Features of labor and payroll at Binh Minh Joint Stock
CHAPTER I: FEATURE OF LABOR AND PAYROLL AND MANAGEMENT OF LABOR AND PAYROLL AT BINH MINH
JOINT STOCK COMPANY 1.1 Features of labor and payroll at Binh Minh Joint Stock Company
1.1.1An overview of the company and company human resources
Labor is an essential element in the process of production and business activities of enterprises If an enterprise doen't take care of managing its labor which causes production and business activities inefficiently Binh Minh Joint Stock Company (Binh Minh JSC) was established on 14" June 2007 Binh Minh Joint Stock Company has its head office at the address: Group 8, Le Hong Phong ward - Phu Ly city - Ha Nam province, main business lines are: mining and processing stone under business license number 0700249761 was first registered on June 14, 2007, and changed for the 5th time on January 25, 2018, by the Department of Planning and Investment of Ha Nam Province Up to now, there are 40 employees divided into different departments suitable for each specialist
Employees at Binh Minh Joint Stock Company are stable and work full-time in accordance with Vietnamese law Each labor contract between the company and the employee is required to last for at least one year, if there is any termination of the labor contract before the signed time between the two parties, the employee and the employer will have to pay
2 compensation according to the terms of the contract The labor at the company is quite young and have good health The quarry manager must have a university degree or higher in the technical discipline: chemical, ammunition, chemical technology in propellants, explosives, engineering, mining, mining engineering, geology, construction Furthermore, miners must have worked in blasting service for at least 6 months In general, workers and employees are eager to work, and comply with the regulations of the company
In recent two years, the Covid-19 epidemic has affected the operation of the company Therefore, the revenue and the profit have slowed down significantly However, the firm also tried to pay and maintain the salary for employees The detail of employee numbers is represented as below:
Tablel 1: N 1 of empl: Binh Minh Join k Com The classification of department plays an important role in operating and managing Each department will work more efficiently and make better use of human resources In addition, the division of specific department will help the board of directors to manage the business more effectively From table 1.1 above, we can see that the division of labor is based on the nature of the firm's operations The enterprise
3 operates mainly in the field of mining minerals for construction materials Therefore, the number of employees at production engineering department are largest when comparing with other departments in the company The proportion of the numbers in delivery department stands at the second position with ten workers The employees working in these two departments are the workers working at the quarry They are the main workforce to generate revenue for the business All of them need to have practical experience and to be strong enough to work in a harsh environment like a quarry
1.1.2 Employee classification by age and gender
All employees at Binh Minh Joint Stock company are enough age to work according to the prescribed law
From 18 to under 30 years old 15 2
From 30 to under 40 years old 10 2
From 40 to under 50 years old 5 1
From and beyond 50 years old 5 0 lablel 2: Labor's age and gender classification of BMJSC
Labor's age and gender classification
18 to under 30 30 to under 40 40 to under 50 50 and beyond eg Male @ Female Diagram I: Labor's age and gender classification of BMJSC
According to the table 1.2 and diagram 1.1, the workforce at Binh Minh Joint Stock Company is quite young which is mainly under 40 years old In which, the number of men is up to 87.5% of the total number of employees In contrast, the proportion of the female is small, standing at 12.5% They are mainly work in accounting department It is easy to understand that the company operates in the field of stone mining, so it mainly needs male workers The workforce beyond 50 years old occupies small percentage as 12.5% They are all the men who have professional experience and long- term commitment to work
1.1.3 Employees classification by educational level
People University College degree | Intermediate degree
Tablel 3: Employees educational level classification at BMJSC
From the table 1.3 above, we can see that the classification of labor qualifications is very diverse, including university degree, college degree and intermediate With workers who work directly with machine in the quarry, they must have at least 6 -month experience The company only requires them to have intermediate level and above
5 These workforces mainly are at college degree and intermediate degree which are 27.5% and 40%, respectively For accountants, only an intermediate degree is required, for chief accountants, a university degree is required In general, there is no difference in the distribution of labor between the three levels However, the intermediate level still accounts for the highest proportion with 40%, followed by the university level with 32.5% and finally the college level with 27.5% 1.1.4 Employees classification by nature of work
Type of Labors Number of employees
Tablel 4: Employee’ classification by nature of work
THE CLASSIFICATION BY NATURE OF WORK
Diagram 2: Employee's classification by nature of work
According to the nature of work, the labors at the firm are divided into 2 types including: direct labors and indirect labors The number of direct workers accounts for 75%, while the number of indirect workers is 25% Direct employees of BMJSC are workers working directly at quarries, material drivers, excavators, blasting workers
That indirect labor is the cost of the staff that support the production process, but that is not directly related to the conversion of raw materials into products into products Therefore, indirect employees of BMJSC are employees such as accountants, supervisors, security guards, cleaning staff
The employees’ classification by nature of work plays an important role in managing cost of the firm It helps to organize the appropriate employment, timely pay wages and salary-related payments to employees As a result, it stimulates employees to pay attention to time and labor results, improves labor productivity, contributes to saving labor costs and lowering product costs.
