Photoshop 6 for Windows Bible- P25 pot

691 Chapter 15 ✦ Fully Editable Text Figure 15-5: Photoshop 6 provides a full complement of text creation and formatting options, which you access from the Options bar, Character palette, and Paragraph palette. 4. Select the font, type size, and other formatting attributes from the Options bar and palettes. The upcoming sections explain your options. 5. Click or drag in the image window. If you click, Photoshop places the first character you type at the location of the blinking insertion marker, just as when you type in a word-processing program. Adobe calls this creating point text. Each line of type operates as an independent entity. Press Enter to begin a new line of text. Alternatively, you can create paragraph text by dragging with the type tool to draw a frame — called a bounding box — to hold the text. Now your text flows within the frame, wrapping to the next line automatically when you reach the edge of the bounding box. Text palettes Insertion marker Vertical type Horizontal type Type mask Text layer 692 Part IV ✦ Layers, Objects, and Text If you create your text this way, you can apply standard paragraph formatting attributes, such as justification, paragraph spacing, and so on. In other words, everything works pretty much like it does in every other program in which you create text in a frame. Pressing Enter starts a new paragraph within the bounding box. 6. Type your text. If you mess up, press Backspace to delete the character to the left of the insertion marker. Press Delete to wipe out the character to the right of the insertion marker. 7. Edit the text, if necessary. To alter the character formatting, select the charac- ters you want to change by dragging over them or using the selection shortcuts listed in the upcoming Table 15-1. Then choose the new formatting attributes from the Options bar, Character palette, or Paragraph palette. If you don’t select any text, paragraph formatting affects all text in the bounding box. Otherwise, only the selected paragraph responds to your commands. 8. Click the Commit (check mark) button on the right end of the Options bar to commit the text. Don’t worry —“committing the text” simply takes you out of text-editing mode. As long as you don’t convert the text to a regular image layer, work path, or shape, you can edit it at any time. If the Options bar is hidden or you just don’t like reaching to click the button, you can commit text by selecting any other tool, clicking any palette but the Character or Paragraph palette, or pressing Ctrl+Enter. While you’re in text edit mode, most menu commands are unavailable. You must commit the text or cancel the current type operation to regain access to them. To abandon your type operation, click the Cancel button—the large X at the right end of the Options bar — or press Esc. When you create the first bit of type in an image, Photoshop creates a new layer to hold the text. After you commit the type, clicking or dragging with the type tool has one of two outcomes. If Photoshop finds any text near the spot where you click or drag, it assumes that you want to edit that text and, therefore, selects the text layer and puts the type tool into edit mode. For paragraph text, the paragraph is selected as well. If no text is in the vicinity of the spot you click, the program decides that you must want to create a brand new text layer, and responds accordingly. You can force Photoshop to take this second route by Shift-clicking or Shift-dragging with the type tool, which comes in handy if you want to create one block of text on top of another. Photoshop automatically uses the first characters you type as the layer name. You can change the layer name by Alt-double-clicking on the layer name in the Layers palette to bring up the Layer Properties dialog box. Tip Note Tip 693 Chapter 15 ✦ Fully Editable Text Creating vertical type By default, the type tool places characters horizontally across the image. But you can create a column of vertical type as well. In Photoshop 6, you don’t use a sepa- rate type tool as you did in recent versions. Instead, just click the vertical type button on the Options bar (labeled back in Figure 15-5). To return to normal left- to-right text orientation, click the adjacent horizontal type button. In truth, the vertical type option is nothing more than the standard type tool lifted from the Japanese version of Photoshop. As shown in the first example of Figure 15-6, it creates vertical columns of type that read right to left, as in Japan. If you want to make columns of type that read left to right, you have to create each col- umn as an independent text block. Figure 15-6: By default, vertical type reads right to left, as shown in the first example. If you deselect the Rotate Character option in the Character palette menu, your characters appear like