insert_book.php script 835 PNG (Portable Network Graphics), 403 WBMP (Wireless Bitmap), 403 functions, 428 generating automatically, 410 inline, dynamically produced, 410 manipulating, 593-595 size, 593 supporting in PHP, 402 Web site, 402 text drawing or printing on, 406-408 fitting onto buttons, 415-418 outputting, 409 positioning onto buttons, 418 writing onto buttons, 419 ImageString() function, 407 ImageTTFBBox() function, 417 ImageTTFText() function, 416, 427 IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol), 371, 618 IMAP Connection Web site, 618 IMAP function library, 619-620 imap_body() function, 646 imap_delete() function, 648 imap_expunge() function, 648 imap_fetchheader() func- tion, 646 imap_header() function, 646 imap_open() function, 642-643 implementing content management systems, 598 editor screen, 614-616 headlines.php, 598-602 keywords, 611-614 stories, adding, 602- 611 login, 672-675 PHPBookmark database, 502 front page, 504-506 recommendations, 532-536 implode() function, 102 importing public keys (Gnu Privacy Guard), 341 include fns.php, 595 include() statement, 127-129 include_fns.php, 660 increment operators, 28-29 indenting code, 39, 465-466 INDEX privilege, 190 index.html, 752-754 index.php, 660 index.php script (Shopping Cart applica- tion), 549-553 indexes database optimization, 262 queries, 261 indexes (arrays), 71 information about data- bases DESCRIBE statement, 257 EXPLAIN statement, 257-260 gathering, 254 indexes, 261 SHOW statement, 254-257 Information button, 683 inheritance (object-ori- ented development), 150, 155-156 multiple inheritance, 157-158 overriding, 156-157 initializing associative arrays, 73 numerically indexed arrays, 71-72 ini_get() function, 453-454 ini_set() function, 453-454 inline images, dynami- cally produced, 410 inner join, 219 input data checking, 485 validating, 510 input data (Web databases) checking, 232-233 filtering, 233 INSERT privilege, 190 INSERT queries, 238-241 INSERT statement, 209 inserting data into databases, 209-211 insertion anomalies, avoiding (Web data- bases), 178 insert_book.php script, 239-240 40 7842 index 3/6/01 4:22 PM Page 835 insert_book.php script (Shopping Cart application) 836 insert_book.php script (Shopping Cart applica- tion), 578-579 insert_book_form.php script (Shopping Cart application), 578 insert_order() function, 570-572 installing Apache, 787-789 UNIX environment, 787-789 Windows environment, 795-796 GPG (Gnu Privacy Guard), 339-342 Microsoft IIS, 800-801 Microsoft PWS, 801 mod_auth_mysql module, 322-323 mod_SSL, 787-789 UNIX environment, 787-789 MySQL, 783 UNIX environment, 783-787 Windows environment, 793 PHP, 783 UNIX environment, 783-787 Windows environment, 799-800 SSL, 783-787 instantiation (classes), 152 integral data types (numeric column types), 201 integrated development environment. See IDE interfaces administration interface (Shopping Cart applica- tion), 575-584 PHP database interfaces, 242 Warm Mail application (email client), 620-621 International PGP Home Page Web site, 339 Internet, secure transactions, 330-331 Internet Information Server (IIS) basic authentication, 319-321 configuring with Internet Services Manager, 319-321 Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP), 371, 618 Internet Protocol (IP), 333 Internet Services Manager, configuring IIS (Internet Information Server), 319-321 intval() function, 87 IP (Internet Protocol), 333 isset() function, 37, 140 is_uploaded_file() func- tion, 357 J join condition, WHERE clause, 215 join() function, 102 join types (MySQL), 219 joining strings implode() function, 102 join() function, 102 tables, 216-217 joins, 219 Cartesian product, 219 cross, 219 equi, 219 equi-joins, 215 EXPLAIN statement, 258 full, 215, 219 inner, 219 left, 