The forms of payment for salaries and wages applied in Binh Minh Joint J0) 8
1.2.1 The form of salary payment
Binh Minh Joint Stock company applies 2 main forms of salary payment:
Time-based payment is a form of salary payment to employees based on working time, salary grade (title) and salary scale (salary coefficient) This form mainly applies to indirect labor such as: accountants, supervisors, security guards, cleaning staff It is a form of salary payment to employees based on actual working time, professions and technical proficiency levels of employees
Depending on the industry, the specific nature of the job, the different salary levels apply Professional technical proficiency is divided into many salary scales, each salary level has a certain salary level, which is the basis for salary payment, salary over time can be divided
The company chooses the regional minimum salary according to the current regulations of the State: 3,250,000 VND/month according to the Government's Decree No 157/2018/ND-CP stipulating the regional minimum wage for employees working at enterprises, cooperatives, cooperative groups, household farms, individuals and other organizations that employ laborers
The lowest salary in the salary scale and wage table prescribed for workers must be at least 7% higher than the regional minimum wage prescribed by the Government The company’s salary scale and table for specific positions are as follows:
|2 Accountants, workers, driver [1,12 [1,18 [1,24 [13 |136 lablel 5: Salary scale by job title
Gross salary monthly: standard public day is the number of administrative days in a month, according to regulations, this number of working days cannot exceed 26 days Monthly salary is calculated according to the formula:
Gross Standard working Overtime Say in monthly = number X days + hours X Rate x P ) + Allowanc salary of Ina out working month days
Weekly salary is determined by the following formular below:
Weekly wage — Monthly salary * 12 monthsy Actual weeks weeks
Daily salary: The salary paid to the employee is calculated according to the daily salary and the actual number of working days in the month Daily salary is usually applied to pay wages to employees who directly receive salary from time to time or to calculate salary for employees during days of study, meeting, performing other obligations as the basis for calculating social insurance
Number of working days in the month
Overtime salary on working days = base rate for 1 hour *150%
Overtime salary on Saturday and Sunday = base rate for 1 hour * 200%
The rate of 300% applies to overtime hours on public holidays and paid holidays as prescribed
Example: In October 2021, Mr But Van Tuan is a security guard at Binh Minh Joint Stock Company The information about his salary is follow:
+) Daily salary under contract: 140,000 VND
+) In October, he has working days and overtime hours: 26 and 4 respectively +) Meals: 710,000 VND/month
+) Gasoline fee: 500,000 VND/month © Gross salary = 140,000 *26 + 4*(140,000/8) * 150% + 710,000+ 800,000 + 500,000 = 5,755,000
The form of product-based salary is the salary paid to employees calculated according to the quantity and quality of the finished product or the volume of completed work that has been tested and accepted In order to conduct product- based salary payment, it is necessary to establish labor norms and reasonable wage unit prices for each type of product and work approved by the competent authority
Gross salary Total actual Salary received in ina = products x each unit + Allowance month completed
The form of product wages is divided into two types:
+) Direct product salary: the payment outstanding to workers is calculated directly according to the quantity of finished goods with proper quality and the prescribed product salary unit price, without any restrictions
+) Indirect product salary: the indirectly workers are paid in production department such as the maintenance of machinery and equipment They do not directly create the product However, they indirectly affect direct labor productivity Therefore, they are included in salary
Example: Mr Nguyen Xuan Duc 1s a crusher driver The salary’s information about him in October 2021 is as follows:
+) The basic salary in the labor contract is 6 million VND
+) Product salary is the number of tons of rock he crushes in a month
+) The salary received in each tons of rocks is 200,000 VND
+) In October 2022, the total tons of rock he completed are 26 tons
+) Paid on the 25" of every month
+) Standard working days are 26 days
Therefore, when we calculate the salary of Mr Nguyen Xuan Duce following the product- based salary, we have:
Gross salary in a month = 200,000 *26 +710,000+ 800,000+ 500,000 =7,2 10,000 This value of gross salary is lower than the basic salary agreed in the contract, therefore, Mr Nguyen Xuan Duc will receive the gross salary following the terms in the contract:
The salary deductions are determined to be:
Mr Nguyen Xuan Duc will have the actual salary = 8,010,000 — 480,000 — 90,000 — 60,000 =7,380,000
The company will support employees with the following fees every month: +) Meals: 710,000 VND/month
Furthermore, the employees are equipped with labor protection according to regulations and assigned work Specifically, each year: 02 sets of clothes, 01 protective helmet; 01 pair of shoes
For the holidays of April 30 - May 1, each worker as well as employee will receive a bonus of 300,000 VND
On Lunar New Year, each worker and employees will receive a bonus ranging from 500,000VND to 1,000,000 VND depending on the position and the employees
