Hướng dẫn tạo themes cho wordpress part 12 pot

Chapter 6 115 Log into your WordPress administration panel, and then click on Plugins. The Widget Logic plugin should appear in the Manage Plugins list. Click on the Activate link for this plugin. A message should appear at the top of the page verifying that the plugin is now activated. Now, if you visit the Active area of your Manage Plugins screen, you should see it listed, as seen in the next screenshot: Next, go to Appearance | Widgets, in order to add an Archives widget that will only display on single-post pages. Drag an Archives widget over to Sidebar 1, then enter the relevant information in the widget. For example, for the Title, enter the text Recipes by Date, place a checkmark in the Show post counts checkbox, and type the conditional statement is_single() in the Widget logic text eld. Click on the Save button in the widget form. The Archives widget should now look like the screenshot below: Sidebars 116 When we view the blog, we should now see this Archives widget only on our single posts page, as shown in the next screenshot: How it works Here you are using the various conditional tags supplied by WordPress to check for the context of the current page. Then, depending on the context, a specied widget is displayed in the dynamic sidebar, without you creating any additional sidebar les. Instead, the Widget Logic plugin allows you to use existing sidebars and add conditional behaviours to the widgets that you assign to them with the convenience of using the existing widgets panel. This allows your theme's users to display widgets conditionally depending on their needs given the different contexts. Erring on the side of giving your users more control is always a great way to go. Find the category ID (or a post ID, and so on) by hovering your mouse over the Edit link of your category or other item. The category ID will appear in the status bar of your browser. Chapter 6 117 There's more In this recipe, we focused on controlling the content that appeared in existing sidebars, by using a plugin that accepted conditional tags. This is an area of WordPress that you can dive into and customize the display of widgets in your sidebars as much as you like. Getting more out of conditional tags There is much more that you can do with both the Widget Logic plugin and conditional tags. To learn more, visit: http://codex.wordpress.org/Conditional_Tags/ http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/widget-logic/faq/ Specic sidebars for custom theme pages An alternate method in cases where you want to explicitly use specic pages in your theme pack and provide them to users (such as a gallery, table of contents, and so on) is to create a unique sidebar page for each corresponding template page, and then call the sidebar in the appropriate page. You may also want to assign default widgets to the different sidebars, as well. For example, create a sidebar page called sidebar-toc.php, adding a dynamic sidebar function call: <?php if ( function_exists ( dynamic_sidebar(1) ) ) : ?> <div id="my-sidebar-div"> <ul id="my-sidebar-ulstyle"> <?php dynamic_sidebar (1); ?> <li> //table of contents conditional statements or other content here </li> </ul></div> <?php endif; ?> The 1 in dynamic_sidebar(1) is the number that WordPress uses to identify the sidebar. It considers the default sidebar (sidebar.php) to be sidebar(0). If you already have other sidebars before adding one, like in this example, you will need to number it appropriately. In functions.php, you register the sidebar by the name toc: <?php if ( function_exists ('register_sidebar')) { register_sidebar ('toc'); } ?>   Sidebars 118 Finally, open the table-contents.php (or whatever you name that page) and place a get_sidebar tag: <? get_sidebar('toc'); ?> Save all les, and then upload them to your theme. Visit http://codex.wordpress.org/ Customizing_Your_Sidebar to learn more. Showing asides in the sidebar by using the Miniposts plugin Asides are a concept unique to blogging. When a blogger wants to say something, but there isn't enough content to constitute an entire post, they can put it in a special "Aside" category that is displayed in the sidebar, or use a plugin to assign posts as "asides". Getting ready You will need a theme that contains a sidebar.php le, or else you can create one using earlier recipes in this book. We will be using a variation of the Classic WordPress theme in this recipe. How to do it Download the Miniposts plugin from http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/ miniposts/ , and unzip the folder. Look for the miniposts folder inside the wrapper folder, and upload it to the plugins folder of your theme. Log into your WordPress administration panel, and then click on Plugins. Click on the Activate link to activate the Miniposts plugin. Next, go to Appearance | Widgets and drag the Miniposts widget to the main sidebar. There is no additional default conguration for this widget. Finally, go to the Posts panel and create a new post to be an aside. Place text in the main post and the excerpt texteld. Place a check against any categories that you like. The most important step at this point is to place a check in the Miniposts This is a mini post checkbox. Chapter 6 119 You can see an example post in the following screenshot: Any posts that you create and mark as Miniposts will now appear in your sidebar. The next screenshot shows an example of how an aside post will appear in a sidebar: Sidebars 120 How it works Miniposts singles out any post that you identify as a minipost from the regular posts on your blog and causes them to be displayed in your sidebar. Read more about the Miniposts plugin at http://www.piepalace.ca/blog/projects/miniposts/. There's more… You can also create your own custom asides. Creating custom asides Back in the dark ages of WordPress, before version 2.8, creating asides often meant hacking into code. If you are interested in asides and want to customize them for your theme, you can learn more about them at http://codex.wordpress.org/Adding_Asides. Adding an interactive Facebook-style wall to a sidebar by using jQuery Visitors love interactive features on blogs. This recipe will help you create a Facebook-style interactive wall so that you can communicate quickly, in a sidebar. Getting ready You will need a WordPress theme that uses a widgetized sidebar, meaning that you