MөFWLrXFӫD ÿӅWjL
NghLrQFӭXYӅJLҧLSKiSWLӃWNLӋPQăQJOѭӧQJFKRJLDRWLӃSWҫP[D/R5D TM YӟLFiFQӝLGXQJ
- 1JKLrQFӭXYӅF{QJQJKӋ/R5D TM và LoRaWAN TM
- 1JKLrQFӭXPӝWVӕEjLWRiQFyWKӇӭQJGөQJF{QJQJKӋJLDRWLӃSWҫP[D LoRa TM VDXÿyÿѭDUDJLҧLSKiSWӕLѭXKRiQăQJOѭӧQJ
- 1JKLrQFӭXYjKLӋQWKӵF PҥFKÿLӅXNKLӇQFӫD Q~WFҧPELӃQ WURQJPҥQg FҧPELӃQNK{QJGk\ ÿӇÿiQKJLiJLҧLSKiSWLӃWNLӋPQăQJOѭӧQJ
- 7ULӇQ NKDL PӝW JLҧL SKiS WRjQ GLӋQ Vӱ GөQJ F{QJ QJKӋ /R5D TM và LoRaWAN TM EDRJӗPQ~WFҧPELӃQWKLӃWEӏWUXQJWkPgateway), và Pi\FKӫ/R5DWAN TM
ĈӕLWѭӧQJYjSKҥPYLQJKLrQFӭX
ĈӇÿѭDUDJLҧLSKiSWӕLѭXKRiQăQJOѭӧQJWLrXWKөFKRF{QJQJKӋJLDRWLӃS WҫP[D/R5D TM QJKLrQFӭXFҫQWұSWUXQJYjR:
- &{QJQJKӋ/R5D TM và LoRaWAN TM
- Các KӋWKӕQJ,R7 ӭQJGөQJF{QJQJKӋJLDRWLӃSWҫP[DLoRa TM
- &iF\ӃXWӕҧQKKѭӣQJÿӃQWLrXWKөQăQJOѭӧQJ trong c{QJQJKӋLoRa TM YjWtQKQăQJ$'5WURQJJLDRWKӭF/R5D:$1 TM
- &iFSKҫQFӭQJOLrQTXDQÿӃQF{QJQJKӋJLDRWLӃSWҫP[D/R5D TM
- &iFKKLӋQWKӵFPҥFKÿLӅXNKLӇQFKRQ~WFҧPELӃQVӱGөQJF{QJQJKӋ LoRa TM
1JKLrQFӭX FKӍ WұSWUXQJYjRYLӋFÿѭDUDJLҧLSKiSWӕLѭXKRiQăQJOѭӧQJ WLrXWKөWURQJPҥQJ FҧPELӃQNK{QJGk\ VӱGөQJF{QJQJKӋLoRa TM GӵDYjR WtQKQăQJ$'5FӫDJLDRWKӭF/R5D:$1 TM QrQVӁNK{QJWKӇӭQJGөQJFKRFiF KӋWKӕQJ ,R7NK{QJVӱGөQJWtQKQăQJQj\
*LҧLSKiSPà nJKLrQFӭXÿѭD ra FKӍFyWKӇWULӇQNKDL ÿѭӧF trong các PҥQJ FҧPELӃQNK{QJGk\VӱGөQJF{QJQJKӋ/R5D TM FySKҫQFӭQJWKHRFKXҭQFӫD JLDRWKӭF/R5D:$1 TM SKLrQEҧQNK{QJFyNKҧQăQJiSGөQJUӝQJUmLFKR QKӳQJKӋWKӕQJVӱGөQJF{QJQJKӋ/R5D TM QKѭQJNK{QJWKHRFKXҭQ này
7LӃSWKHRSKҫQJLӟLWKLӋXQӝLGXQJFӫDOXұQYăQVӁÿѭӧFWәFKӭFWKHRWUuQK WӵQKѭVDX
- &KѭѫQJ,,7UuQKEj\FiFNLӃQWKӭFQӅQWҧQJOLrQTXDQÿӃQÿӅWjLQKѭ PҥQJ FҧP ELӃQ NK{QJ Gk\ PҥQJ JLDR WLӃS F{QJ VXҩW WKҩS GLӋQ UӝQJ (LPWAN), LoRa TM và LoRaWAN TM WtQKQăQJ$'5
- &KѭѫQJ,,, ĈѭDUDJLҧLSKiSWӕLѭXKRiQăQJOѭӧQJWLrXWKөGӵDYjR WtQKQăQJ$'5WURQJJLDRWKӭFPҥQJ/R5D:$1 TM
- &KѭѫQJ,90{WҧFiFWKLӃWEӏÿmÿѭӧF KLӋQWKӵF YjWULӇQNKDL
- &KѭѫQJ9 7әQJNӃW, ÿiQKJLiJLҧLSKiS FӫDOXұQYăQYjÿӅ[XҩWKѭӟQJSKiWWULӇQ
&KѭѫQJ LӃQtKӭF1ӅQtҧQJ
Các công trình liên quan
CҩXWU~FFӫDQ~WWURQJPҥQJFҧPELӃQNK{QJGk\
0ӝWQ~WWURQJPҥQJFҧPELӃQNK{QJGk\VӁFyFҩXWU~FEDRJӗPtWQKҩWFiF WKjQKSKҫQQKѭVDX
- 0ӝWWKLӃWEӏ FyFKӭFQăQJ [ӱOêWtQKLӋXÿҫXUDFӫDFҧPELӃQYj[ӱOê WtQKLӋXNӻWKXұWVӕ WӯWtQKLӋXNK{QJGk\
- 0ӝWWKLӃWEӏWUX\ӅQWҧLWK{QJWLQNK{QJGk\
- 0ӝWQJXӗQQăQJOѭӧQJWKѭӡQJOjSLQ
1JRjLUDFiFQ~WFҧPELӃQQj\FNJQJWKѭӡQJÿѭӧFWUDQJEӏWKrPFiFWKLӃWEӏ QKѭVDX