The employee’s 13" — month salary is calculated according to the table below:
Table 1.6: The employee's 13” -month salary at BMJSC
For example, Mr Nguyen Xuan Duc is a crusher driver From the salary’s information above, he will receive actual salary 7,380,000 VND per month (after calculating the salary deductions)
=> The total actual salary he receives for 12 months:
Because he is a crusher driver, he will receive the 13" — month salary: 6,000,000 VND
=> The total actual salary he receives in on year:
1.2.3 The days off with full salary
Employees who have days off are entitled to full salary according to the provisions of the Labor Code as follows:
+) National Day: take | day off (September 2 of the solar calendar)
+) Lunar New Year: 5 days off
+) Victory day: take 01 day off (April 30 of the solar calendar)
+) International Labor Day: take 01 day off (May Ist of the solar calendar) +) Hung King's death anniversary: take 01 day off (March 10 of the lunar calendar) +) New Year's Day: take 1 day off
+) Marry children: take 2 days off
+) Birth parents, parents-in-law or parents-in-law die; spouse dies; Dead children get
Policy of payroll deduction applied at Binh Minh Joint Stock Company T
Type Charged by | Charged by | Total (%) employer (“%) employee (%)
Tablel 7: Proportion of salary deductions from 1/1/2021 to 30/6/2021 ll
Type Charged by | Charged by | Total (%) employer (“%) employee (%)
Table 1.8: Proportion of salary deductions from 01/07/2021 to 30/09/2021
Type Charged by | Charged by | Total (%) employer (“%) employee (%)
Table 1.9: Proportion of salary deductions from 01/10/2021 to 30/6/2022
Type Charged by | Charged by | Total (%) employer (“%) employee (%)
Table 1.10: Proportion of salary deductions from 01/07/2022 to 30/09/2022
“eo 2, According to the provisions of Article 3 of the Law on Social Insurance:
"Social insurance is the guarantee or partial compensation of an employee's income when his/her income is reduced or lost due to illness, maternity, or occupational accident, occupational disease, end of working age or death, on the basis of contributions to the social insurance fund.”
Insurance deduction rate in 2021-2022 is divided into 3 periods as follows In the period from January 1, 2021, to the end of June 30, 2021, the company deducts social insurance fund at the rate of 25.5% (In which the company
12 charged 17.5%) In the period from July 1, 2021, to the end of June 30,2022, the company deducts social insurance fund at the rate of 25% (In which the company charged 17%) And the last period from July,1,2022, to the end of September 30, 2022, the company deducts social insurance fund at the same rate as the first period and the company charged 17.5%
Expenses of the social insurance fund for employees according to the regime are based on employee's salary, time off with valid document, and social insurance benefit rate
At the enterprise, every month, the enterprise directly pays social insurance for employees who are sick, maternity on the basis of valid documents At the end of the month, enterprises must settle with the social insurance fund management agency
Health insurance is a subsidy for the prevention and treatment of diseases and health care for employees The insurance agency will pay the cost of medical examination and treatment at a certain rate prescribed by the State for those who have contributed insurance
Enterprises must make deductions from the health insurance fund as follows: ® 4.5% of the total salary fund of employees, in which:
1.5% paid directly by employees (deducted from their income)
3% to be borne by the enterprise (included in production and business expenses)
“eo 2, According to Resolution 116/NQ-CP on policies to support employees and employers affected by the Covid-19 pandemic from the Unemployment Insurance Fund Following this resolution, the policy on unemployment insurance has had some changes The employer will be entitled to a reduction of the contribution rate from 1% to 0% of the monthly salary fund of employees who are subject to unemployment insurance This period is within
12 months, from October 1, 2021, to September 30, 2022
Unemployment insurance is an amount deducted to provide benefits to employees who have lost their jobs According to Article 81 of the Law on Social Insurance, the unemployed are entitled to unemployment insurance when fully meeting the following conditions:
“Having paid unemployment insurance for full 12 months or more during the twenty-four-month period before unemployment.”
“Registered unemployment with the social insurance organization.”
“Have not found a job after 15 days from the date of unemployment registration.”
According to Article 82 of the Law on Social Insurance, “the monthly unemployment benefit level is equal to 60% of the average monthly salary and wages on which unemployment insurance premiums are based for the 6 consecutive months preceding unemployment.”
Employees pay 1% of monthly salary paid unemployment insurance Trade union fee:
“eo 2, Trade union funding is an amount which set aside according to a specified percentage of the total actual salary payable to all employees in an enterprise in order to take care of and protect the legitimate interests of employees and at the same time maintain operations of unions at the enterprise
According to the current regime, every month, 2% of the trade union fee is deducted by the enterprises from the total actual salary payable to employees Furthermore, the enterprise calculates the entire amount into the production and business expenses of the employers.