217-219 tables, 214 joining, 216-217 two-table, 214-216 Joint Photographic Experts Group. See JPEG JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group), 403 jpeg-6b, downloading (FTP site), 402 Web site, 403 JPEG library Web site, 751 jpeg-6b, downloading (FTP site), 402 Julian calendar, 399 Julian Day Count calendar, 399 K key pairs, installing GPG (Gnu Privacy Guard), 340 keys private keys, Gnu Privacy Guard (GPG), 340 public keys exporting (Gnu Privacy Guard), 340 40 7842 index 3/6/01 4:22 PM Page 836 listings 837 Gnu Privacy Guard (GPG), 340 importing (Gnu Privacy Guard), 341 keys (arrays), 71 keys (databases), 173-175 creating for Web databases, 179 foreign keys, 175 keyword add.php, 596 keyword delete.php, 596 keywords AUTO_INCREMENT keyword, 196 DESC, 220 extends keyword, 155 LIKE, 214 NOT NULL keyword, 196 PRIMARY KEY keyword, 196 REGEXP, 214 return keyword, 140 UNSIGNED keyword, 196 keywords.php, 596 keywords.php file, 611 KPHPDevelop Web site, 469 krsort() function, 80 ksort() function, 79-80 L language constructs array(), 71 die(), 450 exit, 450 leaf nodes (Web forum tree structure), 714 Left join, 219 left joins, 217-218 Lempel Ziv Welch (LZW), 404 length of strings, testing, 105 letters, descenders, 417 libcurl, 387 libraries FreeType, downloading Web site, 402 function, 467 developing, 467 function (PHPBookmark application), 501 PHP, 783 Web sites, 783 PHP database interfaces, 242 libraries (PDF), function, 751 Web sites, 751 LIKE keyword, 214 LIMIT clause, SELECT statement, 222 line graphs, script for outputting, 405 lines curved, ImageArc() function, 428 links (Web forum tree structure), 713 list archives, viewing, 686-687 list() function, 74-75 listing files in directories, 359 listings add_bm() Function from url_fns.php, 528 add_bms.php, 527 bookmark fns.php:Include File of Functions for the Bookmark Application, 504 bookmarks.sql:SQL File to Set Up the Bookmark Database, 503 change_passwd.php, 519 change_password(), 520 change_password() Function from user_auth_fns.php, 691 check_valid_user Function from user_auth_fns.php, 517 create_database.sql, 661-662 content database, set- ting up, 597-598 db_connect() Function from db_fns.php, 513 delete_bm() Function in url_fns.php, 531 delete_bms.php, 530 delete_story.php, 611 display_information() Function from output_fns.php, 684 display_items() Function from output_fns.php, 680-681 display_mail_form() Function from output_fns.php, 696 do_html_header() Function from output_fns.php, 506 filled_out() Function from data_valid_fns.php, 510 forgot_passwd.php, 522 functions from user_auth_fns.php, 669 get_archive() Function from mlm_fns.php, 686 get_email() function from mlm_fns.php, 677 40 7842 index 3/6/01 4:22 PM Page 837 listings 838 get_random_word() Function from user_auth_fns.php, 524 get_unsubscribed_lists() Function from mlm_fns.php, 683 get_user_urls() Function from url_fns.php, 529 headlines.php, 600 displays page head- lines, 599 displays published stories, 601 index.html, 753-754 index.php, 663-669 load_list_info() Function from mlm_fns.php, 685 login() Function from user_auth_fns.php, 516, 676 login.php(col)Front Page of the PHPBookmark System, 504 logout.php, 518 member.php, 514 notify password() Function from user_auth_fns.php, 525 orders.txt, 58 page.php, displays pub- lished stories, 601 pdf.php, 763-764 pdflib.php, 770-774 publish.php, displays docu- ments to be edited, 614 recommend.php, 534 recommend_urls() Function from url_fns.php, 534-536 register() Function from user_auth_fns.php, 512 register_new.php, 508-509 reset_password() Function from user_auth_fns.php, 523 resize_image.php, resizes JPEG image on-the-fly, 593 rtf.php, 759 score.php, 755 search.php, matching sto- ries, 612-613 send() Function from mlm_fns.php, 