enjily, V. Ermopoulos, J. Fang, L.X. Fuhai, Z. Ge, H.B. Ghojel, J. Godley, M.H.R. Goto, Y. Grundy, P. Grzebieta, R.H. Gu, J.X. Guitong, Y. Gupta, L.M. Gusic, G. Han, L H. Hancock, G.J. Haojun, C. Hara, T. Hautala, K.T. He, J.L. Hensman, J.S. Ho, G.W.M. Hong, T. Hoshino, M. Howson, W.P. Huang, K.S. Hudramovych, V.S. 291 731 367 323 999, 1013 931,939 831 459 375 521 145 209 63, 563 1047 375 101,545, 705, 1021 983, 1047 429 193 125 921 613 1039 25, 237, 253, 261,349, 357 183 881 6O5 1031 3 747 697 529 87 631 721 I2 Index of Contributors Ip, K.H. 245, 269 Luo, Y.F. Luong, M.P. 631 663 Jian, Z. Jiang, L. Jiang, S.C. Jing, J. Jiqing, W. Jonaidi, M. Jullien, J.F. Kaitila, O. Kang, Q L. Karadelis, J.N. Kasai, A. Kawanishi, N. Kesti, J. Ko, J.M. Koss, L. Kumar, A.N. Lam, D. Lam, P.H. Lam, S.S.E. Lau, C.K. Law, S.S. Lee, C. Lee, Y.C. Lee, Y Y. Lennon, T. Leoni, G. Li, G.Q. Li, Q.Z. Li, S. Li, X S. Li, Y. Li, Y.Y. Li, Z.X. Liew, J.Y.R. Limam, A. Lin, H. Liu, K. Liu, L. Liu, P. Liu, T.C.H. Liu, X. Lu, L.W. Lu, X. Lui, T.H. Luo, Y. 731 101 Mak, W.P. 1031 M/ikel/iinen, P. 277 Man, K.L. 183 Mashiri, F.R. 679 Mele, E. 613, 1141 Mizutani, A. Moore, D.B. Morris, L.J. Motoyui, S. Mtiller, A. 159 385 305,313 1157 705 367 331,513, 1109 849 1133 459 739 579 487, 505 537 429 391 905 1055 931,939 1031 631 965, 975 545 809 913 1109 175 613 1089 965 1089 1081 135 831 75 783 579 799 Nethercot, D.A. Ng, C F. Ngok, L.Y. Ni, Y.Q. Nianmei, Z. Nip, T.F. Nuttall, H. Obata, M. Oehlers, D.J. Ohga, M. Ohtsuka, T. Omair, M. Omair, M.R. Osterrieder, P. Outinen, J. Owens, G. Pan, Q. Panzeri, N. Patterson, N.L. Pircher, M. Poggi, C. Qinghua, H. Rahimian, A. Rasmussen, K.J.R. Rees, S.J.W. Ricles, J.M. Romero, E.M. Ronghe, G.N. 487, 505 159, 1063 487, 505 983 323 1021 1055 135 167 1073 3, 459 905 109 331,513, 1109 125 283 747 1021 571 881 167 313 305 1073 1063 1187 1151 621 1047 639 621 587 755, 857 341 775 75 755 92! Index of Contributors I3 Rotter, J.M. 39 Saidani, M. 305, 313 Sause, R. 75 Schmidt, H. 597, 605 Scibilia, N. 413 Scott, D. 747 Shan, L. 1099 Shen, J. 783 Shen, S. 201 Shen, S.Z. 51 Shen, Z. 799 Shen, Z Y. 13 Shi, W. 783 Shi, Y. 277, 975 Shigematsu, T. 881 Shu, H S. 521 Smith, S.T. 109, 571 Song, C.Y. 687 Song, M.K. 1117 Surtees, J.O. 283 Tang, L.K. 175 Teng, J.G. 109, 391,443, 477, 647, 655, 687, 697 Toledano, M. 947 Tong, L. 799 Toribio, J. 947, 955 Unterweger, H. 117 Usami, T. 63, 563, 1157 Uy, B. 421 Wei, X.X. Werner, F. Wheeler, A.T. Wilkinson, T. Williams, F.W. Winterstetter, T.A. Wong, K.F. Wong, K.Y. Wong, M.B. Wong, P. Wong, Y.L. Xianzhong, Z. Xiao, Q. Xiao, R.Y. Xie, X. Xiliang, L. Xu, Y.L. Xu, Z.G. Yam, L.H. Yan, H. Yangji, C. Yi, S.C. Yiyi, C. Yong, Y. Yong, Z. Yoshida, S. Young, B. Yu, L. Yue, Y. Yung, T.H. Yuxin, L. 1125 1073 237, 253 261 87 597 487, 505 487, 497, 505 1047 429 451,477, 1167 731 553 467 1151 209, 587 497, 815, 873 1005 913 1099 731 897 731 1013 209 671 341,349, 357 537 587 537 217 Valiente, A. 955 Vincent, Y. 1141 Wang, C. 201,975 Wang, J.Y. 331,451, 1167 Wang, L. 889 Wang, L.Y. 873 Wang, Q. 889 Wang, Q L. 385 Wang, R.L. 1005 Wang, Y. 799 Wang, Y.C. 401, 1175 Wang, Y C. 521 Wang, Z. 437 Wang, Z M. 1081 Zandonini, R. Zha, X. Zhai, Y. Zhang, C. Zhang, J.W. Zhang, K. Zhang, W.S. Zhao, X. Zhao, X.L. Zhao, X L. Zhao, Y. Zhen, Y. Zheng, G. Zheng, Y. Zhitao, L. 991 553 1089 705 477 965 815 831 429, 849, 983 1047 647 437 513 63 217 14 Index of Contributors Zhou, B. Zhu, L.D. Zhu, X. 529 Zingone, G. 497 Zuyan, S. 1151 413 731 KEYWORD INDEX Volumes I and II ABAQUS acceleration response active confinement adaptive h-refinement ADAS devices adhesive airport airy stress function aluminium alloy sections anisotropic plate ANSYS arbitrary cross-sections arch arched corrugated metal roof ASB aseismatic behavior