427 Index security, 6 account, 143–144 antivirus software for, 154–155 appropriate, 254–255 audit, 148 back-door threats, 149, 152 client/server network, 22 directory, 147–148 documentation, 148 e-mail, 153, 154 external, 149 with file sharing, 24 firewall as, 74 front-door threats, 149, 150–152 internal, 142–143 Internet, 28 log in restrictions, 259–260, 261, 262 network, 28, 216–217 non-password, 146 password, 144–146 peer-to-peer network, 21 physical, 22, 151 practices, 148–149 productivity and, 254 remote access, 151 shares, 269–270 user education, 148 with web servers, 152–153 Windows, 146 Windows Server 2008, 254 wireless network, 64 security groups built-in, 265 creating, 264, 265, 266 membership in, 267, 267–268, 268 scope of, 266–267 Windows Server 2008, 263–268 security ID (SID), 255 security model, 119 segment, 38 Sequenced Packet Exchange (SPX), 31 Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA), 181–182, 191 server, 33 backups of, 188–189, 194–195 bus capabilities with, 179–180 central processing unit of, 176–178 certification for, 179 communications, 219 compatibility of, 189–190 data management by, 179–180 design of, 309 disk interfaces for, 181–182 domain controller for, 230 environment for, 309 error logs of, 194 hot-swap components for, 187 installation, 192–193, 311 leasing of, 192 maintenance, 194, 405–407 member, 230 name, 245 needs for, 187–189 processing by, 176–179 production, 226 purchase of, 191–192 RAID for, 182–186 RAM for, 180–181, 190–191 redundancy, 33 replacement of, 193 selection of, 220–221 self-monitoring of, 186–187 stand-alone, 230 storage for, 220 troubleshooting, 195 workstation and, 176 serviceability, 201–203 SERVICES file, 91–92 session layer, 31 sessions, 31, 123 seven-layer model, 28–32 shares, 268 creating, 270, 270, 271 mapping with, 271 security for, 269–270 shield, 36, 52 shielded twisted-pair (STP) cable, 47, 48–49 short-haul modem, 75, 76 SID. See security ID signal handlers, 354 signals, 354 Simple Authentication and Security Layer (SASL), 119 Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), 103, 103 IIS with, 303 Small Computer Systems Interface (SCSI), 181–182, 191 small office and home office (SOHO) networking backup, 60 hardware for, 61–62 wireless networking for, 62–64 wiring of, 62 SmartStart, 228 SMTP. See Simple Mail Transfer Protocol SNAP. See Ethernet Subnetworking Access Point social engineering, 151–152 software antivirus, 154–155 diagnostic, 192 going zombie, 353 network workstation, 205 platform-specific, 199, 200 server-testing, 228 virtual private network, 134 SOHO. See small office and home office networking SONET. See Synchronous Optical Network SOX. See Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 428 Networking: A Beginner’s Guide SPX. See Sequenced Packet Exchange SQL Server, 20 SSL. See Secure Sockets Layer stand-alone server, 230 Standard 7498, 29 star topology, 41–42, 42, 47 expense of, 44 troubleshooting, 56 step-down modes, 82 stock transactions, 393 storage, 189 network, 214, 215 off-site, 165–166, 168 server, 220 STP. See shielded twisted-pair cable structure, network, 218–220 su command, 356–357 subnet mask, 96–98 subnetting, 96–98 Sun Solaris, 335 switches, 35, 66, 69 backbone, 34 echoing by, 70 hub as, 68, 70, 70, 71 quantity of, 71 symbolic links, 338 Symmetric DSL (SDSL), 84 sync command, 350–351 Synchronous Optical Network (SONET), 44 syntax, 118 system account management, 407–411 maintenance, 399 name, 355, 355, 356 T T-1 connection, 85–86 tape archive, 347–348, 348 tar command, 347–348, 348 Task Scheduler, 276 TCP. See Transmission Control Protocol TCP/IP, 90 leasing of, 298 manual addresses for, 298 scope of, 298, 299 Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA), 51 Telnet, 