English for aircraft 2

The first volume, Documentation Handbook, contains the basic principles, structure and vocabulary of aeronautical English, with a large number of authentic, one-sentence examples from a

ENGLISH

system maintenance

Philip Shawcross

TI BELIN 8 rue Férou 75006 Paris

En application de fa loi du 11 mars 1957, il est interdit de reproduire intégralement ou partiellement le présent ouvrage sans autorisation de l'éditeur ou du Centre Frangais d’exploitation du droit de Copte (3, rue Hautefeuille - 75006 Paris)

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3 ATA 21 Air Conditioning 3l

7 ATA 25 Equipment and Furnishing 87

9 ATA 27 Flight Controls 109

1Í ATA 29 Hydraulic Power 131

20 ATA 49 Airborne Auxiliary Power 223

FOR THE STUDENT

The aim

English for Aircraft will help you use

aeronautical manuals more easily It is designed for civilian or military technicians, engineers and mechanics and can be used with a qualified teacher in a training course or for self-study It is for users of English with an intermediate level in written English

The first volume, Documentation Handbook,

contains the basic principles, structure and vocabulary of aeronautical English, with a large number of authentic, one-sentence examples from all aircraft systems

System Maintenance is a companion volume to the first It contains extensive texts and figures which are practical examples of the principles explained in the Documentation Handbook A cross-reference system (p 332) enables you to move from one volume to the other and consolidate your knowledge

How is the book organized? System Maintenance is divided into twenty-four chapters, each one corresponding to a major ATA system (or group of systems in the case of the first and last chapters)

Every chapter begins with a checklist of basic terms and ends with a short glossary that provides a brief explanation of words of special interest or difficulty The main body of the chapter consists of a series of texts of various types accompanied by numerous illustrations and activities The activities are technically- based as well as linguistic, enabling you to explore both the technical content and the language used, and to acquire essential reading techniques

4 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY

References in the margin to the Documentation

Handbook make it easy to find explanations of the language, syntax and grammar used

A wide range of texts In System Maintenance, we have used

documents which reflect the range of styles and

difficulty that a fitter, a mechanic, a technician or an engineer has to deal with today ‘The texts are identified in such a way that it is very easy to select only the type of texts you actually need to use

The texts have been chosen to cover as wide a

range as possible in the field of aircraft

maintenance documentation You can choose the

texts you want to study according to several

- conventional English (A300, A310) or

Simplified English (A320)

Variety of language The language varies in style and complexity

The table on the next page gives you a rough idea of the language you can expect to find in

the various types of document

- conjunctions

AD, TFU, Accounts of past events, 4-5 As above plus: AOT, OIT, SIL, on-going, incomplete and

reports, telexes, future actions

letters Regulations, explanations,

theory

- past simple

- present continuous - present perfect - future

- conditional - more complex

conjunctions and longer sentences - non-standard

language

* Note: Only the Aircraft and Component Maintenance Manuals are written consistently in Simplified English and this only since 1986

Simplified English Today, a relatively mature form of Simplified English is used in the Aircraft Maintenance Manuals and most Component Maintenance

Manuals of aircraft such as the A320, Fokker

100, B747-400, B737-500, B767, A340, A330 and other aircraft of this generation

This means that the ground engineer on the shop floor working on these aircraft will be using job cards and reading system descriptions in Simplified English However, this is not always the case when working on planes produced prior

to 1986 Therefore, even people working on the

basic documentation will be faced with both Sim- plified and conventional English for some time

This is all the more true for Engineering

Departments where virtually none of the “day- to-day” documentation issued by the vendors

and manufacturers is in Simplified English Consequently, English for Aircraft is not a Simplified English manual: we have taken both

forms of the language into account A short

account of Simplified English is given on pages 195-202 of the Documentation Handbook

** linguistic activities to practise the syntax, grammar or vocabulary used in the documents

*x** comprehension activities to check

your understanding and your ability to use the technical content of the documents

FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY

Points to remember It is important, at least initially, to approach the

texts only through the activities Do not try to translate word for word or understand everything in the texts

Most of the modules of texts and exercises should only require about 20 minutes’ work This means that it is easy to work regularly and frequently

FOR THE TEACHER The learning process

System Maintenance has been designed to provide a reservoir of texts of convenient length

enabling the student or the teacher to go back

and forth between explanations and examples in

the first volume and application in the second

This pendular movement consolidates the learning process

The variety of systems, types of document and types of activity make it easy to choose course material according to the language ability, technical background and professional ability of the students