asphalt concrete austenitic stainless steel austeno-ferritic steel axial compression axial load axisymmetric axisymmetric shell barrel vault beam(s) beam-column beam-to-column steel joints bearing bearing capacity bearing failure bending bending moment bending stiffness biaxial bending bifurcation bifurcation analysis bifurcation buckling binder course body force bolted connections bolted joints bonding box section 237 497, 537 413 1117 775 477 731 1125 799 579 313 443 209 209 1055 437 553 605 1141 597 621,639 713 671 1099 261,349 1039 991 229 357 245 349, 375 537 513 443 126, 687, 721 341 671 553 1125 237, 269 283 477 63 BP algorithm 1167 bracing 429 bridge(s) 75, 521 bridge deck pavement 553 bridge monitoring system 487 bridge response 505 bridge tower section 1109 bridge-vehicle interaction 537 buckling 87, 109, 341,429, 521, 571, 613, 621, 647, 655, 679, 687 buckling modes 1117 building 75 cable 873 cable-beam 731 cable-nets 217 cable-stayed bridge(s) 505, 521,529 calculation 721 CFT column 291 channel column 341 channel members 349 channels 375 chaos 126 circular inclusion 1125 circular line load 631 circular steel columns 413 circumferential weld imperfection 639 class hierarchy 975 CLS element 1117 coal storage 1099 code 1031 cold-formed 25, 375, 429 cold-formed channels 357 cold-formed steel 159, 245, 261,269, 341, 349, 367 collapse 167 collapse mechanism 621 column(s) 109, 421,429, 1047 columns base 135 column flexibility 135 combined loading 597 compartment fires 39 complete load-deflection analysis 51 complicated structural member 1109 I5 16 Keyword Index component-based model composite composite beam composite behavior composite columns composite construction composite foundation composite members composite slab composite steel slag-concrete beams composite structure(s) concrete concrete-filled steel tube(s) concrete-filling conical shells connection(s) consideration of constraints constraint continuum model conversion of cross-section coupling beams cracked cylindrical bars creep critical load(s) CTOD cumulative damage model curved cyclic behaviour cyclic loading cyclic tests cylindrical arc-length method cylindrical shell(s) cylindrical steel shells 451 39, 451,459, 1047, 1167 965 291 443, 747 3, 421 1151 413 747 385 755, 931,939 459 391,437, 1039 429 621 3, 75, 253, 1055, 1167 1073 1099 183 385 391 947 931 183, 631, 1117 1133 13 521 991 63, 429, 563 639 587 605, 679, 705 597 D.O.F. 1117 damage index 991 damage tolerance 955 damper 857 deep mixing method 1151 deformation(s) 305, 721 design 229, 305, 375, 655, 1031 design formula 51 design parameters 487 design strength 349, 357 diamond buckling 705 discrete optimization 1081 displacements 313 distortional buckling 367 double bolted connections 245 drilling 1117 ductile fracture 1021 ductility 63, 391, 413, 563, 991 dynamic characteristics 809 dynamic postbuckling 713 dynamic relaxation method 217 dynamic stability 201 dynamic stability critical load 201 dynamic system 126 earthquake response analysis 101 effective length 341 effective stress concentration factor 999 eigenvalue 679 elastic layer 553 elasticity 1125 elastic-plastic problem 671 elasto-plastic analysis 145 elasto-plastic response analysis 1157 elasto-plastique analysis 1141 electronic information 1187 elephant-foot buckling 705 elevated temperatures 605, 1047, 1063 empirical model 101 end plate connection(s) 237, 277, 451 energy absorption 755, 775 energy absorption device 857 energy release rate 947 engineering education 1187 engineering safe design 955 equilibrium state 217 experiment(s) 647, 721 experiment study 965 experimental device 1141 experimental investigation 349 expert system 529 external pressure 621 failure 29 failure modes 269, 323 fatigue 965 