ptg Chapter 18 Managing Color from Monitor to Print 435 Photoshop's color management system must know the color space of your document so it can decipher the meaning of the color values in the image. When assigning a profile to an image, the image will be in the color space described by the particular profile. For example, a doc- ument's profile can be assigned by a source device, like a digital cam- era or a scanner, or assigned directly in Photoshop. When using the Assign Profile command, color values are mapped directly into the new profile space. Assigning a Different Profile to a Document Assign or Remove a Profile Open a document. Click the Edit menu, and then click Assign Profile. Select from the following options: ◆ Don't Color Manage This Document. Select this option to remove any assigned profile (the document becomes untagged). ◆ Working RGB. Select this option to tag the document with the current working space profile. ◆ Profile. Select this option, click the list arrow, and then select a new color profile, which removes the old one. Click OK. 4 3 2 1 4 3 1 See Also See ”Changing from Additive (RGB) to Subtractive (CMYK) Color” on page 428 for more information on using and working with CMYK images. From the Library of Wow! eBook ptg 436 Chapter 18 There are times when you will open a document that contains an embedded profile, and you need to convert it. Photoshop gives you the option of tagging the document with another profile without converting the colors, or removing the old profile and converting the color space. Photoshop's Convert to Profile command gives you the ability to change the profile in a document. In addition, you may want to prepare a document for a different output destination, such as an inkjet printer or 4-color press. Converting the Color Space to Another Profile Convert the Color Space to Another Profile Open a document. Click the Edit menu, and then click Convert to Profile. Click the Profile list arrow, and then select a new color profile. The document will be converted and tagged with the new color profile. Click the Engine list arrow, and then select: ◆ Adobe (ACE). Adobe color management (default). ◆ Microsoft ICM. Windows color management. ◆ Apple CMM. Mac OS color management. (Depending on your operating system, your options may vary.) Click the Intent list arrow, and then select an option. 5 4 3 2 1 3 4 5 1 See Also See “Working with Rendering Intents” on page 429 for more information on using rendering intent options. From the Library of Wow! eBook ptg Chapter 18 Managing Color from Monitor to Print 437 Select the Use Black Point Compensation check box to map the full color range of the source to the full color range of the destination profile. Select the Use Dither check box to use with 8-bit color images; if you select this option, Photoshop dithers color pixels when converting between source and destination color profiles. Select the Flatten Image to Preserve Appearance check box to flatten a multi-layered document. Click OK. 9 8 7 6 6 8 9 7 From the Library of Wow! eBook ptg 438 Chapter 18 Once you've established that your document contains colors outside the CMYK color space, it's up to you to decide exactly how to correct the problem. There are as many ways to correct color problems as there are tools, and each Photoshop user has their favorites. Two meth- ods that are simple and powerful are using the Hue/Saturation Adjustment and Photoshop's Sponge tool. Understand that the primary reason a color won't translate correctly into the CMYK color space is due to the saturation values of the ink. A monitor can produce more saturation in a pixel than a 4-color press can produce by mixing inks. Using Hue/Saturation for Out-Of-Gamut Colors Use the Hue/Saturation Adjustment Open an RGB image. Click the View menu, and then click Gamut Warning. Photoshop displays any colors outside the CMYK gamut with a predefined color mask. Click the Image menu, point to Adjustments, and then click Hue/Saturation. Drag the Saturation slider to the left until all the masked areas disappear. Record the Saturation Value used. Click Cancel. Click the Select menu, and then click Color Range. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 6 4 Did You Know? You can select the closest CMYK equivalent of an out-of-gamut color in the Color Picker or the Color panel. Display the Color Picker or the Color panel, select the out-of-gamut color you want to change, which displays the closest CMYK equivalent, and then click the triangle or the color patch. 5 From the Library of Wow! eBook ptg Chapter 18 Managing Color from Monitor to Print 439 Click the Select list arrow, and then click Out Of Gamut. Click OK. The out-of-gamut areas of the image are now selected and isolated from the rest of the image. Click the Select menu, and then click Refine Edge. Enter a Feather value of .5. This softens the desaturation of the out-of-gamut areas of the image. Click OK. Click the Image menu, point to Adjustments, and then click Hue/Saturation. Enter the Saturation value you recorded from step 5. Click OK. Press Ctrl+D (Win) or A+D (Mac) to deselect the image areas. The image is now ready for conversion to CMYK. 