Part VI: Artistic Effects 660 Render The Render filters range from the simple Clouds filter that creates clouds from the foreground and background colors without any input from the user, to creating a Lighting Effects filter that can require detailed input. These filters are not in the Filter Gallery. l Clouds: This filter uses the foreground and background colors in a blend that resembles blotches more than clouds. You want to create a new layer on which to create the clouds, because the effect replaces anything that was on the layer before the clouds were rendered. l Difference Clouds: This filter creates clouds using the foreground and background colors just like the Clouds filter and then blends them with the existing pixels using the Difference Blend mode. This filter can be applied multiple times for a different effect each time. l Fibers: This filter creates streaks of color from the foreground and background colors that intermix to resemble fibers. This filter also replaces the pixels on the selected layer. Tip Not only can filters be added on top of one another to create unique effects, filters such as clouds and fibers, which can be placed on their own layer, can be used with the Blend modes to create unique effects on the lay- ers beneath them. n l Lens Flare: This filter does a pretty good job of creating a realistic lens flare in your image. You can choose one of several flares and place it anywhere in your image. l Lighting Effects: This filter adds unlimited lighting effects to your image to create dra- matic results. You can create several lights, place them anywhere in your image, and change their properties so they resemble different types of light from spotlights to gel lights. Several presets are previewed for you in Figure 20.6. You also can create your own lighting effects and save them as additional presets. FIGURE 20.6 These presets, among others, can be used to create light in your image. Five lights upSoft omniCircle of light (modified) 29_584743-ch20.indd 66029_584743-ch20.indd 660 5/3/10 10:41 AM5/3/10 10:41 AM Chapter 20: Applying Filters 661 Sketch The Sketch filters use the edges in an image to create texture, giving the image a rough, hand- drawn look in many instances. Many of these filters reduce your image to two or three colors, so simple images with a few distinct lines look better than images that have more detail. Keep an eye on your foreground and background colors (found in the Toolbox), because they are used to create most of the effects found in this menu. All of these filters are applied using the Filter Gallery: l Bas Relief: This filter creates a low-relief carving of your image using the foreground and background colors. l Chalk & Charcoal: This filter changes the background to a basic gray and roughly draws the highlights and midtone areas of your image in chalk that is the same color as the back- ground. Using the foreground color as charcoal, the shadows are filled in. The right fore- ground and background colors are vital to achieving an aesthetically pleasing result. l Charcoal: This filter is made up of basically two colors with very little variance between them; the foreground color becomes rough charcoal strokes that trace major edges and fill in the midtones. The background color becomes the color of the paper. l Chrome: This filter gives your image a liquid metal look, as if it had been embossed in chrome, but with very smooth edges. Figure 20.7 gives an example of an image of a rose rendered in chrome. FIGURE 20.7 The Chrome filter produces a liquid metal look, especially in images with simple lines like this photo of a rosebud. l Conté Crayon: Conté crayons are made from a mix of clay and natural coloring agents such as iron oxide and charcoal; they are square and used to create rough, boldly lined sketches on rough paper. The Conté Crayon filter uses the foreground color to fill in the darker areas of your image and the background color for lighter areas. Because Conté crayons are usually black, sepia, or sanguine-colored, using these colors for your fore- ground and background creates a truer effect. 29_584743-ch20.indd 66129_584743-ch20.indd 661 5/3/10 10:41 AM5/3/10 10:41 AM Part VI: Artistic Effects 662 l Graphic Pen: This filter reduces your image to two colors: the pen, which uses the fore- ground color to create fine, linear strokes to bring out the detail of an image, and the background color, which is used for the paper. l Halftone Pattern: This filter simulates the effect of using a halftone screen, adding a specified texture to your image and again reducing it to a blend of your foreground and background colors. It can have a subtle texture or a very marked one, depending on the settings. l Note Paper: Similar to the Cutout filter, this filter creates an image that looks like it was constructed of handmade paper. Unlike the Cutout filter, it uses the foreground and background colors to determine the color of paper used, again creating an image from two colors. l Photocopy: This filter simulates a rough photocopy of your image, using the foreground and background colors as the paper color and toner. l Plaster: This filter simulates a plaster cast, smoothing the edges of your image and using the foreground and background color to give the image a 3D effect. l Reticulation: This filter creates a grain over your image after reducing it to the foreground and background colors. This adds more texture and dimension. l Stamp: This filter gives the impression that your image has been applied with a rubber or wooden stamp, with the foreground color as the paper and the background color as the ink that the stamp has been dipped in. Images with simple lines make the best stamps. l Torn Edges: This filter is similar to the Note Paper filter, but it doesn’t contain the texture that simulates the handmade paper in the Note Paper filter. Instead, the effect of this filter is very smooth. l Water