Introduction to AutoCAD 2011- P13 potx

Introduction to AutoCAD 2010 chapter 1 364 Introduction to AutoCAD 2011 364 chapter 17 7. An orthographic projection of the parts of a lathe steady is given in Fig. 17.43. From the dimensions shown in the drawing, construct an assembled 3D model of the lathe steady. When the 3D model has been completed, add suitable lighting and materials and render the model (Fig. 17.44). Ø30Hole Ø20 R20 Ø20 15 40 100 140 45 R3 R35 Fig. 17.42 Exercise 6 A A 98 13 10 63 30 45 30 40 13 80° R24 90° Ø20 HOLES Ø10 BOSS Ø16 TAPPED M8 80 5 45 10 Ø16 12 M10 Ø20 30�Ø10 26 3 M10 Ø20 40 10 10 123 16 M8 1 2 3 4 5 6 Name: Scale: Date: Title: A. Student 1:1 15/03/2008 LATHE STEADY Dimensions in millimetres DO NOT SCALE THIS DRAWING Fig. 17.43 Exercise 7 – details Introducing AutoCAD 2010 chapter 1 365 Three-dimensional space 365 chapter 17 8. Construct suitable polylines to sizes of your own discretion in order to form the two surfaces to form the box shape shown in Fig. 17.45 with the aid of the Rulesurf tool. Add lighting and a material and render the surfaces so formed. Construct another three Edgesurf surfaces to form a lid for the box. Place the surface in a position above the box, add a material and render (Fig. 17.46). Fig. 17.44 Exercise 7 – a rendering Fig. 17.45 Exercise 8 – the box Fig. 17.46 Exercise 8 – the box and its lid 80808080 20 20 Fig. 17.47 Exercise 9 – one of the polylines from which the surface was obtained 9. Fig. 17.47 shows a polyline for each of the 4 objects from which the surface shown in Fig. 17.48 was obtained. Construct the surface and shade in Shades of Gray. Introduction to AutoCAD 2010 chapter 1 366 Introduction to AutoCAD 2011 366 chapter 17 10. The surface model for this exercise was constructed from three Edgesurf surfaces working to the suggested objects for the surface as shown in Fig. 17.49. The sizes of the outlines of the objects in each case are left to your discretion. Fig. 17.50 shows the completed surface model. Fig. 17.51 shows the three surfaces of the model separated from each other. Fig. 17.48 Exercise 9 Fig. 17.50 Exercise 10 Fig. 17.49 Outlines for the three surfaces Object 1 Object 2 Object 3 Object 4 Object 4 Object 3 Object 2 Object 1 Object 1 from its front Object 3 from its front Fig. 17.51 The three surfaces Introducing AutoCAD 2010 chapter 1 367 Three-dimensional space 367 chapter 17 11. Fig. 17.52 shows in a View Block/Isometric view a semicircle of radius 25 constructed in the View Cube/Top view on a layer of colour Magenta with a semicircle of radius 75 constructed on the View Block/Front view with its left-hand end centred on the semicircle. Fig. 17.53 shows a surface constructed from the two semicircles in a Visual Styles/Realistic mode. Fig. 17.53 Exercise 11 Fig. 17.52 Exercise 11 – the circle and semicircle 369 AIMS OF THIS CHAPTER The aims of this chapter are: 1. To introduce the use of tools from the Solid Editing panel. 2. To show examples of a variety of 3D solid models. Chapter 18 Editing 3D solid models Introduction to AutoCAD 2011 chapter 18 370 The Solid Editing tools The Solid Editing tools can be selected from the Home/Solid Editing panel (Fig. 18.1). Fig. 18.1 The Home/Solid Editing panel Original cylinder After extruding faces along paths Fig. 18.3 First example – Extrude faces tool R40 40 40 45 70 R40 Fig. 18.2 First example – Extrude faces tool – first stages Examples of the results of using some of the Solid Editing tools are shown in this chapter. These tools are of value if the design of a 3D solid model requires to be changed (edited), although some have a value in constructing parts of 3D solids which cannot easily be constructed using other tools. First example – Extrude faces tool (Fig. 18.3) 1. Set ISOLINES to 24. 2. In a ViewCube/Right view, construct a cylinder of radius 30 and height 30 (Fig. 18.3). 3. In a ViewCube/Front view, construct the pline (Fig. 18.2). Mirror the pline to the other end of the cylinder. Editing 3D solid models chapter 18 371 4. In a ViewCube/Top view, move the pline to lie central to the cylinder. 