fatigue crack 1005 fatigue life curve 999 fatigue reliability 975 fatigue resistance (FR) line 991 fatigue strength 983, 999 FE-analysis 313 fibre reinforced concrete 413 fibre resistance 1039 finite element(s) 713, 1109 finite element analysis 261 finite element buckling analysis 1117 Keyword Index I7 finite element method(s) 167, 193, 209, 513, 671, 1005 finite strip method 109, 341,579 fire 39, 1055 fire protection 1047 fire resistance 1031, 1047 fire temperatures 1063 fire-resistance 1031 fixed-ended 341 flexible shear connection 931,939 flexural buckling 117 flexural strength for negative bending 385 flexure-torsion coupled 897 floor systems 39 fluctuating wind 831 folded plate structures 1117 force ratio 385 fracture criteria 947, 955 fracture toughness 75 frame(s) 3, 63 frame-shear wall 889 frangible roof design 671 free vibration problem 881 frequency 889 full-scale test 731 full-sized model test 209 functional 889 furnace 1047 high temperature properties holding down bolts hollow core hollow sections hoop stress horizontal shoving horizontal vibration hot-rolled steel human response hybrid optimization hysteresis hysteretic loops hysteretic model imperfections incremental iterative method infinite elastic plane initial deflection initial imperfection m-plane bending instability interaction internal pressure ~rregular cross-sections ISO834 fire curve 1063 135 459 305 1125 553 897 349 849 1081 331, 1167 437 101 647, 687 217 1125 63 193, 579 983 341 597 671 443 1047 galloping 873 generalized plastic hinge model 167 genetic algorithms 1081 geometric nonlineality 193 geometrical stability 217 glass curtain walls 799 global optimal solution 1089 grinter 87 Hankel singular value approach 913 heteroclinic orbit 126 hexahedron element 1013 high performance steel 75 high performance structure 75 high rise 857 high rise building 783 high strength concrete 437, 1047 high strength fastener 277 high strength steel 357, 421,947 high strength steel with low ductility 245 J-integral joints junctions large deflections large deformation large steel silo large-scale test lateral torsional buckling lightweight floor lightweight steel limit load limit state line spring element load bearing performance load monitoring loading condition loading histories local buckling local buckling effect lock mitre gate longitudinal rupture 1133 3 655 39 671 663 1055 1073 849 159 51 721 1013 209 487 451 323 109, 167, 261,367, 1073 101 1005 1133 I8 Keyword Index long-term analysis low-cycle fatigue low-rise structure machine learning material material properties maximum response displacement measurement measurement system mechanical properties membrane effects metallurgical behaviour Mexico city misaligned welded joint modal damping modal damping ratio modal property mode interaction mode shape mode switching model order determination moment capacity moment connections moment end plate moment-resisting frames moment-rotation behaviour monotonic loading Monte-Carlo-Simulation moving force identification moving rivulet multiple regression analysis multiply cross section multi-storey multi-storey framework multi-variable natural frequency neural network nominal shear span-ratio non axisymetric imperfections nonlinear nonlinear analysis nonlinear behaviour nonlinear dynamic analysis nonlinear dynamic response nonlinear response nonlinear stability numerical analysis numerical simulation 931 991 857 529 1141 1063 1157 487, 537 613 1063 39 1141 755 999 849 815 513 697 849 697 913 349 283 253 991 237 563 1073 537 873 529 1109 39 183 1089 497, 849, 881 1167 385 713 313, 613, 731 201,687, 705, 775 939 545 331 39 631 167, 1021 731, 1141 object 975 objective function 1099 object-oriented method 529 object-oriented technique 975 oil storage