- 7KLӃWEӏWKXQKұQWtQKLӋXNK{QJGk\
- 0ӝWWKLӃWEӏÿӏQKYӏFKX\rQGөQJJLӕQJQKѭ*36
Các nút FҧPELӃQQj\FҫQSKҧLÿiSӭQJÿѭӧF\rXFҫXKRҥWÿӝQJWURQJWKӡL gian dài, YuWKӃPjQăQJOѭӧQJWLrXWKөSKҧLÿѭӧFKҥQFKӃӣPӭFÿӕLÿD QKѭQJ FiFFKӭFQăQJWKuYүQSKҧLÿѭӧFÿҧPEҧR ĈӇWULӇQNKDLPҥQJFҧPELӃQNK{QJGk\SKѭѫQJSKiS WӕLѭXQăQJOѭӧQJ WLrXWKө WUX\ӅQWKӕQJWKѭӡQJÿѭӧFVӱGөQJOjWKLӃWNӃFiFPҥFK ÿLӅXNKLӇQ FӫD Q~WFҧPELӃQVDRFKRFKӍWLrXWKөQăQJOѭӧQJSKҫQOӟQtrong YLӋFNKӣLÿӝQJvà WUX\ӅQWҧLGӳOLӋXKҥQFKӃWӕLÿDWLrXWKөQăQJOѭӧQJWURQJWUҥQJWKiLFKӡ
2.2.3 TӕLѭXKRiQăQJOѭӧQJWURQJPҥQJFҧPELӃQNK{QJGk\
7iFJLҧWURQJQJKLrQFӭX>@ÿmWұSKӧSYjÿiQKJLiFiFF{QJQJKӋÿDQJ ÿѭӧFӭQJGөQJ ÿӇWӕLѭXKRiQăQJOѭӧQJWLrXWKө WURQJPҥQJFҧPELӃQNK{QJ dây nói chung, YjPҥQJFҧPELӃQNK{QJGk\WURQJ ngành Q{QJQJKLӋS chính xác nói riêng
&{QJQJKӋJLDRWLӃSNK{QJGk\ QJj\FjQJÿѭӧFQJKLrQFӭXYjӭQJGөQJ UӝQJUmLWURQJPҥQJFҧPELӃQNK{QJGk\ WURQJQJKLrQFӭXWUrQWiFJLҧÿmNKҧR sát Yj ÿiQK JLi QKӳQJ F{QJ QJKӋ giao WLӃS NK{QJ Gk\ SKә ELӃQ EDR JӗP Bluetooth BLE, ZigBee, LoRa TM , SigFox, Bluetooth Classic, LTE, GPRS, và Wi-Fi 1JRjLUDWiFJLҧFNJQJÿѭDUDPӝWELӇXÿӗVRViQKPӭFWLrXWKөQăQJOѭӧQJ WURQJYLӋFWUX\ӅQWҧLGӳOLӋXFӫDWӯQJF{QJQJKӋQKѭVDX
Hình 21ăQJOѭӧQJWLrXWKөFӫDcác F{QJQJKӋJLDRWLӃSNK{QJGk\>@ 2.3 0ҥQJJLDRWLӃS F{QJVXҩWWKҩS GLӋQUӝQJ (LPWAN)
&{QJQJKӋJLDRWLӃSF{QJVXҩWWKҩSGLӋQUӝQJ/3:$1ÿѭӧF6LJ)R[SKә ELӃQvào QăP[14]QKѭPӝWJLҧLSKiS JLDRWLӃSWҫP[DKLӋXTXҧYӟL\ru FҫXWLӃWNLӋPQăQJOѭӧQJYjFKLSKtEҧQTX\ӅQFӫDPҥQJGLÿӝQJ &yUҩWQKLӅX F{QJQJKӋÿѭӧFÿѭDUDWKHRWLrXFKXҭQFӫD/3:$1 QKѭNB ± IoT, Sigfox, EC
- GSM, LoRa TM ô 7URQJÿy LoRa TM ÿѭӧF[HPOj F{QJQJKӋSKәELӃQ QKҩW Theo thông tin WӯSemtech, F{QJW\WKLӃWNӃUDF{QJQJKӋ/R5D TM 40% WKLӃWEӏ VӱGөQJ LP:$1VӁKRҥWÿӝQJGӵDWUrQF{QJQJKӋnàyYjRQăP
Theo QKѭ WURQJ ÿһF Wҧ [15], PҥQJ JLDR WLӃS F{QJ VXҩW WKҩS GLӋQ UӝQJ (LPWAN) có FiFÿһFWtQKQKѭ: WҫPKRҥWÿӝQJUӝQJEăQJWK{QJWKҩSFiFJyLGӳ OLӋXÿѭӧFWUX\ӅQWҧLFyNtFKWKѭӟFQKӓYjKRҥWÿӝQJÿѭӧFWURQJPӝWWKӡLJLDQ GjLGӵDYjRQJXӗQQăQJOѭӧQJOjSLQ +LӋn nay, LPWAN ÿDQJ ÿѭӧFÿҭ\PҥQK QJKLrQFӭX QKӡYLӋFÿHPOҥLNKҧQăQJNӃWQӕLFKRFiFWKLӃWEӏSKkQWiQӣGLӋQ UӝQJYӟLPӭF \rXFҫX QăQJOѭӧQJWKҩS
Trong nghirQFӭX>], WiFJLҧÿmphân tích U}KѫQ YӅPөFWLrXWKLӃWNӃFNJQJ QKѭFiFNӻWKXұWÿѭӧFVӱGөQJÿӇÿҥWÿѭӧFKLӋXTXҧJLDRWLӃSWҫP[DYӟLPӭF WLrXWKө QăQJOѭӧQJWKҩS WURQJF{QJQJKӋJLDRWLӃSQj\ &{QJQJKӋ/3:$1WұS WUXQJYjRYLӋFÿҥWÿѭӧFWҫPKRҥWÿӝQJ[DYӟLPӭFQăQJOѭӧQJWKҩSFQJYӟLFKL SKtWKҩS ĈӇÿҥWÿѭӧFNKҧQăQJKRҥWÿӝQJWURQJSKҥPYLUӝQJ/3:$1ÿmVӱGөQJ FiF\ӃXWӕQKѭ