102–103 temperature monitor, 33 terminations, 399, 410–411 terminator, 56–57 testing Apache web server, 362–363 compliance, 400–401 hardware, 227–228 Thick Ethernet, 48 Thin Ethernet, 41, 48, 52, 66 thousands of bits per second (Kbps), 15 thousands of hertz (KHz), 15 thread, 177 TIA. See Telecommunications Industry Association time zone, 237, 313, 314 TLDs. See top-level domain names token passing, 46 Token Ring network, 41, 42, 44 bandwidth management in, 46–47 cabling of, 49 Tomcat web server, 369 tools command-line, 342–351 documentation, 335–336 Fedora Linux, 308, 335–336, 342–357 installation, 308 process, 351–355 VMware Server, 386, 386–387, 387 top command, 354 top-level domain names (TLDs), 99 topology bus, 39, 39, 40–41, 54 common bus multipoint, 39, 39, 40–41 network, 38 ring, 44, 45 star, 41–42, 42, 44, 47, 56 TRACERT command, 72 traffic, connection devices for, 66–67 Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), 31, 90 transport layer, 31 Trojan horse, 153, 154 troubleshooting, 7 coaxial cable, 56–57 server, 195 star topology, 56 trust relationships, 116, 117 twisted-pair cabling, 48, 48–50, 49 ratings of, 51, 52 two-factor authentication system, 137 two-factor identification, 146 type command, 348 U Ubuntu Linux, 364–369, 384 desktop version, 370–371 installation, 385 ISO file, 371, 381 live cd, 384, 385 run virtual machine, 384, 384–386 UDP. See User Datagram Protocol Ultra SCSI, 182 Ultra2 SCSI, 182 Ultra160 SCSI, 182 Ultra320 SCSI, 182 Ultra640 SCSI, 182 uname command, 355, 355, 356 UNC. See Universal Naming Convention Universal Naming Convention (UNC), 271 429 Index UNIX, 21, 33 command line of, 331–333 host with, 100, 311 processes in, 351 unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cable, 47, 48, 48–49 updates, 118 upgrading backup before, 231 cost of, 203 Windows Server 2008 as, 228, 229, 231, 233, 236 uplinks, 68 uptime command, 310 U.S. Government Accounting Office (GAO), 394 U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), 392 disclosure review by, 394 USB controller, 382, 383 useful life, 204 Usenet (NetNews), 102 user, 6 account, 6, 113, 255, 256 317, 318 education, 148 Fedora Linux, 317, 318 growth rate, 214 log in list, 356 network, 214–215 remote office, 124, 125 requirements by, 215 security, 148 switching, 356–357 Windows Server 2008, 255, 256, 256–257, 257, 258–259, 259, 260, 260, 261 user account leaf object, 113 User Datagram Protocol (UDP), 90–91 User Manager program, 324–327, 325, 326, 327 UTP. See unshielded twisted-pair cable V VDSL. See Very-high-speed DSL version control, 22 Very-high-speed DSL (VDSL), 84 videoconferencing, 83 virtual device mode, 378 virtual disk, 376, 376–378, 377, 385 virtual machine, 366 backing up, 388 CD-DVD access, 380, 380–381, 381 creation of, 372–382, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380, 381, 382, 383 floppy drive access, 382, 382 guest operating system for, 385 hard disk for, 376, 376–378, 377, 385 IP address with, 379 network adapter for, 378, 378–380, 379 processors, 375 RAM for, 373, 374, 375 Ubuntu Linux, 384, 384–386 USB controller, 382, 383 virtual private network (VPN), 26 compatibility with, 133–134 cost, 132 firewall, 135 for remote access, 132, 132–134 RRAS with, 301 sensitive data on, 133 software, 134 SSL, 135–136, 136, 137–138, 138, 139 types of, 134–136 WAN or, 78 virtualization, 366 virus, 153, 154–155 VMware ESXi, 367, 368 VMware Server, 367, 368 CD-DVD access, 380, 380–381, 381 datastore, 371, 372 downloading, 369 Internet Explorer, 369 log in, 370 management console, 369–370, 371, 371, 386 RAM suggested by, 374 Tools, 386, 386–387, 387 virtual disk interface type with, 378 virtual machine with, 372–382, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380, 381, 