704-707 store_account() Function from mlm_fns.php, 674 store_list Function from mlm_fns.php, 694 stories.php, 605-606 create/edit, 607-608 interface for writers, 604 story.php, create/edit sto- ries, 607-608 subscribe() and unsub- scribe() Functions from mlm_fns.php, 688-689 testpdf.php, 766 upload.php, 698-701 uploaded files, code, 358-359 valid_email() Function from data_valid_fns.php, 511 vieworders.php interface, 59 lists creating, 693-695 databases, 657 viewing, 679-686 action buttons, 681-682 literal special characters (regular expressions), 112 literals, 21 LOAD DATA INFILE statement, 263 load list info() function, 685 loading arrays from files, 85-87 data from files, 263 extensions, dynamically, 453 local variables, 136 locking files, 65-66 log files, 299-300 Log In button, 675 logging in, 675-678 user authentication, 513-517 Warm Mail application (email client), 629-631 logging in to FTP servers, mirroring files, 382 logging in to MySQL, 185-187 logging out, 691 user authentication, 518 Warm Mail application (email client), 632 logging out of MySQL, 193 logic (code), 471 separating from content, 472 logic errors, 485-486 logical operators, 30-31 login anonymous login (FTP), 381 implementing, 672-675 login() function, 515, 676 login.php, 501-506, 596 logo.gif, 596 logout.php, 501 40 7842 index 3/6/01 4:22 PM Page 838 members_only.php script (authentication) 839 logout.php files, 605 logout.php script (authen- tication), 444-445 lookup functions, 374-378 checkdnsrr(), 378 explode(), 377 gethostbyaddr(), 377 gethostbyname(), 376-377 getmxrr(), 376-378 parse_url(), 377 looping through associa- tive arrays, 74-75 loops, 43-47 accessing numerically indexed arrays, 73 break statement, 47 do while loops, 47 for loops, 45-46 while loops, 44-45 lstat() function, 364 ltrim() function, 97 Lycos Web site, 787 LZW (Lempel Ziv Welch), 404 M magic quotes, 448-449 enabling, 546 magic_quotes_gpc directive, 336 magic_quotes_runtime directive, 336 Mail Exchange (MX) records, 378 mail() function, 95, 371, 525, 658 mailbox (Warm Mail application), viewing contents of, 640-643 mailing list manager. See MLM mail_fns.php library get_accounts() function, 634 main page (Shopping Cart application), 549-553 maintainability, code, 463-467 make_button.php file, 412 make_button.php script, buttons, 411 management systems, content, 588 building, 588 databases versus file storage, 590 document structure, 591 editing, 589 editing online, 589 editor screen, 614-616 file upload method, 589 FTP access, 589 headlines.php, 598-602 implementing, 598-611 keywords, 611-614 manipulating images, 593-595 size, 593 many-to-many relation- ships (databases), 175 Maranda, Steve, 428 matching regular expressions, 109-114 * symbol, 11 + symbol, 11 branching, 112 caret symbol (^), 112 character classes, 110-111 character sets, 109-110 curly braces ({}), 112 finding substrings, 114-115 literal special characters, 112 replacing substrings, 115 slash (\), 112 special characters, 113 splitting strings, 115-116 subexpressions, 111-112 Web references, 116 Substrings, 105-107 Find and replace, 108-109 Numerical position, 107-108 Strpos() function, 107-108 Strrpos() function, 107 Strstr() function, 106-107 With regular expressions, 114-115 max() function, 141 MAX(column) function, 221 MaxClients parameter (Apache), 235 max_connections parame- ter, 235 member.php, 501 members_only.php script (authentication), 443-444 40 7842 index 3/6/01 4:22 PM Page 839 memory, freeing up (mysql_free_result() function) 840 memory, freeing up (mysql_free_result() function), 241-242 message headers (Warm Mail application), viewing, 647 messages, sending (online newsletters), 704-708 meta tags (HTML), 160 metadata, 591 Microsoft IIS (Microsoft Internet Information Server), 