- 6ӱGөQJEăQJWҫQVyQJGѭӟL1GHz (Sub-1GHz)QKҵPÿHPOҥLNKҧQăQJ WUX\ӅQWҧLGӳOLӋXWLQFұ\YjPҥQKPӁYӟLPӭFWLrXKDRQăQJOѭӧQJWKҩS
- &iFNӻ WKXұWÿLӅXFKӃVyQJULrQJELӋW&iFF{QJQJKӋWKHRFKXҭQFӫD LPWAN ÿDQJVӱGөQJKDLNӻWKXұWÿLӅXFKӃVyQJFKtQKOjEăQJWK{QJ KҽSQDUURZband) và WUҧLSKәVSUHDGVSHFWUXP
0ӭFWLrXWKөQăQJOѭӧQJWKҩSOjPӝWÿһFWUѭQJ TXDQWUӑQJ FӫDF{QJQJKӋ /3:$1YjÿӇÿҥWÿѭӧFNKҧQăQJ Qj\FiFWӕLѭXYӅJLDRWKӭFWUX\ӅQWҧLYjTXҧQ OêPҥQJÿmÿѭӧFVӱGөQJ EDRJӗP:
- CiFWKjQKSKҫQWURQJPҥQJÿѭӧFOLrQNӃWYӟLQKDXWKHRFҩXWU~FKuQKVDRWKD\YuFҩXWU~FPҥQJOѭӟLQKѭFiFF{QJQJKӋJLDRWLӃSNK{QJGk\NKiF&ҩXWU~FPҥQJKuQKVDRVӁORҥLEӓQăQJOѭӧQJWLrXWKөFKRFiFQ~W trung gian QKҵPWLӃWNLӋPWӕLÿDQăQJOѭӧQJWUrQFiFQ~WÿҫXFXӕL
- &KXWUuQKKRҥWÿӝQJ'XW\&\FOHWURQJ/3:$1ÿѭӧFWKLӃWNӃQKҵP WӕLѭXWKӡLJLDQVӱGөQJQăQJOѭӧQJWUrQFiFQ~WPҥQJ&iFWKLӃWEӏÿҫX FXӕLWKѭӡQJVӁӣWUҥQJWKiLFKӡYjWKLӃWEӏWUX\ӅQWҧLGӳOLӋXFKӍÿѭӧF EұWNKLFҫQJLDRWLӃp QJRjLUDVӁÿѭӧFWҳWWURQJVXӕWWKӡLJLDQKRҥWÿӝQJ FӫDWKLӃWEӏ
- 6ӱGөQJJLDRWKӭF0$&ÿѫQJLҧQQKҵPKҥQFKӃ[ӱOêGүQÿӃQWLrX hao QăQJOѭӧQJQrQLPWAN ÿmVӱGөQJFiFJLDRWKӭF0$&ÿѫQJLҧQQKѭ ALOHA WURQJJLDRWKӭF6,;)2*/R5D:$1 TM ), hay TDMA (trong JLDRWKӭF1%± IoT)
- *LҧPWҧLVӵSKӭFWҥSӣFiFWKLӃWEӏÿҫXFXӕLWURQJPҥQJ/3:$1VӁWұS WUXQJ FiF WiF Yө SKӭF WҥS ӣ PӝW WKLӃW Eӏ WUXQJ WkP EDVH VWDWLRQ / gateway), WURQJNKLFiFWKLӃWEӏӣQ~WPҥQJFKӍWұSWUXQJYjRYLӋFWUX\ӅQ WҧLGӳOLӋX
0ӝWÿһFÿLӇPNKiFFNJQJUҩWTXDQWUӑQJJL~SFKRF{QJQJKӋ/3:$1QJj\ FjQJSKәELӃQYjÿѭӧFWULӇQNKDLWURQJUҩWQKLӅXKӋWKӕQJ,R7OjFKLSKtWKҩS
&iFF{QJQJKӋ/3:$1 VӱGөQJWURQJWKѭѫQJPҥL KLӋQQD\ÿDQJ JLӟLKҥQFKL SKtSKҫQFӭQJGѭӟLYjFKLSKtVӱGөQJNӃWQӕLOjGѭӟL$/thángÿӇPDQJÿӃQ NKҧQăQJQKѭWUrQ thì F{QJQJKӋQj\FyFiFÿһFÿLӇP QKѭ sau:
- *LҧPWKLӇXVӵSKӭFWҥSFӫDSKҫQFӭQJVRYӟLFiFF{QJQJKӋJLDRWLӃS WҫPJҫQWKuWKLӃWEӏWUX\ӅQQKұQWURQJ/3:$1[ӱOê WtQKLӋX ÿѫQJLҧQ KѫQ&KtQKYuWKӃPjJLҧPWKLӇX ÿѭӧF NtFKWKѭӟF SKҫQPrPFKLSKt[ӱ OêWtQKLӋX NtFKWKѭӟFEӝQKӟ GүQÿӃQSKҫQFӭQJÿѫQJLҧQKѫQYjchi SKtWKҩSKѫQ
- 7ӕLWKLӇXFѫVӣKҥWҫQJ FiFF{QJQJKӋJLDRWLӃSWUX\ӅQWKӕQJJLӟLKҥQ WURQJSKҥPYLQKҩWÿӏQKGүQÿӃQYLӋFPӣUӝQJVӁ\rXFҫXPӣUӝQJFѫ VӣKҥWҫQJFҫQthêm FiFWKLӃWEӏQKѭUHOD\, gateway) 7URQJNKLÿyYӟL F{QJQJKӋLPWAN, PӝWWKLӃWEӏWUXQJWkPEDVHVWDWLRQJDWHZD\Fy WKӇSKөFYөFKRVӕOѭӧQJOrQÿӃQhàng FKөFQJjQWKLӃWEӏÿҫXFXӕLWURQJ SKҥPYLYjLki lô mét
