The official guide to the toefl ibt third edition part 42 pot

Writing Based on Reading and Listening Directions: For this task, you will read a passage about an academic topic and you will listen to a lecture about the same topic. You may take notes while you read and listen. Then you will write a response to a question that asks you about the relationship be- tween the lecture you heard and the reading passage. Try to answer the question as completely as possible using information from the reading passage and the lecture. The question does not ask you to express your personal opinion. You may refer to the reading passage again when you write. You may use your notes to help you answer the question. Typically, an effective response will be 150 to 225 words. Your response will be judged on the quality of your writing and on the completeness and accuracy of the content. You should allow 3 minutes to read the passage. Then listen to the lecture. Then allow 20 minutes to plan and write your response. Write your response in the space provided. [Reading] 278 TOEFL iBT Practice Test 1 Altruism is a type of behavior in which an animal sacrifices its own interest for that of another animal or group of animals. Altruism is the opposite of selfishness; indi- viduals performing altruistic acts gain nothing for themselves. Examples of altruism abound, both among humans and among other mam- mals. Unselfish acts among humans range from the sharing of food with strangers to the donation of body organs to family members, and even to strangers. Such acts are altruistic in that they benefit another, yet provide little reward to the one performing the act. In fact, many species of animals appear willing to sacrifice food, or even their life, to assist other members of their group. The meerkat, which is a mammal that dwells in burrows in grassland areas of Africa, is often cited as an example. In groups of meerkats, an individual acts as a sentinel, standing guard and looking out for predators while the others hunt for food or eat food they have obtained. If the sentinel meerkat sees a predator such as a hawk approaching the group, it gives an alarm cry alerting the other meerkats to run and seek shelter. By standing guard, the sentinel meerkat gains nothing—it goes without food while the others eat, and it places itself in grave danger. After it issues an alarm, it has to flee alone, which might make it more at risk to a predator, since animals in groups are often able to work together to fend off a predator. So the altruistic sentinel behavior helps ensure the survival of other members of the meerkat’s group. Now play Audio Track 30 . 279 Writing GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE g Essay Topic Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to specifically explain how they cast doubt on points made in the reading passage. You must finish your answer in 20 minutes. 280 TOEFL iBT Practice Test 1 Writing Based on Knowledge and Experience Directions: For this task, you will write an essay in response to a question that asks you to state, explain, and support your opinion on an issue. Typically, an effective essay will contain a minimum of 300 words. Your essay will be judged on the quality of your writing. This includes the development of your ideas, the organization of your essay, and the quality and accuracy of the language you use to express your ideas. You have 30 minutes to plan and complete your essay. Write your essay in the space provided. Essay Topic Some young adults want independence from their parents as soon as possible. Other young adults prefer to live with their families for a longer time. Which of these situations do you think is better? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion. 281 Writing GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE g STOP. This is the end of the Writing section of TOEFL iBT Practice Test 1. 282 TOEFL iBT Practice Test 1 283 Reading Answer Key and Self-Scoring Chart Directions: Check your answers against the Answer Key below. Write the number 1 on the line to the right of each question if you picked the correct answer. (For questions worth more than one point, follow the directions given.) Total your points at the bottom of the chart. Question Number Correct Answer Your Raw Points Nineteenth-Century Politics in the United States 1. 2 ______ 2. 3 ______ 3. 2 ______ 4. 1 ______ 5. 3 ______ 6. 2 ______ 7. 3 ______ 8. 4 ______ 9. 4 ______ 10. 2 ______ 11. 4 ______ 12. 1 ______ For question 13, write 2 if you picked all three correct answers. Write 1 if you picked two correct answers. 13. 1, 5, 6 ______ TOEFL iBT Practice Test 1 Answers, Explanations, and Listening Scripts Question Number Correct Answer Your Raw Points The Expression of Emotions 1. 2 ______ 2. 3 ______ 3. 2 ______ 4. 3 ______ 5. 3 ______ 6. 3 ______ 7. 1 ______ 8. 1 ______ 9. 1 ______ 10. 4 ______ 11. 4 ______ 12. 3 ______ For question 13, write 2 if you picked all three correct answers. Write 1 if you picked two correct answers. 13. 2, 4, 6 ______ Question Number Correct Answer Your Raw Points Geology and Landscape 1. 4 ______ 2. 2 ______ 3. 2 ______ 4. 3 ______ 5. 3 ______ 6. 1 ______ 7. 2 ______ 8. 2 ______ 9. 2 ______ 10. 4 ______ 11. 1 ______ For question 12, write 3 if you placed five answer choices correctly. Write 2 if you placed 4 choices correctly. Write 1 if you placed 3 choices correctly. 12. Constructive: 1, 5, 6 Destructive: 3, 7 ______ TOTAL: ______ On the opposite page is a table that converts your Reading Practice section answers into a TOEFL iBT Reading Scaled Score. Take the number of correct answers from your Answer Key table and find that number in the left-hand col- umn of the table. The right-hand column of the table gives a range of TOEFL iBT Reading scores for each number of correct answers. For example, if the total of points from your answer key is 26, the table shows a scaled score of 19 to 21. Your scaled score is given as a range instead of a single number for the following reasons: 284 TOEFL iBT Practice Test 1 . judged on the quality of your writing and on the completeness and accuracy of the content. You should allow 3 minutes to read the passage. Then listen to the lecture. Then allow 20 minutes to plan. predators while the others hunt for food or eat food they have obtained. If the sentinel meerkat sees a predator such as a hawk approaching the group, it gives an alarm cry alerting the other. issues an alarm, it has to flee alone, which might make it more at risk to a predator, since animals in groups are often able to work together to fend off a predator. So the altruistic sentinel