800 installing, 800-801 Microsoft Internet Information Server (Microsoft IIS), 800-801 Microsoft PWS, installing, 801 Microsoft Word RTF, 746-747 Microsoft Word Web site, 746 MIN(column) function, 221 mirroring files, (FTP functions), 379-385 closing connections, 385 connecting to remote FTP server, 382 downloading files, 384-385 file update times, checking, 383-384 logging in to FTP server, 382 MIT Distribution Center for PGP Web site, 338 mktime() function, 394-395, 398 MLM (mailing list manager), 656 actions, 670-672 building, 656 files, 660 create_database.sql, 660 data_valid_fns.php, 660 db_fns.php, 660 include_fns.php, 660 index.php, 660 mlm_fns.php, 660 output_fns.php, 660 upload.php, 660 user_auth_fns.php, 660 mlm_fns.php, 660 modeling, real-world objects (Web data- bases), 176 modes, file modes, 52 modification anomalies, avoiding (Web databases), 177 modification dates (scripts), 452 modification of data (security threats), 286 MODIFY [COLUMN] column_description syntax, 224 modular names, code, 464 modules, 782-783 PHP, running, 782-783 modulus operator, 26 mod_auth module (Apache Web server), 316 mod_auth_mysql module, 322-324 documentation Web sites, 324 installing, 322-323 mod_SSL configuring, 788 installing, 787-789 UNIX environment, 787-789 Mod_SSL Web site, 784 moving files, 364-365 multidimensional arrays, 75-79 sorting, 80 reverse sorts, 82 user defined sorts, 80-82 three-dimensional arrays, 77, 79 two-dimensional arrays, 75-77 contents, accessing, 76 multiple files, uploading, 698-702 multiple inheritance (object-oriented devel- opment), 157-158 multiple programmers, version control (code), 468 multiplication operator, 26 MX (Mail Exchange) records, 378 myErrorHandler() func- tion, 492 MyISAM table, 262 myisamchk utility, 260 EXPLAIN statement output, 260 MySQL access, 184-185 aggregate functions, 221 configuring, 785 continuation symbol, 185 40 7842 index 3/6/01 4:22 PM Page 840 mysql_select_db() function 841 databases creating, 187 creating from PHP scripts, 242 deleting, 242 results.php script, 230-231 selecting, 193-194 tables, creating, 194-199 viewing, 198-199 Web database architecture, 228-231 date and time converting between PHP and MySQL for- mats, 396-398 DATE_FORMAT() function, 396-397 MySQL Web site, 400 UNIX_TIMESTAMP function, 397-398 errors, 482-484 GRANT command, 188-189, 192-193 identifiers, 199-200 installing, 783 UNIX environment, 783-787 Windows environment, 793 join types, 219 logging in to, 185-187 logging out of, 193 max_connections parame- ter, 235 mod_auth_mysql module, 322-324 documentation Web sites, 324 installing, 322-323 mysql command, 186 privileges, 188-193 global privileges, 189 GRANT command, 188-189, 192-193 principle of least privilege, 188 REVOKE command, 192-193 types, 190-191 resources, 806 REVOKE command, 192-193 semicolons (;), 185 syntax, extended, 222 users GRANT command, 188-189, 192-193 REVOKE command, 192-193 setting up, 187-188, 192-193 Web site, 185 mysql command, 186 mysql connect() function, 482 mysql database, 246 columns_priv table, 250 db table, 248-249 host table, 249 tables_priv table, 250 user tables, 247 MySQL database connection verification, 250 request verification, 251 mysql errno() function, 483 mysql error() function, 483 MySQL online manual Web site, 206 mysql pconnect() function, 483 mysql query() function, 483 mysql select db() function, 483 MySQL Web site, 226, 263, 322, 784, 795, 802, 806 date and time functions, 400 online manual Web site, 206 mysqladmin facility, 199 mysql_affected_rows() function, 241 mysql_close() function, 234 mysql_connect() function, 234 mysql_db_query() function, 236 mysql_fetch_array() function, 236-237 mysql_fetch_row() function, 237 mysql_free_result() function, 241-242 mysql_numrows() function, 