- SӱGөQJFiFEăQJWҫQ ÿmÿѭӧFFҩSSKpSKRһFPLӉQSKtJLҩ\SKpSFiFF{QJQJKӋ/3:$1FKӫ\ӃXÿѭӧF WULӇQNKDLWUrQFiFEăQJWҫQÿѭӧFPLӉQJLҩ\SKpSQKѭ EăQJWҫQF{QJQJKLӋSNKRDKӑFYj\WӃ,6M band) ĈһFWtQKFXӕLFQJFӫDF{QJQJKӋ/3:$1PXӕQÿHPOҥLFKtQKOjNKҧQăQJ PӣUӝQJ và KӛWUӧÿѭӧFVӕOѭӧQJOӟQFiFWKLӃWEӏÿҫXFXӕL 0ӝWVӕNӻWKXұWÿm ÿѭӧFVӱGөQJÿӇÿҥWÿѭӧFNKҧQăQJQj\Oj
- ÈSGөQJQKLӅX NӻWKXұW ÿӇFyWKӇ SKөFYө WӕLÿD VӕWKLӃWEӏ thì các thông VӕҧQKKѭӣQJÿӃQNKҧQăQJWUX\ӅQWҧLQKѭNrQKWKӡL gian, không gian, YjSKҫQFӭQJVӁFҫQÿѭӧFNKDLWKiFKLӋXTXҧ Trong LPWAN, các Nӻ WKXұW QKѭJLDRJLӃSÿDNrQKQKLӅXăQJWHQYjWUX\ӅQWҧLVRQJVRQJ ÿm ÿѭӧFiSGөQJYjRFiFWKjQKSKҫQPҥQKPӁQKѭWKLӃWEӏWUXQJWkPEDVH VWDWLRQJDWHZD\YjPi\FKӫEDFNend)
PKkQWtFKWtQKQăQJ$'5WURQJThe Things Network
GLҧLSKiSWӕLѭXQăQJOѭӧQJFKRFiFWKLӃWEӏ/R5D TM ÿѭӧFQJKLrQFӭXWURQJ OXұQYăQ VӁGӵDWUrQWtQKQăQJ$'5ÿѭӧFKLӋQWKӵFWURQJGӵiQPmQJXӗQPӣ The Things Network (TTN) 771OjPӝWGӵiQPmQJXӗQPӣKLӋQWKӵFFiFFKӭF QăQJFӫDPӝWPi\FKӫ/R5D:$1 TM , WURQJOXұQYăQWKuSKLrQEҧQ771WKHRÿһF Wҧ/R5D:$1 TM SKLrQEҧQVӁÿѭӧFVӱGөQJ
7tQKQăQJ$'5FӫD771ÿѭӧFKLӋQWKӵFWKHRP{WҧWKHRKuQKVDX
7URQJÿyQJKLrQFӭXVӁWұSWUXQJYjRSKҫQFӕWO}LFӫDWtQKQăQJ$'5là WKXұWWRiQ$'5FӫD771WKXұWWRiQQj\FyYDLWUzWtQKWRiQYjWuPUDKӋVӕODQ UӝQJVSUHDGLQJIDFWRUYjQăQJOѭӧQJWUX\ӅQWUҧL WӕLѭXQKҩWFKRWӯQJWKLӃWEӏ LoRa TM ÿҫXFXӕLWURQJPҥQJ/R5D:$1 TM 7KXұWWRiQQj\ÿѭӧFP{WҧWKHRQKѭ VѫÿӗKRҥWÿӝQJÿѭӟLÿk\
Hình 12 *LҧLWKXұW ADR trong TTN
GLҧLWKXұW$'5FӫD771FKӍWұSWUXQJYjRFiFWK{QJVӕQKѭWtQKLӋXWUrQ QKLӉX VLJQDO-to-noise), PӭF WtQ KLӋX WӕL WKLӇX Fy WKӇ JLҧL Pm Gӳ OLӋX (demodulation floor), và Vӕ OѭӧQJ JyL WLQ XSOLQN ÿӇ WtQK WRiQ UD JLi WUӏ ELrQ (margin) sDXÿyVӱGөQJJLiWUӏELrQQj\ÿӇ WăQJWӕFÿӝGӳ OLӋXYjJLҧPQăQJ OѭӧQJWUX\ӅQWҧL
7URQJNKLÿyFzQFyPӝWWK{QJVӕUҩWTXDQWUӑQJNKiFÿѭӧFÿtQKNqPWURQJJyLWLQEӣLWKLӃWEӏWUXQJWkPJDWHZD\OjFѭӡQJÿӝWtQKLӋXWKXÿѭӧF566,7K{QJVӕQj\WKӇKLӋQFKҩWOѭӧQJVyQJFNJQJQKѭNKҧQănJWUX\ӅQWҧLGӳOLӋXWURQJPҥQJWURQJOXұQYăQQj\YLӋFWӕLѭXQăQJOѭӧQJVӁÿѭӧFWKӵFKLӋQEҵQJFiFKVӱGөQJJLiWUӏ566,ÿӇWKD\ÿәLPӭFQăQJOѭӧQJWUX\ӅQWҧL
0өFWLrXQJKLrQFӭXWURQJOXұQYăQOjWuPUDJLҧLSKiSWӕLѭXKRiQăQJOѭӧQJ YӟLFiFWLrXFKt
- TtQKWәQJTXiW FyWKӇӭQJGөQJUӝQJUmL
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- 7tQKÿѫQJLҧQNK{QJ\rXFҫXWKD\ÿәLFҩXWU~FFӫDFiFWKLӃWEӏ/R5D TM ÿҫXFXӕL
