Reading hsg 12

What the doctor, the engineer, and the teacher have in (1)_________ is that they have devoted several years of their lives to studying in order to obtain the necessary (2)_________ for their professions. We feel instinctively that these skills and these years? When they were studying (3)_________ of earning money, they should be rewarded. At the same time we recognize that the work of the miner and the oil-rig laborers is both hard and dangerous, and that they must be highly paid for the risks they (4)_________.

READING HSG 12 PASSAGE 1: Choose the correct answer to complete the following passage by writing the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet.

What the doctor, the engineer, and the teacher have in (1) _ is that they have devoted several years of their lives to studying in order to obtain the necessary (2) _ for their professions We feel instinctively that these skills and these years? When they were studying (3) _ of earning money, they should be rewarded At the same time we recognize that the work of the miner and the oil-rig laborers is both hard and dangerous, and that they must be highly paid for the risks they (4) _

Another factor we must take into (5) _ is how socially useful a man’s work is, regardless of the talents he may bring to it Most people would agree that looking after the sick

or teaching children is more important than, say, selling secondhand cars or improving the taste

of toothpaste by adding a red stripe to it (6) _ it is almost certain that the used-car salesman earns more than the nurse, and the research chemist earns more than the schoolteacher Indeed, this whole question of just rewards can be (7) _ on its head You can argue that

a man who does a job which brings him personal satisfaction is already receiving part of his reward in the form of a so-called ‘psychic wage’, and that it is the man with the boring, (8) _ job who needs more money to make up for the soul-destroying monotony of his work It is significant that those jobs which are traditionally regarded as ‘vocation’ - nursing, teaching, and the Church, for example - continue to be poorly paid, while (9) _, such as those in the world of sports or entertainment, carry financial rewards out of all (10) _ to their social worth

(source: https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org)

2 A eligibilities B qualities C qualifications D appropriateness VD

3 A instead B consist C regardless D because

5 A attention B deliberation C consideration D scrutiny

8 A repeat B repetitive C repetition D repetitively

10 A dimension B percentage C aspect D proportion VD

PASSAGE 2: Read the following passage and choose the correct answer by writing the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet.

The biologist’s role in society as well as his moral and ethical responsibility in the discovery and development of new ideas has led to a reassessment of his social and scientific value systems A scientist can no longer ignore the consequence of his discoveries; he is as concerned with the possible misuses of his findings as he is with the basic research in which he is involved This emerging social and political role of the biologist and all other scientists requires

a weighing of values that cannot be done with the accuracy or the objectivity of a laboratory balance As a member of society, it is necessary for a biologist now to redefine his social obligations and his functions, particularly in the realm of making judgments about such ethical problems as man’s control of his environment or his manipulation of genes to direct further evolutionary development

As a result of recent discoveries concerning hereditary mechanisms, genetic engineering,

by which human traits are made to order, may soon be a reality As desirable as it may seem to

be, such an accomplishment would entail many value judgments Who would decide, for example, which traits should be selected for change? In cases of genetic deficiencies and disease, the desirability of the change is obvious, but the possibilities for social misuse are so numerous

that they may far outweigh the benefits Probably the greatest biological problem of the future, as

it is of the present, will be to find ways to curb environmental pollution without interfering with

man’s constant effort to improve the quality of his life Many scientists believe that underlying

the spectre of pollution is the problem of surplus human population A rise in population

necessitates an increase in the operations of modem industry, the waste products of which

increase the pollution of the air, water, and soil The question of how many people the resources

of the Earth can support is one of critical importance

Although the solutions to these and many other problems are yet to be found, they do indicate the need for biologists to work with social scientists and other members of society in order to determine the requirements necessary for maintaining a healthy and productive planet For although many of man’s present and future problems may be seen to be essentially social,

political, or economic in nature, they have biological ramifications that could affect the very

existence of life itself

(Source: tuyensinh247.com)

1 What is the main idea of the passage? VD

A The emergence of genetic engineering and its potential benefits and drawbacks

B The biologist's evolving role in society and the ethical considerations in scientific discoveries

C The challenges of environmental pollution and its link to population growth

D The need for collaboration between biologists and other societal members to address global issues

2 According to the passage, a modem scientist should be more concerned about VD

A the consequences of his discoveries B his basic research

C his manipulation of genes D the development of new ideas

3 It is implied in the passage that genetic engineering _ VDC

A may do us more harm than good B is no longer desirable

C is the most desirable for life D will change all human traits

4 The pronoun “they” in paragraph 2 refers to TH

A cases of genetic deficiencies B discoveries concerning hereditary mechanisms

C effects of genetic engineering misuse D possibilities for genetic deficiencies

5 What is probably the most important biological problem mentioned in the passage? VDC

A social and economic deficiencies B environmental pollution

C manipulation of genes D genetic engineering misuse

6 The word “which” in paragraph 2 refers to TH

A the waste products dumped into our environment B activities of surplus human population

C serious environmental pollution D activities of an overpopulated

society’s industry

7 The word “underlying” in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by VD

8 According to the passage, to save our planet, biologists should work _ TH

A on social and political purposes B accurately and objectively

C with other social scientists D harder and harder

9 Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “ramifications” in paragraph 3? VD

