TRANSGENIC PLANTS – ADVANCES AND LIMITATIONS Edited by Yelda Özden Çiftçi Transgenic Plants – Advances and Limitations Edited by Yelda Özden Çiftçi Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia Copyright © 2012 InTech All chapters are Open Access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. After this work has been published by InTech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication, referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source. As for readers, this license allows users to download, copy and build upon published chapters even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. Notice Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published chapters. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book. Publishing Process Manager Silvia Vlase Technical Editor Teodora Smiljanic Cover Designer InTech Design Team First published February, 2012 Printed in Croatia A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com Additional hard copies can be obtained from orders@intechweb.org Transgenic Plants – Advances and Limitations, Edited by Yelda Özden Çiftçi p. cm. ISBN 978-953-51-0181-9 Contents Preface IX Part 1 Application 1 Chapter 1 Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation of Wheat: General Overview and New Approaches to Model and Identify the Key Factors Involved 3 Pelayo Pérez-Piñeiro, Jorge Gago, Mariana Landín and Pedro P. Gallego Chapter 2 Recent Advances in Fruit Species Transformation 27 Hülya Akdemir, Jorge Gago, Pedro Pablo Gallego and Yelda Ozden Çiftçi Chapter 3 Green Way of Biomedicine – How to Force Plants to Produce New Important Proteins 63 Aneta Wiktorek-Smagur, Katarzyna Hnatuszko-Konka, Aneta Gerszberg, Tomasz Kowalczyk, Piotr Luchniak and Andrzej K. Kononowicz Chapter 4 Molecular Breeding of Grasses by Transgenic Approaches for Biofuel Production 91 Wataru Takahashi and Tadashi Takamizo Chapter 5 Bioactive Beads-Mediated Transformation of Rice with Large DNA Fragments Containing Aegilops tauschii Genes, with Special Reference to Bead-Production Methodology 117 Naruemon Khemkladngoen, Naoki Wada, Suguru Tsuchimoto, Joyce A. Cartagena, Shin-ichiro Kajiyama and Kiichi Fukui Chapter 6 Genetic Transformation of Immature Sorghum Inflorescence via Microprojectile Bombardment 133 Rosangela L. Brandão, Newton Portilho Carneiro, Antônio C. de Oliveira, Gracielle T. C. P. Coelho and Andréa Almeida Carneiro VI Contents Chapter 7 Phytoremediation of Bis-Phenol A via Secretory Fungal Peroxidases Produced by Transgenic Plants 149 Tomonori Sonoki, Yosuke Iimura and Shinya Kajita Chapter 8 Biological Activity of Rehmannia glutinosa Transformed with Resveratrol Synthase Genes 161 Bimal Kumar Ghimire, Jung Dae Lim and Chang Yeon Yu Chapter 9 Methods to Transfer Foreign Genes to Plants 173 Yoshihiro Narusaka, Mari Narusaka, Satoshi Yamasaki and Masaki Iwabuchi Part 2 Crop Improvement 189 Chapter 10 Genetic Enhancement of Grain Quality-Related Traits in Maize 191 H. Harting, M. Fracassetti and M. Motto Chapter 11 Stability of Transgenic Resistance Against Plant Viruses 219 Nikon Vassilakos Chapter 12 Expression of Sweet Potato Senescence-Associated Cysteine Proteases Affect Seed and Silique Development and Stress Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis 237 Hsien-Jung Chen, Guan-Jhong Huang, Chia-Hung Lin, Yi-Jing Tsai, Zhe-Wei Lin, Shu-Hao Liang and Yaw-Huei Lin Part 3 Metabolomics 257 Chapter 13 Transgenic Plants as a Tool for Plant Functional Genomics 259 Inna Abdeeva, Rustam Abdeev, Sergey Bruskin and Eleonora Piruzian Chapter 14 Transgenic Plants as Gene-Discovery Tools 285 Yingying Meng, Hongyu Li, Tao Zhao, Chunyu Zhang, Chentao Lin and Bin Liu Chapter 15 Transgenic Plants as Biofactories for the Production of Biopharmaceuticals: A Case Study of Human Placental Lactogen 305 Iratxe Urreta and Sonia Castañón Chapter 16 Arabinogalactan Proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana Pollen Development 329 Sílvia Coimbra and Luís Gustavo Pereira Contents VII Chapter 17 Trichome Specific Expression: Promoters and Their Applications 353 Alain Tissier Chapter 18 Comparative Metabolomics of Transgenic Tobacco Plants (Nicotiana tabacum var. Xanthi) Reveals Differential Effects of Engineered Complete and Incomplete Flavonoid Pathways on the Metabolome 379 Corey D. Broeckling, Ke-Gang Li and De-Yu Xie Chapter 19 Effect of Antisense Squalene Synthase Gene Expression on the