Feature of management of labor and payroll at Binh Minh Joint Stock
1.4.1 Binh Minh Joint Stock Company organization structure
BOD usually give independent and diverse perspectives They are responsible for performing the duties ofstrategic planning and oversight Besides, they play an important role in protecting the interests of the owners, exercising control over the operation of the management and administration apparatus of the enterprise In fact, in a joint-stock company, there is always a risk of conflicts of interest between shareholders and managers In general, the board of directors of a joint stock company will work as supervisor They have the main task of reducing the risk of abuse of power of managers and executives
At the same time, they also protect the legitimate interests of shareholders, especially small shareholders Besides, The BOD has full power on behalf of the company to determine all issues related to the goals and interests of the company Finally, BOD will control the operation of the enterprise management and administration apparatus
General director works under the authority of the board of directors They directly run all day-to-day activities of the company In addition, GD plan
14 work, set up business strategies and orient their businesses to take the right steps Next, they are also the ones who must ensure that the business operates in accordance with the provisions of the law
- Accountants need to perform economic and financial operations according to company policies and laws They also support the business departments in terms of finance and accounting to realize the company's business goals They are responsible for advising General Director in the field of finance and accounting Besides, AD must collect and process accounting data according to accounting standards and regimes Furthermore, Accounting Department examine and supervise financial revenues and expenditures; classify and atrange accounting data in a systematic order
- Urging, reminding and guiding everyone in the team, group, strictly observe the regulations on occupational safety and hygiene at work, while on duty, preserve equipment, use safely equipment, personal protective equipment, remind production team leaders and managers to comply with regulations on occupational safety and hygiene
- Participating in the formulation of occupational safety and health plans, measures and working plans to ensure occupational safety and health; participate in instructing safe working measures for workers, newly recruited employees or workers and employees who have just moved from another place to work in groups
- Requesting employees in the group to stop working to take measures to ensure occupational safety and health, if there is a direct risk of causing incidents, occupational accidents or harm to the health of workers
- To recommend to the team leader or superiors to fully implement labor protection regimes, measures to ensure occupational safety and hygiene, and to promptly overcome phenomena that have not yet ensured safety and hygiene of the machine, equipment and workplace
- Find out the best way to ship products, manage warehouses, store products and solve problems related to transportation
- Responsible for assigning appropriate personnel to manage the delivery and delivery, ensuring full, correct and timely delivery of goods.
Diagram 3: Chart of firm organization
1.4.2 Labor management organization at Binh Minh Joint Stock Company
- According to the nature of the business, there only one HR staff that is included in the accounting department The company's human resources staff will conduct a recruitment program by posting recruitment information on websites Besides, HR also works as Timekeeper who regularly and periodic declare the number of employees and report to the Board of Directors Chief accountant:
- Manage salary and remuneration fund, monitor activities of salary accounting
- Receive, monitor, check and supervise the determination of salary, bonus, remuneration and overtime funds
- Appointment, re-appointment, dismissal, rotation, transfer, for employees according to the company's management decentralization
- Develop recruitment targets appropriate to the size and situation of the company's production and business
- Approving decisions on promotion, salary increase, bonus, overtime for employees
- Employees as well as workers and mechanics work 8 hours/day Morning from 8am to 12am, 2-hour lunch break Afternoon from 2pm to 6pm In addition, employees will be off Saturday and Sunday
- Atime sheet is used strictly by HR staff and at the end of the month, these timesheets will be gathered at Finance — Accounting Department to calculate salary and salary deductions for the employees
Regulations on recruitment, probation and labor quality:
- When the company lack of employees or workers, the BOD will consider and approve the request of the additional employees depending on the position that needs to be added Besides, there are also some requirements about the candidate’s professional capacity and professional’s qualification It is true that the company also find the candidates who are suitable for the culture and position of the company Candidates after passing the interview round will have to participate in professional training courses Every year, the company will evaluate the performance of each employee to consider promotion and reward
CURRENT SITUATION OF ACCOUNTING PROCEDURES FOR PAYROLL
Accounting for payroll at Binh Minh Joint Stoek Company, cà 17
According to Circular 133/2016/TT-BTC issued by Military of Finance, Binh Minh Joint Stock company uses accounting documents for employees ‘salaries as below: + Form No Ola - LDTL: “Timesheet”: Timekeeping by factory or departments to provide details of the number of working days for each employee by month + Form No 01b - LDTL: “Overtime
+ Form No.02 — LDTL: “Payroll sheet”
+ Form No 03 - LDTL: “The bonus payment sheet
+Form No 05 - LDTL: "Product confirmation note or completed work"
+) Form No 06- LDTL: “Payment sheet for overtime work”
+) Form No 07 — LDTL: “Payment sheet for outsourcing”
+) Form No 08 — LDTL: “Contract assignment”