382, 383, 386 Voice over IP (VoIP), 104 VoIP. See Voice over IP VPN. See virtual private network VT100-style terminals, 354 W wall penetration, 53 WAN. See wide area network WAP. See wireless access point web page, 364 whereis command, 350 which command, 349 whistleblower system, 391 who command, 356 wide area network (WAN), 27 connection types for, 81–87 cost of, 78 dedicated, 80, 81 file sharing in, 78 partitioning with, 114 requirements of, 79 routers for, 72 SDSL for, 84 switched link, 79–80, 80 Wide SCSI, 181 wildcards, 332 Windows, 36, 61 deleting account on, 262, 263 disabling account on, 262 Performance Monitor, 180 processors with, 176, 177 430 Networking: A Beginner’s Guide Windows (continued) Remote Access Service of, 132 Routing and Remote Access Service of, 132, 134 security of, 146 servers, 190–191 System Monitor, 127, 127 Vista, 21, 61, 206, 369 Windows Internet Name Service (WINS), 107 Windows NT, 113, 114, 115–116 Windows Server 2008, 20. See also Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Active Directory, 248, 248, 300–301 Add Features Wizard, 244, 247 Add Roles Wizard, 243, 248 customizing, 242–244 Database Edition, 224–225 DHCP services with, 298 disk, 227, 229 disk format for, 229 Domain Name System with, 300–301 domain of, 240–241, 245–249 Enterprise Edition, 224 hardware compatibility with, 225–226 hardware configuration with, 226 hardware testing for, 227–228 Initial Configuration Tasks, 236, 237–240, 241, 241–242, 242 installation, 231–250 IP address with, 238–239, 243 Log On To feature, 260–262 new domain for, 245–249 partition for, 234, 237, 238 password, 240, 254, 257–258, 258 permissions, 269 plug and play devices for, 228 preferences for, 231, 232 pre-installation decisions for, 228–231 preparation for, 225–228 processor, 226 product key, 232, 234 RAM, 226 Reliability and Performance Monitor, 276 Remote Desktop, 242 security, 254 security groups on, 263–268 server management with, 230–231 server mode for, 229–230, 244 shares, 268–271 Standard Edition, 224 Task Scheduler, 276 trial mode, 232, 233, 235 updating, 241 as upgrade, 228, 229, 231, 233, 236 user accounts with, 255, 256 user adding with, 256–257, 257, 258 user modifications with, 258–259, 259, 260, 260, 261 Windows Terminal Services with, 304 Windows Web Server 2008, 225 Windows Terminal Services, 26 as adjunct, 305 licensing with, 305 remote node connection or, 304 resources with, 304 Windows Server 2008 with, 304 Windows Vista, 21, 61, 206, 369 Windows XP, 21, 61 WINS. See Windows Internet Name Service wireless access point (WAP), 63 wireless networking, 62–64 wiring by building, 219 cable, 62 closet, 56 home-run, 219 small office and home office networking, 62 word processing, 213 workgroup, 229, 230 workstation, 176 workstation-class computer, 36 World Trade Organization (WTO), 158 worm, 154 write caching, 378 WTO. See World Trade Organization X X.25, 86–87 X.500 Directory Access Protocol (DAP), 114, 117 XenDesktop, 26 Xeon series, 178 Xerox Network Systems (XNS), 106 XNS. See Xerox Network Systems XOR. See exclusive OR data Y Y2K, 158–159 Yahoo! Mail, 26 Z zones, 300–301 . 44 syntax, 118 system account management, 407–411 maintenance, 399 name, 355, 355, 356 T T-1 connection, 85–86 tape archive, 347–348, 348 tar command, 347–348, 348 Task Scheduler, 276 TCP. See Transmission. See virtual private network VT100-style terminals, 354 W wall penetration, 53 WAN. See wide area network WAP. See wireless access point web page, 364 whereis command, 350 which command, 349 whistleblower. 228 virtual private network, 134 SOHO. See small office and home office networking SONET. See Synchronous Optical Network SOX. See Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 428 Networking: A Beginner’s Guide SPX.