236 mysql_pconnect() function, 234 mysql_query() function, 235-236 mysql_result() function, 237 mysql_select_db() function, 235 40 7842 index 3/6/01 4:22 PM Page 841 naming functions 842 N naming functions, 133-134 naming conventions, code, 463 function names, 464 modular names, 464 variable names, 463-464 Natural Order String Comparison Web site, 105 navigating files, 64 within an array, 88-89 NET START MySQL command, 794 Netscape Web site cookie specification, 432 SSL 3.0 Specification, 347 network lookup func- tions, 374-378 checkdnsrr(), 378 explode(), 377 gethostbyaddr(), 377 gethostbyname(), 376-377 getmxrr(), 376-378 parse_url(), 377 network services, connecting, 484-485 New York Times Web site, 304 newbooks.txt file, 263 newline control sequence (\n), 58 newsletters, online, 656 account settings, 689 accounts, creating, 673-675 administrative functions, 692 attachments, 658 databases, setting up, 660- 663 diagrams, 658-660 file upload, 657 HTML version, 658 list archives, viewing, 686-687 lists, creating, 693-695 lists, viewing, 679-686 logging in, 675-678 logging out, 691 login, implementing, 672-675 passwords, 689-691 plain text, 658 previewing, 702-703 requirements, 656-657 script architecture, 663-672 sending messages, 704-708 subscribing, 687-689 unsubscribing, 687-689 uploading, 695-702 next() function, 88 nl2br() function, 97 nodes (Web forum tree structure), 713 child nodes, 714 leaf nodes, 714 parent nodes, 714 root nodes, 714 NOT NULL keyword, 196 notify password() function, 523 null values, avoiding (Web databases), 179-180 number_of_accounts() function, 637 numeric column types, 201-202 floating point data types, 201-202 integral data types, 201 numerical position of sub- strings, finding, 107-108 numerically indexed arrays, 71-73 accessing with loops, 73 contents, accessing, 72 initializing, 71-72 O object-oriented (OO) development, 148-150 attributes, 148 class attributes, 152-154 creating, 151 classes, 149 creating, 150-152 designing, 158-159 instantiation, 152 constructors, 151-152 encapsulation, 148 inheritance, 150, 155-156 multiple inheritance, 157-158 overriding, 156-157 operations, 148 calling class opera- tions, 154-155 creating, 151 polymorphism, 149-150 writing code, 159-168 attributes, 159-160 functions, 160-161 meta tags, 160 operations, 161 40 7842 index 3/6/01 4:22 PM Page 842 operators 843 Page class code listing, 161-165 ServicesPage class, 166-167 TLA Consulting home page, generating, 165-166 ODBC (Open Database Connectivity), functions, 242 one level up directory symbol ( ), 359 one-to-many relationships (databases), 175 one-to-one relationships (databases), 175 online brochures (com- mercial Web sites), 269-271 common pitfalls, 269-271 tracking success of sites, 270-271 online newsletters, 656 account settings, 689 accounts, creating, 673-675 administrative functions, 692 attachments, 658 databases, setting up, 660-663 diagrams, 658-660 file upload, 657 HTML version, 658 list archives, viewing, 686-687 lists, creating, 693-695 lists, viewing, 679-686 action buttons, 681-682 logging in, 675-678 logging out, 691 login, implementing, 672-675 passwords, 689-691 plain text, 658 previewing, 702-703 requirements, 656 components, 657 script architecture, 663-672 sending messages, 704-708 subscribing, 687-689 unsubscribing, 687-689 uploading, 695-698 multiple files, 698-702 OO (object-oriented) development, 148-150 attributes, 148 class attributes, 152-154 creating, 151 classes, 149 creating, 150-152 designing, 158-159 instantiation, 152 constructors, 151-152 encapsulation, 148 inheritance, 150, 155-156 multiple inheritance, 157-158 overriding, 156-157 operations, 148 calling class opera- tions, 154-155 creating, 151 polymorphism, 149-150 writing code, 159-168 