BIODIVERSITY ENRICHMENT IN A DIVERSE WORLD Edited by Gbolagade Akeem Lameed BIODIVERSITY ENRICHMENT IN A DIVERSE WORLD Edited by Gbolagade Akeem Lameed Biodiversity Enrichment in a Diverse World http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/3088 Edited by Gbolagade Akeem Lameed Contributors Jessica P. Karia, A. G. Lameed, Jenyo-Oni Adetola, Rosario Tejera, María Victoria Núñez, Ana Hernando, Javier Velázquez, Ana Pérez-Palomino, Benjamin L. Allen, Peter J.S. Fleming, Matt Hayward, Lee R. Allen, Richard M. Engeman, Guy Ballard, Luke K-P. Leung, Analía Alvarez, Flavia del Valle Loto, Yoshitaka Oishi, Thiago Metzker, Tereza C. Spósito, Britaldo S. Filho, Jorge A. Ahumada, Queila S. Garcia, I. A. Orellana, E. Raffaele, Hector Duarte Tagles, Alvaro J. Idrovo, Suzane M. Fank-de-Carvalho, Sônia N. Báo, Maria Salete Marchioretto, Stefanos Kalogirou, Ernesto Azzurro, Michel Bariche, Andrzej Kędziora, Krzysztof Kujawa, Hanna Gołdyn, Jerzy Karg, Zdzisław Bernacki, Anna Kujawa, Stanisław Bałazy, Maria Oleszczuk, Mariusz Rybacki, Ewa Arczyńska-Chudy, Cezary Tkaczuk, Rafał Łęcki, Maria Szyszkiewicz-Golis, Piotr Pińskwar, Dariusz Sobczyk, Joanna Andrusiak, Gabriella Buffa, Edy Fantinato, Leonardo Pizzo, Jing Tan, Tian Yan, Wang Shang-Wu, Jie Feng, Heimo Mikkola, Guilherme Fernando Gomes Destro, Tatiana Lucena Pimentel, Raquel Monti Sabaini, Roberto Cabral Borges, Raquel Barreto, Ylo Joann Systra, Mohd Nazip Suratman, Marcos del Pozo-Baños, Jaime R. Ticay-Rivas, Jousé Cabrera-Falcón, Jorge Arroyo, Carlos M. Travieso-González, Luis Sánchez-Chavez, Santiago T. Pérez, Jesús B. Alonso, Melvín Ramírez-Bogantes Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia Copyright © 2012 InTech All chapters are Open Access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. After this work has been published by InTech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication, referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source. Notice Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published chapters. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book. Publishing Process Manager Oliver Kurelic Typesetting InTech Prepress, Novi Sad Cover InTech Design Team First published August, 2012 Printed in Croatia A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com Additional hard copies can be obtained from orders@intechopen.com Biodiversity Enrichment in a Diverse World, Edited by Gbolagade Akeem Lameed p. cm. ISBN 978-953-51-0718-7 Contents Preface IX Section 1 Ecological Section 1 Chapter 1 Floral and Avifaunal Diversity of Thol Lake Wildlife (Bird) Sanctuary of Gujarat State, India 3 Jessica P. Karia Chapter 2 Species-Diversity Utilization of Salt Lick Sites at Borgu Sector of Kainji Lake National Park, Nigeria 35 A. G. Lameed and Jenyo-Oni Adetola Chapter 3 Biodiversity and Conservation Status of a Beech (Fagus sylvatica) Habitat at the Southern Edge of Species´Distribution 63 Rosario Tejera, María Victoria Núñez, Ana Hernando, Javier Velázquez and Ana Pérez-Palomino Chapter 4 Top-Predators as Biodiversity Regulators: Contemporary Issues Affecting Knowledge and Management of Dingoes in Australia 85 Benjamin L. Allen, Peter J.S. Fleming, Matt Hayward, Lee R. Allen, Richard M. Engeman, Guy Ballard and Luke K-P. Leung Chapter 5 Characterization and Biological Activity of Bacillus thuringiensis Isolates that Are Potentially Useful in Insect Pest Control 133 Analía Alvarez and Flavia del Valle Loto Chapter 6 Decreased Epiphytic Bryophyte Diversity on Mt. Odaigahara, Japan: Causes and Implications 153 Yoshitaka Oishi Chapter 7 Tropical Forest and Carbon Stock’s Valuation: A Monitoring Policy 171 Thiago Metzker, Tereza C. Spósito, Britaldo S. Filho, Jorge A. Ahumada and Queila S. Garcia VI Contents Chapter 8 Effect of Pseudotsuga menziesii Plantations on Vascular Plants Diversity in Northwest