&KtQKYuFiF\ӃXWӕWUrQQrQOXұQYăQWұSWUXQJYjRQJKLrQFӭXWtQKQăQJ ADR trong gLDRWKӭFPҥQJ/R5D:$1 TM YuWtQKQăQJQj\FyWiFGөQJWӕLѭX KRi QăQJ OѭӧQJ WLrX WKө FKR WKLӃW Eӏ ÿҫX FXӕL Yj ÿѭӧF KLӋQ WKӵF ӣ Pi\ FKӫ LoRaWAN TM nên hoàn toàn không ҧQKKѭӣQJÿӃQFiFWKjQKSKҫQNKiFWURQJ PҥQJ
6DXNKLQJKLrQFӭXYjÿiQKJLiJLҧLWKXұW$'5ÿDQJÿѭӧFKLӋQWKӵFWURQJ GӵiQ771FyWKӇWKҩ\Oj\ӃXWӕFѭӡQJÿӝWtQKLӋXWKXÿѭӧF566,ÿmNK{QJ ÿѭӧF[HP[pW&KtQKYuWKӃQrQOXұQYăQÿmÿӅ[XҩW PӝWFiLWLӃQQKӓWURQJJLҧL WKXұW$'5 ÿyFKtQKOjVӱGөQJ\ӃXWӕ566,Qj\ÿӇWăQJWKrPJLiWUӏELrQPDUJLQ GQJÿӇJLҧPQăQJOѭӧQJWUX\ӅQWҧLWUrQFiFWKLӃWEӏÿҫXFXӕL
7URQJFiFWjLOLӋX [22] WKuWK{QJVӕ566,FKӍUDFKҩWOѭӧQJWX\ӅQWҧLGӳOLӋX WURQJPӝWPҥQJ/R5D:$1 TM QKѭ sau:
- &KҩWOѭӧQJtrung bình: 50% ~= -75 dBm
7ӯPӕLOLrQNӃWOLrQNӃWJLӳD566,YjFKҩWOѭӧQJWUX\ӅQWҧLGӳOLӋXWURQJPҥQJ, QJKLrQFӭXÿmÿӅ[XҩWJLҧLSKiSWӕLѭXQăQJOѭӧQJWLrXWKөEҵQJFiFKJLҧPQăQJOѭӧQJWUX\ӅQWҧLWUrQFiFWKLӃWEӏÿҫXFXӕLGӵDWUrQFKҩWOѭӧQJWUX\ӅQWҧL /XұQYăQÿmQJKLrQFӭXvà KLӋQWKӵFPӝWKjP FKӭFQăQJ VӱGөQJFiFFұQWURQJWKDQJÿRFKҩWOѭӧQJVyQJ WKrPYӟLEѭӟFTX\ÿәLJLiWUӏWӯ566,VDQJJLiWUӏELrQÿӇWUtFK[XҩWJLiWUӏELrQFӝQJWKrP +jPFKӭFQăQJQj\FKӍTXDQWkPKDLQJѭӥQg là WtQKLӋX PҥQKOjNKLJLiWUӏ566,!-45 dBm, và WtQKLӋX trung bình OjNKLJLiWUӏ566,!-85 dBm Kèm WKHRÿyOjEѭӟFQKҧ\FӫDWӯQJQJѭӥQJWtQKLӋXWѭѫQJӭQJ OҫQOѭӧWOj5 dBm và 10 dBm
7ӯFiFWK{QJVӕWUrQ OXұQYăQÿmQJKLrQFӭXYjÿӅ[XҩWPӝW KjPWUtFK[XҩW JLiWUӏELrQPDUJLQ cho WKXұWWRiQ$'5+jPWUtFK[XҩWQj\ ÿѭӧFKLӋQWKӵF QKѭVDX strongRSSIStepÅ 5 dBm mediumRSSIStepÅ 10 dBm strongRSSIMarginÅ -45 dBm mediumRSSIMarginÅ -85 dBm function getRSSIMargin(curRSSI) rssiMargin = 0 rssiSignal = curRSSI if rssiSignal > strongRSSIMargin then
//get signal rssiMarginÅ ࢙࢙࢘ࡹࢇ࢘ࢍ ࢙࢚࢘ࢍࡾࡿࡿࡵࡿ࢚ࢋ ࢙ࢍࢇ end if if rssiSignal > mediumRSSIMargin then
//get signal rssiMarginÅ ࢙࢙࢘ࡹࢇ࢘ࢍ ࢙࢙࢘ࡿࢍࢇିࢋࢊ࢛ࡾࡿࡿࡵࡹࢇ࢘ࢍ ࢋࢊ࢛ࡾࡿࡿࡵࡿ࢚ࢋ end if
//the weak signal is when rssi below -85dm return rssiMargin end function
Hình 13 +jPWUtFKOӑFJLiWUӏ biên (margin) Wӯ566,
Hàm WUtFKOӑFÿӇ WăQJgiá WUӏELrQPDUJLQVӁÿѭӧFWKrPYjRWURQJWKXұWWRiQ ADR, ngay sau EѭӟF WăQJ WӕFÿӝGӳOLӋXYjWUѭӟFNKL WKӵFKLӋQEѭӟF JLҧPQăQJ OѭӧQJWUX\ӅQWҧLÿӇFKRJLiWUӏELrQÿѭӧFVLQKUDWURQJKjPFKӍWiFÿӝQJOrQPӭF QăQJOѭӧQJWUX\ӅQWҧL
7URQJWKXұWWRiQ$'5WKuJLiWUӏELrQPDUJLQÿyQJYDLWUzUҩWTXDQWUӑQJWURQJYLӋFWӕLѭX QăQJOѭӧQJ *LiWUӏQj\FjQJOӟQWKuFKӭQJWӓWҫPKRҥWÿӝQJYjFKҩWOѭӧQJWUX\ӅQWҧLGӳOLӋXÿDQJәQÿӏQKGүQÿӃQ WKXұWWRiQVӁWăQJ WӕFÿӝGӳ
