source code, 42-46, 183-185 Source command (View menu), 183 spacing fonts, 245 Spark Online, 397 specifying anti-aliasing, 243-244 spiders, 332 sRGB (standard RGB), 59-61. See also colors SSI (Server Side Includes), 331 Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML), 125, 178 standard RGG (sRGB), 59 standards browsers, 27 multimedia, 330, 352 SMIL, 352-354 SVG, 354-358 open device-independence, 29 learning, 29-30 platform-agnosticism, 27-28 Web, 25 statistics, Web users, 8 status, default (JavaScript), 299 Steadman, Carl, 118 strategies, CSS (Cascading Style Sheets), 274-275 streaming video, 307-310. See also multimedia strength of Web, 32 structural labels, 90 style guides, creating, 168 style sheets CSS, 263-270 sizing fonts, 276-284 strategies, 274-275 troubleshooting, 271-273 embedding, 268-269 external, 267-268 inline styles, 269-270 leading, 273 styles CSS (Cascading Style Sheets), 258, 261 inline, 269-270 Suck, 118-119 Sun, 119 Surfstation, 400 SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics), 354-358 swapping images, 211 Swatches dialog box, 219 Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL), 352-354 syntax, JavaScript, 299-300 sysadmins (systems administrators), 131 T tables, HTML, 176, 193-195, 255 tags HTML, 175-176 adding inline styles, 269-270 browser compatibility, 204 closing tags, 177 code conventions, 176-177 comments, 200-201 constructing tags, 178 CSS, 256 embedding, 268-269, 346 formatting, 179-181 frames, 194-195 HEAD, 308-310 links, 185-187 META, 197-200 plug-ins, 193-195 sensible markup, 189 tables, 193-195 tools, 190-192 typography, 254-256 URLs, 180-182 validating, 188 viewing source code, 183-185 WYSIWYG applications, 202-204 icons, 90 Taylor, Robert, 113 TCP (Transport Control Protocol), 125 team work, role of web designers, 144 421 team work, role of web designers 18 0732 index 4/24/01 1:04 PM Page 421 technologies medium restrictions, 143 standards, 29-30 and the Web, 7-9 telegraph, invention of, 111 telephones, invention of, 112 templates database-driven websites, 332-334 working with, 165 testing phases of web projects, 166 text. See also documents Braille, 352-353 chunking, 93 CSS, 256-257 compatibility, 261-262 content/style, 258, 261 design methods, 258-259 modification benefits, 259-260 sizing fonts, 276-284 strategies, 274-275 style sheets, 263-270 troubleshooting, 271-273 editors, 184-185 fonts, 62-64 HTML, 254-256 images, 36 JavaScript, 299 labels, 90 reading on screen, 91-93 rollovers, 294-295 searching, 246 zooming, 64 “Three-Click Rule,” 97-98 Three.oh Inspirational Kingdom, 401 tiling images, 212 TITLE attribute, 90 tools, 65 BBEdit, 242 DeBabelizer, 238 dicing, 248-250 HTML, 190-192 inline styles, 270 Photoshop, 209-211 slicing, 248-250 tracking, 240 traffic, bandwidth, 44-50 training clients, 169-170 transactions, 330-331 advantages of Java, 349-350 applying SSIs, 341-343 creating web pages, 331-334 cutting/pasting, 339-340 Java, 343-344 Java Virtual Machine, 344-346 middleware applications, 334-335 troubleshooting Java, 347-348 Transport Control Protocol (TCP), 125 Transmit, 205 transparent GIFs, 255 transparent images, 242 troubleshooting anti-aliasing, 244 CSS, 271-275, 276-284 Java, 347-348 navigation, 246-247 plug-ins, 381-385 SVG, 357 typography, 244-246 tutorials HTML, 181-182 JavaScript, 292, 324 tweens, generating, 239 type anti-aliasing, 241-244 horizontal/vertical, 240-243 Type Tool dialog box (Photoshop), 241 types of style sheets, 267-270 typography, 62-64, 93-94 CSS sizing fonts, 276-284 strategies, 274-275 dithering, 213-214, 218 formatting, 239-240 GIF, 223 HTML CSS, 256-262 tags, 254-256 inline styles, 269-270 preferences, 277-279 preparing, 211 422 technologies 18 0732 index 4/24/01 1:04 PM Page 422 print, 327-329 sizing, 278-279 troubleshooting, 244-246 web-safe colors, 245 U UDP (User Datagram Protocol), 125 Uniform Resource Locator (URL), 6, 180 Unisys-patented Lempel Ziv Welch (LZW) algorithm, 222 units length, 282-283 percentage, 283-284 UNIX, 180 updating sites, phases of web projects, 167-168 upgrades, 18-month pregnancy, 31 URL (Uniform Resource Locator), 6, 180 Usability Commandments, 19 Usability People, 16 User Agent, 253. See also browsers User Datagram Protocol (UDP), 125 users control, 36 of the Web, 8 utilities BBEdit, 242 DeBabelizer, 238 dicing, 248-250 HTML, 190-192 inline styles, 270 Photoshop, 209-211 slicing, 