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NONLINEAR OPTICS Edited by Natalia Kamanina Nonlinear Optics Edited by Natalia Kamanina Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia Copyright © 2012 InTech All chapters are Open Access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. After this work has been published by InTech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication, referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source. As for readers, this license allows users to download, copy and build upon published chapters even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. Notice Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published chapters. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book. Publishing Process Manager Daria Nahtigal Technical Editor Teodora Smiljanic Cover Designer InTech Design Team First published February, 2012 Printed in Croatia A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com Additional hard copies can be obtained from orders@intechweb.org Nonlinear Optics, Edited by Natalia Kamanina p. cm. ISBN 978-953-51-0131-4 Contents Preface IX Part 1 Features of Nonlinear Optics Mechanisms 1 Chapter 1 Overview of Nonlinear Optics 3 Elsa Garmire Chapter 2 Stimulated Raman Scattering in Quantum Dots and Nanocomposite Silicon Based Materials 53 M. A. Ferrara , I. Rendina and L. Sirleto Chapter 3 Anisotropic Second- and Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Response from Anisotropy Controlled Metallic Nanocomposites 71 Roberto-Carlos Fernández-Hernández, Lis Tamayo-Rivera, Israel Rocha-Mendoza, Raúl Rangel-Rojo, Alicia Oliver and Jorge-Alejandro Reyes-Esqueda Part 2 Unique Nonlinear Optics Schemes and Network 95 Chapter 4 Reflection and Transmission of a Plane TE-Wave at a Lossy, Saturating, Nonlinear Dielectric Film 97 Valery Serov and HansWerner Schürmann Chapter 5 Nonlinear Ellipsometry by Second Harmonic Generation 117 Fabio Antonio Bovino, Maria Cristina Larciprete, Concita Sibilia Maurizio Giardina, G. Váró and C. Gergely Chapter 6 Donor-Acceptor Conjugated Polymers and Their Nanocomposites for Photonic Applications 133 D. Udaya Kumar, A. John Kiran, M. G. Murali and A. V. Adhikari VI Contents Part 3 Nonlinear Optical Materials, Different New Approach and Ideas 161 Chapter 7 Electrical Control of Nonlinear TM Modes in Cylindrical Nematic Waveguide 163 Carlos G. Avendaño, J. Adrian Reyes and Ismael Molina Chapter 8 Epitaxial (Ba,Sr)TiO 3 Ferroelectric Thin Films for Integrated Optics 185 D. Y. Wang and S. Li Chapter 9 Nonlinear Absorption by Porphyrin Supramolecules 209 Kazuya Ogawa and Yoshiaki Kobuke Preface Rapid development of optoelectronic devices and laser techniques poses an important task of creating and studying, from one side, the structures capable of effectively converting, modulating, and recording optical data in a wide range of radiation energy densities and frequencies, from another side, the new schemes and approaches capable to activate and simulate the modern features. It is well known that nonlinear optical phenomena and nonlinear optical materials have the promising place to resolve these complicated technical tasks. To analyze the nonlinear optical processes one should take into account that when the electric field of the laser wave is less than the intra-atomic electric field correlated with the electron charge and with the Bohr radius, we should estimate the linear effect. But, when the electric field of the laser wave is larger than the intra-atomic electric field, we should draw the attention on the nonlinear optical features. Using this aspect, the values of optical susceptibility play important role in nonlinear optical effect. Really, the most important optical characteristic of the all inorganic or organic materials with different symmetry is the induced dipole, whose can be expressed through dipole polarizabilities  (n) . These are in turn related by the proportional dependence to the nonlinear susceptibility  (n) and to the local volume  of the materials (media). Thus, laser-matter interaction provokes the change in polarization of media and predicts the change in important properties, such as dynamic, photorefractive and photoconductive ones. The advanced idea, approach, and information described in this book will be fruitful for the readers to find a sustainable solution in a fundamental study and in the industry approach. The book can be useful for the students, post-graduate students, engineers, researchers and technical officers of optoelectronic universities and companies. N. V. Kamanina, Dr.Sci., PhD, Head of the Lab for “Photophysics of media with nanoobjects”, Vavilov State Optical Institute, Saint-Petersburg, Russia X Preface Acknowledgements The editor would like to thank all chapter authors, reviewers and to all who have helped to prepare this book. The editor would like to acknowledge Ms. Daria Nahtigal, Publishing Process Manager, InTech Publisher, Croatia for her good and continued cooperation. . biology are using increasing amounts of nonlinear optics. Nonlinear optics applies to numerous specific Nonlinear Optics 6 applications, such as in fiber optics, spectroscopy, photorefractivity,. In nonlinear optics we become fluent in both concepts. Table 1 shows a classification scheme that tries to put some order into the many phenomena that comprise nonlinear optics. Optical nonlinearities. of Nonlinear Optics Mechanisms 1  Overview of Nonlinear Optics Elsa Garmire Dartmouth College, USA 1. Introduction The invention of the laser provided enough light intensity that nonlinear