OLӋX và JLҧPQăQJOѭӧQJWUX\ӅQWҧLQKҵPWLӃWNLӋPÿLӋQQăQJWLrXWKөFKRFiF WKLӃWEӏÿҫXFXӕL+jPWӕLѭXQj\ÿѭӧFÿѭDYjRWURQJJLҧLWKXұWQKҵPWăQJJLiWUӏ biên (margin) Qj\OrQÿӇFyWKӇJLҧPPӭFQăQJOѭӧQJWUX\ӅQWҧL[XӕQJWKҩSKѫQ GүQÿӃQWӕLѭXQăQJOѭӧQJWLrXWKөKѫQ
6ѫÿӗÿҫ\ÿӫFӫDWKXұWWRiQ$'5ÿmÿѭӧFWKrPKjPWӕLѭXÿѭӧFP{WҧWKHRVѫÿӗVDX
ĈiQKJLiJLҧLSKiS
ӬQJGөQJSKkQWtFKGӳOLӋX
Trong nghiên FӭXQj\PӝWӭQJGөQJSKkQWtFKGӳOLӋXÿѫQJLҧQ VӁÿѭӧF SKiWWULӇQYӟLPөFÿtFKOѭXWUӳGӳOLӋXYӅFKҩWOѭӧQJNK{QJNKtYjFiFWK{QJVӕ WUX\ӅQWҧLGӳOLӋXWURQJPҥQJ/R5D:$1 TM 1KѭÿѭӧFP{WҧWURQJNLӃQWU~FKӋ WKӕQJӣWUrQWKuӭQJGөQJVӁJӗPEDWKjQKSKҫQFKtQKOj
- 3KkQWtFKGӳOLӋX VӱGөQJQӅQWҧQJ1RGH-5HGÿӇKLӋQWKӵF
- /ѭXWUӳGӳOLӋXVӱGөQJFѫVӣGӳOLӋX WKHRWKӡLJLDQ Influxdata
- +LӇQWKӏGӳOLӋXVӱGөQJӭQJGөQJ&KURQRJUDIÿӇWuPNLӃPYjKLӇQWKӏ GӳOLӋXWKHRELӇXÿӗ ӬQJGөQJQj\ÿѭӧF[k\GӵQJ WUrQQӅQWҧQJ1RGH-5HGPӝWQӅQWҧQJ OұS trình theo OXӗQJFKRFiFӭQJGөQJ,R7ĈѭӧF[k\GӵQJWUrQQRGHMVFyFiFSKҫQ PӣUӝQJKӛWUӧWѭѫQJWiFYӟLFiFWKjQKSKҫQQKѭSKҫQFӭQJPi\FKӫÿiPPk\, FѫVӣGӳOLӋXô 6ӱGөQJQӅQWҧQJQj\JL~SFKRYLӋFOұSWUuQKWUӣQrQÿѫQJLҧQ KѫQNKLPӑLYLӋFFKӭFQăQJ ÿӅX FyWKӇ KRjQWKjQKWUrQWUuQKGX\ӋW
3KҫQSKkQWtFKGӳOLӋXOjTXDQWUӑQJQKҩWÿӕLYӟLӭQJGөQJQj\YLӋFVӱGөQJ Node-5HGJL~SFKRKLӋQWKӵFFiFFKӭFQăQJFӫDKӋWKӕQJKRjQWRjQÿѫQJLҧQYj WUӵFTXDQTrong SKҫQSKkQWtFKQj\WKuEDRJӗP các QKLӋPYө là phân tích và OѭXWUӳ các thông tin FӫD WKLӃWEӏFKҩWOѭӧQJNK{QJNKtWK{QJVӕWUX\ӅQWҧLWURQJ LoRaWAN TM
&ѫVӣGӳOLӋXWKHRWKӡLJLDQ,QIOX[GDWDKӛWUӧOѭXWUӳGӳOLӋXYjJRPQKyP GӵDWUrQWK{QJWLQÿROѭӡQJPHDVXUHPHQW WK{QJWLQQj\JL~SFKRYLӋFWUX\YҩQ FNJQJQKѭWәFKӭFGӳOLӋXÿѭӧFWKӕQJQKҩW
'ӳ OLӋX WUX\ӅQ WҧL WURQJ KӋ WKӕQJ PҥQJ /R5D:$1 TM FӫD The Things Network ÿӅXÿѭӧFPmKRiWKjQKNLӇXEDVHQrQFҫQSKҧLJLҧLPmGӳOLӋXWUѭӟFNKLFyWKӇWUtFKOӑFWK{QJWLQ 6ѫÿӗWKӇKLӋQFiFEѭӟFSKkQWtFKGӳOLӋXÿѭӧFWKӇKLӋQWURQJKuQKVDX
Hình 24 6ѫÿӗKRҥWÿӝQJ WURQJӭQJGөQJSKkQWtFKGӳOLӋX
'ӳOLӋXWURQJӭQJGөQJÿѭӧFOѭXWUӳWURQJFѫVӣGӳOLӋXYӅWKӡLJLDQWLPH series) QrQVӁFҫQPӝWӭQJGөQJFyNKҧQăQJWUX\YҩQYjKLӇQWKӏGӳOLӋXWKHR
WKӡLJLDQĈLFQJYӟLFѫVӣGӳOLӋX WKHRWKӡLJLDQ ,QIOX[GDWDÿyOjӭQJGөQJKLӇQ
WKӏGӳOLӋX&KURQRJUDIKӛWUӧWUX\YҩQYjKLӇQWKӏWK{QJWLQPӝWFiFKWUӵFTXDQ
TXDFiFEҧQJYjELӇXÿӗ TҩWFҧFiFWKӱQJKLӋPYjÿiQKJLiNӃWTXҧQJKLrQFӭX
WURQJFKѭѫQJWLӃSWKHRVӁVӱGөQJFiFELӇXÿӗGӵDWUrQӭQJGөQJQj\
'ѭӟLÿk\OjPӝWELӇXÿӗPүXÿѭӧFWҥRUDEӣLӭQJGөQJ&KURQRJUDI
Hình 25 %LӇXÿӗPүXFӫDӭQJGөQJ&KURQRJUDI