248-250 V validating HTML, 188-189 VBScript, 27 vertical type, inserting, 240-243 video, 38 bandwidth, 41 pop-up windows (JavaScript), 307-310 quality issues, 38-40 QuickTime, 364-365, 367 RealPlayer, 362-364 WMP, 367 View menu commands, Source, 183 View Page Info command (File menu), 184 viewer control, 36 viewing colors, 55-57 16-bit, 57-59 gamma, 59-61 HTML, 342 source code, 42-46, 183-185 web pages, 51 websites, 393-401 Virtual Machine, 344-346 Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML), 350-351 vischeck website, 217 Visibone, 56 executing, 219-221 website, 221 visually appealing, role of web designers, 144-145 Volumeone, 399 VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language), 350-351 W W3C (World Wide Web Consortium), 24, 117, 256 Waferbaby website, 336 WaSP (Web Standards Project), 106 Web, 6-7, 115 accessibility, 65, 67 agnosticism, 23-28 artists, 17 communities, 35 continuing education, 387-388 conventions, 20 design. See design designers, 135 developers, 129-130 device-independence, 29 423 Web 18 0732 index 4/24/01 1:04 PM Page 423 expanding technology, 7-9 formats, 210-211 history of, 14-19, 111-122 human activity, 35 Liquid Design, 51-55 multimedia, 37-40 opportunities, 401-402 practitioners, 131-132 producers, 131-132 project phases, 151 rich media, 327-329 server-side technologies, 330-331 advantages of Java, 349-350 applying SSIs, 341-343 creating web pages, 331-334 cutting/pasting, 339-340 Java, 343-344 Java Virtual Machine, 344-346 middleware applications, 334-335 troubleshooting Java, 347-348 standards, 25, 29-30 statistics of users, 8 strength of, 32 technicians, 131-132 typography, 62-64 viewer control, 36 Web Content Accessibility Guidelines, 66 Web Design Group’s “Web Authoring FAQ,” 182 communicating through design, 137-138 role of, 136-146 B2B, 139-140 B2C, 140 communication, 140-141 look and feel of web sites, 138-139 medium restrictions, 142-145 Web Developer’s Virtual Library, 188 Web Navigation: Designing the User Experience, 82 Web Page Design for Designers, 393 web pages, 128, 350 colors 16-bit, 57-59 gamma, 59-61 viewing, 55-57 creating, 20-23 CSS, 257 compatibility, 261-262 content/style, 258, 261 design methods, 258-259 modification benefits, 259-260 sizing fonts, 276-284 strategies, 274-275 style sheets, 263-270 troubleshooting, 271-273 cutting/pasting, 339-340 elements, 271-272 history of, 14-19 HTML, 175-176 browser compatibility, 204 closing tags, 177 code conventions, 176-177 comments, 200-201 constructing tags, 178 formatting, 179-181 frames, 194-195 links, 185-187 META tags, 197-200 plug-ins, 193-195 sensible markup, 189 tables, 193-195 tools, 190-192 tutorials, 181-182 URLs, 180-181 validating, 188 viewing source code, 183-185 WYSIWYG applications, 202-204 inline styles, 269-270 Java applets, 346 JavaScript, 285-286 applying, 288-290 browser detection/redirection, 312-315 default status, 299 event handlers, 295-298 executing, 299-300 global documents, 321-324 history of, 287 image rollovers, 302-306 links, 300-301 platform/browser detection code, 316-320 pop-up windows, 307-310 pull-down menus, 310-312 resources, 291-293, 324 text rollovers, 294-295 424 Web 18 0732 index 4/24/01 1:04 PM Page 424 multimedia, 352 SMIL, 352-354 SVG, 354-358 plug-ins, 358-362 Beatnik, 368 developing content, 376-381 QuickTime, 364-367 RealPlayer, 362-364 Shockwave/Flash, 369-376 troubleshooting, 381-385 WMP, 367 printing, 88 resolution, 278-279 server-side technologies ASP/PHP, 335-339 creating, 331-334 middleware applications, 334-335 source code, 42-46 SSI, 341-343 style sheets, 268-269 viewing, 51 VRML, 350-351 Web Phones, 29 Web Review, 394 websites, 6, 124, 128 A List Apart, 182 Amazon.com, 77 Ask Doctor Web, 181 Babelfish, 35 Barney’s, 106-107 Bloomingdales.com, 101 Boxtop Software, 229 Builder.com, 182 caffemocha.com, 103 case studies Metafilter, 337-338 Waferbaby, 336 clarity, 87 brevity, 90-91 icons, 88, 90 structural labels, 90 text, 91-94 CNET.com, 77 Color Blindness Simulator, 217 Computer Currents High-Tech Dictionary, 129 creating effective sites, 71-72 Dave Raggett’s “Getting Started With HTML,” 182 David Siegel, 221 Digital Web Magazine, 83 disappearing websites, 6 Dreamless, 36 drymartini.com, 89 dynamic, 329-331 failure of dot.coms, 80 Flution 1.5, 354 formatting, 387-388 Fray, 36 Furbo Filters Webmaster, 60 GammaToggle FKEY, 60 Gap, 76 Glassdog, 87 