Paper: This filter uses the colors in your image and “waters them down” to make your image look softer. Stylize The Stylize filters work primarily by using the edges in your images to create interesting 3D effects from embossing to using the Extrude filter to make your image look like it was created with build- ing blocks. Other Stylize filters mix up the pixels in your image to look like they’ve been diffused or hit by a high wind. Here’s what you can expect: l Diffuse: This filter softens the focus of your image by scattering pixels in a miniscule style. This effect is hardly noticeable on high-resolution photos, because no setting allows you to increase the amount of diffusion. Instead, you get a different kind of blurring filter. l Emboss: This filter gives your image the look of having been pressed or embossed onto a gray sheet of paper. This filter uses the image colors for the raised outlines, giving this effect the look of a unique piece of art. l Extrude: This filter makes your image look as if it were constructed of building blocks and you are looking down at it from the top. Using pyramids for your extrusion method gives your image a more impressionistic feel than using blocks, as you can see in Figure 20.8. 29_584743-ch20.indd 66229_584743-ch20.indd 662 5/3/10 10:41 AM5/3/10 10:41 AM Chapter 20: Applying Filters 663 FIGURE 20.8 The first image uses blocks to create an extrusion from this image; the second uses pyramids. l Find Edges: This simple filter doesn’t use a dialog box; it simply finds the edges of your image and places them on a white background. It is not only useful for finding edges in your image, but because it uses the image colors for the edges, it is a beautiful effect all on its own. l Glowing Edges: This is the only Stylize filter found in the Filter Gallery. It finds the edges of your image and applies a neon glow to them on a black background. You can increase the effects of this filter by applying it more than once. l Solarize: This filter blends a negative image and a positive image to create an interesting dreamlike image made up of the correct colors blended with the eerie negative colors. l Tiles: This filter makes an image look like it was made of large, square tiles. l Trace Contour: This filter creates a contour map effect by tracing a brightness transition in each of the color channels. l Wind: This filter simulates your image being hit by wind while the paint was still wet. Several settings allow you to customize the wind-blown look. Texture The Texture filters create heavy, very obvious, texture effects. Most of these filters are self- explanatory. They can all be previewed in the Filter Gallery: l Craquelure: This filter simulates an image painted on cracking plaster. l Grain: Ten different types of grain can be added to your image to create texture. Some of these grain types, such as Soft, create a muted look. Others, such as Vertical, change the look of your image dramatically. l Mosaic Tiles: This filter creates an image that looks as if it were created with irregular- shaped tiles with grout between them. 29_584743-ch20.indd 66329_584743-ch20.indd 663 5/3/10 10:41 AM5/3/10 10:41 AM Part VI: Artistic Effects 664 l Patchwork: This filter simulates a patchwork quilt by creating squares that are solid col- ors and giving them the illusion of depth. l Stained Glass: This filter breaks an image into glass cells, with a lead border between them made up of the foreground color and a light source to give it the illusion that it is backlit. It can create a beautiful effect, as seen in Figure 20.9. l Texturizer: This filter applies one of four basic textures to your image: brick, burlap, can- vas, or sandstone. You can choose several settings for each, customizing the size and depth. FIGURE 20.9 The Stained Glass filter Other These filters do all sorts of different things, which is why they got lumped into the catchall “Other” category: l Custom: You can create your own custom filter. I show you how to do this later in this chapter. l High Pass: This filter removes low-frequency detail in an image, retaining the edges and smoothing the other areas into a medium gray color. It is commonly used in conjunction with other filters or adjustments to apply sharpness to an image or to delineate the edges for a continuous-tone filter or image. For instance, many of the Sketch filters use only two colors. Figure 20.10 is an example of an image with the Note Paper filter applied to it both before and after applying the High Pass filter. l Maximum and Minimum: These filters affect black and white areas in your image. The Maximum filter spreads the white areas and reduces the black areas in an image; Minimum does the opposite. Although these filters are used mainly to modify masks, they can have a unique effect on images as well, giving them either a bright or dark impressionistic look. 29_584743-ch20.indd 66429_584743-ch20.indd 664 5/3/10 10:41 AM5/3/10 10:41 AM Chapter 20: Applying Filters 665 l Offset: This filter is used with an image that has a selection created over it. It has the effect of moving the selection a specified amount within the image and replacing the moved pixels with transparent pixels, repeating edge pixels, or wraparound pixels. If no selection is created in the image, the entire image is offset. FIGURE 20.10 Using the High Pass filter first made the Note Paper filter more effective. High Pass + Note Paper filterNote Paper filterHigh Pass filter Using the Filter Gallery The Filter Gallery contains many of the artistic filters that are available in Photoshop. It is an incredibly useful tool because it provides the capability to preview the filters, change their settings, and add multiple filters to the same image before closing it. To open the Filter Gallery, as shown in Figure 20.11, choose Filter ➪ Filter Gallery. The Filter Gallery also opens anytime you apply one of the filters found in it. If you choose Filter ➪ Artistic ➪ Fresco, for instance, the Filter Gallery opens with the Fresco filter selected so you may make changes to it. The Filter Gallery contains three panes: the preview pane, the filter thumbnail pane, and the options pane. The preview pane The left pane contains a preview of your image, showing you what it will look like after the filter or filters added to it are applied. You can move your image around inside the preview pane by using the hand (displayed whenever you hover over your image) to drag it around. 