Every teacher will naturally draw on his or her personal experience and skill to adapt these materials to the needs and abilities of each group Most of the exercises can be used successfully in the form of pair work, group

research, competitive team activities,

information exchange, etc The aim of all the activities is to lead the student

gradually to acquire the various facets of an

effective reading technique In no case do the activities represent an exhaustive treatment of a text; it is always possible to go further Returning to a text that has already been covered is highly profitable

FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY

Reading techniques The activities reflect the different skills or knowledge necessary to read and use a technical document They include:

— vocabulary acquisition and expansion;

— recognition of verb forms, word endings, prefixes, compound words, etc

— recognition of the significance of the above as regards their differences in functional and not just grammatical terms;

— a knowledge of basic English sentence structure (syntax);

— the ability to use the context to understand

verb in a sentence;

— immediate recognition of the type of information contained in a document or a sentence (e.g instruction, description, operation,

location, purpose, means, cause, conse-

quences ); — the use of prior technical knowledge to interpret a text;

— the ability to follow a logical thought process in English and to visualize meaning, thereby reducing translation to a minimum;

— the creation of a “checklist” of points which should develop into an automatic reflex for tackling any document

Acknowledgements I should especially like to thank Airbus Industrie

for their kind permission to reproduce the texts

and figures which make up a large part of the book

My thanks also to Air France and Air Inter for the interest and encouragement shown by their staff

Finally, I am very grateful to Jonathan Main for all his assistance with the first draft of the manuscript

Philip Shawcross

SCRE gu th Ki aA EEE a š PER

06 Dimensions and Areas 54 Naceles/Pylons O7 Lifting and Shoring 55 Stabillzers 08 Leveling and Weighing 56 Windows 09 ‘Towing and Taxing 57 Wings

10 Parking, Mooring, Storage and

22 Auto Flight 72 Engine 23 Communications 73 Eng Fuel and Control 24 Electrical Power 74 Ignition

2) Equipment/Furnishings 75 Alr 26 ‘Fire Protection Tï Engine Indicating 27 ~—- Flight Controls 78 Exhaust

29 Hydraulic Power 80 Starting 30 = Ice and Rain Protection

31 Indicating/Recording Systems 32 Landing Gear

33 ~—s- Lights 34 Navigation 35 Oxygen 36 Pneumatic 38 Water/Waste 45 Centralized Maintenance 49 Airborne Auxiliary Power

7 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY

Here are some common aircraft parts, assemblies and sub-assemblies Use the list of ATA chapters to identify their chapter number as in the examples Check your answers in the Exercise Key

AC ESSENTIAL BUS HP BLEED VALVE AIRSPEED INDICATOR

1 YELLOW RESERVOIR 2 BRAKES

3 FUEL PUMPS 4 BATTERIES 5 SPOILERS 6 THRUST LEVERS 7 FIRE DETECT LOOP 8 OUTFLOW VALVE 9 ALTIMETER 10 AIR CONDITIONING

PACK 11 ESCAPE SLIDE 12 TAX] LIGHT 13 PASSENGER ADDRESS 14, LAVATORY

15 STAFIC INVERTER 16 SHOCK ABSORBER 17 ENGINE LUBRICATION 18 PASSENGER DOORS 19 ELEVATORS

20 WIRING 21 OXYGEN MASK

FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY

SYSTEM 24 SURGE VENT TANK 25 RETURN MANIFOLD 26 ENGINE PYLON 27 PITOT PROBE 28 READING LIGHT 29 HOT MANIFOLD 30 PITCH TRIM 31 THRUST REVERSER rere es