attributes, 159-160 functions, 160-161 meta tags, 160 operations, 161 Page class code listing, 161-165 ServicesPage class, 166-167 TLA Consulting home page, generating, 165-166 Oodie.com Web site, 805 Open Database Connectivity (ODBC), functions, 242 opendir() function, 359 opening files, 52 file modes, 52 fopen() function, 53-54 FTP (File Transfer Protocol), 54-55 HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), 55 potential problems, 55-56 OpenSSL, setting up, 788 OpenSSL Web site, 784 open_mailbox() function, 642 operating systems, data- base security, 252 operations (object-ori- ented development), 148, 161 calling class operations, 154-155 constructors, 151-152 creating, 151 operators, 25-33 arithmetic operators, 26 assignment operator, 22 assignment operators, 27-29 combination assign- ment operators, 28 decrement operators, 28-29 increment operators, 28-29 40 7842 index 3/6/01 4:22 PM Page 843 operators 844 reference operator, 29 returning values, 27 associativity, 34-35 bitwise operators, 31 comma operator, 32 comparison, WHERE clauses, 212-213 comparison operators, 29-30 equals operator, 29-30 error suppression operator, 32 execution operator, 32-33 logical operators, 30-31 precedence, 34-36 string concatenation operator, 20-21 string operators, 27 ternary operator, 32 totaling forms, 33-34 optimizing, databases, 261-262 default values, 262 designs, 261 indexes, 262 permissions, 261 persistent connections, 262 tables, 261-262 optimizing, code, 472-473 Zend Optimizer, 473 or operator, 31 ORDER BY clause, SELECT statement, 219 ordered data, retrieving, 219-220 ordering strings strcasecmp() function, 105 strcmp() function, 104 strnatcmp() function, 105 orders for goods or ser- vices (commercial Web sites), 271-275 obstacles to potential customers, 273-275 orders.txt file, 58 output EXPLAIN statement, 257- 260 formatting, 592-593 SHOW GRANTS state- ment, 255 outputting images, 409 line graphs, script code, 405 output_fns.php, 502, 660 output_fns.php library, 630 overriding (inheritance), 156-157 owners (scripts), identifying, 452 P p switch (add – to front) (mysql command), 186 Page class (object- oriented development), 161-165 TLA Consulting home page, generating, 165-166 page.php, 596 page.php file, 600-602 pages (Web pages), protecting multiple pages, 312 parameters Apache (MaxClients), 235 drawing functions, 407 extract() function, 91 function parameters, 134-136 calling functions, 130 pass by reference, 138-139 pass by value, 139 max_connections parameter, 235 startup, 794 parent nodes (Web forum tree structure), 714 parse_url() function, 377 pass by reference (function parameters), 138-139 pass by value (function parameters), 139 passing by reference, 90 passthru() function, 366 PASSWORD() function, 311 passwords, 291-292, 499 database security, 252-253 encrypting, 252 authentication, 310-311 logging in to MySQL, 186-187 storing, 252 storing (authentication), 308-310 user authentication, 519-521 resetting, 521-526 passwords (MLM), 689-691 paths, file, 360 40 7842 index 3/6/01 4:22 PM Page 844 . 518 member .php, 514 notify password() Function from user_auth_fns .php, 525 orders.txt, 58 page .php, displays pub- lished stories, 601 pdf .php, 76 3-7 64 pdflib .php, 77 0-7 74 publish .php, displays docu- ments. 660 create_database.sql, 660 data_valid_fns .php, 660 db_fns .php, 660 include_fns .php, 660 index .php, 660 mlm_fns .php, 660 output_fns .php, 660 upload .php, 660 user_auth_fns .php, 660 mlm_fns .php, 660 modeling, real-world objects (Web data- bases), 176 modes,. 178 insert_book .php script, 23 9-2 40 40 7842 index 3/6/01 4:22 PM Page 835 insert_book .php script (Shopping Cart application) 836 insert_book .php script (Shopping Cart applica- tion), 57 8-5 79 insert_book_form .php script