those on the right. Read this way Rotate off 6 Photoshop 6 694 Part IV ✦ Layers, Objects, and Text After you click in the image, you have access to the Rotate Character command in the Character palette menu. (If the palette isn’t open, press Ctrl+T or click the Palettes button on the Options bar.) By default, the option is turned on, which gives you upright characters like those on the left side of Figure 15-6. Choose the com- mand again to rotate 90 degrees clockwise and flip characters on their side, as shown in the right side of the figure. If you want to rotate the type to some other degree, wait until after you commit the text to the layer (by clicking the check-mark button on the Options bar) and then use the Edit ➪ Free Transform command, which I describe in Chapter 12, to rotate the text layer. You also can choose Layer ➪ Type ➪ Horizontal and Layer ➪ Type ➪ Horizontal to change vertically oriented type to horizontally oriented type, and vice versa. Creating and manipulating text in a frame By dragging in your image with the type tool, you create paragraph text. As you drag, Photoshop draws a frame to hold your text, as shown in Figure 15-7. Photoshop calls this frame a bounding box. If you want to create a text frame that’s a specific size, Alt- click with the type tool instead of dragging. Photoshop displays the Paragraph Text Size dialog box, in which you can specify the width and height of the box. Press Enter, and Photoshop creates the bounding box, placing the top-left corner of the box at the spot you clicked. Figure 15-7: Drag the box handles to transform the frame alone or frame and text together. Origin point 6 Photoshop 6 6 Photoshop 6 695 Chapter 15 ✦ Fully Editable Text The bounding box looks just like the one that appears when you choose Edit ➪ Free Transform, and some of its functions are the same: ✦ Drag a corner handle to resize the box. Shift-drag to retain the original propor- tions of the box. The text reflows to fit the new dimensions of the box. ✦ Ctrl-drag a corner handle to scale the text and box together. Ctrl+Shift-drag to scale proportionally. To scale text alone, use the character formatting controls on the Options bar or in the Character palette (explained next). Either way, you can scale up or down as much as you want without degrading the text quality, thanks to the new vector-orientation of the type tool. ✦ To rotate both box and text, move the cursor outside the box and drag, just as you do when transforming selections, crop boundaries, and layers. Shift-drag to rotate in 15-degree increments. The rotation occurs respective to the origin point, which you can relocate by dragging, as usual. Using the bounding-box approach to type has more benefits than being able to use the transformation techniques I just described, however. You also can apply all sorts of paragraph formatting options to control how the text flows within the bounding box, as described in the upcoming section “Applying paragraph formatting.” Keep in mind that you also can scale, skew, rotate, and otherwise transform the text layer after you commit the text to the layer. In addition, you can size, distort, and rotate text using the options in the new Character palette, as explained later in this chapter. If you ever decide that you’d like to work with your text as regular text instead of paragraph text, cancel out of text edit mode by clicking the Commit or Cancel but- tons on the Options bar (the check mark and X buttons). Then select the text layer and choose Layer ➪ Type ➪ Convert to Point Text. Photoshop splits the paragraph text into individual lines. To go back to paragraph text, select the text layer and choose Layer ➪ Type ➪ Convert to Paragraph Text. Selecting text Before you can modify a single character of type, you have to select it. You can select all text on a text layer by simply clicking the layer name in the Layers palette. You can select individual characters by dragging over them with the type tool, as in any word processing program. You also have access to a range of keyboard tricks, listed in Table 15-1. Note 696 Part IV ✦ Layers, Objects, and Text Table 15-1 Selecting Text from the Keyboard Text Selection Keystrokes Select character to left or right Shift-left or right arrow Select whole word Double-click on word Select entire line Triple-click the line Move left or right one word Ctrl+left or right arrow Select word to left or right Ctrl+Shift+left or right arrow Select to end of line Shift+End Select to beginning of line Shift+Home Select one line up or down Shift+up or down arrow Select range of characters Click at one point, Shift-click at another Select all text Ctrl+A After selecting type, you can replace it by entering new text from the keyboard. You can likewise cut, copy, or paste text by pressing the standard keyboard shortcuts (Ctrl+X, C, and V) or by choosing