Increase of Artemisinin Content in Artemisia anuua 397 Hong Wang, Yugang Song, Haiyan Shen, Yan Liu, Zhenqiu Li, Huahong Wang, Jianlin Chen, Benye Liu and Hechun Ye Part 4 Biosafety 407 Chapter 20 Transgenic Plants – Advantages Regarding Their Cultivation, Potentially Risks and Legislation Regarding GMO’s 409 Pusta Dana Liana Chapter 21 Biosafety and Detection of Genetically Modified Organisms 427 Juliano Lino Ferreira, Geraldo Magela de Almeida Cançado, Aluízio Borém, Wellington Silva Gomes and Tesfahun Alemu Setotaw Chapter 22 Elimination of Transgenic Sequences in Plants by Cre Gene Expression 449 Lilya Kopertekh and Joachim Schiemann Chapter 23 GMO Safety Assessment-Feasibility of Bioassay to Detect Allelopathy Using Handy Sandwich Method in Transgenic Plants 469 Katsuaki Ishii, Akiyoshi Kawaoka and Toru Taniguchi Preface “Green revolution” aided to develop enormous number of improved varieties especially in wheat and rice. Following this revolution, traditional and molecular breeding that benefited from either the desirable genes available naturally or induction of mutation in economically valuable species, provided also improved varieties in tree species. However, with the advent of transgenic technology, it became possible to introduce foreign genes from other plant species that are cross-incompatible and/or even from bacteria, fungi, viruses, mice, and humans. Thus, the scientific community realized the importance of genetically modified (GM) crops, not especially for supplementation of enough food to the growing population, but also for decreasing the usage of pesticides and other crop protective chemicals. Today, GM crops are cultivated in USA, Argentina, Brazil, Canada, China, India, Paraguay, South Africa, Germany, Spain etc. and numerous studies revealed that cultivation of GM crops is safe for the environment and usage as food, at least for approved plants. However, there is still a public concern on GM crops in a number of countries especially in European Union. The main concerns involve cross-pollination between GM crops and wild species, the use of especially antibiotic resistance marker genes, the introduction of possible allergens into the food chain, generation of adverse effect on non-target organisms. But, all of these concerns caused improvements of the technology such as development of new marker systems as phosphomannose isomerase (PMI) and marker-free plants and also production of cisgenic plants. Moreover, biosafety regulations are also carried out very carefully to prevent its potential side-effects. As emerging studies carried on transgenic plants, this book tried to address many aspects of GM plants including its application on different plant species (i.e., wheat, fruit trees and sorghum) together with its usage for crop improvement (i.e., insect and virus resistance, enhancement of quality etc.) and metabolomic studies (i.e., usage for gene discovery and production of biopharmaceuticals). In addition, the risk assessment and economical implications of GM crops are also discussed. Thus, this book is structured into four sections namely, i) Application, ii) Crop Improvement, iii) Metabolomics, and iv) Biosafety. All of those sections include general and research papers that are written by scientist who have experience in transgenic technology. I would like to thank to all of the Authors not only for making this book a valuable X Preface recent resource for various aspects of transgenic crops, but also for enabling this Open Access publication to reach many scientist, teachers, and students working in that field. Finally, I would also like to thank InTech Publishing Company, especially Publishing Process Managers Mr Marko Rebrovic and Ms Silvia Vlase, and the Technical Editor of the book. Assoc. Prof. Yelda Özden Çiftçi Gebze Institute of Technology, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Kocaeli, Turkey . TRANSGENIC PLANTS – ADVANCES AND LIMITATIONS Edited by Yelda Özden Çiftçi Transgenic Plants – Advances and Limitations Edited by Yelda. adult transgenic wheat adult plants. Transgenic Plants – Advances and Limitations 6 Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation of Wheat: General Overview and New Approaches to Model and Identify. Supartana et al. (2006) and Zhao et al. (2006) demonstrated stable gene inheritance and integration in progeny by Southern blot analysis Transgenic Plants – Advances and Limitations 8 (Table