Patagonia, Argentina 195 I. A. Orellana and E. Raffaele Section 2 Health Related Matter 209 Chapter 9 Biodiversity and Mental Health 211 Hector Duarte Tagles and Alvaro J. Idrovo Section 3 Agricultural Aspect 233 Chapter 10 Amaranthaceae as a Bioindicator of Neotropical Savannah Diversity 235 Suzane M. Fank-de-Carvalho, Sônia N. Báo and Maria Salete Marchioretto Chapter 11 The Ongoing Shift of Mediterranean Coastal Fish Assemblages and the Spread of Non-Indigenous Species 263 Stefanos Kalogirou, Ernesto Azzurro and Michel Bariche Chapter 12 Impact of Land-Use and Climate on Biodiversity in an Agricultural Landscape 281 Andrzej Kędziora, Krzysztof Kujawa, Hanna Gołdyn, Jerzy Karg, Zdzisław Bernacki, Anna Kujawa, Stanisław Bałazy, Maria Oleszczuk, Mariusz Rybacki, Ewa Arczyńska-Chudy, Cezary Tkaczuk, Rafał Łęcki, Maria Szyszkiewicz-Golis, Piotr Pińskwar, Dariusz Sobczyk and Joanna Andrusiak Section 4 Socio-Economic Impact 337 Chapter 13 Effects of Disturbance on Sandy Coastal Ecosystems of N-Adriatic Coasts (Italy) 339 Gabriella Buffa, Edy Fantinato and Leonardo Pizzo Chapter 14 Creation of the New System of Management of Important Transition Zones in the Nature 373 Jing Tan, Tian Yan, Wang Shang-Wu and Jie Feng Chapter 15 Implication of Alien Species Introduction to Loss of Fish Biodiversity and Livelihoods on Issyk-Kul Lake in Kyrgyzstan 395 Heimo Mikkola Chapter 16 Efforts to Combat Wild Animals Trafficking in Brazil 421 Guilherme Fernando Gomes Destro, Tatiana Lucena Pimentel, Raquel Monti Sabaini, Roberto Cabral Borges and Raquel Barreto Contents VII Section 5 Genetics and Hereditary 437 Chapter 17 The Influence of Geochemistry on Biological Diversity in Fennoscandia and Estonia 439 Ylo Joann Systra Chapter 18 Tree Species Diversity and Forest Stand Structure of Pahang National Park, Malaysia 473 Mohd Nazip Suratman Chapter 19 Image Processing for Pollen Classification 493 Marcos del Pozo-Baños, Jaime R. Ticay-Rivas, Jousé Cabrera-Falcón, Jorge Arroyo, Carlos M. Travieso-González, Luis Sánchez-Chavez, Santiago T. Pérez, Jesús B. Alonso and Melvín Ramírez-Bogantes Preface This book - Biodiversity Enrichment in a Diverse World - considered biodiversity (plants, animals, fungi, and microbes) from three different angles: genetics, species, and ecosystems. The relationships between them are complex and it looks at these aspects from different angles and also various interventions at different levels. The scientific approach of the book demonstrates that the three levels are closely inter- connected and action is therefore needed to conserve and protect the systems if the benefits provided to human life will continue to be available. However, conservation of the biological diversity is essentially an umbrella term for traditional species, relationship to human health, ecosystem conservation and the need to manage the human use of the species and ecosystems in a sustainable way. Gbolagade Akeem Lameed University of Ibadan, Nigeria [...]... Bauhinia racemosa Cassia auriculata Cassia fistula Cassia italica Cassia occidentalis Cassia siamea Cassia javanica renigera Cassia tora Delonix regia Tamarindus indica Family: Balanitaceae Balanites aegyptiaca Family: Papilionaceae Butea monosperma Vernacular Name Pardeshi baval Aniyar Baval Talbaval Siras Khijado Gandobaval Gandobaval Goras ambli Kanski Maharukh Limdo Bakan limdo Asotri Aval Garmalo... verticilliata Vallisneria natans Family:Convolvulaceae Ipomoea fistulosa Ipomoea aquatica Family:Lemnaceae Lemna sp Family: Sapotaceae Madhuca indica Family: Anacardiaceae Mangifera indica Family: Celastraceae Maytenus emarginata Family: Moringaceae Moringa oliefera Family: Najadaceae Najas graminea Family: Nelumbonaceae Nelumbo lutea Family: Rubiaceae Oldenlandia sp Family: Fabaceae Parkinsonia floridum Family:... Mimosaceae Acacia auriculiformis Acacia tomentosa Acacia