commands from the Edit menu. You can undo a text modification by pressing Ctrl+Z or choosing Edit➪ Undo. However, if you type a few characters and then choose Undo, you wipe out all the new characters, not just the most recently typed one. If things go terribly wrong, press Esc or click the Cancel button on the Options bar (the big X) to cancel out of the current type operation. When you select text by clicking its layer name in the Layers palette, the text appearance doesn’t change on screen. If you use any other selection method, selected text appears highlighted, as is the convention. If the highlight gets in your way, press Ctrl+H to hide it. In Photoshop 6, this shortcut hides all on- screen helpers, including guides. Applying character formatting After you click your image with the type tool, the text orientation, Type Mask, and Text Layer buttons disappear, leaving you with the collection of formatting controls shown in Figure 15-8. The Character palette and its palette menu, also shown in the figure, offer some of these same controls plus a few additional options. If you use Adobe InDesign, the palette should look familiar to you — with a few exceptions, it’s a virtual twin of the InDesign Character palette. 6 Photoshop 6 Tip 6 Photoshop 6 697 Chapter 15 ✦ Fully Editable Text To open the palette and its partner, the Paragraph palette, click the Palettes button on the Options bar. Or choose View ➪ Show Character or press Ctrl+T to display the Character palette by its lonesome. Figure 15-8: Photoshop 6 provides several new character-formatting options; look for them on the Options bar and in the Character palette. In Photoshop 6, you can apply formatting on a per-character basis. For example, you can type one letter, change the font color, and then type the next letter in the new color. You can even change fonts from letter to letter. The next several sections explain the character formatting options. All apply to both paragraph and regular text. You can specify formatting before you type or reformat existing type by selecting it first. If you ever want to return the settings in the Character palette to the defaults, make sure that no type is selected. Then choose Reset Character from the bottom of the palette menu. Tip 6 Photoshop 6 Kerning Font Size Style Leading Tracking Horizontal scale ColorAnti-aliasingSizeStyleFont Vertical scale Baseline 698 Part IV ✦ Layers, Objects, and Text Font Select the typeface and type style you want to use from the Font and Style pop-up menus. Rather than offering lowest-common-denominator Bold and Italic check boxes (as was the case for Photoshop 4), Photoshop now is smart enough to pre- sent a full list of designer style options. For example, while Times is limited to Bold and Italic, the Helvetica family may yield such stylistic variations as Oblique, Light, Black, Condensed, Inserat, and Ultra Compressed. The Character palette menu contains a bunch of additional style options, which you can see in Figure 15-8. Click these options in the menu to toggle them on and off. A check mark next to the style name means that it’s active. ✦ Faux Bold and Faux Italic enable you to apply bold and italic effects to the letters when the font designer doesn’t include them as a type style. Use these options only if the Style pop-up menu doesn’t offer bold and italic settings; you get better looking type by applying the font designer’s own bold and italic versions of the characters. ✦ Choose All Caps and Small Caps to convert the case of the type. You can’t convert capital letters to Small Caps if you created those capitals by pressing Shift or Caps Lock on the keyboard. Pressing Ctrl+Shift+K toggles selected text from uppercase to lowercase, as it does in QuarkXPress and InDesign. Remember that this shortcut works only when text is selected. If you’re working with the type tool and haven’t selected text, the shortcut affects any new text you create after the insertion marker; with any other tool, it brings up the Color Settings dialog box. ✦ Superscript and Subscript shrink the selected characters and move them above or below the text baseline, as you might want to do when typing mathe- matical equations. If Superscript and Subscript don’t position characters as you want them, use the Baseline option to control them, as I explain in the upcoming section “Baseline.” ✦ Underline Left and Underline Right apply to vertical type only and enable you to add a line to the left or right of the selected characters, respectively. When you work with horizontal type, the option changes to Underline and does just what its name implies. Strikethrough draws a line that slices right through the middle of your letters. Keep in mind that you can always produce these styles manually by using the pencil or paintbrush — a choice that I prefer because it enables me to control the thickness, color, and