Costein’s LDS Test Medium 455 Bovine serum 100.0mL Nystatin solution 1.15mL L-Cystine (1% solution) 1.0mL Egg yolk emulsion 10 eggs pH 7.4 ± 0.2 at 25°C Solution A: Composition per liter: Meat extract 9.0g Proteose peptone No. 3 9.0g NaCl 2.7g Glucose 1.8g Na 2 HPO 4 ·12H 2 O 1.8g K 2 TeO 3 (2% solution) 75.0mL L-Cystine (1% solution) 10.0mL Caution: Potassium tellurite is toxic. Preparation of Solution A: Add components to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 985.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Filter sterilize. Egg Yolk Emulsion: Composition : Chicken egg yolks 9 Whole chicken egg 1 Preparation of Egg Yolk Emulsion: Soak eggs with 1:100 dilu- tion of saturated mercuric chloride solution for 1 min. Crack eggs and separate yolks from whites. Mix egg yolks with 1 chicken egg. Filter sterilize. Nystatin Solution: Composition per 10.0mL: Nystatin 10,000U Preparation of Nystatin Solution: Add nystatin to distilled/de- ionized water and bring volume to 10.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Filter ster- ilize. L-Cystine Solution: Composition per 10.0mL: L-Cystine 0.1g Preparation of L-Cystine Solution: Add L-cystine to distilled/de- ionized water and bring volume to 10.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Filter ster- ilize. Preparation of Medium: To 985.0mL of sterile solution A, asepti- cally add the remaining components. Mix thoroughly. Aseptically dis- tribute into sterile tubes in 2.0–3.0mL volumes. Use: For the isolation and cultivation of Corynebacterium diphthe- riae. Corynebacterium Medium with Blood (DSMZ Medium 240) Composition per liter: Agar 15.0g Casein peptone, tryptic digest 10.0g Yeast extract 5.0g Glucose 5.0g NaCl 5.0g Distilled water 1000.0mL Sheep or horse blood, defibrinated 50.0mL pH 7.3 ± 0.2 at 25°C Preparation of Medium: Add components, except sheep or horse blood, to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 950.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool to 45°–50°C. Aseptically add sterile sheep or horse blood. Mix thoroughly. Pour into sterile Petri dishes or distribute into sterile tubes. Use: For the cultivation of Streptococcus alactolyticus, Corynebacte- rium spp., Desemzia incerta=Brevibacterium incertum, and Moraxella bovis. Corynebacterium Medium CII Composition per liter: CaCO 3 20.0g Agar 15.0g Sucrose 10.0g Yeast extract 4.0g Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Pour into sterile Petri dishes or leave in tubes. Use: For the cultivation of Clavibacter michiganensis. Corynebacterium Medium with Salt (DSMZ Medium 229) Composition per liter: NaCl 65.0g Agar 15.0g Casein peptone, tryptic digest 10.0g Yeast extract 5.0g Glucose 5.0g pH 7.3 ± 0.2 at 25°C Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Pour into sterile Petri dishes or leave in tubes. Use: For the cultivation and maintenance of Nesterenkonia halo- bia=Micrococcus halobius. Costein’s LDS Test Medium Composition per liter: Meat peptone 4.5g Papaic digest of soybean meal 2.0g Yeast extract 3.0g NaCl 5.0g D-Glucose 1.0g L-Lysine monohydrochloride 10.0g Na 2 S 2 O 3 0.2g Fe(NH 4 ) 2 (SO 4 ) 2 ·6H 2 O 0.2g Bromocresol Purple 0.032 Agar 6.0g pH 5.6 ± 0.2 at 25°C Source: This medium is available from HiMedia. Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Distribute into tubes. Overlay with viscous parrafin. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure– 121°C. Allow tubes to solidify in a vertical position. Use: For the identification of members of Enterobacteriaceae on the basis of lysine decarboxylase and hydrogen sulfide production. © 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC 456 Cow Manure Agar Cow Manure Agar Composition per liter: Cow manure 50.0g Agar 15.0g Preparation of Medium: Add cow manure to tap water and bring volume to 1.0L. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Boil for 1 hr. Filter through cheesecloth. Filter through Whatman filter paper. Bring volume to 1.0L with tap water. Add agar. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pres- sure–121°C. Pour into sterile Petri dishes or leave in tubes. Use: For the cultivation of Streptomyces species. CP Medium Composition per liter: Peptone 2.5g Starch 2.0g NaNO 3 0.38g Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane buffer 0.25g K 2 HPO 4 0.038g MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.038g CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O 0.017g NaCl 0.013g TC vitamins minimal eagle, 100X 5.0mL Solution 1 1.0mL Solution 2 1.0mL Solution 3 1.0mL Solution 4 1.0mL Vitamin B 12 solution 0.2mL pH 8.7 ± 0.2 at 25°C TC Vitamins Minimal Eagle 100X: Composition per liter: Inositol 2.0mg Choline chloride 1.0mg Folic acid 1.0mg Nicotinamide 1.0mg Calcium pantothenate 1.0mg Pyridoxal 1.0mg Thiamine·HCl 1.0mg Riboflavin 0.1mg Preparation of TC Vitamins Minimal Eagle, 100X: Add com- ponents to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Filter sterilize. Solution 1: Composition per 100.0mL: EDTA 5.0g KOH 3.1g Preparation of Solution 1: Add components to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 100.