Project Gutenberg''''s The Chemistry of Hat Manufacturing, by Watson Smith pptx

[...]... one of the younger members became due, which proved to contain the solution of the chief difficulty of the British felt -hat manufacturer (see pages 66-68) This remarkable coincidence served to give especial stress to the wisdom of the counsel of Sir Henry Roscoe, whose response to the appeal of the members of the deputation of 1887 was at once to point them to scientific light and training as their... of the art of Hat Manufacturing, and then to deliver a series of lectures on the applications of science to this industry Sir Henry Roscoe recommended the writer, then the Lecturer on Chemical Technology in the Owens College, as lecturer, and he was accordingly appointed The lectures were delivered with copious experimental illustrations through two sessions, and during the course a patent by one of. .. you that this is a good instance of the direct money value of scientific training, and in these days of 'protection' and similar subterfuges, it is not amiss to emphasise the fact." It is thus gratifying to the writer to think that the lectures have had some influence on the remarkable progress which the British Hat Industry has made in the twenty years that have elapsed since their delivery These... read by me before the Society of Chemical Industry in 1886 (see J.S.C.I., 1886, vol v p 642) Now the substance of the cotton, linen or flax, as well as that of the cotton-silk fibres, is termed, chemically, cellulose Raw cotton consists of cellulose with about 5 per cent of impurities This cellulose is a chemical compound of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and, according to the relative proportions of these... interesting and complete work of Dr Bowman, On the Structure of the Cotton Fibre Suffice it to say that in certain plants and trees the seeds or fruit are surrounded, in the pods in which they develop, with a downy substance, and that the cotton shrub belongs to this class of plants A fibre picked out from the mass of the downy substance referred to, and examined under the microscope, is found to be a spirally... cupric-ammonium solution, the cellulose is reprecipitated in the form of a gelatinous mass Cotton and linen are scarcely dissolved at all by a solution of basic zinc chloride J.S.C.I = Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry Fig 4 Silk.—We now pass on to the animal fibres, and of these we must first consider silk This is one of the most perfect substances for use in the textile arts A silk fibre... a kind of rod of solidified flexible gum, secreted in and exuded from glands placed on the side of the body of the silk-worm In Fig 4 are shown the forms of the silk fibre, in which there are no central cavities or axial bores as in cotton and flax, and no signs of any cellular structure or external markings, but a comparatively smooth, glassy surface There is, however, a longitudinal groove of more... and examining the slice under the microscope, we can see the hole or perforation up the centre, forming the axis of the tube (see Fig 2) Fig 2 Mr H de Mosenthal, in an extremely interesting and valuable paper (see J.S.C.I.,[1] 1904, vol xxiii p 292), has recently shown that the cuticle of the cotton fibre is extremely porous, having, in addition to pores, what appear to be minute stomata, the latter being... or less depth The fibre is semitransparent, the beautiful pearly lustre being due to the smoothness of the outer layer and its reflection of the light In the silk fibre there are two distinct parts: first, the central portion, or, as we may regard it, the true fibre, chemically termed fibroïn; and secondly, an envelope composed of a substance or substances, chemically termed sericin, and often "silk-glue"... about 0·01 gram, of the well-washed cotton fibre, 1 c.c of water is added, then two to three drops of a 15 to 20 per cent solution of [Greek: alpha]-naphthol in alcohol, and finally an excess of concentrated sulphuric acid; on agitating, a deep violet colour is developed By using thymol in place of the [Greek: alpha]-naphthol, a red or scarlet colour is produced If the fibre were one of an animal nature, . h0" alt="" Project Gutenberg's The Chemistry of Hat Manufacturing, by Watson Smith This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You. investigation of the art of Hat Manufacturing, and then to deliver a series of lectures on the applications of science to this industry. Sir Henry Roscoe recommended the writer, then the Lecturer. stress to the wisdom of the counsel of Sir Henry Roscoe, whose response to the appeal of the members of the deputation of 1887 was at once to point them to scientific light and training as their