32 AUDIO CONTROL PANEL 33 FUEL FLOW

34 WING TIP 35 GEAR UPLOCK BOX 36 TOW BAR

37 VERTICAL SPEED INDICATOR 38 CABIN SEATS 39 ALTITUDE KNOB 40 TRIM AIR VALVE

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LINTRODUCTION

_ ABBREVIATIONS AND CONTRACTIONS

Look at the fist of abbreviations

CB CDU CFDIU CFDS CG CIDS CMM CPC CPCU CPU CRE CSU CSDU DAR DC DEU DDCU DFDR DEDRS DMC DME DMU

FADEC FAC FCDC FCU FCU FLSA FLSCU EMGS FMGC F/O, FO FPPU FOIC FOI FRU

PA, PAS PAS PB PCB PCB

CIRCUIT BREAKER CONTROL AND DISPLAY UNIT CENTRALIZED FAULT DISPLAY INTERFACE UNIT CENTRALIZED FAULT DISPLAY SYSTEM

CENTER OF GRAVITY CABIN INTERCOMMUNICATION DATA SYSTEM CALIBRATION MEMORY MODULE

CABIN PRESSURE CONTROLLER CABIN PRESSURE CONTROLLER UNIT CENTRAL PROCESSOR UNIT

CATHODE RAY TUBE COMMAND SENSOR UNIT (SLATS/FLAPS) CARGO SMOKE DETECTION UNIT

DIGITAL AIDS RECORDER DIRECT CURRENT

DECODER/ENCODER ONIT DEDICATED DISPLAY AND CONTROL UNIT DIGITAL FLIGHT DATA RECORDER

DIGITAL FLIGHT DATA RECORDING SYSTEM DISPLAY MANAGEMENT COMPUTER

DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT DATA MANAGEMENT UNIT

FULL AUTHORITY DIGITAL ENGINE CONTROL FLIGHT AUGMENTATION COMPUTER

FLIGHT CONTROL DATA CONCENTRATOR FLIGHT CONTROL UNIT

FUEL CONTROL UNIT FUEL LEVEL SENSING AMPLIFIER FUEL LEVEL SENSING CONTROL UNIT FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AND GUIDANCE SYSTEM FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AND GUIDANCE COMPUTER FIRST OFFICER

FEEDBACK POSITION PICK-OFF UNIT FUEL QUANTITY INDICATION COMPUTER FUEL QUANTITY INDICATOR

FLOW REGULATION UNIT

PASSENGER ADDRESS PIPCH ATTITUDE SENSOR PASSENGER ASSIGNMENT SYSTEM PUSH BUTTON

PASSENGER CALL BUTTON PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD

FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY

PCU POWER CONTROL UNIT PCU PASSENGER CONTROL UNIT PES PAX ENTERTAINMENT SYSTEM PFD PRIMARY FLIGHT DISPLAY PHC PROBES HEAT COMPUTER P&T PROGRAMMING AND TEST PIU PASSENGER INFORMATION UNIT PTU POWER TRANSFER UNIT

* Put these words in the correct order and find the acronym (abbreviation), as in the example

COMMUNICATION ADDRESSING AIRCRAFT SYSTEM REPORTING AND

Quircra LF CA 6a Cu, adelre Shing

4

DOCUMENTATION HANDBOOK A

| INTRODUCTION

Reconstitute the complete words from the following contractions

Regence REN fea ait es & oe Se

= Be a va, _

_ JACKING OF THE MAIN LANDING GEAR

OAFLA AOE} AEE A EOE

TWIN WHEEL TRACK

L 627.10 mn

(36.5 in}

WEIGHT AND BALANCE ` (—

TÀ

won 7 meee

| FORK

: 3

SVORSAASS LAOS OS OEP Od ONS

25.6 mm MIM 1620 men APPROX 25.4 enn MIN Qin — — (83.77 in.} {1 led

CONTOUR OF TIRES ON GROUND

14 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY

DOCUMENTATION HANDBOOK D

a Ta : st Tự

DOCUMENTATION HANDBOOK L

15 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY

PREFORMED PACKING ,

17 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY

FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY

IMPERATIVE rake Sure, put

PRESENT SIMPLE apo (c

‘fou Show

Set gear doers

FUTURE

PAST PAST PARTICIPLE

3 J ob ) Set-up

20

FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY

DOCUMENTATION HANDBOOK B,G

FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY

MAJOR AIRCRAFT DIMENSIONS

| * Use Figure 2 below and the information that follows to find the English

| terms for these dimensions

DOCUMENTATION 1, 1.00 m 6.9.6 m

2 44.836 m 7.5.64 m 3 51.493 m 8 17.245 m 4 16.530 m 9 260 m2 5 40.376 m

{587 in.)

_t

51492mm (2060 in.)

22 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY

¡ WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS

The Maintenance Manual is full of WARNINGs and CAUTIONs On the next few pages are examples from many different aircraft systems The activities that follow help you with the language and expressions

BEFORE SUPPLYING EXTERNAL AIR,ENSURE

THAT AT LEAST ONE WINDOW OR PASSENGER DOOR 1S OPEN AND REMAINS OPEN DURING SERVICING /

¬———

| ENSURE FREE ACCESS TO VALVE] RESERVE A L'EQUIPAGE DO NOT HANDLE

CREW MEMBERS ONLY | | DURING ELECTRICAL

FUNCTION OF SYSTEM

{ BULL PANEL DOWNWARD WARNING -

UNTIL RED LEVER ENGAGES ` Ne pas fumer

_ đans les jtoilettes

No smoking

| ACCESS FOR ELECTRONIC SPECIALISTS ONLY |

DO NOT WALK GUTSIDE THIS AREA

-ELUSHIT AWAY WITH Cl CLEAN WATER " MEDICAL AID

FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY

4 FULLY CLEAN | | 8 DO NOT GET a

* Make a scan of (read quickly) the texts and find the words which you can classify under these categories