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Solution 2: Composition per liter: FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O 4.98g Preparation of Solution 2: Add FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O to distilled/deionized water acidified with 1.0mL of H 2 SO 4 . Bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thor- oughly. Solution 3: Composition per 100.0mL: H 3 BO 3 1.14g Preparation of Solution 3: Add H 3 BO 3 to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 100.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Solution 4: Composition per 100.0mL: ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.88g MnCl 2 ·4H 2 O 0.144g MoO 3 0.071g CoNO 3 ·6H 2 O 0.049g CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O 0.016g Preparation of Solution 4: Add components to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 100.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Vitamin B 12 Solution Composition per 10.0mL: Vitamin B 12 10.0mg Preparation of Vitamin B 12 Solution: Add vitamin B 12 to dis- tilled/deionized water and bring volume to 10.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Filter sterilize. Preparation of Medium: Add components, except for vitamin so- lutions, to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 995.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Aseptically add vitamin solutions. Mix thorough- ly. Use: For the cultivation of Lysobacter species. CP Medium for Coprothermobacter proteolyticus Composition per 1010.0mL: NaHCO 3 8.4g Pancreatic digest of casein 2.0g Yeast extract 2.0g MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O 1.0g NH 4 Cl 1.0g CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O 0.4g K 2 HPO 4 ·3H 2 O 0.4g Resazurin 0.5mg Gelatin solution 100.0mL Na 2 S·9H 2 O solution 10.0mL Wolfe’s mineral solution 10.0mL pH 7.0 ± 0.2 at 25°C Gelatin Solution: Composition per 100.0mL: Gelatin 3.0g Preparation of Gelatin Solution: Add gelatin to distilled/deion- ized water and bring volume to 100.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Sparge with 100% N 2 . Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Na 2 S·9H 2 O Solution: Composition per 10.0mL: Na 2 S·9H 2 O 0.5g Preparation of Na 2 S·9H 2 O Solution: Add Na 2 S·9H 2 O to dis- tilled/deionized water and bring volume to 10.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Sparge with 100% N 2 . Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Before use, neutralize to pH 7.0 with sterile HCl. Wolfe’s Mineral Solution: Composition per liter: MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O 3.0g Nitrilotriacetic acid 1.5g NaCl 1.0g MnSO 4 ·2H 2 O 0.5g © 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC CPC Agar Base with Cellobiose, Colistin, and Polymyxin B 457 CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O 0.1g ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.1g CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O 0.1g FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.1g NiCl 2 ·6H 2 O 0.025g KAl(SO 4 ) 2 ·12H 2 O 0.02g CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O 0.01g H 3 BO 3 0.01g Na 2 MoO 4 ·2H 2 O 0.01g Na 2 SeO 3 ·5H 2 O 0.3mg Preparation of Wolfe’s Mineral Solution: Add nitrilotriacetic acid to 500.0mL of distilled/deionized water. Adjust pH to 6.5 with KOH. Add remaining components. Add distilled/deionized water to 1.0L. Adjust pH to 6.8. Preparation of Medium: Prepare medium anaerobically under 100% CO 2 . Add components, except gelatin solution, Na 2 S·9H 2 O so- lution, and Wolfe’s mineral solution, to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 880.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Cool to room temperature while sparging with 100% CO 2 . Sparge with 100% CO 2 for 20 min. Adjust pH to 7.0. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Aseptically and anaerobically add 100.0mL of sterile gelatin solution, 10.0mL of sterile Na 2 S·9H 2 O so- lution, and 10.0mL of sterile Wolfe’s mineral solution to each tube. Mix thoroughly. Use: For the cultivation of Coprothermobacter proteolyticus. CP Medium for Thermobacteroides leptospartum Composition per 1010.0mL: NaHCO 3 8.4g Pancreatic digest of casein 2.0g Yeast extract 2.0g MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O 1.0g NH 4 Cl 1.0g CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O 0.4g K 2 HPO 4 ·3H 2 O 0.4g Resazurin 0.5mg Glucose solution 100.0mL Na 2 S·9H 2 O solution 10.0mL Wolfe’s mineral solution 10.0mL pH 7.0 ± 0.2 at 25°C Glucose Solution: Composition per 100.0mL: D-Glucose 5.0g Preparation of Glucose Solution: Add glucose to distilled/deion- ized water and bring volume to 100.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Sparge with 100% N 2 . Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Na 2 S·9H 2 O Solution: Composition per 10.0mL: Na 2 S·9H 2 O 0.5g Preparation of Na 2 S·9H 2 O Solution: Add Na 2 S·9H 2 O to dis- tilled/deionized water and bring volume to 10.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Sparge with 100% N 2 . Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Before use, neutralize to pH 7.0 with sterile HCl. Wolfe’s Mineral Solution: Composition per liter: MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O 3.0g Nitrilotriacetic acid 1.5g NaCl 1.0g MnSO 4 ·2H 2 O 0.5g CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O 0.1g ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.1g CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O 0.1g FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.1g NiCl 2 ·6H 2 O 0.025g KAl(SO 4 ) 2 ·12H 2 O 0.02g CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O 0.01g H 3 BO 3 0.01g Na 2 MoO 4 ·2H 2 O 0.01g Na 2 SeO 3 ·5H 2 O 0.3mg Preparation of Wolfe’s Mineral Solution: Add nitrilotriacetic acid to 500.0mL of distilled/deionized water. Adjust pH to 6.5 with KOH. Add remaining components. Add distilled/deionized water to 1.0L. Adjust pH to 6.8. Preparation of Medium: Prepare medium anaerobically under 100% CO 2 . Add components, except glucose solution, Na 2 S·9H 2 O solution, and Wolfe’s mineral solution, to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 880.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Cool to room temperature while sparging with 100% CO 2 . Sparge with 100% CO 2 for 20 min. Adjust pH to 7.0. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Aseptically and anaerobically add 100.0mL of sterile glucose solution, 10.0mL of sterile Na 2 S·9H 2 O solution, and 10.0mL of sterile Wolfe’s min- eral solution to each tube. Mix thoroughly. Use: For the cultivation of Thermobacteroides leptospartum. CPC Agar See: Cellobiose Polymyxin Colistin Agar CPC Agar Base with Cellobiose, Colistin, and Polymyxin B Composition per liter: NaCl 20.0g Agar 15.0g Cellobiose 15.0g Peptic digest of animal tissue 10.0g Beef extract 5.0g Bromthymol Blue 0.04g Cresol Red 0.04g Cellobiose colistin polymyxin B solution 100.0mL pH 7.6 ± 0.2 at 25°C Source: This medium, without cellobiose colistin polymyxin B solu- tion, is available as a premixed powder from HiMedia. Cellobiose Colistin Polymyxin B Solution: Composition per 100.0mL: Cellobiose 15.0g Colistin 1,360,000U Polymyxin B 100,000U Preparation of Cellobiose Colistin Polymyxin B Solution: Add components to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 100.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Filter sterilize. Preparation of Medium: Add components, except cellobiose co- listin polymyxin B solution, to tap water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Aseptically add 100.0mL of sterile cellobio- se colistin polymyxin B solution to 900.0 mL of the cooled agar base. Mix thoroughly. Pour into sterile Petri dishes. Use within 7 days. © 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC 458 CPC HiVeg Agar Base with Cellobiose, Colistin, and Polymyxin B Use: For the cultivation and identification of Vibrio species from foods. CPC HiVeg Agar Base with Cellobiose, Colistin, and Polymyxin B Composition per liter: NaCl 20.0g Agar 15.0g Cellobiose 15.0g Plant peptone 10.0g Plant extract 5.0g Bromthymol Blue 0.04g Cresol Red 0.04g Cellobiose colistin polymyxin B solution 100.0mL pH 7.6 ± 0.2 at 25°C Source: This medium, without cellobiose colistin polymyxin B solu- tion, is available as a premixed powder from HiMedia. Cellobiose Colistin Polymyxin B Solution: Composition per 100.0mL: Cellobiose 15.0g Colistin 1,360,000U Polymyxin B 100,000U Preparation of Cellobiose Colistin Polymyxin B Solution: Add components to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 100.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Filter sterilize. Preparation of Medium: Add components, except cellobiose co- listin polymyxin B solution, to tap water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Aseptically add 100.0mL of sterile cellobio- se colistin polymyxin B solution to 900.0 mL of the cooled agar base. Mix thoroughly. Pour into sterile Petri dishes. Use within 7 days. Use: For the cultivation and identification of Vibrio species from foods. CPC Medium Composition per liter: Sucrose 30.0g Peptone 2.0g Casein hydrolysate 1.0g K 2 HPO 4 ·3H 2 O 1.0g KCl 0.5g MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.5g FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.1g pH 7.2 ± 0.2 at 25°C Preparation of Medium: Add components to tap water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Auto- clave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Use: For the cultivation of Actinoplanes species. CR Agar See: Congo Red Agar Craig’s Medium Composition per liter: Casein acid hydrolysate 30.0g Yeast extract 4.0g K 2 HPO 4 0.5g Glucose solution 20.0mL pH 7.2 ± 0.2 at 25°C Source: This medium is available from HiMedia. Glucose Solution: Composition per 100.0mL: Glucose 20.0g Preparation of Glucose Solution: Add glucose to distilled/deion- ized water and bring volume to 100.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Filter ster- ilize. Preparation of Medium: Add components, except glucose solu- tion, to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 980.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool to 50°C. Aseptically add glucose solution. Mix thoroughly. Aseptically distribute into sterile tubes. Use: For the enrichment and cultivation of Vibrio cholerae during test- ing of enterotoxigenicity. CRAMP Agar See: Congo Red Acid Morpholinepropanesulfonic Acid Pigmentation Agar CRAMP HiVeg Agar Base Composition per liter: Agarose 14.0g Morpholine propane sulfonic acid 8.4g Tricine 1.8g NaCl 2.9g Galactose 2.0g Plant acid hydrolysate 2.0g Na 2 S 2 O 3 0.6g NH 4 Cl 0.5g K 2 HPO 4 0.24g MgSO 4 0.0986g Congo Red 0.005g pH 5.3 ± 0.2 at 25°C Source: This medium is available as a premixed powder from Hi- Media. Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Adjust pH to 5.3. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Pour into sterile Petri dishes or leave in tubes. Use: For the cultivation of Yersinia species with plasmids. CREA (Creatine Agar) Composition per liter: Sucrose 30.0g Agar 15.0g Creatine·H 2 O 3.0g K 3 P0 4 ·7H 2 O 1.6g Bromcresol Purple 50.0mg Minerals solution 10.0mL Trace minerals solution 1.0mL © 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC Creatinine/NMH Medium 459 Minerals Solution: Composition per 100.0mL: KCl 5.0g MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O 5.0g FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.1g Preparation of Minerals Solution: Add components to distilled/ deionized water and bring volume to 100.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Trace Minerals Solution: Composition per 100.0mL: ZnS0 4 ·7H 2 O 1.0g CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O 0.5g Preparation of Trace Minerals Solution: Add components to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 100.0mL. Mix thorough- ly. Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Pour into sterile Petri dishes or leave in tubes. Use: For the cultivation and maintenance of Penicillium species. Creatinine Agar Composition per liter: Agar 15.0g Na 2 HPO 4 ·12H 2 O 9.0g NaCl 5.0g KH 2 PO 4 1.5g Creatinine 1.0g Meat extract 1.0g Yeast extract 1.0g MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.2g MnCl 2 ·4H 2 O 20.0mg CaCl 2 1.2mg Glucose solution 100.0mL Glucose Solution: Composition per 100.0mL: Glucose 5.0g Preparation of Glucose Solution: Add glucose to distilled/deion- ized water and bring volume to 100.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Filter ster- ilize. Warm to 50°C. Preparation of Medium: Add components, except glucose solu- tion, to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 900.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool to 50°–55°C. Aseptically add 100.0mL of sterile glucose solution. Mix thoroughly. Pour into sterile Petri dishes or distribute into sterile tubes. Use: For the cultivation and maintenance of Pseudomonas species and other bacteria that can utilize creatinine. Creatinine Medium Composition per liter: Creatinine 5.0g Agar 2.0g Fumaric acid 2.0g K 2 HPO 4 2.0g Yeast extract 1.0g Salt solution 10.0mL pH 6.8 ± 0.2 at 25°C Salt Solution: Composition per liter: MgSO 4 12.2g FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O 2.8g MnSO 4 ·H 2 O 1.7g CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O 0.76g NaCl 0.6g Na 2 MoO 4 ·2H 2 O 0.1g ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.06g HCl (0.1N solution) 1.0L Preparation of Salt Solution: Dissolve salts in 1.0L of 0.1N HCl solution. Mix thoroughly. Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Adjust pH to 6.8 with NaOH or KOH. Gently heat until boiling. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Use: For the cultivation and maintenance of Pseudomonas species. Creatinine Medium (LMG 107) Composition per liter: Creatinine 5.0g Fumaric acid 2.0g K 2 HPO 4 2.0g Yeast extract 1.0g Salt solution 10.0mL pH 6.8 ± 0.2 at 25°C Salt Solution: Composition per liter: MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O 25.0g FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O 2.8g MnSO 4 ·H 2 O 1.7g CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O 0.76g NaCl 0.6g Na 2 MoO 4 ·2H 2 O 0.1g ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O 60.0mg HCl (0.1M solution) 1.0L Preparation of Salt Solution: Add components to distilled/deion- ized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Use: For the cultivation and maintenance of Flavobacterium filamen- tosum. Creatinine/NMH Medium Composition per 1100.0mL: Yeast extract 5.0g NaCl 1.0g NaHCO 3 1.0g MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.5g Na 2 S·9H 2 O 0.5g MnCl 2 ·4H 2 O 0.06g CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O 0.05g FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.01g Na 2 SeO 3 ·5H 2 O 26.0μg Vitamin B 12 20.0μg Resazurin 1.0mg © 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC 460 CreDm1 Medium Phosphate solution 100.0mL Creatinine solution 100.0mL Trace elements solution SL-4 10.0mL Vitamin solution 10.0mL L-Cysteine·HCl solution 10.0mL Na 2 S·9H 2 O solution 10.0mL pH 7.0 ± 0.2 at 25°C Phosphate Solution: Composition per 100.0mL: K 2 HPO 4 5.33g KH 2 PO 4 2.64g Preparation of Phosphate Solution: Add components to dis- tilled/deionized water and bring volume to 100.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Sparge with 100% N 2 . Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Creatinine Solution: Composition per 100.0mL: Creatinine 5.5g Preparation of Creatinine Solution: Add creatinine to distilled/ deionized water and bring volume to 100.