+) Form No 09 — LDTL: “Minutes of liquidation of the contract assignment” +) Form No 10 - LDTL: “List of deduction from salary”
+) Form No 11 — LDTL: “Table of distribution of salary and social insurance” The following are specific examples of using documents related to labor and salary of the company:
Example: On January 2, 2019, Mr Dinh Khac Lap signed an indefinite labor contract with Binh Joint Stock Company in the position of mine executive director
17 cum blasting commander Below is the employment contract between Mr Lap and the company:
CONG TY CP BINH MINH
Tô 8~ Lê Hông Phong - Phủ Lý - Hà Nam Độc lập - Tự do - Hạnh phúc
Phủ Lý, ngày 02 tháng 01 năm 2021 `
Chúng tôi, một bên là ông :ĐINH DUY TOAN Quêc tịch: Việt Nam
Chức vụ : Giám độc Đại điện cho : CÔNG TY CÓ PHÁN BINH MINH Địa chỉ: Tô § — Lê Hong Phong - Phủ Lý - Hà Nam
'Và một bên là ông: ĐINH KHÁC LẬP
Thường trú tại: Tô 17- Phường Lê Hêng Phong - TP Phủ Lý - Tỉnh Hà Nam
Mang sô CMIND hoặc sô lao động sô: 16§3§0§5§
Cap ngay 18/07/2008 tai Cong an Ha Nam
Thoda thugn ky két hop dong lao động và cam kêt làm đúng những điêu khoản sau đây: Điều 1: Ông: Định Khắc Lập làm việc theo loại hợp đông lao động không có thời hạn kê từ ngảy 02 tháng 01 năm 2021 Tại địa điêm: Tại mỏ núi Thung Canh Nội - thuộc công ty Cô phân Bình Minh
Chức vụ: Giám độc điêu hành mỏ kiêm chỉ huy nô mìn Điều 2: Chê độ làm việc: Theo giờ hành chính
~ Thời gian làm việc §h/ngày; 6 ngày.tuân
~ Điêu kiện an toàn và vệ sinh lao động tại nơi làm việc: Tôt Điệu 3: Nghĩa vụ, quyên hạn và các quyên lợi người lao động được hưởng như sau:
~ Phương tiện đi lại làm việc: Cá nhân tự túc
~ Mức lương làm căn cứ trích nộp BHXH, BHYT, BHTN: 10.000.000 đ/tháng
- Được trả lương vào ngày 25 hàng tháng
~ Tiên thưởng: Thưởng theo kêt quả hoạt động sản xuât kinh doanh và tùy thuộc vảo vị trí công việc
~ Hình thức trả lương: Tiên mặt
- Chê độ nâng lương: Nâng lương theo hiệu quả công việc
~ Được trang bị bảo hộ lao động theo quy định và theo công việc được giao Cụ thê mỗi năm: 02 bộ quân áo, 01 mũ bảo hộ;
~ §ô ngày nghỉ hàng năm được hưởng (nghỉ lễ, phép, việc riêng): Được hưởng theo chê độ của Nhà nước
~ Bảo hiêm xã hội: Đóng theo tỷ lệ quy định với mức đóng 10.000.000/tháng
- Được hưởng các phúc lọi: Được hưởng phúc lợi theo chê độ quy định của Công ty
- Được hưởng các khoản thưởng, nâng lương, bôi dưỡng nghiệp vụ theo quy định của Công ty
~ Được hưởng các chê độ ngừng việc, trợ câp thôi việc, bôi thường theo quy định của Pháp luật lao động
~ Hoàn thành những công viéc da cam két trong hop đông lao động
- Chap hành lệnh điêu hành sản xuât, kinh doanh, nội quy kỷ luật lao động, an toàn lao động
~ Bôi thường vi phạm và vật chât: Bôi thường những tên thât gây ra cho công ty do cô tình vi phạm Điều 4: Nghĩa vụ và quyên hạn của người sử dụng lao động:
~ Bảo đảm việc làm và thực hiện đây đủ những điêu đã cam kêt trong hợp đông lao động
~ Thanh toán đây đủ, đúng thời hạn các chê độ và quyên lợi cho người lao động theo hợp đông lao động, thỏa ước lao động tập thê (nêu có)
~ Điêu hành người lao động hoàn thành công việc theo hợp đông (bô trí, điêu chuyên, tạm ngừng việc)
~ Tạm hoãn, châm dứt hợp đông lao động, kỷ luật người lao động theo quy định của pháp luật, thỏa ước lao động tập thê (nêu có) vả nội quy Ìao động của doanh nghiệp Điều §: Điêu khoản thị hành:
- _ Những vân đê vê lao động không ghi trong hợp đông lao động nay thi ap dụng quy định của thỏa ước lao động tập thê, trường hợp chưa có thỏa ước lao động tập thê thì áp dụng quy định của pháp luật lao động
- Hop déng lao động được lập thành 02 bản có giá trị như nhau, mêi bên giữ một bản vả có hiệu lực kê từ ngày 02 tháng
01 năm 2021 Khi hai bên ký kêt phụ lục hợp đông lao động thì nội dung của phụ lục hợp đông lao động cũng có giá trị như các nội dung của bản hợp đông lao động nay
NGƯƠI LAO ĐỘNG NGƯƠI SƯ DỤNG LAO ĐỘNG
(Ký, ghỉ rõ họ tên) i (Ký, đóng dâu, ghi rõ họ tên) Table 1.11: Labor contract of Binh Minh Joint Stock Company
Biak Minh Joint Stock Company
Ades: Group -Le Hong Phong Phu Ly - Ha Nan
Binh Min Joint Sock Company
Adress: Group {-Le Hong Phong PhuLy= He Nan
Binh Minh Joint Stock Company
Adress: Group § -Le Hong Phong - Phu Ly -Ha Nam
Table 1.14: Monthly overtime timesheet in October 2021
BINH MINH JOINT STOCK COMPANY
Address: Group 8 — Le Hong Phong- Phu Ly - Ha Nam
THE PAYROLL SHEET IN OCTOBER IN 2021 workin | workin overtime | insurance Insurance | nt insurance gdays | g days
Table 1.15: The payroll sheet in October, 2021
BINH MINH JOINT STOCK COMPANY
Address: Group 8 - Le Hong Phong - Phu Ly - Ha Nam
STATEMENT OF SALARY AND SALARY DEDUCTIONS ALLOCATION IN TOTAL
Insuranc | Insuran | ent unions (22%) Insuranc | Insuran | ent (10.5%) e (17%) ce (3%) | insurance (2%) e (8%) ce Insurance
(Signature name) department of Binh Minh Joint Stock Company)
Table 1.16: Statement of salary and salary deductions allocation in total
Binh Minh Joint Stock Company Sample 03 - LDTL
Accounting (Issued in accordance with Circular 133/2016/TT-BTC
August 26, 2016, of the Minitary of Finance)
BONUS PAYMENT SHEET For new year 2022 ary
Total amount of money (Ìn WOFdS) cành nnn nén HH nh Ko hit
(Signature, name) (signature, name) (signature, name)
(Source: Accounting Department of Binh Minh Joint Stock Company)
Table 1.17: Bonus payment sheet for new year vacation
Diagram 4: Procedure of salary calculation and payment
Timekeeping, products and work done confirmation a
There are 7 steps in the procedure of salary calculation and payment:
Step 1: The head of department will work as a timekeeper They are responsible for monitoring and timekeeping for each worker daily At the end of the month, the timesheet will be sent by the head of department to the HR staff
Step 2: After receiving the timesheet from the head of department, the HR staff will check it again to make sure that the total hours worked, and the number of jobs is accurate Then, the results are sent to the payroll accountant
Step 3: The salary accountant will calculate and make a table of salary payment, bonus and deductions which are sent to the Chief Accountant
Step 4: There are two cases when the Chief Accountant approves and signs the payable salary:
