Pipe Stress Engineering doc

[...]... Expansion stress Benchmark expansion stress range Endurance strength of pipe material Allowable endurance strength Flange gasket stress due to axial force Vector of independent support motion components Allowable stress of pipe material at hot operating condition Pressure hoop stress Hoop pressure stress Stress intensity (=twice of the maximum shear stress) Longitudinal pressure stress Flange gasket stress. .. Radius of pipe cross-section Radius of round attachment Rotation Mean radius of pipe cross-section Basic allowable stress for pipeline Stress Basic allowable thermal expansion stress range Flange bolt stress Nomenclature  xixii Sc SE SEB Sel SelA SF {Sg} Sh Sh Shp Si Slp SM SMYS SP SPW ST Su Sy Syc Syhx T T T T T* t t t t t td to V V V V v v W W W W W Wp Ws w {X } XA XB Allowable stress of pipe material... to explain all the necessary tasks of pipe stress engineering with basic fundamentals Although only a few very fundamental equations are introduced, theoretical backgrounds will be covered in as much detail as possible The book is titled Pipe Stress Engineering to distinguish it from a regular pipe stress analysis book, which normally lacks the coverage of the engineering aspects Although this book... called pipe stress and support The scope of the pipe stress and support activity has increased exponentially in the past three decades This is due to the stringent requirements of the modern plant For instance, in the 1960s, the pipe stress and support manpower used for a petrochemical plant was about 4000 man-hours A nuclear power plant in that era would have used about the same amount of pipe stress. .. tool, such as an efficient pipe stress computer program, not only significantly reduces the cost of designing a plant, but also greatly improves the quality of the plant Good work starts with a good grasp of the scope of the jobs that need to be done In this chapter, the non-mathematical concepts of pipe stress activities will be discussed 1.1  SCOPE OF PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS Pipe stress analysis is, of... in stress makes it easier to connect with engineers However, this stress is just an elastic equivalent stress obtained by multiplying the allowable strain with the modulus of elasticity When the strain exceeds the yield strain, the stress becomes a fictitious stress In other words, the stress is not a real stress when it exceeds the yield strength of the material In fatigue, we are dealing with stress. .. Ratio of total pipe weight, including pipe metal weight, content, and insulation, to pipe metal weight Vibration stress amplification factor due to concentrated weight Soil cohesion stress Viscous damping Specific heat of gas under constant pressure condition specific heat of gas under constant volume condition Diameter of pipe or circular cross-section Diameter of vessel shell or run pipe Displacement... the task of the stress engineer has been shifted from the traditional stress calculation to stress engineering The emphasis is not on how to calculate the stress, but rather on how to utilize the analysis tool to design a better plant However, just because it is easy to get the stress calculated, engineers often depend too much on the computer and forget about the fundamentals and engineering common... assigned only when tagged with a pipe diameter See Appendix A for standard nominal pipe wall thicknesses The pipe material involves different manufacturing processes that might implicate some stress risers and tolerances The pipe can be broadly classified via the method in which it was manufactured: seamless or welded Welded pipes, which are somewhat weaker than seamless pipes due to the weld, are further... pipe stress This has generated even more mystery about the field Nowadays, we occasionally see an electrical engineer, although discouraged, conducting the analysis just as proficiently as a mechanical or a structural engineer This partly stems from the fact that colleges and universities normally do not offer any course on pipe stress This leaves the knowledge and skill of pipe stress and piping engineering . Stresses in Pipes 45 2.5.1 Stresses due to Internal Pressure 45 2.5.2 Stresses due to Forces and Moments 47 2.6 Evaluation of Multi-Dimensional Stresses 49 2.6.1 General Two-Dimensional Stress. as possible. The book is titled Pipe Stress Engineering to distinguish it from a regular pipe stress analysis book, which normally lacks the coverage of the engineering aspects. Although this. of pipe cross-section r Radius of round attachment r Rotation r m Mean radius of pipe cross-section S Basic allowable stress for pipeline S Stress S A Basic allowable thermal expansion stress