A useful experiments B effective techniques C harmful consequences D latest developments

10 What is the author’s purpose in this passage? VDC

A To emphasize the biologist’s role in solving the world’s problems

B To conduct a survey of the biologist’s role in society

C To advise biologists to carry out extensive research into genetic engineering

D To urge biologists to solve the problem of surplus human population

PASSAGE 3: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions (2.0 points)

London Children's behaviour has worsened over the past five years, according to a survey of teachers which found that a fifth thought girls were more likely to cause trouble than boys The survey, published after teachers at a Lancashire school went on strike over discipline, found low-level disruption, including chatting and "horsing around", was the biggest problem Boys were

more likely to be physically aggressive while girls tended to ostracise other pupils The

behaviour of boys was more of a challenge than that of girls but the actions of each sex had deteriorated, according to 56.5 per cent of staff surveyed by the Association of Teachers and Lecturers (ATL)

Among male pupils the most challenging behaviour for teachers was physical aggression, such as pushing, spitting, kicking and hitting A secondary teacher quoted in the survey said boys were usually aggressive with other pupils, while girls tended to call one another names Teachers criticised a lack of role models in the home A primary teacher said: "The boys are far more willing to be aggressive to adults, verbally and even physically There don't seem to be any parental boundaries set of what is an appropriate way to speak and deal with another adult." Teachers at Darwen Vale high school, Lancashire, walked out over unruly pupil behaviour this month They said children challenged them to fights and threatened to film lessons and post

them online The survey of more than 850 teachers, heads and other school staff found that more

than 21 per cent thought girls' behaviour was more challenging than boys, compared with 68 per cent who said male pupils caused more trouble In schools that have excluded pupils, 57 per cent said more boys and 5 per cent said more girls had been excluded

A department head in a primary school told the survey, carried out in March, that "classes with a majority of boys tend to be louder, less co-operative and harder to teach" Nearly half of the staff surveyed said boys' bravado was behind their disruption For girls, the most likely trigger was a break-up between friends A primary school teacher from Bredfordshire said:

“Boys are generally more physical and their behaviour is more noticeable Girls often say nasty thing, which end up disrupting the lesson that as much as the boys, as other children get upset

and can’t focus on their work They are usually the ones who refuse to comply with instructions.

“Some staff had notice girls’ behaviour worsening” A teaching assistant from Weston-upset-Mare said: “Girls are definitely getting more violent, with gangs of girls in school who are getting worse than gangs of the boys.” The ATL annual conference in Liverpool on Monday is due to debate a motion expressing concern at increasing numbers of girls being excluded from secondary school

Government figures for 2008-9 showed that boys represented 78% of the total number of permanent exclusions from schools in England This proportion was unchanged from the year before The ATL general secretary, Mary Bousted, said: “Staff get ground down daily by the

chatting and messing around , which disrupts lessons for other pupils and takes the pleasure out

of teaching Even more worrying is the physical aggression, most often amomg boys but also

among some girls, which put other pupils and staff at risk Schools need to have firm and

consistent discipline policies and work with parents to keep school and colleges safe places for pupils and staff alike.” The education bill, now going through the Commons, will give the teacher the right to search pupils for banned items and will remove for requirement to give parents a day’s notice of detention The education secretary, Michael Gove, said the measure in

(Source: https://www.theguardian.com/)

Question 1: What does the passage mainly discuss? VD

A The behaviour of children getting deteriorating

B The changes in the attitude of modern teenagers are dramatic

C Children nowadays are having more troubles at school.

D The differences in the behaviour of schoolboys and achoolgirls are greater.

Question 2: The word “ostracise” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to VD

Question 3: Which of the following is NOT true about the schoolboys in paragraph 2 VD

A They tended to use violence to solve the conflicts with others

B They sometimes threatened or challenged even their teachers at school

C They were only obedient to their parents at home

D They were said to be willing to be a gressive to adults.

Question 4: The word “them” in paragraph 2 refers to _ TH

Question 5: According to paragraph 3, female pupils are described that TH

A They were becoming more and more disruptive.

B They often distracted other students in class from the lesson.

C Their activities were not so bad as those of male pupils.

D They often used physical agression before isolating a friend.

Question 6: What could the word “ comply” in paragraph 3 best be replaced by VD

Question 7: What is NOT mentioned as one of the physical aggression, the most challenging behaviour for teachers? TH

Question 8: The word “ which” in the last paragraph refers to TH

A The physical aggression B The disruption of the lessons.

C The pleasure from teacing D The chatting and messing.

Question 9: Which of the following best reflects the suggestion of the author to reduce the bad behavior of children in the last paragraph? VDC

A Teacher should collaborate with parents to make the school environment secure.

B More strict principles should be implemented to heavily punish the committed students.

C Staff should be more responsible for protecting pupils from aggressive ones.

D.Permanent exclusions will limit the violence of physical agression in school

Question 10: It can be inferred from the passage that … VDC

A Bad behaviour of children prevents them from making friends with other students.

B The worse the children’s behaviour becomes, the more education quality will decrease

C Teachers are tired of teaching the class with aggressive students.

D Girl’s behaviour is more dangerous than boys.