should be able to manage your widgets under the Appearance panel of your administration area. How to do it Download WP Wall from http://www.prelovac.com/vladimir/wordpress-plugins/ wp-wall . Unzip the folder, and then upload the wp-wall folder (be careful to upload the inner wp-wall folder and not the outside download wrapper folder, in which also named wp-wall) to your /wp-content/plugins/ folder. Log in to your administration panel and go to the Plugins page. Click on the Activate link for the plugin to activate it. Add the widget to a sidebar, and then expand the widget to view the Options link (you can also nd the options for WP Wall in your administration panel under Settings | WP Wall). Click on it to view the options page. Chapter 6 121 Next, we set the options. There is a long list of options for this plugin, so we will focus on the most important ones. Under the General Options heading, set the Title for the widget to Say What? and change the Leave a reply text to Say it. Next, enter 10 in the Number of comments to show box. Finally, place a check in the following checkboxes: Show 'All' link, Show email eld in the form, Show gravatar images, Show post comment box expanded by default, and Reverse order of displayed comments. Select two checkboxes in the Comments heading: Only registered users can post and Treat admin deleted comments as spam. An example of how many of the settings for WP Wall should appear is shown in the following screenshot: Sidebars 122 Save your settings, and then go back to your widgets panel to verify that the widget has been placed on your preferred sidebar and that the title is correct. Save the widget, and then view it in your browser window. Add a comment or two (invite a few friends over to try it out as well), and you should see something similar to the next screenshot: How it works The WP Wall creates a site-wide comments system for your blog. When you install and activate the plugin, it creates additional hooks into the existing WordPress comments by adding additional functions. Conguring a WP Wall widget allows you to leverage the security features of WordPress comments and the exibility to add the wall to all of the pages of your blog, or restrict it to specic sidebars or areas. There's more WP Wall allows you to create a simple wall to dene complex options and behaviours. Doing more with WP Wall Read up on the many additional options and discover more ways to use WP Wall with your blog by visiting http://www.prelovac.com/vladimir/wordpress-plugins/wp-wall. 7 Custom Page Templates In this chapter, we will cover: Creating a simple page template Creating an archives page template Creating a taxonomy navigation template Displaying author avatars and descriptions Creating a table of contents page template Showing your pictures from Flickr Displaying a special template for a specic category Introduction One of the most important reasons for the proliferation of WordPress-based sites is the ease with which the software allows web developers and designers to display different content in a myriad of different ways. This starts in the core and extends to the theming system. First, there is the concept of core template les. Out of the box, WordPress will attempt to load predetermined template les for different types of content. For example, the author.php le, if it exists, is used when a user visits an author's post listing page. Likewise, the home.php le is used when a visitor happens upon the root of the site.        Custom Page Templates 124 On top of this base system, there is a whole additional level available to theme developers. The developers can create specic page templates that display a variety of content in a very specic way. The templates are created individually when the theme is being developed, and they may or may not rely upon user-supplied content. These types of templates are activated, per page, by the user, from the WordPress administrative area. These types of template les are particularly useful for static page content or when you need to completely override the appearance of a particular piece of content. Creating a simple page template The rst thing that we'll cover in this chapter is creating a simple page template. This recipe shows the specic markup that you need to include in a PHP le in order to make sure that WordPress recognizes it as a page template. In addition, we'll demonstrate how to choose a page template when creating a page. When you get to the end of this recipe, you'll be fully equipped to create and use new page templates with your custom themes. Getting ready To properly use the techniques in this recipe, you'll need to be working with a theme that you previously acquired or developed. If you haven't started developing a custom theme yet, I recommend using the Thematic theme. It can be freely downloaded from the WordPress.org Theme Repository at http://wordpress.org/extend/themes/thematic/. How to do it To create a custom page template, you start by creating a single le. In general, the lename should be descriptive of its content or purpose and should clearly delineate it as a page template. Open your theme's directory and create a new le called hello-world-page- template.php . Next, you need to add the appropriate markup that lets WordPress recognize the le as a page template. Open the le that you just created ( hello-world-page-template.php) for editing, and insert the following code at the very top of the le: <?php /* Template Name: Hello World */ ?> If you've worked with PHP before, you'll immediately recognize this as a standard comment block. Inside of the comment block is a specially-formatted string that tells WordPress that this is a page template. We'll go over the details of how WordPress works with this le later, but for now let's move on to displaying content. . user, from the WordPress administrative area. These types of template les are particularly useful for static page content or when you need to completely override the appearance of a particular. recommend using the Thematic theme. It can be freely downloaded from the WordPress. org Theme Repository at http:/ /wordpress. org/extend /themes/ thematic/. How to do it To create a custom page template,. additional hooks into the existing WordPress comments by adding additional functions. Conguring a WP Wall widget allows you to leverage the security features of WordPress comments and the exibility