tank 671 open sections 25 optimal analysis 1099 optimization 857 outriggers 747 overall stability 183 paddy rice 663 panel zone 323 parametric study 815 perforation compression 367 performance based design 775 performance index optimization 913 periodic orbit 126 phenomenological modelling 331 pin-ended 341 pins 229 pipe section 63 pipelines 1133 plastic bifurcation 705 plastic mechanism model 357 plasticity 39, 721, 1021 plasticity theory 167 polygonal sections 109 portal frame design 277 portal frames 135 post-buckling 39, 571,639, 687, 697 post-buckling analysis 579 post-buckling equilibrium path 587 precast 459 preflex 965 preisach model 331 pressure 613, 1133 prestress 731 prestressed 965 prestressed force 217 prestressed steel 921 prestressing 931,939 prestressing steel wires 955 principal stress 553 principle of multiples 87 prism element 1013 probabilistic fracture mechanics 1005 professional practice 1187 proportional and non-proportional loads 145 prying 253 Pseudo excitation method 815 Keyword Index I9 push-off 459 pushover analysis 63 quality control 739 quasi-tensegric system 217 rain 873 random vibration 831 R-curve 1133 re-bar stiffening detail 291 recticulated dome 201 rehabilitation 921 reinforcement ring 1125 reliability 1005 reliability analysis 357 research 1031 residual microstress 721 residual response displacement 1157 residual stress(es) 63, 639, 1141 resonance response 873 response analysis 831 response monitoring 487 restraint 39 reticulated domes 51 reticulated saddle shells 51 reticulated shallow shells 51 reticulated shells 51 reticulated vaults 51 retrofit 571 rheology of rice 663 RHS 261 ringbeams 655 rivet 1125 roof truss 159 Rosette-joint 159 rotation capacity 261, 323 rupture 1133 saddle 126 safety 1133 sagged cable 513 second-order analysis 193 second-order inelastic analysis 145 section properties 1109 seismic design 391,755, 775, 857, 991 seismic isolation design 545 seismic resistance 75 seismic response(s) 13, 809, 815 seismic response analysis 1157 self-stressing force 921 semi-continuous frames 991 semi-rigid connection 331, 815 semi-rigid frames 145 settlement 679, 1151 shaking table test 13 shear 229 shear buckling 563, 679 shear coefficient 1109 shear resistance index 553 shear strength 553, 563 shear stress 553 shear studs 459 shear walls 391 shell(s) 209, 613, 647, 655, 687, 697, 721 shell buckling 597, 605 shell structure 881 shells of revolution 697 ship 75 ship lock 1005 SHS 313 silo with internal ties 663 silos 639, 647, 655 single curvature cable-suspended roof 831 singularity detection 1089 site measurement 783 slabs 477 slim floor 1055 'Slimdek' 1055 slipping cables 931,939 soft soil 1151 soil-structure interaction 1157 space frame 631 stability 109, 647, 655, 1151 stability analysis 51,521 stability design 605 stability function method 193 standards 25 static 965 static strength 983 static tests 799 steady-state 1063 steel 101,375, 459 steel bridge 553 steel frame(s) 145, 167, 193, 283, 815, 1073 steel framed structures 13 steel highway bridge 545 steel hollow section(s) 429, 849, 983 steel jacket 975 steel oil tank 1151 steel plates 477, 571 steel portal frame 1081 . austenitic stainless steel austeno-ferritic steel axial compression axial load axisymmetric axisymmetric shell barrel vault beam(s) beam-column beam-to-column steel joints bearing bearing capacity. steady-state 1063 steel 101,375, 459 steel bridge 553 steel frame(s) 145, 167, 193, 283, 815, 1073 steel framed structures 13 steel highway bridge 545 steel hollow section(s) 429, 849, 983 steel. buckling lightweight floor lightweight steel limit load limit state line spring element load bearing performance load monitoring loading condition loading histories local buckling local