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Sparge with 100% N 2 . Filter sterilize. Trace Elements Solution SL-4: Composition per liter: EDTA 0.5g FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.2g Trace elements solution SL-6 100.0mL Trace Elements Solution SL-6: Composition per liter: MnCl 2 ·4H 2 O 0.5g H 3 BO 3 0.3g CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O 0.2g ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.1g Na 2 MoO 4 ·2H 2 O 0.03g NiCl 2 ·6H 2 O 0.02g CuCl 2 ·2H 2 O 0.01g Preparation of Trace Elements Solution SL-6: Add components to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Preparation of Trace Elements Solution SL-4: Add components to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Vitamin Solution: Composition per liter: Pyridoxine·HCl 10.0mg Calcium DL-pantothenate 5.0mg Lipoic acid 5.0mg Nicotinic acid 5.0mg p-Aminobenzoic acid 5.0mg Riboflavin 5.0mg Thiamine·HCl 5.0mg Biotin 2.0mg Folic acid 2.0mg Vitamin B 12 0.1mg Preparation of Vitamin Solution: Add components to distilled/ deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. L-Cysteine·HCl Solution: Composition per 10.0mL: L-Cysteine·HCl 0.5g Preparation of L-Cysteine·HCl Solution: Add L-cysteine·HCl to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 10.0mL. Mix thorough- ly. Sparge with 100% N 2 . Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure– 121°C. Na 2 S·9H 2 O Solution: Composition per 10.0mL: Na 2 S·9H 2 O 0.5g Preparation of Na 2 S·9H 2 O Solution: Add Na 2 S·9H 2 O to dis- tilled/deionized water and bring volume to 10.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Sparge with 100% N 2 . Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Preparation of Medium: Add components, except creatinine solu- tion, phosphate solution, L-cysteine·HCl solution, and Na 2 S·9H 2 O so- lution, to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 880.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Adjust pH to 7.0. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure– 121°C. Aseptically and anaerobically add 100.0mL of sterile phos- phate solution, 10.0mL of sterile L-cysteine·HCl solution, and 10.0mL of sterile Na 2 S·9H 2 O solution. Immediately prior to use, aseptically and anaerobically add 100.0mL of sterile creatinine solution. Mix thor- oughly. Aseptically and anaerobically distribute into tubes or bottles. Use: For the cultivation and maintenance of Clostridium species. CreDm1 Medium Composition per 1002.0mL: Solution A 980.0mL Solution D (Vitamin solution) 10.0mL Solution E 10.0mL Solution B (Trace elements solution SL-10) 1.0mL Solution C (Selentite-tungstate solution) 1.0mL pH 6.7–6.9 at 25°C Solution A: Composition per 980.0mL: KH 2 PO 4 1.4g NH 4 Cl 0.5g MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O 0.2g CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O 0.15g Yeast extract 50.0mg Preparation of Solution A: Add components to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 980.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Solution B (Trace Elements Solution SL-10): Composition per liter: FeCl 2 ·4H 2 O 1.5g CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O 190.0mg MnCl 2 ·4H 2 O 100.0mg ZnCl 2 70.0mg Na 2 MoO 4 ·2H 2 O 36.0mg NiCl 2 ·6H 2 O 24.0mg H 3 BO 3 6.0mg CuCl 2 ·2H 2 O 2.0mg HCl (25% solution) 10.0mL Preparation of Solution B (Trace Elements Solution SL-10): Add FeCl 2 ·4H 2 O to 10.0mL of HCl solution. Mix thoroughly. Add dis- tilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Add remaining com- ponents. Mix thoroughly. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure– 121°C. Solution C (Selenite-Tungstate Solution): Composition per liter: NaOH 0.5g Na 2 WO 4 ·2H 2 O 4.0mg Na 2 SeO 3 ·5H 2 O 3.0mg © 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC Cryptoanaerobacter Medium 461 Preparation of Solution C (Selenite-Tungstate Solution): Add components to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Solution D (Vitamin Solution): Composition per liter: Pyridoxine·HCl 10.0mg Calcium DL-pantothenate 5.0mg Lipoic acid 5.0mg Nicotinic acid 5.0mg p-Aminobenzoic acid 5.0mg Riboflavin 5.0mg Thiamine·HCl 5.0mg Biotin 2.0mg Folic acid 2.0mg Vitamin B 12 0.1mg Preparation of Solution D (Vitamin Solution): Add components to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Filter sterilize. Solution E: Composition per 10.0mL: Disodium-DL-malate 1.6g Preparation of Solution E: Add disodium-DL-malate to distilled/ deionized water and bring volume to 10.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Auto- clave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Preparation of Medium: Aseptically combine 980.0mL of sterile solution A with 1.0mL of sterile solution B, 1.0mL of sterile solution C, 10.0mL of sterile solution D, and 10.0mL of sterile solution E, in that order. Mix thoroughly. Adjust pH to 6.7–6.9. Aseptically distribute into sterile tubes or flasks. Use: For the cultivation of Campylobacter species. Crithidia Medium Composition per liter: Sucrose 15.0g Pancreatic digest of casein 6.0g Yeast extract 1.0g Liver concentrate 0.1g Hemin solution 5.0mL pH 7.8 ± 0.2 at 25°C Hemin Solution: Composition per 2.5mL: Hemin 25.0mg Triethanolamine (TEA) 2.5mL Preparation of Hemin Solution: Add hemin to 2.5mL trietha- nolamine. Mix thoroughly. Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Adjust pH to 7.8. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure– 121°C. Slight hemin precipitate may occur. Use: For the cultivation of Crithidia acanthocephali, Crithidia deanei, Crithidia fasciculata, Crithidia harmosa, Crithidia hutneri, Crithidia luciliae, Crithidia mellificae, Crithidia oncopelti, Crithidia species, Herpetomonas samuelpessoai, Leptomonas pyrrhocoris, and Phyto- monas davidi. CRMOX Agar See: Congo Red-Magnesium Oxalate Agar Crossley Milk Medium Composition per liter: Skim milk powder 100.0g Peptone 10.0g Bromcresol Purple 0.1g pH 5.8 ± 0.2 at 25°C Source: This medium is available as a premixed powder from Oxoid Unipath. Preparation of Medium: Add components to a very small volume of distilled/deionized water and mix to a paste. Gradually add more dis- tilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Distribute in 10.0mL volumes into tubes. Autoclave for 5 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Use: For the routine examination of canned food samples for anaero- bic bacteria. Cryptoanaerobacter Medium (DSMZ Medium 1022) Composition per liter: Solution A 650.0mL Clostridium sporogenes supernatant 350.0mL pH 7.5–8.0 at 25°C Solution A: Composition per 650.0mL: Yeast extract 5.0g NaHCO 3 4.0g Casamino acids 1.0g 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid 0.45g KH 2 PO 4 0.4g NH 4 Cl 0.4g Resazurin 0.5mg Vitamin solution 10.0mL Magnesium chloride solution 10.0mL Calcium chloride solution 10.0mL Trace element solution SL-10 1.0mL Selenite/tungstate solution 1.0mL Selenite/Tungstate Solution: Composition per liter: NaOH 0.5g Na 2 WO 4 ·2H 2 O 4.0mg Na 2 SeO 3 ·5H 2 O 3.0mg Preparation of Selenite/Tungstate Solution: Add components to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Sparge with 100% N 2 . Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Trace Elements Solution SL-10: Composition per liter: FeCl 2 ·4H 2 O 1.5g CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O 190.0mg MnCl 2 ·4H 2 O 100.0mg ZnCl 2 70.0mg Na 2 MoO 4 ·2H 2 O 36.0mg NiCl 2 ·6H 2 O 24.0mg H 3 BO 3 6.0mg CuCl 2 ·2H 2 O 2.0mg HCl (25% solution) 10.0mL Preparation of Trace Elements Solution SL-10: Add FeCl 2 ·4H 2 O to 10.0mL of HCl solution. Mix thoroughly. Add distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Add remaining components. Mix thor- © 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC 462 CRYS Medium oughly. Sparge with 100% N 2 . Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure– 121°C. Vitamin Solution: Composition per liter: Pyridoxine-HCl 10.0mg Thiamine-HCl·2H 2 O 5.0mg Riboflavin 5.0mg Nicotinic acid 5.0mg D-Ca-pantothenate 5.0mg p-Aminobenzoic acid 5.0mg Lipoic acid 5.0mg Biotin 2.0mg Folic acid 2.0mg Vitamin B 12 0.1mg Preparation of Vitamin Solution: Add components to distilled/ deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Sparge with 80% H 2 + 20% CO 2 . Filter sterilize. Magnesium Chloride Solution: Composition per 10.0mL: MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O 0.08g Preparation of Magnesium Chloride Solution: Add MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Sparge with 100% N 2 . Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Calcium Chloride Solution: Composition per 10.0mL: CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O 0.06g Preparation of Calcium Chloride Solution: Add CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Sparge with 100% N 2 . Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Preparation of Solution A: Add components, except bicarbonate, magnesium chloride and calcium chloride solution, to distilled/deion- ized water and bring volume to 630.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Adjust pH to 7.0–7.5. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Boil for 3 min. Cool while sparging with 80% N 2 + 20% CO 2 . Add the solid bicarbonate. Adjust the pH to 7.8. Dispense under 80% N 2 + 20% CO 2 gas atmosphere into anaerobic vials. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Asep- tically and anoxically add magnesium chloride and calcium chloride solutions. Adjust final pH of the medium to pH 7.7. Note: It may be necessary to add 10–20 mg sodium dithionite per liter (e.g., from 5% (w/v) solution, freshly prepared under N 2 and filter sterilized), if the so- lution is not completely reduced after inoculation. Clostridium sporogenes Supernatant: Composition per liter: Yeast extract 5.0g NaHCO 3 4.0g Casamino acids 1.0g KH 2 PO 4 0.4g NH 4 Cl 0.4g Resazurin 0.5mg Vitamin solution 10.0mL Magnesium chloride solution 10.0mL Calcium chloride solution 10.0mL Na 2 S·9H 2 O solution 10.0mL Trace element solution SL-10 1.0mL Selenite-tungstate solution 1.0mL Clostridium sporogenes Variable Na 2 S·9H 2 O Solution: Composition per 10.0mL: Na 2 S·9H 2 O 0.3g Preparation of Na 2 S·9H 2 O Solution: Add Na 2 S·9H 2 O to dis- tilled/deionized water and bring volume to 10.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Autoclave under 100% N 2 for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool to room temperature. Preparation of Clostridium sporogenes Supernatant: Add components, except bicarbonate, Na 2 S·9H 2 O solution, magnesium chloride and calcium chloride solution, to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 980.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Adjust pH to 7.0–7.5. Gen- tly heat and bring to boiling. Boil for 3 min. Cool while sparging with 80% N 2 + 20% CO 2 . Add the solid bicarbonate. Adjust the pH to 7.8. Dispense under 80% N 2 + 20% CO 2 gas atmosphere into anaerobic bottles. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Aseptically and anoxically add Na 2 S·9H 2 O solution, magnesium chloride and cal- cium chloride solutions. Adjust final pH to pH 7.0. Inoculate with Clostridium sp. DSM 754. Incubate for 5 to 8 days at 37°C. Disrupt cells of the grown culture by autoclaving for 20 min at 15 psi pressure– 121°C. Centrifuge autoclaved culture at 18,000g for 20 min. Discard cell pellet. Store the supernatant in screw-capped bottles at −20°C. Be- fore use sterilize the supernatant by autoclaving under 100% N 2 for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool to room temperature under 100% N 2 . Preparation of Medium: Aseptically and anoxically combine 650.0mL of solution A with 350.0mL of Clostridum sporogenes super- natant. Use: For the cultivation of Cryptoanaerobacter spp. Cryptococcus neoformans Screen Medium See: CN Screen Medium CRYS Medium Composition per liter: Stock extract 500.0mL 2× PP medium 500.0mL Stock Extract: Composition per 500.0mL: Cerophyll 5.0g Brown rice 5.0g Yeast extract 5.0g Dried seaweed 5.0g Preparation of Stock Extract: Add components to distilled/deion- ized water and bring volume to 500.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Continue boiling for 5 min. Filter three times through Whatman #1 filter paper while still hot. Cool to room temper- ature. Adjust pH to 7.2. Bring volume to 500.0mL with distilled/deion- ized water. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. 2× PP Medium: Composition per 500.0mL: Proteose peptone 10.0g Pancreatic digest of peptone 10.0g Ribonucleic acid from Torula yeast 1.0g Asolectin 0.2g Artificial seawater 167.0mL Vitamin solution 2.0mL © 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC Crystal Violet Lactose Agar 463 Artificial Seawater: Composition per 167.0mL: Aqua-Marin sea salts 6.95g Source: Aqua-Marin sea salts are available from Aquatrol, Inc., Ana- heim, CA. Preparation of Artificial Seawater: Add Aqua-Marin sea salts to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 167.0mL Mix thorough- ly. Filter sterilize. Vitamin Solution: Composition per 100.0mL: Thiamine·HCl 150.0mg Calcium D-(+)-pantothenate 100.0mg Folic acid 50.0mg Nicotinamide 50.0mg Pyridoxal·HCl 50.0mg Riboflavin 50.0mg DL-6-Thioctic acid 1.0mg Biotin solution 10.0mL Biotin Solution: Composition per 10.0mL: Biotin 0.01mg Preparation of Biotin Solution: Add biotin to 10.0mL of absolute ethanol. Mix thoroughly. Preparation of Vitamin Solution: Add components to distilled/ deionized water and bring volume to 100.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Filter sterilize. For long-term storage, preserve under nitrogen at −20°C. Preparation of 2× PP Medium: Add asolectin to 200.0mL of dis- tilled/deionized water. Gently heat to 80°C. Mix thoroughly. Add other components, except artificial seawater and vitamin solution, to dis- tilled/deionized water and bring volume to 331.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Adjust pH to 7.2. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Aseptically add 167.0mL of sterile artificial seawater and 2.0mL of sterile vitamin solution. Mix thoroughly. Preparation of Medium: Aseptically combine 500.0mL of sterile stock extract with 500.0mL of sterile 2× PP medium. Mix thoroughly. Aseptically distribute into sterile tubes or flasks. Use: For the cultivation of Pseudocohnilembus marinus. Crystal Violet Agar Composition per liter: Agar 15.0g Lactose 10.0g Proteose peptone 5.0g Beef extract 3.0g Crystal Violet 3.3mg pH 6.8 ± 0.1 at 25°C Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized wa- ter and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat until boiling. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure– 121°C. Pour into sterile Petri dishes or leave in tubes. Use: For the differentiation of pathogenic staphylococci from non- pathogenic staphylococci. Hemolytic and coagulating strains of Staph- ylococcus aureus appear as purple or yellow colonies. Nonhemolytic and noncoagulating strains of Staphylococcus species appear as white colonies. Crystal Violet Azide Esculin Agar Composition per liter: Agar 15.0g Glucose 5.0g NaCl 5.0g Proteose peptone 5.0g Pancreatic digest of casein 5.0g Meat extract 3.0g Esculin 1.0g NaN 3 1.0g Crystal Violet 0.1g Bovine blood, citrated 100.0mL pH 7.5 ± 0.2 at 25°C Caution: Sodium azide is toxic. Azides also react with metals and disposal must be highly diluted. Preparation of Medium: Add components, except citrated bovine blood, to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 900.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool to 45°–50°C. Aseptically add sterile, cit- rated bovine blood. Mix thoroughly. Pour into sterile Petri dishes or distribute into sterile tubes. Use: For the cultivation of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. Crystal Violet Esculin Agar Composition per liter: Agar 15.0g Glucose 5.0g NaCl 5.0g Proteose peptone 5.0g Pancreatic digest of casein 5.0g Meat extract 3.0g Esculin 1.0g Crystal Violet 2.0mg Blood, citrated 100.0mL pH 7.5 ± 0.2 at 25°C Preparation of Medium: Add components, except citrated blood, to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 900.0mL. Mix thor- oughly. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool to 45°–50°C. Aseptically add citrated blood. Mix thoroughly. Pour into sterile Petri dishes or distribute into sterile tubes. Use: For the cultivation of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. Crystal Violet Lactose Agar Composition per liter: Agar 15.0g Lactose 10.0g Proteose peptone 5.0g Beef extract 3.0g Crystal Violet 3.3mg pH 6.8 ± 0.2 at 25°C Source: This medium is available as a premixed powder from Hi- Media. Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Pour into sterile Petri dishes or leave in tubes. © 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC 464 Crystal Violet Lactose Broth Use: For the differentiation of pure cultures of pathogenic and non- pathogenic staphylococci. Crystal Violet Lactose Broth Composition per liter: Lactose 5.0g Peptic digest of animal tissue 5.0g K 2 HPO 4 5.0g KH 2 PO 4 1.0g Crystal Violet 1.43mg pH 7.4 ± 0.2 at 25°C Source: This medium is available as a premixed powder from Hi- Media. Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Pour into sterile Petri dishes or leave in tubes. Use: For the differentiation of pure cultures of pathogenic and non- pathogenic staphylococci. Crystal Violet Lactose HiVeg Agar Composition per liter: Agar 15.0g Lactose 10.0g Plant peptone No. 3 5.0g Plant extract 3.0g Crystal Violet 3.3mg pH 6.8 ± 0.2 at 25°C Source: This medium is available as a premixed powder from Hi- Media. Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Pour into sterile Petri dishes or leave in tubes. Use: For the differentiation of pure cultures of pathogenic and non- pathogenic staphylococci. Crystal Violet Pectate Medium (CVP Medium) Composition per liter: Sodium polypectate 9.0g Agar 2.0g NaNO 3 1.0g NaOH (1N solution) 4.5mL CaCl 2 ·H 2 O (10% solution) 3.0mL Crystal Violet (0.075% solution) 1.0mL Sodium lauryl sulfate (10% solution) 0.5mL pH 7.2 ± 0.2 at 25°C Preparation of Medium: In a preheated blender, add 500.0mL of boiling distilled/deionized water and the components, except sodium polypectate and sodium lauryl sulfate solution. Blend at high speed for 15 sec. Continue blending at low speed and slowly add 9.0g of sodium polypectate. Pour the incomplete medium into a 2L flask and add 0.5mL of sodium lauryl sulfate solution. Mix thoroughly. Cap flask with an aluminum foil seal rather than cotton. Autoclave for 25 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Pour medium quickly into sterile Petri dishes. Allow plates to dry at 25°C for 48 hr before use. Use: For the cultivation of pectinolytic microorganisms, such as Erwinia species, from foods. Crystal Violet Pectate Medium (CVP Medium) Composition per liter: Sodium polypectate 18.0g Agar 4.0g NaNO 3 2.0g CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O 0.6g NaOH 0.36g Sodium lauryl sulfate 0.1g Crystal Violet 1.5mg pH 7.2 ± 0.2 at 25°C Source: This medium is available as a premixed powder from Hi- Media. Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Use: For the cultivation of pectinolytic microorganisms, such as Erwinia species, from foods. Crystal Violet Tetrazolium Agar Base Composition per liter: Agar 15.0g Casein enzymatic hydrolysate 5.0g Yeast extract 2.5g Glucose 1.0g Crystal Violet 1.0mg 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride solution 10.0mL pH 7.0 ± 0.2 at 25°C Source: This medium, without triphenyltetrazolium chloride solution, is available as a premixed powder from HiMedia. Caution: Sodium azide is toxic. Azides also react with metals and disposal must be highly diluted. 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium Chloride Solution: Composition per 10.0mL: 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride 0.1g Preparation of 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium Chloride Solu- tion: Add 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 10.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Filter sterilize. Preparation of Medium: Add components, except 2,3,5-triphe- nyltetrazolium chloride solution, to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 990.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Autoclave for 10 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool to 45°–50°C. Aseptically add 10.0mL 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride solution. Mix thoroughly. Pour into sterile Petri dishes or distribute into sterile tubes. Use: For the detection of Gram-negative psychrotrophic bacteria caus- ing food spoilage. Crystal Violet Tetrazolium HiVeg Agar Base Composition per liter: Agar 15.0g Plant hydrolysate 5.0g Yeast extract 2.5g Glucose 1.0g © 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC . Medium: Aseptically combine 980.0mL of sterile solution A with 1.0mL of sterile solution B, 1.0mL of sterile solution C, 10.0mL of sterile solution D, and 10.0mL of sterile solution E, in that order 100% N 2 . Preparation of Medium: Aseptically and anoxically combine 650.0mL of solution A with 350.0mL of Clostridum sporogenes super- natant. Use: For the cultivation of Cryptoanaerobacter spp. Cryptococcus neoformans. 167.0mL of sterile artificial seawater and 2.0mL of sterile vitamin solution. Mix thoroughly. Preparation of Medium: Aseptically combine 500.0mL of sterile stock extract with 500.0mL of sterile