The American Economy: A Historical Encyclopedia pdf

[...]... to pay their debts to British creditors The Marquis of Rockingham repealed the Stamp Act for this reason During the Stamp Act crisis, Americans argued that there was a difference between a tax for revenue and a tax for the regulation of trade—Parliament, the Americans said, lacked the authority to pass the former but not the latter The Townshend Acts (1767) were Parliament’s attempt to establish an... American policy In August 1961, the United States and the Organization of American States (OAS) signed the Charter of Punta del Este, which formally created the Alliance for Progress The alliance would provide technical advice and financial assistance to Latin American nations interested in upgrading their economic positions, increasing their agricultural output, and improving their systems of education... System, dealt primarily with agricultural and rural sectors It was created by the Federal Farm Loan Act of 1916 (FFLA) and acts as a network of cooperative lending institutions that operates as a direct lender to agricultural producers, agricultural cooperatives, farm-related businesses, and rural residents Another GSE, the Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation, was established in 1988 and acts as a secondary... See also Volume 2: Agricultural Policy Agricultural and Mechanical (A& M) Colleges Postsecondary institutions established to promote the development of the practical arts and sciences Agricultural and mechanical (A& M) colleges were formed after the passage of the Morrill Land Grant Act in 1862 Congress granted the states 30,000 acres of federal land for each senator and representative that the state had... longer has a place—if it ever did—in the lexicon as a nickname for Alaska, given the actual and potential reserves of Alaskan oil and gas, not to mention the abundance of coal The oil field at Prudhoe Bay, discovered by Atlantic Richfield in 1968, has the potential productive capacity of 10 billion barrels—twice as much as the nextlargest field ever found in the United States, that of East Texas in 1930 As... by the Great Depression of the 1930s—among planters, farmers, and land speculators, all of whom feared the consolidating power of the national government They embraced an agrarian philosophy that feared the federal government growing stronger and aligning itself with manufacturing and financial interests against the interests of the farmer Beginning in 1824, a political realignment began over the American. .. not traded on the New York Stock Exchange In 1953 the name changed again, this time to the American Stock Exchange By the 1960s, the exchange had introduced state-of -the- art computer technology that by the 1970s included display screens with data about the equities market Always aware of the need to remain on the cutting edge, the American Stock Exchange entered into an agreement in 2000 that allows... expansion in the Caribbean and Pacific at the dawn of the new century At the conclusion of the Spanish -American War of 1898, the government secured possession of Puerto Rico, Hawaii, and the Philippines Many Americans feared that the nation’s industrial growth would lead to an imperialist course of action in foreign affairs The center of the movement remained located in Boston, although local branches existed... ownership loans to beginning farmers and ranchers In 1992, the average age of farmers had increased to 52 years of age Twice as many farmers were 60 or older as were under the age of 35 The increased cost of farming since the 1970s and the farm crisis of the 1980s had washed many younger farmers out of the business To get the loans, the beginning farmer had to draw up a detailed 10-year plan of action for... external regulatory tax against the colonies, but the Americans responded by implementing a boycott of British goods, as they had done during the previous attempt to implement an external tax The Townshend Duties hurt British manufacturers and Britain’s internal economy The Americans continued to combine their political and economic arguments against Britain’s tyranny in the years leading up to the American . Children (AFDC), 7 Alaska, 8 Aldrich-Vreeland Act (1908), 9 Alliance for Progress, 9 American Economic Association (AEA), 9 American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO),.