&KѭѫQJ ӃWTXҧ7KӱQJKLӋP 7әQJNӃW
TroQJSKҫQWKӱQJKLӋPQJKLrQFӭXPXӕQWұSWUXQJYjRÿiQKJLiNKҧQăQJ WӕLѭXQăQJOѭӧQJFNJQJQKѭWuPUDKҥQFKӃFӫDJLҧLSKiS Các thӱQJKLӋP GѭӟL ÿk\KRjQWRjQÿѭӟFWLӃQKjQK trong WKӵFWӃ, KDLWKjQKSKҫQFKtQKOjWKLӃWEӏWUXQJ WkPJDWHZD\YjWKLӃWEӏFҧPELӃQÿѭӧFWKLӃWOұSQKѭP{WҧWLӃSWKHRWURQJWҩW FҧFiFWKӱQJKLӋP
7KLӃWEӏWUXQJWkPJDWHZD\ÿѭӧFÿһWӣYӏWUtFDR KѫQ 20 mét VRYӟLPһWÿҩW, NӃWQӕLYӟLLQWHUQHWWK{QJTXDVyQJ:L-Fi, và cҩXKuQKVӱGөQJNrQKWURQJEăQJ WҫQ(80+]Oj
7KLӃWEӏFҧPELӃQÿѭӧFWKLӃWOұSWUѭӟFFiFWK{QJWLQQKѭVDX
- &ҩXKuQKWK{QJWLQ'HY(8,AppEUI, và AppKey ÿӇWӵÿӝQJMRLQvào PҥQJTXD cѫFKӃ OTAA
- &ҩXKuQKQăQJOѭӧQJWUX\ӅQWҧLEDQÿҫX16 dBm
- *ӱLGӳOLӋX WKHRFѫFKӃNK{QJFҫQ[iFQKұQXQFRQILUP
- ĈѭӧFFҩSQJXӗQEҵQJPӝWSLQ9± 2000mAh ĈLӋQQăQJWLrXWKөFӫDWKLӃWEӏ WURQJFiFWKӱQJKLӋP ÿѭӧFÿRÿҥFEҵQJÿӗQJ
TKӱQJKLӋPcó PөFWLrXÿRÿҥFÿLӋQQăQJWLrXWKөFӫDJLҧLSKiSWӕLѭXVR YӟLFѫFKӃ$'5 sҹQFyFӫD FӫD771 WURQJÿLӅXNLӋQNKRҧQJFiFKJLDRWLӃSJҫQ 7KLӃWOұSWURQJWKӱQJKLӋPQj\VӁWKӕQJQKҩWQKѭsau:
- 7KLӃWEӏFҧPELӃQÿѭӧFÿһWFiFK[DWKLӃWEӏWUXQJWkP (gateway) 5 mét
- ӃWWK~FWKӱQJKLӋPNKLSLQ là 0%, NK{QJFzQNKҧQăQJFҩSQJXӗQFKR WKLӃWEӏFҧPELӃQ
ӃWTXҧFӫDWKӱQJKLӋPÿѭӧFP{WҧWKHRELӇX ÿӗVDX:
Hình 26 %LӇXÿӗNӃWTXҧWKӵFQJKLӋP
'ӵDYjRNӃWTXҧWKӵFQJKLӋPWUrQFyWKӇU~WUDFiFÿiQKJLiVDX
- 7KӡLJLDQKRҥWÿӝQJFӫDWKLӃWEӏFҧPELӃQVӱGөQJJLҧLSKiSWӕLѭXFy WKӡLOѭӧQJOkXKѫQVRYӟLWKXұWWRiQJӕF
- 6ӕOѭӧQJGӳOLӋXQKұQÿѭӧF ӣWKLӃWEӏWUXQJWkPJDWHZD\ FNJQJQKLӅX KѫQWѭѫQJӭQJYӟLWKӡLJLDQVӕQJ
- 7ӍOӋPҩWJyLFӫDJLҧLSKiSÿӅUDKRjQWRjQWѭѫQJÿѭѫQJVRYӟLWKXұW WRiQJӕF
- &KrQKOӋFKYӅQăQJOѭӧQJWUX\ӅQWҧLOj14 dBm, WKHRQKѭWKXұWWRiQ thì FyWKӇ WLӃWNLӋPÿѭӧF7.6 mA PӛLOҫQWUX\ӅQGӳOLӋu
- *LiWUӏ trung bình WKӵFWӃ FyVDLVӕWKHRWKLӃWEӏ khi JӱLGӳOLӋX ÿѭӧF ÿR ÿҥF EҵQJ ÿӗQJKӗlà:
Battery Life (hours) Loss Rate (%) Spreading Facor Transmit Power
*LҧLSKiSWӕLѭXWLrXWӕQ P$ÿӇWUX\ӅQGӳOLӋX
7KXұWWRiQJӕFWLrXWӕQP$ÿӇWUX\ӅQWҧL
6ӵELӃQÿӝQJFӫDdӳOLӋXWK{QJVӕWUX\ӅQWҧL FQJYӟLNӃWTXҧWKӱ QJKLӋP này trong WӯQJ WUѭӡQJKӧSÿѭӧFWәQJTXiWqua hai hình sau:
Hình 27 .ӃWTXҧgLҧLWKXұWJӕF trong WKӱ QJKLӋP
Hình 28 .ӃWTXҧJLҧLSKiSWӕLѭXWURQJWKӱ QJKLӋP
7KӱQJKLӋPVӕKDLQKҵPÿiQKJLiYӅNKҧQăQJWӕLѭXQăQJOѭӧQJWURQJSKҥP vi 20 PpW7KӱQJKLӋPQj\ÿѭӧFP{WҧQKѭVDX
- 7KLӃWEӏFҧPELӃQÿѭӧFÿһWFiFKWKLӃWEӏWUXQJWkP(gateway) YӟLNKRҧQJ cách là 20 mét
- 7KӱQJKLӋPQj\WLӃQKjQK WURQJWKӡLJLDQQJҳQ ÿӇVRViQKJLiWUӏFӫD QKkQWӕODQWUX\ӅQ6)YjQăQJOѭӧQJWUX\ӅQWҧL