OF INCIDENT CHEMICALS EQUIPMENT OF THE BODY

3 POWER TOOLS 4 SEALANT 5 SKIN 6 FINGERS 7 MEDICAL HELP 8 MLG DOOR 9 SLATS 10 AMM

*x* Place these words in the correct sentence

COULD CAN PREVENT AVOIDED MUST CAREFUL CANCELS REQUIRES ALLOWED DONOT MAKESURE OBEY

5 cleaning agent contamination by pouring 6 the manufacturer’s instructions

7 You use only power tools

All these sentences come from the warnings and cautions on the previous pages Read them again Repetition helps you remember better

FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY

ATRFRAME ALLOW (¥.} AREA AVAILABLE AVOID (v,) BLANK (y.) CAN CARRY OUT (y.) CHIPS

CHOCKS CLEAN CLEAR (v.) CLEAR (adj.) CLEARANCE COMPLY WITH (.) CONTROL (v.) DEPRESS (v.) DISPLAY DRAIN (¥.) DRILL (v.) DRY

EMBODY (v.)

FITTING FLUSH (v.) FORBIDDEN HAZARD INJURY JACK

LIFT (v.}

LINT-FREE

LOWER (v.)

MANDATORY PLACARD PREVENT (v.) REQUIRE (v.) SECURE (v.)

SET (v.)

STEPS TAG TIP TOWING TRAVEL RANGE WIDTH

WING SPAN

FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY

to incorporate, to include a part used to attach or instal to clean, to wash, to rinse with fluid

not permitted risk, danger damage to humans

used to lift aircraft/gear

to move up

without particles to move down

compulsory, necessary sign, notice

distance from side to side

distance between two wing tips

aT sf

Before you read this chapter, check that you know these important terms Mark a tick ( W) if you do If you do not, use the glossary, a dictionary or ask a colleague

AIR BLEED

AIR CONDITIONING

AIRFLOW BLEED AIR BY-PASS CHECK VALVE COLD

COMPRESSOR CONDITIONED AIR COOL

DEW POINT DITCHING DUCT FAN

HEAT HEAT EXCHANGER HOT

ICE INLET NOZZLE OUTFLOW VALVE OUTLET

PACK PRESSURE RAM AIR RING TRIM AIR

VENT (v.) WARM LILE]LILILILILILILILILILILILILI

3 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY

MODIFIED DUCTS AND AIRFLOW

| *x *+* Read the two SBs and fill in this table

9 There is a change of duct on

both (the 2) mods.? (Yes/No)

OUTLET oUTLET ANTI-ICE

(AEF 21-81-00) (REF 21-67-00} VALVE

** In the text on the following page the ends of some words are missing Try

to find what is missing, (e.g ED, S, ING, ER, OR, ES, IES)

* Do not read the text in detail Simply find and underline or highlight these prefixes and suffixes

DOCUMENTATION HANDBOOKD EX- BY- RE- JIN- HIGH- DIS- OUT- ANTI- DOWN- OVER- -TYPE

| -FLOW -OFF -UP

35

FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY

AIR CYCLE MACHINE

A320 AMM AIR CYCLE MACHINE 21.52.00 p 5

TAPPING FOR AIR

BEARINGS VENTILATION

OISCHARGE

COMPAESSOR 1N INLET

MOT AIF INLET FOR TUASINE ANTI-ICING AND ACM HOT AIR TEM?, CONTROL BYPASS

TURBINE INLET

SECTION

BEARING A-A VENTILATION

COMPRESSOR

THABINE INLET SCAOLL

37 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY

I

DOCUMENTATION HANDBOOK Hi

{ * Use the extracts from paragraph 3 Procedure and the schematics on

the previous page to identify the reference number(s) of each of these

components

1 AIR CYCLE MACHINE LL 7 BELLOWS ae 2 V-CLAMP _———— 6.BUSH — ————— 3 SENSE LINES —_ 9 WATER EXTRACTOR —_— 4 ANTI-ICE VALVE —_—_ TIØ.O-RING —— —— — —_—_ 5 FAN PLENUM CHAMBER ————- EH,CONDENSER — —— 6 MAINATEFACHMENTPOINI Ắ.ẮĂẮ ÚỐ I12.WASHER ———.-—-

40 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY