Học php, mysql và javascript - p 52 ppt

example XML document, DOM tree of, 389 DOUBLE data type, 171 DROP keyword, 176 DROP TABLE command, issuing from PHP, 240 duplication of data across multiple database columns, 204 across multiple database rows, 206 dynamic linking (PHP), 85 use by WordPress blogging platform, 86 dynamic web content, 1–11 Apache web server, 8 benefits of PHP, MySQL, and JavaScript, 5– 8 combination of PHP, MySQL, and JavaScript, 9 HTTP and HTML, 2 E each function, using with list function to walk through associative array, 120 EasyPHP, 14–18 downloading and installing, 14 overcoming installation problems, 14 testing installation, 16 echo <<< construct, 252 echo command (PHP), print command versus, 51 Editra program editor, 29 else statements in JavaScript, 329 in PHP, 72 closing if . . . else or if . . . elseif . . . else statements, 74 elseif statements (PHP), 73 positioning and number of, 74 email address, validating in form input, 360 empty object, creating in JavaScript, 343 encapsulation, 100 end function, using with PHP arrays, 128 endswitch command, replacing final curly brace in switch statement, 77 equality operators in JavaScript, 323 in PHP, 67 ereg_replace function (PHP), 149 errors error text from last called MySQL function in PHP, 227 JavaScript catching using onError, 326 catching using try . . . catch, 327 debugging, 303 trapping in for loop using break statement, 83 trapping in for loop using continue statement, 84 escape characters backslash (\) in regular expressions, 363 in JavaScript, 310 in PHP, 47 preventing in strings for submission to MySQL, 263 escapeshellcmd function (PHP), 150 European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN), 1 event-min.js file, 396 exclusive or (xor) operator, 44 exec system call (PHP), 149 arguments, 150 execution (` `) operator, 63 EXPLAIN tool (MySQL), 217 explicit casting, 85 JavaScript and, 334 explode function, using to create PHP arrays, 125 expressions JavaScript, 319–321 literals and variables, 320 operators, 321–325 PHP, 61 literals and variables, 62 operators, 63–70 extends operator (PHP), 109 Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (see XHTML) extract function, using with PHP arrays, 125 F \f (form feed) in JavaScript strings, 310 fclose function (PHP), 138 fgets function (PHP), 138, 141 reading from files, 139 file handling in PHP, 137–149 checking if file exists, 137 copying files, 139 Index | 491 creating a file, 137 deleting a file, 140 locking files, 142 moving a file, 140 reading entire file, 143 reading from files, 139 updating files, 141 uploading files, 144–149 form data validation, 147 using $_FILES array, 146 file pointer, 141 $_FILES array, 145 contents of, 146 files, including and requiring in PHP, 96 include statement, 96 include_once, 97 require and require_once, 97 FileZilla, 28 file_exists function, 137 file_get_contents function (PHP), 143 final methods (PHP), 112 finally clause (try . . . catch), 328 Firefox accessing JavaScript error messages, 303 Error Console message for JavaScript errors, 304 Firebug plug-in, 305 FireFTP, 27 FireFTP advantages of, 27 installing, 27 fixation, session, 294 FLOAT data type, 171 flock function (PHP), 142 filesystems not supporting and use on multithreaded server, 143 unlocking files, 143 fopen function (PHP), 138 supported modes, 138 for loops in JavaScript, 332 breaking out of, 333 continue statement, 334 in PHP, 81 breaking out of, 83 continue statement, 84 controls removed from body of loop, 82 when to use, while loops versus, 82 foreach . . . as loops, 119–120 printing out values in multidimensional associative array, 122 walking through multidimensional numeric array, 123 forEach method (JavaScript), 349 cross-browser solution, 350 foreign keys, 206 form feed (\f) in JavaScript strings, 310 <form> tag, onSubmit attribute, 357 forms, 251–267 building using PHP, 251 creating form to add records to MySQL database, using Smarty, 272 data validation, 147 example PHP program converting between Fahrenheit and Celsius, 264–266 inserting and deleting data in MySQL