opacity of the line and even play with blend modes. ✦ The Ligatures and Old Style options become available only if you select an OpenType font and only if the font designer included the required type varia- tions. A ligature is a special character that produces a stylized version of a pair of characters, such as a and e, tying the two characters together with no space between, like so: æ. Old Style creates numbers at a reduced size, which may extend below the baseline. Tip Tip 6 Photoshop 6 699 Chapter 15 ✦ Fully Editable Text Size You can measure type in Photoshop 6 in points, pixels, or millimeters. To make your selection, press Ctrl+K and then Ctrl+5 to open the Units and Rulers panel of the Preferences dialog box. (You must exit text mode to do so.) Select the unit you want to use from the Type pop-up menu. You can enter values in any of the acceptable units of measurement, and Photoshop automatically converts the value to the unit you select in the Preferences dialog box. Just type the number followed by the unit’s abbreviation (“in” for inches, for example). After you press Enter, Photoshop makes the conversion for you. See Chapter 2 for more information about measurement units in Photoshop 6. If the resolution of your image is 72 ppi, points and pixels are equal. There are 72 points in an inch, so 72 ppi means only 1 pixel per point. If the resolution is higher, however, a single point may include many pixels. The moral is to select the point option when you want to scale text according to image resolution; select pixels when you want to map text to an exact number of pixels in an image. (If you prefer, you can use millimeters instead of points; 1 millimeter equals 0.039 inch, which means 25.64 mm equals 72 points.) Whatever unit you choose, type is measured from the top of its ascenders — letters like b, d, and h that rise above the level of most lowercase characters— to the bot- tom of its descenders — letters like g, p, and q that sink below the baseline. That’s the way it’s supposed to work, anyway. But throughout history, designers have played pretty loose and free with type size. To illustrate, Figure 15-9 shows the two standards, Times and Helvetica, along with a typical display font and a typical script. Each line is set to a type size of 180 pixels and then placed inside a 180-pixel box. The dotted horizontal lines indicate the baselines. As you can see, the only font that comes close to measuring the full 180 pixels is Tekton. The Brush Script sample is relatively minuscule (and Brush Script is husky compared with most scripts). So if you’re looking to fill a specific space, be prepared to experiment. The only thing you can be sure of is that the type won’t measure the precise dimensions you enter into the Size option box. You can change type size by selecting a size from the Size pop-up menu or double- clicking the Size value, typing a new size, and pressing Enter. But the quickest option is to use the following keyboard shortcuts: To increase the type size in 2-point (or pixel) increments, press Ctrl+Shift+greater than (>). To similarly decrease the size, press Ctrl+Shift+less than (<). Add Alt to raise or lower the type size in 10-point (or pixel) increments. If you select millimeters as your unit of measurement, Photoshop raises or lowers the type size by 0.71 mm, which is the equivalent of 2 points. Tip Note Tip 6 Photoshop 6 700 Part IV ✦ Layers, Objects, and Text Figure 15-9: Four samples of 180-pixel type set inside 180-pixel boxes. As you can see, type size is an art, not a science. Leading Also called line spacing, leading is the vertical distance between the baseline of one line of type and the baseline of the next line of type, as illustrated in Figure 15-10. In Photoshop 6, you set leading via the Leading pop-up menu in the Character palette, labeled in Figure 15-8. Again, either select one of the menu options or double-click the current value, type a new value, and press Enter. Leading is measured in the unit you select from the Type pop-up menu in the Preferences dialog box. If you choose the Auto setting, Photoshop automatically applies a leading equal to 120 percent of the type size. The 120 percent value isn’t set in stone, however. To change the value, open the Paragraph palette menu and choose Justification to display the Justification dialog box. Enter the value you want to use in the Auto Leading option box and press Enter. The easiest way to change the distance between one line and another is like so: First, when adjusting the space between a pair of lines, select the bottom of the two. Then press Alt+up arrow to decrease the leading in 2-point (pixel) increments and move the lines closer together. Press Alt+down arrow to increase the leading and spread the lines apart. To work in 10-point (pixel) increments, press Ctrl+Alt+up or down arrow. (Again, if you work in millimeters, the leading value changes by 0.71 mm and 3.53 mm — the equivalent of 2 points and 10 points, respectively.) Tip 6 Photoshop 6 Times Bold Helvetica Tekton Brush Script [...]... more dramatic effects at small type sizes, as shown in Figure 15-15 705 7 06 Part IV ✦ Layers, Objects, and Text Photoshop Figure 15-15: The results of the four antialias settings, which you choose from a pop-up menu on the Options bar in Photoshop 6 Applying paragraph formatting 6 Photoshop 6 brings the addition of paragraph formatting options, including justification, alignment, hyphenation, line... outline that Photoshop displays around the shape To hide the outline and smooth out the on-screen appearance of the text, press Ctrl+H Of course, in Photoshop 6, this command also hides the marching ants, guides, and other on-screen aids The View ➪ Show ➪ Target Path command enables you to toggle just the shape outlines Photoshop Photoshop Character Masks and Layer Effects 6 In Photoshop 6, you can create... on whether you’re formatting vertical or horizontal type Align left Align center Align right Figure 15-17: In addition to aligning individual lines of type with each other, you can apply paragraph justification to text in Photoshop 6 707 Photoshop 708 Part IV ✦ Layers, Objects, and Text 6 If you create bounding-box text, Photoshop aligns text with respect to the boundaries of the box For example, if... “Creating and manipulating text in a frame,” earlier in this chapter, for information about this method of adding text.) Figure 15- 16 provides a field guide to the Paragraph palette and also shows the palette menu Like the Character palette menu, this one offers additional choices related to paragraph formatting Note Tip Photoshop can apply formatting to each paragraph in a bounding box independently of... others related to text formatting, comes straight from Adobe InDesign and Illustrator In case you’re not familiar with the controls, they work as follows: ✦ Enter a value into the Words Longer Than option box to specify the number of characters required before Photoshop can hyphenate a word ✦ Use the After First and Before Last options to control the minimum number of characters before a hyphen and after... the spot where you want the line to break, adding a hyphen to the end of the line if needed Warping text Photoshop For all its glories, text in Photoshop has always lacked an option widely used by designers creating type in drawing programs: the ability to fit text to a path You were limited to creating straight lines of text only — no wrapping type around a circle or otherwise bending your words 6 You... characters, as I did here Caution Tip Before you convert text to shapes, however, make sure that you don’t need to make further changes to character or paragraph formatting or add or delete letters Photoshop sees your text purely as shapes after the conversion so you can’t edit the text using the type tool anymore For safety’s sake, save the text to a new layer or image before choosing Convert to Shape As... using some other unit of measurement by typing the value followed by the unit’s abbreviation (“in” for inches, for example) When you press Enter, Photoshop converts the value to the unit you selected in the Preferences dialog box (Chapter 2 explains other pertinent facts about units preferences in Photoshop 6. ) Hyphenation In most cases, you probably won’t be entering text that requires hyphenation to... found on the Options bar in Photoshop 6 (refer back to Figure 15-8), offers four choices Whichever option you choose, the entire layer gets the effect You can’t apply antialiasing to individual characters on a layer, as you can other formatting options Choose None from the pop-up menu to turn off antialiasing (softening) and give characters hard, choppy edges, which is good for very small type Crisp... are that you can apply Tracking to multiple characters at a time And Photoshop permits you to apply a Tracking value on top of either automatic or manual kerning (For folks experienced with Photoshop 4 and earlier, Tracking is more or less the equivalent of the old Spacing option, but measured in ems.) Horizontal and vertical scaling 6 The Size pop-up menu scales text proportionally But using the two . reduce it to 0 percent. Tip 6 Photoshop 6 6 Photoshop 6 Tip 6 Photoshop 6 709 Chapter 15 ✦ Fully Editable Text Figure 15-18: The justification options let you control how Photoshop adjusts your. corner of the box at the spot you clicked. Figure 15-7: Drag the box handles to transform the frame alone or frame and text together. Origin point 6 Photoshop 6 6 Photoshop 6 695 Chapter 15 ✦ Fully. 15-15. Tip 6 Photoshop 6 6 Photoshop 6 Tip 7 06 Part IV ✦ Layers, Objects, and Text Figure 15-15: The results of the four antialias settings, which you choose from a pop-up menu on the Options bar in Photoshop