5. Place the screen in a ViewCube/Isometric view. 6. Click the Extrude faces tool icon in the Home/Solid Editing panel (Fig. 18.1). The command line shows: Command: _solidedit Solids editing automatic checking: SOLIDCHECK=1 Enter a solids editing option [Face/Edge/Body/ Undo/eXit] <eXit>: _face Enter a face editing option [Extrude/Move/Rotate/Offset/Taper/Delete/Copy/ coLor/mAterial/Undo/eXit] <eXit>: _extrude Select faces or [Undo/Remove]: pick the cylinder 2 faces found. Select faces or [Undo/Remove/ALL]: enter r right- click Remove faces or [Undo/Add/ALL]: right-click Specify height of extrusion or [Path]: enter p (Path)right-click Select extrusion path: pick the left-hand path pline Solid validation started. Solid validation completed. Enter a face editing option [Extrude/Move/Rotate/ Offset/Taper/Delete/Copy/coLor/mAterial/Undo/ eXit] <eXit>: right-click Command: 7. Repeat the operation using the pline at the other end of the cylinder as a path. 8. Add lights and a material and render the 3D model (Fig. 18.3). Note Note the prompt line which includes the statement SOLIDCHECK=1. If the variable SOLIDCHECK is set on (to 1) the prompt lines include the lines SOLIDCHECK=1, Solid validation started and Solid validation completed. If set to 0 these two lines do not show. Second example – Extrude faces tool (Fig. 18.5) 1. Construct a hexagonal extrusion just 1 unit high in the ViewCube/Top. 2. Change to the ViewCube/Front and construct the curved pline (Fig. 18.4). Extruded hexagon of height 1 unit Path - a pline Fig. 18.4 Second example – Extrude faces tool – pline for path Introduction to AutoCAD 2011 chapter 18 372 Third example – Move faces tool (Fig. 18.6) 1. Construct the 3D solid drawing shown in the left-hand drawing of Fig. 18.6 from three boxes which have been united using the Union tool. 2. Click on the Move faces tool in the Home/Solid Editing panel (see Fig. 18.1). The command line shows: Command: _solidedit [prompts] _face Enter a face editing option [prompts]: _move Select faces or [Undo/Remove]: pick the model face 4 face found. Select faces or [Undo/Remove/ALL]: right-click Specify a base point or displacement: pick Specify a second point of displacement: pick [further prompts]: And the picked face is moved – right-hand drawing of Fig. 18.6. 3. Back in the Top view, move the pline to lie central to the extrusion. 4. Place in the ViewCube/Isometric view and extrude the top face of the extrusion along the path of the curved pline. 5. Add lighting and a material to the model and render (Fig. 18.5). Fig. 18.5 Second example – Extrude faces tool After Move Faces Before Move Faces Fig. 18.6 Third example – Solid, Move faces tool Note This example shows that a face of a 3D solid model can be extruded along any suitable path curve. If the polygon on which the extrusion had been based had been turned into a region, no extrusion could have taken place. The polygon had to be extruded to give a face to a 3D solid. Editing 3D solid models chapter 18 373 Fourth example – Oset faces (Fig. 18.7) 1. Construct the 3D solid drawing shown in the left-hand drawing of Fig. 18.7 from a hexagonal extrusion and a cylinder which have been united using the Union tool. Original model Bottom Face Offset Upper Face Offset Side Face Offset Fig. 18.7 Fourth example – Offset faces tool 2. Click on the Offset faces tool icon in the Home/Solid Editing panel (Fig. 18.1). The command line shows: Command:_solidedit [prompts]:_face [prompts] [prompts]:_offset Select faces or [Undo/Remove]: pick the bottom face of the 3D model 2 faces found. Select faces or [Undo/Remove/All]: enter r right- click Select faces or [Undo/Remove/All]: pick highlighted faces other than the bottom face 2 faces found, 1 removed Select faces or [Undo/Remove/All]: right-click Specify the offset distance: enter 30 right-click 3. Repeat, offsetting the upper face of the cylinder by 50 and the right- hand face of the lower extrusion by 15. The results are shown in Fig. 18.9. Introduction to AutoCAD 2011 chapter 18 374 Fifth example – Taper faces tool (Fig. 18.8) 1. Construct the 3D model as in the left-hand drawing of Fig. 18.8. Place in ViewCube/Isometric view. Before Taper Faces After Taper Faces Fig. 18.8 Fifth example – Taper faces tool 2. Call Taper faces. The command line shows: Command:_solidedit [prompts]:_face [prompts] [prompts]:_taper Select faces or [Undo/Remove]: pick the upper face of the base 2 faces found. Select faces or [Undo/Remove/All]: enter r right- click Select faces or [Undo/Remove/All]: pick highlighted faces other than the upper face 2 faces found, 1 removed Select faces or [Undo/Remove/All]: right-click Specify the base point: pick a point on left-hand edge of the face Specify another point along the axis of tapering: pick a point on the right-hand edge of the face Specify the taper angle: enter 10 right-click And the selected face tapers as indicated in the right-hand drawing of Fig. 18.8. [...]