using PHP (example), 232–236 processing submitted data using PHP, 253– 264 checkboxes, 257 default values, 255 hidden fields, 260 input types, 256 labels, 262 radio buttons, 259 sanitizing input, 263 select tags, 260 text areas, 256 text boxes, 256 redisplaying after PHP validation, 370–375 uploading files from, 144–149 validating user input with JavaScript, 355– 361 form field validation, 358–361 frameworks for JavaScript, 393, 394 (see also YUI) fread function (PHP), 138 reading a file, 139 friends on social networking site adding and dropping, 424 module showing user’s friends and followers, 427–430 fseek function (PHP), 141 FTP, transferring files to and from web server, 27 FULLTEXT indexes, 182 stopwords, 457–459 using MATCH . . . AGAINST on, 188 492 | Index functions defined, 89 JavaScript, 312, 337–341 defining, 337 prototype property, 344 returning a value, 339 returning an array, 341 MySQL, 194 commonly used, reference listing, 461– 472 PHP, 52, 90–96 array functions, 123–128 defining, 91 passing by reference, 94 returning a value, 92 returning an array, 93 version compatibility, 98 social networking site project, 407–409 fwrite function (PHP), 138 G /g (global matching) in regular expressions, 369 $_GET and $_POST arrays, sanitizing user input, 263 GET method, 380, 397 Ajax GET example using YUI, 397 using instead of Ajax POST, 385–387 getElementById function (JavaScript), 316 get_post function (PHP), 234 global matching in regular expressions (/g), 369 global variables JavaScript, 312 PHP, 55 returning from function calls, 95 Glossword WAMP, 18 Gmail, use of Ajax to check for username availability, 10 Google Chrome accessing JavaScript error messages, 303 Error Console message for JavaScript error, 304 Google Maps, 377 GRANT command, example parameters for, 165 GROUP BY command, 191 H head section of HTML document, using JavaScript within, 301 heredoc (<<<) operator, 48 hexadecimals, escaping in JavaScript strings, 310 hidden fields in forms, 260 history object (JavaScript), 317 HTML, 2, 151 (see also XHTML) basic knowledge of, xiii DOM (Document Object Model) in JavaScript, 314–318 incorporating PHP within, 33 JavaScript and, 300 comment tags for older and nonstandard browsers, 301 debugging JavaScript errors, 303 including JavaScript files, 302 using scripts within document head, 301 left arrow (&larr; entity), 417 manipulation with JavaScript, 7 multiline output, creating in PHP, 252 program editors for, 29 sanitizing in form input, 263 HTML 4.01 document types, 153 HTML injections, 248 <html> tag, xmlns attribute, 153 htmlentities function (PHP), 57, 249 HTTP, 2 request/response procedure, 2 HTTP authentication, 282–288 checking for valid username and password using PHP, 284 login prompt, 282 storing usernames and passwords, 285 creating users table in MySQL using PHP, 286 PHP authentication using MySQL, 287 salting passwords, 285 user clicks Cancel before logging in, 283 HTTPS, 293 I identity operator (see ===, under symbols) IDEs (Integrated Development Environments), 30 Index | 493 PHP IDEs, listed, 32 if . . . else statements (PHP), 72 if statements in JavaScript, 328 else statements, 329 in PHP, 71 OR operator, problems with, 70 image media types, 149 images, uploading as form data in PHP, 144 implicit casting, 84 in keyword (JavaScript), 347 include statements in PHP, 96 include_once function (PHP), 97 increment operator (++), 42, 45 in JavaScript, 308 using in while loop, 80 variable incrementing in JavaScript, 310 incrementing using AUTO_INCREMENT in MySQL, 172 variable incrementing in JavaScript, 310 variables in JavaScript, 310 index.php file (social networking site project), 411 indexes, 206 arrays in PHP, 40 associative arrays, 117 numerically indexed, 115 MySQL tables, 177–183 adding when creating tables, 179 creating using ALTER TABLE, 178 creating using CREATE INDEX, 179 FULLTEXT index, 182 performance and, 182 PRIMARY KEY, 180 types of indexes, 178 using MATCH . . . AGAINST on FULLTEXT index, 188 inheritance defined, 100 PHP classes, 109–113 initialization expression (for loop), 81 ini_set