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 8 9 Color outside the CMYK gamut. Did You Know? Photoshop can automatically convert all out-of-gamut colors to be within the gamut area. Simply convert an RGB image to CMYK. Open an RGB image, click the Image menu, point to Mode, and then click CMYK Color. From the Library of Wow! eBook ptg 440 Chapter 18 The Sponge tool method is a bit more work intensive; however, it gives you precise control over each out-of-gamut area of the image. Since the Sponge tool decreases saturation values from the colors based on the speed with which the tool is dragged across the image, the key to successfully using the Sponge tool to restore out-of-gamut colors is to choose a soft-edged brush, and use smooth, even strokes. Practice is the key to effective image restoration and color correction, and using a drawing tablet as opposed to a mouse will help in the control of the tool. Using the Sponge Tool for Out-Of-Gamut Colors Use the Sponge Tool Method Open an RGB image. Click the View menu, and then click Gamut Warning. Photoshop displays any color outside the CMYK gamut with a predefined color mask. Select the Sponge tool. Click the Brush list arrow, and then select a soft, round brush tip with a small diameter from the brush tip options. Click the Mode list arrow, and then click Desaturate. Enter a Flow value of 60%, and then select the Vibrance check box on the Control panel to minimize clipping of strongly saturated or desaturated colors. Click the Select menu, and then click Color Range. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 4 5 6 3 Original RGB image From the Library of Wow! eBook ptg Chapter 18 Managing Color from Monitor to Print 441 Click the Select list arrow, and then click Out Of Gamut. Click OK. The out-of-gamut areas of the image are now selected and isolated from the rest of the image. Click the Refine Edge menu, and then click Feather. Enter a Feather value of .5. This softens the desaturation of the out-of-gamut areas of the image. Click OK. Slowly drag the Sponge tool over an out-of-gamut area until the color mask disappears. Continue through the document until all the areas have been corrected. Press Ctrl+D (Win) or A+D (Mac) to deselect the image areas. The image is now ready for conversion to CMYK. 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 Out-Of-Gamut colors masked 13 Out-Of-Gamut colors removed with the Sponge tool Did You Know? You can hide selection marquees. If the selection marquee is getting in the way of seeing small out-of-gamut areas, press Ctrl+H (Win) or A+H (Mac) to temporarily hide the selection marquee, and then repeat the com- mand to restore the marquee. From the Library of Wow! eBook ptg 442 Chapter 18 One of the biggest problems with images displayed on a computer monitor is that they don't accurately represent the color space of a 4- color press. There are ways that we can reduce the possibility of col- ors not printing correctly, but in the end the RGB and CMYK color spaces are different—in fact, they're exactly the opposite of each other. Photoshop understands this, and gives you a way to view before printing which colors will be out of gamut. The term Gamut refers to the colors that a particular device can display or print; in the case of a 4- color press, it would describe a color that could be reproduced on that press. The out-of-gamut test is performed on an image before the con- version into the CMYK mode. Once you convert an image to CMYK it's too late to test, because Photoshop has already made the conversion. Working with the Out-Of-Gamut Warning Work with the Out-Of-Gamut Warning Open an RGB image. Click the Edit (Win) or Photoshop (Mac) menu, point to Preferences, and then click Transparency & Gamut. Select a Gamut Warning color, and then enter an Opacity percentage value (1% to 100%). Gamut Warning refers to the color Photoshop uses to mask the out- of-gamut areas of the image. Click OK. Click the View menu, and then click Gamut Warning. Photoshop displays any color outside the CMYK gamut with a predefined color mask. 5 4 3 2 1 Color displayed outside CMYK gamut. 4 Did You Know? There are other ways to identify out- of-gamut colors. In the Info panel, when you point to an out-of-gamut color, an exclamation point appears. In the Color Picker and the Color panel, an alert triangle appears. 3 From the Library of Wow! eBook . space described by the particular profile. For example, a doc- ument's profile can be assigned by a source device, like a digital cam- era or a scanner, or assigned directly in Photoshop. When. convert it. Photoshop gives you the option of tagging the document with another profile without converting the colors, or removing the old profile and converting the color space. Photoshop& apos;s. problems as there are tools, and each Photoshop user has their favorites. Two meth- ods that are simple and powerful are using the Hue/Saturation Adjustment and Photoshop& apos;s Sponge tool. Understand