Case 1: The Chief accountant checks again the payroll and agrees with it, then the payroll will be sent to the director for approval
Case 2: If the Chief accountant finds something wrong in the calculation the payroll, then the payroll will be returned to the salary accountant to modify
Step 5: The salary accountant will make payment vouchers and record salary payment Step 6: The cashier relies on the check and pays employee’s salaries
Step 7: The salary accountant will keep the payroll sheets and payment checklist in the accounting storage
2.1.2 Method applied for payroll calculation
As I mentioned in chapter 1, Binh Minh Joint Stock Company uses 2 main methods to calculate the salary and payroll:
The formula as well as the calculation method I mentioned quite specifically in chapter
1 P'll go deeper into the advantages and disadvantages of this method
It is easy for accountants to understand, easy to calculate and easy to implement
Applying this form of payment, employees do not have to run following the number of products, so they have more time to be creative, accumulate experience, and invest in the quality of work
In many cases the amount the worker receives is not directly related to his or her contribution of labor over a given period This shows that the inaccuracy and fairness of this form of time-based pay may not be guaranteed
Example: Mr Dinh Duy Toan is a manager at Binh Minh Joint Stock Company
+) The basic salary in the contract is 10,000,000 VND/month
+) Paid on the 25" of every month
+) Standard working days are 26 days
In December,2021 (Table 1.12), Mr Dinh Duy Toan has actual working days is 26 days The formula to calculate the actual salary for Mr Dinh Duy Toan is below:
Gross Standard =X working + Overtime X Rate paid in + Allowance monthly number ; days hours x one salary of working in a hour days month
Gross salary2.1.2.2 Product — based salary:
Paying according to the product has helped to connect employees with the job Therefore, employees will be self-aware of their responsibilities and rights from completing norms, increasing labor productivity Accuracy and fairness in this form of payment is also easier to implement than time-based salary
Salary calculation and application more difficult than time-based salary
Besides, it is possible that employees will run following to the number of products to achieve the goal of higher wages rather than focusing their time on promoting talent, accumulating experience, and investing in product quality
The formular to calculate salary following the product-based method as follow:
Gross salary= _ Total actual Salary received int ina products x each unit Allowance month completed
For example, Mr Nguyen Ngoc Quyet is an excavator driver The salary’s information about him in October 2021 is as follows:
+) The basic salary in the labor contract is 6 million VND
+) Product salary is the number of tons of rock he excavates in a month
+) The salary received in each tons of rocks is 200,000 VND
+) In October 2021, the total tons of rock he completed are 27 tons
+) Paid on the 25" of every month
+) Standard working days are 26 days
+) In the month, he has 4 overtime working hours
** Therefore, when we calculate the salary of Mr Nguyen Ngoc Quyet following the product- based salary, we have: ¢ Gross salary in a month = 200,000 *27 +710,000+ 800,000+ 500,000 =7,410,000 This value of gross salary is lower than the basic salary agreed in the contract, therefore, Mr Nguyen Ngoc Quyet will receive the gross salary following the terms in the contract: ® Gross salary = 6,000,000 +710,000+800,000+500,000=8,010,000
31 e The salary deductions are determined to be:
Unemployment insurance = 6,000,000* 1% `,000 e The Salary’s overtime he received:
Mr Quyet will have the actual salary = 8,010,000 + 173,077 — 480,000 — 90,000 — 60,000 =7,553,077
Binh Minh Joint Stock Company
Address: Group 8 - Le Hong Phong - Phu Ly - Ha Nam
Full of the receiver: Nguyen Ngoc Quyet
Description: Payment salary in October 2021
(In words): seven million, five hundred fifty-three thousand, seventy-seven dong
Director Chief accountant Cashier Prepared by Receiver
(Source: Accounting Department of BMJSC)
Table 1.1.8: Salary slips in March 2022
“+ Account 334: “Payable to employees” This account is used to record the payment of salaries and other incomes to employees during the period
“+ Account 334 must be recorded in detail under 2 contents: Salary payment and other payments ¢* Account 334 is detailed into 2 level 2 accounts:
IMPROVEMENT OF ACCOUNTING PROCEDURES FOR PAYROLL AND
Assessing the current accounting procedures for payroll and payroll
- In production and business, businesses are concerned about how to make profit
An important factor to create profit is human labor which always plays a decisive role in production They participate in production and business activities mainly to satisfy their own material needs as well as their own spiritual needs Therefore, the payment of wages to employees plays an important role in creating labor productivity, thereby creating profits for businesses
- Understanding the importance of the strength of the labor, Binh Minh Joint Stock Company has suitable policies for the employees However, there are also drawback in managing the payroll system in the company
- After completing the internship on salary and salary deductions at Binh Minh Joint Stock Company, I have several assessments and evaluations about the accounting organization of the salary and the salary deductions These points will be presented below
Accounting organizations for salary and salary deductions
- The company manages the working time of employees through the daily timesheet, the daily timesheet is managed quite closely by the Human Resources Staff At the end of the month, these time sheets will be gathered at the Finance - Accounting Department to serve as the main basis for the Salary Accountant to calculate salary and salary deductions for employees at the company