nilotica ssp indica Acacia farnesiana Acacia planifrons Albizzia lebeck Prosopis cineraria Prosopis glandulosa Prosopis juliflora Pithecellobium dulce Family: Malvaceae Abutilon indica Family: Simaroubaceae Ailanthus excelsa Family: Amaranthaceae Alternanthera sessilis Family: Meliaceae Azadirachta indica Melia azadirach Family: Ceasalpiniaceae Bauhinia... Datura metal Solanum xanthocarpum Family: Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia hirta Euphorbia nivulia Euphorbia obiculata Phyllanthus reticulata Ricinus communis Family: Moraceae Ficus benghalensis Ficus religiosa Family: Asteraceae Grangea maderaspatana Launaea procumbens Xanthium strumarium Vernacular Name Kharshan Karanj Zil, Ziladi Darba Shukli Jinjavo - Kerdo Kanther Nano akado Akdo Arani Basario Okharad Hathisundho... Family: Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton sp Family: Annonaceae Polyalthia longifolia Family: Polygonaceae Polygonum plebeium Polygonum glabrum Family: Salvadoraceae Salvadora persica Salvadora olioedis Vernacular Name Mitho Okharad Kanjo Maradiya Naffatiyu Nada ni Vel Kaye Mahudo Keri Vicklo Saragavo Kamal - Asopalav Piludi Pilu Floral and Avifaunal Diversity of Thol Lake Wildlife (Bird) Sanctuary of Gujarat... no 30 The Najas graminea was found to be grown in abundant with Hydrilla verticillata and the Potamogeton sp in the waters of Narmada Canal reaching TBS Also on the sedges of the Narmada canal water there was growth of emergent hydrophyte Typha sp., and floating Paspalum sp This indicates the presence of nutrients content in the Narmada canal water While in sanctuary area waters such abundant growth... of canals draining into the feeder canal located on the north to northeastern sides of the water body Water is 6 Biodiversity Enrichment in a Diverse World received through Eastern canal, Saij-Hajipur canal, Irana-Indrad-Wamaj canal, Hajipur-Piyaj canal, Eastern feeder at Saghan drain, and Jaspur canal at Thol water body Figure 1 In addition to the feeder canal, the water body receives run-off water... State where the wetlands cover 27.1 lakhs hectares, a sizable area out of the total geographical area of the State Of the total wetland area, inland wetlands cover 7.7% Floral and Avifaunal Diversity of Thol Lake Wildlife (Bird) Sanctuary of Gujarat State, India 5 and coastal wetland covers 92.3% In coastal wetlands maximum area is under tidal flats/mud flats and the main contribution is from Great and... catchment area of the water body which covers 320 sq.km is located to its north and north-east so the spread is from Kadi taluka of Mehsana district and Kalol taluka of Gandhinagar district These areas have seven small or big industrial areas they are, Karoli, Saij, Wamaj, Kalol, Chhatral, Indrad and Rajpur (Information from INDEXTb, Industrial Extension Bureau, Gandhinagar) Water finds its way through a number... Dicanthium annulatum Eragrostis sp Dactyolactelum aegypticum Family: Cyperaceae Scirpus sp Cyperus sp Family: Capparaceae Capparis decidua Capparis sepiara Family: Asclepiadaceae Calotropis procera Calotropis gigantea Family: Verbenaceae Clerodendron multiflorum Family: Boraginaceae Coldenia procumbens Heliotropium indicum Cordia myxa Family: Menispermaceae Cocculus hirsutus Family: Solanaceae Datura . are, Karoli, Saij, Wamaj, Kalol, Chhatral, Indrad and Rajpur (Information from INDEXTb, Industrial Extension Bureau, Gandhinagar). Water finds its way through a number of canals draining into. Chapter 9 Biodiversity and Mental Health 211 Hector Duarte Tagles and Alvaro J. Idrovo Section 3 Agricultural Aspect 233 Chapter 10 Amaranthaceae as a Bioindicator of Neotropical Savannah. wetland area, inland wetlands cover 7.7% Floral and Avifaunal Diversity of Thol Lake Wildlife (Bird) Sanctuary of Gujarat State, India 5 and coastal wetland covers 92.3%. In coastal wetlands maximum