[...]... used for the extraction of metals and usually are monomineralic, such as talc, mica, or mag1 Pohl, W.L (2005): Mineralische und Energie-Rohstoffe Eine Einführung zur Entstehung und nachhaltigen Nutzung von Lagerstätten [Mineral and energy raw materials An introduction to the development and sustainable use of deposits, p 5] G Tiess, General and International Mineral Policy © Springer-Verlag/Wien 2011... Fettweis,5 the following are counted as mineral raw materials in the broader sense (with the exception of water and air): 1 Minerals and mineral mixtures in solid and liquid state as well as gases that occur naturally and in mining waste and have a practical value as mineral resources or because of their mineral resources content 2 Materials provided by mining that meet the demand which originates from their... concept of a minerals policy 4.1 Definition and terms 4.2 Necessity of a minerals policy 4.2.1 Minerals policy versus market economy 4.2.2 Security of minerals supply 4.2.3 Coordination of interactions 4.3 Objectives of a minerals policy ... 22: Instruments of a minerals policy according to Siebert (with supplements of Brandstätter and Tiess) (Data by Brandstätter, 1989) Table 23: Conception of a raw materials policy (the state as a raw materials importer) Table 24: Metallic minerals: production/mining – import – export of commodities of Finland (Data by BGS, 2010 [European Mineral Statistics]) ... (including mining and minerals related industries) – overview (Economy Watch, OECD, USGS, WMD and UEPG) Table 72: Production, import and export of metallic minerals related commodities in selected countries of Europe between 1998 and 2008 (BGS [European minerals statistics]) Table 73: Production, import and export of industrial minerals related... 69: The Arctic and bordering states Figure 70: Close interlocking of minerals policy, mining legislation and 135 mineral economy 141 133 Figure 71: Stakeholders relevant for minerals policy (Data by Christmann, 2008) XVIII 147 Figure 72: Mechanisms of raw materials policy ... Figure 78: National minerals policy – schematic diagram Figure 79: National mineral planning policy – schematic diagram Figure 80: Countries of Europe (Data by http: //www.world-atlas.us) Figure 81: Mining production in Finland between 1998 and 2008 – selected mineral resources (Data by Weber et al [WMD 1998–2008]) Figure 82: Production, export and import of chromium (Data... 1998 and 2008 (BGS [European minerals statistics]) Table 74: Summary of different issues of the mineral policy framework in selected European countries countries (Department of Mining and Tunnelling 2004, Land Use Consultants 2010, European mining laws, USGS) Table 75: Comparision of the national minerals strategies of Finland,... Working Document, 2007 [data: British Geological Survey]) 5 7 14 35 41 XXIII List of figures and tables Table 6: Summary of production of selected industrial minerals, their XXIV main downstream markets and factors identified as affecting demand (Data by EC, DG Enterprise and Industry, 2007 [European Minerals Yearbook 1996–1997; EULA; K+S-estimation; Industrial Minerals... Chapter 1 Introduction nesite 2 These are used because of certain chemical and/ or physical properties for special applications Construction minerals are raw materials in the construction industry, which occur as rocks in the geological sense and often are mineral mixtures (e g sand and gravel, clay, granite) 3 Industrial minerals and construction raw materials along with inorganic salts belong to the