Tài liệu hạn chế xem trước, để xem đầy đủ mời bạn chọn Tải xuống
1
/ 291 trang
THÔNG TIN TÀI LIỆU
Thông tin cơ bản
Định dạng
Số trang
291
Dung lượng
4,24 MB
Nội dung
[...]... fluids and in the wall of the heat exchanger The governing parameters for the heat rate transferred between the two fluids will be discussed now The quantity of the transferred heat rate Q can be defined by the heattransfer coefficient α, the heattransfer surface area A and the temperature difference Δϑ The heattransfer coefficient defines the heat rate Q transferred per unit transfer area A and per unit... temperature difference With known heattransfer coefficients, the heat rate at every location of the heat exchanger, shown in Figure 1.3, can be determined In engineering, however, not the local but the total transferred heat is of interest To determine the overall heattransfer rate, the local heat flux density must be integrated over the total heattransfer area The total transferred heat rate is: A Q = k ⋅... these goals, an exact prediction of heattransfer processes is required To design a heat exchanger or a complete plant, in which heat is transferred, exact knowledge of the heattransfer processes is mandatory to ensure the greatest efficiency and the lowest total costs Table 1.1 gives an overview of heattransfer applications Table 1.1: Area of heattransfer applications Heating, ventilating and air conditioning... temperature 1.2.1 Heat (transfer) rate and heat flux The heat rate, also called heattransfer rate Q is the amount of heat transferred per unit time It has the unit Watt W A further important parameter is the heat flux density q = Q / A , which defines the heat rate per unit area Its unit is Watt per square meter W/m2 1.2.2 Heattransfer coefficients and overall heattransfer coefficients The description... What is heat transfer? Where is heattransfer applied? Heattransfer is the transport of thermal energy, due to a spacial temperature difference If a spacial temperature difference is present within a system or between systems in thermal contact to each other, heattransfer occurs The application of the science of heattransfer can be easily demonstrated with the example of a radiator design Heating... determine the quantity of the transferred heatHeattransfer describes the dependencies of the heattransfer rate from a corresponding temperature difference and other physical conditions The thermodynamics terms “control volume” and “system” are also common in heattransfer A system can be a material, a body or a combination of several materials or bodies, which transfer to or receive heat from another system... wall, as shown in Figure 2.1, on the one side a heat source emitting a constant heat flux and a heat sink on the other side absorbing this heat flux, are required This could be, for example, on one side a moving warm fluid, that delivers the heat rate, and a cold fluid on the side, receiving the heat rate This is the case in heat exchangers, where heat is transferred through a solid wall from a fluid... through a solid wall from a fluid 1 to a fluid 2 Figure 2.2 shows the plane wall of a heat exchanger, in which the heat is transferred from a warm fluid with the temperature ϑf1 and a given heattransfer coefficient αf1 to a cold fluid with the temperature ϑf2 and a given heattransfer coefficient αf2 Here the fluid heattransfer coefficients are assumed as known values Their determination will be discussed... delivers: Q⋅ 1 α f1 + 1 αW + 1 αf2 = A ⋅ (ϑ f 1 − ϑ f 2 ) (2.11) The overall heattransfer coefficient is: 1 1 1 1 = + + k α f 1 αW α f 2 (2.12) The reciprocal of the overall heattransfer coefficient is the sum of the reciprocals of the heattransfer coefficients The reciprocal of the product of heattransfer coefficient and transfer surface area 1/(α A) is a thermal resistance The thermal resistances... value as the one transferred to fluid 1 and also have the same value as the heat rate through the pipe wall δQ1 = δQ2 = δQW = δQ (1.4) In most cases, the wall temperatures are unknown and the engineer is interested in knowing the total heat rate transferred from fluid 2 to fluid 1 For its determination the overall heattransfer coefficient k is required It has the same unit as the heattransfer coefficient . Introduction and definitions 1 1.1 Modes of heat transfer 3 1.2 Definitions 4 1.2.1 Heat (transfer) rate and heat flux 4 1.2.2 Heat transfer coefficients and overall heat transfer coefficients 4 1.2.3 Rate. the heat transfer coefficient α , the heat transfer surface area A and the temperature difference Δϑ . The heat transfer coefficient defines the heat rate Q transferred per unit transfer. (transfer) rate and heat flux The heat rate, also called heat transfer rate Q is the amount of heat transferred per unit time. It has the unit Watt W. A further important parameter is the heat flux