- The form of salary being applied by the company is time-based salary and product-based salary The time-based salary is applied in administrative departments having a fixed main working time The product- based salary is applied to the employees working in the quarry These workers can earn money based on the product completed depending on the position they are working The benefit of these workers is that they always ensured the basic salary adding the allowance agreed in the contract if they the salary following the product-based salary is lower than the labor contract As a result, the workers will be eager and enthusiastic to complete the tasks
- The accounting department calculates and salary deductions accurately and fully in accordance with the regulations of the Ministry of Finance on salary regime and salary deductions The company also deducts salary deductions
60 including social insurance, health insurance, unemployment insurance and labor union in full and on time
The accounting of salary and salary deductions is applied in accordance with the provisions of Circular 133/2016/TT-BTC and by experienced accountants, the accounting is ensured in a timely, complete and accurate manner This helps the company manage the situation of labor, salary of employees in each department, from which, each year, the company will have a plan to adjust the number of employees, arrange labor effectively and scientifically Comply with the regulations and regimes on salary promulgated by the State About the organization of the accounting apparatus
It is easy to see in the company that the organizational structure of the accounting apparatus is compact, suitable to the requirements of the job, the professional qualifications of each accountant in accordance with the characteristics, nature, and procedures, scale of production, business, use of capital, funding and decentralization of financial management in the company to meet the information needs of company leaders
With the current accounting system, the company ensures the unified focus of the chief accountant as well as the leadership of the Board of Directors for the general operation of the Finance - Accounting department This also ensures that accountants can promote their roles and functions, creating favorable conditions for the division of labor and specialization of accountants The company's accounting team has experience in similar positions and each person's accounting qualifications are solid to meet the requirements of management and accounting of salary and salary deductions as well as flexibility activating books and documents related to salary according to the accounting regime
Currently, the company is applying the form of bookkeeping vouchers Book- keeping vouchers are used to record vouchers there If the vouchers arise in large quantities, a list of vouchers of the same type can be made first Then the accountants add numbers to record the entry vouchers, and then add the data at vouchers recorded in the Ledger Therefore, it reduces a lot of recording in the Ledger and looking at the Ledger will not be confused The accounting document:
The company applies a system of vouchers and makes and records books based on the form issued by the Ministry of Finance and flexibly adjusts it to suit the actual accounting situation at the company The arising salary accounting operations are recorded fully and accurately in time and amount
The vouchers at the company are classified according to each accounting section, bound into books by month and stored at the Finance - Accounting department This is a very important basis for checking and comparing actual data with the data on the book
The company uses MISA accounting software assist enterprises in collecting, storing and performing all kinds of financial statements automatically according to current accounting rules according to Circular 133 issued by the Ministry of Finance
Integrating misa sme.net software with misa sme mobile application, notify financial statements for business owners to grasp the situation of accounting books timely, anytime, anywhere
Automatically detect errors on documents, reports and financial books to check and correct
Save processing time for work, high accuracy: Receive electronic invoices automatically recorded in books Reduce up to 80% of time, 90% of errors compared to accounting in the conventional form
Although the accounting work at Binh Minh Joint Stock Company has many advantages, the salary accounting and salary deductions also have many drawbacks as follow:
About the organization of salary accounting
The enterprise has not used fingerprint scanning for timekeeping, so the timekeeping of employees is completely manual This leads to many inadequacies in timekeeping for employees Using Excel for payroll accounting requires accountants to be careful in collecting all documents and transferring data from vouchers into Excel tables because this easily causes objective errors in the data entry process Besides, the timesheet only shows the number of working days and the number of days off, but it does not show the early and late arrivals as well as the quality of each employee's work
The payment of wages to employees in the company is sometimes delayed, there is still a situation of arrears of employees’ wages, the amount of salary owed to employees will be paid in full within 15 days from the date of payment of salary each month
About the organization of the accounting apparatus
Suggestions to complete accounting procedures for payroll and payroll
Completing payroll accounting plays an important role because wages affect many aspects such as labor productivity, production, and business efficiency of the company, etc After doing the internship about the salary accounting system at the company and the current shortcomings of the salary accounting practice presented in Section 3.1.2, I would like to propose some solutions to improve the accounting of salary and salary deductions as follows: 3.2.1 Management of payroll and deductions
It is advisable to invest in a fingerprint scanner to accurately track the employee's working process This will help accounting and human resources reduce the burden and timekeeping for employees will be more accurate The company should consider applying more effective salary timekeeping measures For example, the company can increase time of checking attendance in a day This helps the company control the number of people working