function (PHP), 293 session data on shared server, 296 InnoDB storage engine, 215 input, forms sanitizing, 263 types of input, 256 INSERT command, 7 adding data to table, 174 insert IDs, 243 instance of a class, 342 INT data type, 171 INTEGER data type, 171 Integrated Development Environments (see IDEs) interface, PHP objects, 100 Internet Explorer accessing JavaScript error messages, 303 compatibility issues, JavaScript program testing and, 305 Error Console message for JavaScript error, 304 forEach method and, 350 incompatibilities caused by JScript, 316 XMLHttpRequest object, IE 6 and, 378 Internet media types, 147 Internet, early history of, 1 intval function (PHP), 266 IP addresses, 3 storing for users, 293 is system command, 149 isNAN function (JavaScript), 360 isset function (PHP), 254 is_array function, 123 J JavaScript, 299–318, 377 (see also Ajax) arrays, 346–353 benefits of, 5 combination with PHP and MySQL for dynamic content, 9 comments, 305 conditionals, 328–331 DOM (Document Object Model), 314–318 explicit casting and, 334 expressions, 319 frameworks for, 393, 394 (see also YUI) functions, 312, 337–341 global variables, 312 HTML and debugging JavaScript errors, 303 including JavaScript files, 302 older and nonstandard browsers, comment tags, 301 494 | Index using scripts within document head, 301 HTML text and, 300 injection via malicious form input, 263 local variables, 312 looping, 331–334 objects, 341–346 onError event, 326 operators, 308–311, 321–325 regular expressions, 361–369 using, 369 semicolon (;) ending statements, 305 try . . . catch statements, 327 using, 7 validating user input, 355–361 variable typing, 311 variables, 306–307 with statement, 325 XSS injections, 248 JOIN . . . ON construct in MySQL, 194 join method (JavaScript), 350 joining tables in MySQL, 192–194 AS keyword, 194 JOIN . . . ON construct, 194 NATURAL JOIN, 193 JScript, 316 K keys, 168, 181 (see also indexes) purposes of keys in MySQL, 206 keys and values, numerically indexed PHP arrays, 117 L labels in forms, 262 LAMPs (Linux, Apache, MySQL, and PHP), 13 installing on Linux, 25–26 LIKE qualifier (MySQL), 186 link URL, reading with JavaScript, 315 linking, dynamic linking in PHP, 85 links object (JavaScript), 317 Linux accessing MySQL via command line, 161 accessing MySQL via phpMyAdmin, 195 installing LAMP, 25–26 installing MDB2 package, 477 installing other PEAR packages, 481 installing PHPUnit, 482 likely location for mysqldump, 219 system calls from PHP, 149 Linux, Apache, MySQL, and PHP (see LAMPs) list function, using with each function to walk through associative array, 120 literals, 320 PHP, 62 local variables JavaScript, 312 PHP, 53 locking files in PHP, 142 log out page (social networking site project), 433 logical operators in JavaScript, 309, 324 in MySQL queries, 194 in PHP, 44, 69 login page, social networking site project, 418 login.php file, creating, 226 looping in JavaScript, 331–334 breaking out of loops, 333 continue statement, 334 do . . . while loops, 332 for loops, 332 while loops, 331 in PHP, 78–84 breaking out of loops, 83 continue statement, 84 do . . . while loops, 81 for loops, 81 foreach . . . as loop, 119–120 while loops, 78 M /m (multiline mode) in regular expressions, 369 Mac OS X accessing MySQL via command line, 160 accessing MySQL via phpMyAdmin, 195 FTP on, 28 installing a MAMP, 19–25 versions of OS X prior to 10.3, 25 installing other PEAR packages, 481 installing PEAR, 475 installing PHPUnit, 482 likely location for mysqldump, 219 Index | 495 system calls from PHP, 149 Macintosh, SSH on, 27 MAMPs (Mac, Apache, MySQL, and PHP), 13 installing on Mac OS X, 19–25 alternative MAMPs, 25 configuring ports, 24 many-to-many relationships, 213 MATCH . . . AGAINST queries, 188 using Boolean mode, 189 md5 function (PHP), 285 md5 hexadecimal strings, 294 MDB2 package (PEAR), 473 creating connect instance, 477 installing on Linux or Unix, 477 installing on Mac OS, 475 installing on Windows, 474 querying database, 478 using to rewrite sqltest.php program (example), 479 MEDIUMINT data type, 171 members module, social networking site project, 424–427 adding and dropping friends, 424 listing all members, 424–427 viewing a user’s profile, 424 messaging module, social networking site project, 430–433 metacharacters (regular expressions), 361 escaping, 363 summary of, 367 method chaining, 340 methods defined, 99 JavaScript objects, 314, 342 static methods, 345 using prototype keyword for a method, 344 PHP objects, 89 calling, 102 scope, controlling in PHP 5, 107 writing, 105 Microsoft Internet Explorer (see Internet Explorer) Microsoft JScript, 316 {min,max} matching in regular expressions, 368 mktime function (PHP), 134 modification expression (for loop), 81 move_uploaded_file function (PHP), 146 Mozilla Firefox (see Firefox) multidimensional arrays in JavaScript, 348 in PHP, 121–123 multiline mode in regular expressions (/m), 369 multipart/form-data encoding, 144 multiple-line commands in PHP, 47 MyISAM ENGINE, 167 MySQL accessing remotely, 27 accessing via command-line, 158–177 accessing via command-line interface on remote server, 162 accessing via phpMyAdmin, 195 adding data to table using PHP, 240 AUTO_INCREMENT, using from PHP, 243 backing up and restoring data, 219–223 benefits of, 5 combination with PHP and JavaScript for dynamic content, 9 creating form to add records to database, using Smarty, 272 creating table using PHP, 238 creating users table and adding accounts using PHP, 286 data retrieval from table using PHP, 241 database design, 201 database terms, summary of, 158 deleting data from database using PHP, 242 describing table using PHP, 239 dropping table using PHP, 240 example of simple database, 157 EXPLAIN tool for queries, 217 FULLTEXT stopwords, 457–459 functions, 194 commonly used, reference listing, 461– 472 indexes for tables, 177–183 inserting and deleting data using PHP (example), 232–238 $_POST array, 234 deleting a record, 235 displaying form, 236 querying database, 236 running program, 237 joining tables, 192–194 496 | Index normalization, 203 PEAR MDB2 package (see MDB2 package) performing secondary query using PHP, 244 PHP authentication using, 287 preventing escape character injection into string presented to MySQL, 263 preventing HTML and XSS injections, 248 preventing SQL injection, 245–248 querying a database, 183–192 querying database with PHP, 225–231 connecting to MySQL, 227–231 creating login file, 226 steps in process, 225 relationships among data, 211–214 sanitizing in form input, 263 social networking site project tables setup file, 410 transactions, 214–217 updating data using PHP, 242 using, 6 mysqldump utility, 219 dumping backups to file, 220 dumping data into CSV format files, 222 locations on various installations and operating systems, 219 mysql_close function (PHP), 231 mysql_connect function (PHP), 227 mysql_entities_fix_string function (PHP), 249 mysql_error function (PHP), 227 mysql_fetch_array function (PHP), 274 mysql_fetch_row function (PHP), 231 mysql_insert_id function (PHP), 244 mysql_result function (PHP), 229 N \n (newline character), 367 in JavaScript strings, 310 in PHP strings, 47 {n} matches exactly n times in regular expressions, 368 {n, } matches n times or more in regular expressions, 368 naming convention for JavaScript functions, 338, 342 NATURAL JOIN in MySQL, 193 new operator in JavaScript, 322 normalization, 203–211 First Normal Form, 204 Second Normal Form, 206–208 Third Normal Form, 209–210 when not to use, 210 <noscript> </noscript> tags, 300 not operator (!), 44, 309 NOT operator (!), 69 NOT operator (in MySQL), 194 NULL values, representing FALSE, 69 numbers converting PHP strings to and from, 49 converting strings to and from in JavaScript, 311 numeric arrays in PHP, 115 multidimensional, 122 walking through, using foreach . . . as, 119 JavaScript, 346 assigning element values, 346 assignment using Array keyword, 347 numeric data types (MySQL), 170 numeric variables JavaScript, 307 PHP, 39 O objects defined, 89 DOM (Document Object Model) in JavaScript, 314–318 JavaScript, 341–346 creating, 343 declaring a class, 342 prototype keyword, 344 PHP, 98–113 accessing, 101 cloning, 102 constructors, 104 creating, 101 declaring a class, 100 declaring constants, 107 declaring properties, 106 inheritance and extension of classes, 109–113 property and method scope in PHP 5, 107 static methods in PHP 5, 105 terminology associated with, 99 writing methods, 105 Index | 497 octals, escaping in JavaScript strings, 310 one-to-many relationships, 212 one-to-one relationships in data, 211 one-way functions, 285 onError event (JavaScript), 326 open source, 9 Opera browsers accessing JavaScript error messages, 303 Error Console message for JavaScript, 304 Error Console message for JavaScript error, 304 operating systems, 13 (see also individual operating system names) system calls in PHP, 149 operators JavaScript, 308–311, 321–325 arithmetic, 308 assignment, 308 associativity, 322 comparison, 309 escaping characters, 310 logical, 309 precedence of, 321 relational, 323 string concatenation, 310 types of, 321 PHP, 42, 63–70 arithmetic, 42 assignment, 43 associativity, 66 comparison, 43 logical, 44 operator precedence, 64 precedence of, 64 relational, 67–70 types of, 63 or operator low-precedence or, 44 precedence in PHP, 65 ||, 44, 309 OR operator, 69 causing problems in if statements, 70 OR operator (in MySQL), 194 ORDER BY command, 191 P page design and layout file (social networking project), 409 parent operator (PHP), 110 parsers calling PHP parser, 34 passing by reference, 94 pattern matching, 361 (see also regular expressions) doing with LIKE qualifier in MySQL, 186 PEAR (PHP Extension and Application Repository), 473–481 creating connect instance, 477 installation, 473–477 installing other PEAR packages, 481 querying database, 478 rewriting sqltest.php program (example) using MDB2, 479 Perl, 5 PHP, 33–59, 269 (see also Smarty templating system) adding data to MySQL table, 240 benefits of, 5 casting, implicit and explicit, 84 code examples from this book, 35 combination with MySQL and JavaScript for dynamic content, 9 comments, 36 conditionals, 70–78 constants, 50 creating forms, 251 creating table in MySQL, 238 deleting data from MySQL database, 242 describing table in MySQL, 239 determining web server’s document root, 270 difference between echo and print commands, 51 dropping table in MySQL, 240 dynamic linking, 85 echo <<< statement, 48, 252 expressions, 61 form handling creating forms, 251 program converting between Fahrenheit and Celsius, 264–266 retrieving submitted data, 253–264 sanitizing input, 263 form validation, redisplaying form after, 370–375 functions, 52 IDEs, listing of, 32 incorporating within HTML, 33 498 | Index calling PHP parser, 34 inserting and deleting data in MySQL (example), 232–238 $_POST array, 234 deleting a record, 235 displaying form, 236 querying database, 236 running program, 237 inserting and deleting data in MySQL table, deleting a record, 235 multiple-line commands, 47 operators, 42–45, 63–70 arithmetic, 42 assignment, 43 comparison, 43 logical, 44 performing secondary query on MySQL table, 244 phpDesigner IDE, 30 preventing HTML and XSS injections in MySQL, 248 preventing SQL injection in MySQL, 245– 248 using placeholders, 248 program editors for, 29 querying MySQL database, 225–231 building and executing query, 228 closing connection, 231 connecting to MySQL, 227 creating login file, 226 fetching result, 229 selecting a database, 228 steps in process, 225 regular expressions in, 369 retrieving data from MySQL table, 241 semicolon (;) ending PHP statements, 37 support by Apache web server, 9 updating data in MySQL table, 242 using, 5 using AUTO_INCREMENT in MySQL table, 243 using cookies, 279–282 accessing a cookie, 281 destroying a cookie, 282 setting a cookie, 281 using for Ajax program for Ajax GET request, 397 urlget.php program (example), 398 using HTTP authentication, 282–288 checking for valid username and password, 284 login prompt, 282 storing usernames and passwords, 285 using in social networking site (see social networking site, creating) using sessions, 289–296 ending a session, 292 session security, 293–296 starting a session, 289–291 using with Ajax urlget.php program (example), 386 urlpost.php program (example), 383 xmlget.php program (example), 387 variable assignment, 45–47 escaping characters in strings, 47 incrementing and decrementing variable, 45 string concatenation, 46 string types, 46 variable scope, 53–58 variable typing, 49 variables, 38–42 arrays, 39 naming rules, 42 numeric, 39 syntax, 37 two-dimensional arrays, 40 version compatibility, checking for functions, 98 PHP 5 constructor methods, creating, 104 destructor methods, creating, 104 property and method scope, 107 static methods, 105 PHP Extension and Application Repository (see PEAR) .php file extension, 33 phpinfo function, 90 phpMyAdmin, 195 accessing MySQL from Linux, 195 accessing MySQL from Mac OS X, 195 accessing MySQL from Windows, 195 using, 197 PHPUnit, 481–484 manual for, 484 rules for writing tests, 484 phpversion function, 98 placeholders Index | 499 using to prevent SQL injection in MySQL, 247 pop method (JavaScript arrays), 350 ports, configuring for MAMP on Mac OS X, 24 $_POST array, 234 POST method, 145 Ajax program, urlpost.html (example), 380– 385 making Ajax POST request, 382 <pre> </pre> tags forcing monospaced font, 236 <pre> </pre> tags, 122, 123 precedence, operator, 64 in JavaScript, 321 precision, setting for printf display, 131 predefined constants (PHP), 51 preg_match function (PHP), 369 preg_match_all function (PHP), 369 preg_replace function (PHP), 369 primary keys, 180 adding to table retrospectively, 181 adding when creating tables, 181 importance in database design, 202 print command (PHP), echo command versus, 51 printf function (PHP), 129–133 conversion specifiers, 129 setting precision for displayed results conversion specifier components, 131 setting precision of displayed result, 131 string padding, 132 print_r function, 101 privacy, databases and, 214 private keyword (PHP 5), 108 profiles, social networking site project, 419– 424 adding profile image, 420 adding “About Me” text, 420 displaying current profile, 421 processing image, 420 viewing another member’s profile, 424 program editors, 29 properties defined, 99 JavaScript objects, 314, 342 adding new, 343 prototype property, 344 static properties, 345 PHP objects accessing, 102 declaring, 106 scope, controlling in PHP 5, 107 protected keyword (PHP 5), 108 prototype keyword (JavaScript), 344 extending objects, 345 static methods and properties, 345 prototype property (JavaScript functions), 344 pseudofunctions (constructs), 90 public keyword (PHP 5), 108 push method (JavaScript arrays), 346, 350 PuTTY program, for Telnet and SSH access on Windows, 27 Q querying MySQL database, 183–192, 225 (see also PHP, querying MySQL database) building and executing query from PHP, 228 DELETE command, 184 EXPLAIN tool for queries, 217 grouping results with GROUP BY, 191 LIMIT qualifier, 187 logical operators in WHERE queries, 194 MATCH . . . AGAINST construct, 188 SELECT command, 183 SELECT COUNT command, 183 SELECT DISTINCT command, 184 sorting results with ORDER BY, 191 UPDATE . . . SET construct, 190 using PHP, 236 WHERE keyword, 185 quotation marks, 38 (see also listings under Symbols section) escaping in JavaScript strings, 310 in JavaScript strings, 306 R \r (carriage return) in JavaScript strings, 310 in PHP strings, 47 radio buttons, 258 radio buttons in forms, 259 ranges, indicating in regular expressions, 364 readyState property (XMLHttpRequest), 382 REAL data type, 171 reference books, xiv 500 | Index . (PHP), 85 use by WordPress blogging platform, 86 dynamic web content, 1–11 Apache web server, 8 benefits of PHP, MySQL, and JavaScript, 5– 8 combination of PHP, MySQL, and JavaScript, 9 HTTP. 120 literals, 320 PHP, 62 local variables JavaScript, 312 PHP, 53 locking files in PHP, 142 log out page (social networking site project), 433 logical operators in JavaScript, 309, 324 in MySQL queries,. 123 precedence, operator, 64 in JavaScript, 321 precision, setting for printf display, 131 predefined constants (PHP), 51 preg_match function (PHP), 369 preg_match_all function (PHP), 369 preg_replace