Glish, 86 Google, 332 Happy Cog, 315 harrumph.com, 92 hesketh.net, 100 HTML 4.01 Specification, 183 Ian S. Graham’s “Introduction to HTML,” 181 IBM, 142 Icon Factory, 78 Jay Boersma’s Web Work, 181 JavaScript resources, 292 jazzradio.net, 102 Lance Arthur’s Design-o-Rama, 182 Lynda Weinman, 221 Marc Klein’s Creative Republic, 195 Mary Quant, 74 navigating, 19 overstock.com, 79 Photomontage, 17 Presstube, 17 Project Cool’s Gettingstarted.net, 181 publishing, 205-206 RealSlideshow, 353 Redcricket, 36 resources, 389 A List Apart, 390 Astounding Websites, 390 Babble List, The, 390 Dreamless, 391 Evolt, 391 425 websites 18 0732 index 4/24/01 1:04 PM Page 425 Metafilter, 391 online classes, 392 Redcricket, 392 viewing for ideas, 393-401 Webdesign-1, 392 Ron Woodall’s HTML Compendium, 183 Sapient.com, 94 Section 508 of the Workforce Investment Act, 66 semantic, 251-252 Transmit, 205 useit.com, 16 vischeck, 217 Visibone, 221 W3C (World Wide Web Consortium), 24 Web Design Group’s “Web Authoring FAQ,” 182 Web Developer’s Virtual Library, 188 Web Standards Project, The, 25 Webmonkey, 182 webstandards.org, 106 white space, 91-93 Web Standards Project, 25, 394 Web Techniques, 394 Web Wonk, 117 web-safe color palettes fonts, 245 Netscape Color Cube, 215-219 Webdesign-1, 392 Webmonkey, 131-132, 182, 394 webstandards.org, 106 Webtype, 394 well-formedness, 179 What You See Is What You Get (WYSIWYG), 28, 202-204 white space, 91-93 window.location (JavaScript), 315 window.status (JavaScript), 296 windows, pop-up (JavaScript), 307-310 Windows, viewing source code, 185 Windows Media File (WMF), 367 Windows Media Player (WMP), 367 WinFTP, 205 Wired Magazine, 117 WMF (Windows Media File), 367 WMP (Windows Media Player), 367 Word.com, 119 workarounds, 31 World Wide Web Consortium (w3c), 24, 117, 256 World Wide Web. See Web; websites WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get), 28, 202-204 X-Z XHTML (Extensible Hypertext Markup Language), 29, 128, 177 XML (Extensible Markup Language), 125-127, 179 Yahoo!, 117 Yang, Jerry, 117 Yenz: The Secret Garden of Mutabor, 400 zooming text, 64 Zope, 167 ZX26, 400 426 websites 18 0732 index 4/24/01 1:04 PM Page 426 The Authors. The Content. The Timeliness. What it takes to be a classic. NEW RIDERS GRAPHICS CLASSICS Designing Web Usability Jakob Nielsen ISBN: 156205810X $45.00 Flash Web Design: the v5 remix Hillman Curtis ISBN: 0735710988 $45.00 Photoshop 6 Web Magic Jeff Foster ISBN: 0735710368 $45.00 <designing web graphics.3> Lynda Weinman ISBN: 1562059491 $55.00 The Art & Science of Web Design Jeffrey Veen ISBN: 0789723700 $45.00 <creative html design.2> Lynda Weinman and William Weinman ISBN: 0735709726 $39.99 Don’t Make Me Think! Steve Krug ISBN: 0789723107 $35.00 WWW. NEWRIDERS. COM 19 0732 BM 4/24/01 11:27 AM Page 427 Solutions from experts you know and trust. www.informit.com New Riders has partnered with InformIT.com to bring technical information to your desktop. Drawing on New Riders authors and reviewers to provide additional information on topics you’re interested in, InformIT.com has free, in-depth information you won’t find anywhere else. As an InformIT partner, New Riders has shared the wisdom and knowledge of our authors with you online. Visit InformIT.com to see what you’re missing . ■ Master the skills you need, when you need them. ■ Call on resources from some of the best minds in the industry. ■ Get answers when you need them, using InformIT’s com- prehensive library or live experts online. ■ Go above and beyond what you find in New Riders books, extending your knowledge. OPERATING SYSTEMS WEB DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMING NETWORKING CERTIFICATION AND MORE… Expert Access. Free Content. www.informit.com ■ www.newriders.com 19 0732 BM 4/24/01 11:27 AM Page 428 . with InformIT.com to bring technical information to your desktop. Drawing on New Riders authors and reviewers to provide additional information on topics you’re interested in, InformIT.com has. 183 Ian S. Graham’s “Introduction to HTML,” 181 IBM, 142 Icon Factory, 78 Jay Boersma’s Web Work, 181 JavaScript resources, 292 jazzradio.net, 102 Lance Arthur’s Design-o-Rama, 182 Lynda Weinman,. 240 traffic, bandwidth, 44-50 training clients, 169-170 transactions, 330-331 advantages of Java, 349-350 applying SSIs, 341-343 creating web pages, 331-334 cutting/pasting, 339-340 Java, 343-344 Java