29_584743-ch20.indd 66529_584743-ch20.indd 665 5/3/10 10:41 AM5/3/10 10:41 AM Part VI: Artistic Effects 666 FIGURE 20.11 The Filter Gallery is like the filter fun house for images, containing a good portion of the artistic filters available in Photoshop. Filter options Options pane Open/close thumbnails Filter thumbnail panePreview pane Filter menu Effect layersZoom options Add or delete effect layer You can zoom in or out of your image using the + or – buttons at the bottom left of the preview pane or use the drop-down menu to choose a zoom percentage. If you choose Fit in View from the zoom options, your document is resized to fit into the preview pane. If you choose Fit on Screen, the Filter Gallery is resized to fit your entire screen and the image is then resized to fit into the pre- view pane, giving you the largest possible view of your entire image. 29_584743-ch20.indd 66629_584743-ch20.indd 666 5/3/10 10:41 AM5/3/10 10:41 AM Chapter 20: Applying Filters 667 The filter thumbnail pane The central window of the Filter Gallery contains the folders for the filter. Click the triangle next to each folder to display thumbnails of the effects contained in the Filter Gallery. These folders corre- spond with the Filter menu, but they are not comprehensive; they leave out the corrective filters as well as some of the artistic filters that either require no input or require more specialized input than is available in the Filter Gallery. Each of the thumbnails of the individual filters found in the filter thumbnail pane demonstrates a basic preview of what the filter does. As you click each, the image in the preview pane also takes on the characteristics of the selected filter. Note Most of the filters in the Filter Gallery are memory-intensive and take a few seconds to preview, especially if you have more than one applied. n You can close and reopen the filter thumbnail pane by clicking the double-arrow icon in the options pane. Closing the filter thumbnail pane makes your preview pane larger and gives you a better view of your image. You can still choose filters from the drop-down filter selection menu in the options pane. The options pane The last window in the Filter Gallery contains the settings for the selected filter. Beneath the OK and Cancel buttons is a drop-down list that contains all the filters in the Filter Gallery. Whether you use this list or click the filter thumbnails, the options for the selected filter are displayed, and you can make changes to the way the filter is applied to your image, sometimes with dramatic results. Back in Figure 20.11, three filters are applied to my image preview. Each is listed in the order it is applied, the most recent filter on top. You can create a new filter effect layer by clicking the icon at the bottom of the third window labeled New Effect layer. When you have more than one, you can change the order in which they are applied by dragging and dropping them in a different order, as seen in Figure 20.12. To see what the preview would look like without one of the filters, just tog- gle the eye off, and the visibility of that filter is turned off. Note If you opened the Filter Gallery using Filter ➪ Filter Gallery (rather than choosing an individual filter) and then added more than one filter to your image, the Filter Gallery opens with the same filters applied using the same number of layers the next time you open it, no matter how long it’s been or what document you opened last. n 29_584743-ch20.indd 66729_584743-ch20.indd 667 5/3/10 10:41 AM5/3/10 10:41 AM Part VI: Artistic Effects 668 FIGURE 20.12 Moving the Accented Edges effect below the Splatter effect can change the end result on the image dramatically. Using Smart Objects to Make Non- Destructive Filter Adjustments Applying filters directly to your images changes the actual pixel values and modifies the original data. Although you can use the History option to get back to the original state, after you save your file, those pixels have been altered beyond recovery. Additionally, you may need to try several filter methods and sometimes combinations of filters to get the adjustment you are looking for, which is hard to do when you are trying to apply more than one filter, especially if some of your filters are not found in the Filter Gallery. That is where Smart Objects can make a huge difference. When you apply a filter to a Smart Object, it is applied as a Smart Filter that can be turned on and off, adjusted, reordered, and easily removed without destroying the underlying pixel data. The best way to apply filters to images in a non-destructive way is to create a duplicate layer of the background and then turn that layer into a Smart Object. You also can simply turn the background 29_584743-ch20.indd 66829_584743-ch20.indd 668 5/3/10 10:41 AM5/3/10 10:41 AM . image to look like they’ve been diffused or hit by a high wind. Here’s what you can expect: l Diffuse: This filter softens the focus of your image by scattering pixels in a miniscule style. This. filter creates a contour map effect by tracing a brightness transition in each of the color channels. l Wind: This filter simulates your image being hit by wind while the paint was still wet 66329_584743-ch20.indd 663 5/3/10 10:41 AM5/3/10 10:41 AM Part VI: Artistic Effects 664 l Patchwork: This filter simulates a patchwork quilt by creating squares that are solid col- ors and giving