In addition, the Company should only let the Human Resources Staff manages the timesheets (instead of both department heads and department managers as before) and prepare documents and then send them to the
63 accountant to calculate the salary This will reduce the cumbersome process of document transfer as well as save time for timekeeping and management of employees’ working time
- Insome cases, the company pays the salary slowly to the employees This can make them unhappy The solution is that the company needs to pay the salary to the employees on time to encourage them to work more effectively In order for the salary payment to take place on time, the Board of Directors needs to regularly promote the process of salary calculation and payment of the accounting department
- Make advance deduction of leave salary to ensure employee's life
- There should be a form of monthly reward for individuals with good labor productivity to promote high working morale
3.2.2 The organization of the accounting apparatus
There are 4 people in the Finance department This number is not reasonable comparing to the workload because the accountants must take on many accounting functions For example, the cashier will take on collecting and disbursing cash funds, bank deposits and accounting for money in the company Besides, tax accountant in charge of preparing financial statements, calculating, and paying tax for enterprises The payroll accountant collects documents, calculates salary for employees The number of employees is increasing more and more, the more difficult in calculating the payroll and salary deductions and paying for the employees Therefore, the company should recruit more personnel to share the workload to ensure timely salary payment for the employees
Organize the rearrangement of labor to suit the job content, technological process to make full use of labor capacity and distribute wages according to the efficiency of labor contributions
The company needs to classify workers into different groups according to their own characteristics such as classification according to working time, classification according to the relationship with the production process, classification according to the function of labor to facilitate for accounting and management, creating high productivity and efficiency
The company should also create conditions for employees of the Accounting -Finance department to participate in internal professional classes organized by
64 senior managers to improve staff qualifications Therefore, financial accounting in general and salary accounting will be improved in terms of time and quality Organizing internal training courses can help the company save on external training costs and take advantage of the company’s available resources 3.2.4 Accounting documents and documents transfer
The transfer of documents from one department to another in the company is very time consuming and going through a lot of procedures To save time, when there is a transaction, the transfer of documents and books from one department to another should be done as soon to avoid the accumulation of documents to the end of the period or may cause errors in documents or loss of documents 3.2.5 Accounts used
The company should account for administrative expenses and production costs separately Production cost should be recorded in account 154 according to Circular 133 Production and business expenses recorded in account 154 include the following expenses:
Allocating reasonable expenses to the right accounts will help businesses operate more efficiently Besides, it also helps businesses control costs more easily There are some benefits when the company controls the expenses effectively:
+) Help the company improve its profits and competitiveness
+) Controlling costs can also help the company reduce costs and thereby reduce product costs
+) If the price of the product is stable and reasonable, it can sustain higher sales and create more jobs
3.2.6 Conditi ded for impl ting proposed solutions
For these solutions are effective, the company needs to do the following below:
The company should apply more effective timekeeping measures, create initiative and accuracy in timekeeping of employees
It is recommended to supplement the system and the method of transferring documents within the company in a faster and more effective way The company need to hire more accountants in charge of payroll
The company also needs to be concerned about the management of the labor and having the reasonable policies for bonus There should be a form of monthly reward for individuals with good labor productivity to promote high working morale Re-arrange employees to suit job content and technological processes to make full use of labor capacity and distribute wages according to labor contribution efficiency
Finally, the company should apply automatic timekeeping by machine Fingerprint time attendance not only helps businesses save maximum costs, but also helps managers easily track and manage events or entry and exit of their employees regardless of location Fingerprint time attendance machine is extremely flexible, can be used independently or integrated into the enterprise-scale time attendance system
Having chance to intern at Binh Minh Joint Stock Company, I have gained a lot of things about the salary and the salary deductions I know that accounting for salary and deductions is an extremely important aspect which has a decisive influence on the operation of the company Therefore, the Board of Directors also pay attention to the work of salary accounting and salary deductions
In this topic, I get more the information about salary accounting, salary deductions, the labor characteristics, and the current situation of salary accounting at the company According to the knowledge and the information I know, I have pointed out some advantages and disadvantages of the salary accounting and made some suggestions to improve the accounting aspect of salary and deductions at the company