... are: 1 To give a further example of placing raster images in an AutoCAD drawing 2 To give examples of methods of printing or plotting not given in previous chapters 3 To give examples of polygonal viewports 385 386 Introduction to AutoCAD 2011 Raster images in AutoCAD drawings Example – Raster image in a drawing (Fig 19.5) This example shows the raster file Fig05.bmp of the 3D model constructed to the... line shows: 376 Introduction to AutoCAD 2011 Before Copy Faces After Copy Faces Fig 18.10  Sixth example – Copy faces tool Seventh example – Color faces tool (Fig 18.12) 1 Construct a 3D model of the wheel to the sizes as shown in Fig 18.11 5 50 10 R5 Ø220 R90 chapter 18 R70 Ø210 Ø200 Ø40 R35 Fig 18.11  Seventh example – Color faces tool – details of the 3D model 2 Click the Color faces tool icon in the... Introduction to AutoCAD 2011 Fig 19.13  Fourth example – Printing/Plotting chapter 19 3 Erase the viewport with a click on its bounding line The outline and its contents are erased 4 Click the Model button With a click in each viewport in turn and using the ViewCube settings set viewports in Front, Right, Top and Isometric views, respectively 5 Zoom each viewport to All 6 Click the Layout1 button to. .. panels to the details given in Fig 18.13 chapter 18 3 Add lights and a material to the edited 3D model and render (Fig 18.12) 378 Introduction to AutoCAD 2011 100 20 Ø50 5 20 Fillets are R5 Holes Ø20 R25 Hole Ø40 R20 R15 70 110 200 40 Ø40 10 Pin 7.5 180 chapter 18 Fig 18.13  First example – 3D models – details of sizes and shapes Fig 18.14  First example – 3D models 2 Top view Move the two panels to the... orthographic drawing with its raster image (Fig 19.5) 2 While still in Model Space click the Plot tool icon The Plot dialog appears Check that the required printer/plotter and paper size have been chosen 3 Click the Preview button chapter 19 Fig 19.9  The Plot tool icon in the Quick Access toolbar 392 Introduction to AutoCAD 2011 Fig 19.10  First example – Printing/Plotting chapter 19 4 If satisfied with the... model (details Fig 18.17) Extrude to the given heights Subtract the hole from the 20 high extrusion Hole Ø20 80 40 R10 R60 R40 20 60 10 25 10 60 70 90 Fig 18.17  Third example – 3D models – details of shapes and sizes chapter 18 Third example (Fig 18.18) 380 Introduction to AutoCAD 2011 2 Top Move the 60 extrusion and the 10 extrusion into their correct positions relative to the 20 extrusion With Union... Move the two extrusions into position and union them to the back 4 Top view Construct two cylinders for the pin and its head 5 Top view Move the head to the pin and union the two cylinders 6 Front view Move the pin into its position in the holder Add lights and materials 7 Isometric view Render Adjust lighting and materials as necessary (Fig 18.14) Second example (Fig 18.16) 1 Top (Fig 18.15) Construct... click the OK button The dialog disappears and the command line shows: Command: _IMAGEATTACH Specify insertion point : pick Base image size: Width: 1.000000, Height: 1.041958, Millimeters Specify scale factor : enter 60 right-click Command: And the image is attached on screen at the picked position 387 chapter 19 Other features of 3D modeling 388 Introduction to AutoCAD 2011 How to produce a raster... first example (Fig 19.5) 2 Make a new layer vports of colour green Make this layer current 3 Click the MODEL button in the status bar (Fig 19.6) The Page Setup Manager dialog appears (Fig 19.7) Click its Modify… button and the Page Setup – Layout1 dialog appears (Fig 19.8) 390 Introduction to AutoCAD 2011 chapter 19 Fig 19.7  The Page Setup Manager dialog Fig 19.8  The Page Setup – Layout1 dialog Other... Holes Ø20 28 50 40 90 Ø10 40 Ø5 180 Holes Ø6 Fig 19.1  Raster image in a drawing – drawings into which file is to be inserted chapter 19 Raster images are graphics images in files with file names ending with the extensions *.bmp, *.pcx, *.tif and the like The types of graphics files which can be inserted into AutoCAD drawings can be seen by first clicking on the External References Palette icon in the . Gray. Introduction to AutoCAD 2010 chapter 1 366 Introduction to AutoCAD 2011 366 chapter 17 10. The surface model for this exercise was constructed from three Edgesurf surfaces working to the. Introduction to AutoCAD 2010 chapter 1 364 Introduction to AutoCAD 2011 364 chapter 17 7. An orthographic projection of the parts. 18.22 Exercise 2 – details of shapes and sizes Fig. 18.23 Exercise 2 Introduction to AutoCAD 2010 chapter 1 382 Introduction to AutoCAD 2011 chapter 18 382 3. Construct the 3D model shown in the