- 0{LWUѭӡQJWKӱQJKLӋPWURQJWKjQKSKӕYjFyQKLӅXYұWFҧQ
.ӃWTXҧFӫDWKӱQJKLӋPÿѭӧFP{WҧWKHRELӇXÿӗVDX
'ӵDYjRNӃWTXҧWKӵFQJKLӋPWUrQFyWKӇU~WUDFiFÿiQKJLiVDX
- KRҧQJFiFKPpWOjWҫPKRҥWÿӝQJPjJLҧLSKiSYүQFzQFyWKӇWӕL ѭXQăQJOѭӧQJWLrXWKө
- 0ӭF QăQJOѭӧQJ ÿѭӧFWӕLѭXEҵQJJLҧLSKiS trong WKӱ QJKLӋPOjG%P
- *LiWUӏWUXQJEuQKWKӵFWӃFyVDLVӕWKHRWKLӃWEӏNKL JӱLGӳOLӋXÿѭӧF ÿRÿҥFEҵQJ ÿӗQJKӗlà:
Loss Rate (%) Spreading Facor Transmit Power (dBm) Data Received (packages)
Thông WLQYӅGӳOLӋXFNJQJQKѭ VӵWKD\ÿәLFӫD WK{QJVӕWUX\ӅQWҧL trong WKӱ QJKLӋPÿѭӧFWKӇKLӋQTXD hai hình sau:
Hình 30 .ӃWTXҧJLҧLWKXұWJӕFWURQJWKӱ QJKLӋP
Hình 31 .ӃWTXҧJLҧLSKiSWӕLѭXWURQJWKӱQJKLӋP
ThӱQJKLӋPWKӭba QKҵPPөFWLrXÿiQKJLiKLӋXTXҧWӕLѭXFӫDJLҧLSKiS YӟLNKRҧQJFiFK[D TKӱQJKLӋPQj\WKuÿѭӧFP{WҧQKѭVDX
- 7KLӃWEӏFҧPELӃQÿѭӧFÿһWFiFKWKLӃWEӏtrung tâm (gateway) YӟLNKRҧQJ FiFKOҫQOѭӧWOj 200 mét, 500 mét, 650 mét, và 700 mét
- 0{LWUѭӡQJWKӱQJKLӋPWURQJWKjQKSKӕYjFyQKLӅXYұWFҧQ
KӃWTXҧWKӱQJKLӋP FӫDFҧKDL JLҧLSKiS ÿѭӧFP{WҧWheo PӝWELӇX ÿӗVDX
'ӵDYjRNӃWTXҧWKӱQJKLӋPWKuFyWKӇU~WUDFiFÿiQKJLiQKѭVDX
- ӢNKRҧQJFiFK Wӯ 200 mét ÿӃQPpW, JLiWUӏFӫDWK{QJVӕ566,ÿm YѭӧWUDQJRjLNKRҧQJWӕLѭXFӫDJLҧLSKiS
- *LiWUӏWKҩSQKҩWPjWKLӃWEӏWUXQJWkPJDWHZD\FyWKӇQKұQÿѭӧFGӳ OLӋXOj-113 dBm
- KҧQăQJWUX\ӅQ QKұQ GӳOLӋXFӫDWKLӃWEӏFҧPELӃQKRjQWRjQFyWKӇ KRҥWÿӝQJÿѭӧFWURQJWҫP[D OrQÿӃQ00 mét
- 9ӟLNKRҧQJFiFKWUrQPpWWKuWKLrWEӏFҧPELӃQNK{QJWKӇJLDQKұS PҥQJQrQNK{QJWKӇWUX\ӅQGӳOLӋXYӅWKLӃWEӏWUXQJWkPJDWHZD\
Loss Rate (%) Total Received (packages)
.KRҧQJFiFKJLӳDWKLӃWEӏFҧPELӃQYjWKLӃWEӏWUXQJWkPJDWHZD\ và các ÿLӇPWKӱQJKLӋP ÿѭӧFWKӇKLӋQӣEҧQÿӗVDX
'ӳOLӋXFӫDWӯQJWUѭӡQJKӧSWURQJWKӱ QJKLӋPQj\ÿѭӧFWKӇKLӋQӣcác hình sau:
Hình 34 .ӃWTXҧFӫD NKRҧQJFiFKPpWWURQJ WKӱQJKLӋP
Hình 35 .ӃWTXҧFӫDNKRҧQJFiFKPpWWURQJ WKӱQJKLӋP
Hình 36 .ӃWTXҧFӫDNKRҧQJFiFKPpWWURQJ WKӱQJKLӋP
Hình 37 .ӃWTXҧFӫDNKRҧQJFiFKPpWWURQJ WKӱQJKLӋP
LXұQYăQÿmQJKLrQFӭXYjÿѭDUDJLҧLSKiSWӕLѭXKRiQăQJOѭӧQJWLrXWKө WUrQFiFWKLӃWEӏJLDRWLӃSWҫP[D WURQJEjLWRiQPҥQJFҧPELӃQNK{QJGk\Vӱ GөQJF{QJQJKӋ/RRa TM YjJLDRWKӭFPҥQJ/R5D:$1 TM 1JKLrQFӭXFNJQJÿm [k\GӵQJPӝWKӋWKӕQJPүXEDRJӗPÿҫ\ÿӫFiFWKjQKSKҫQWURQJPӝWPҥQJ FҧPELӃQNK{QJGk\VӱGөQJ/R5D:$1 TM EDRJӗPWKLӃWEӏFҧPELӃQWKLӃWEӏ WUXQJWkPJDWHZD\Pi\FKӫ PҥQJ LoRaWAN TM , và ӭQJGөQJSKkQWtFKGӳ OLӋX
'ӵDWUrQFiFP{WҧFNJQJQKѭWKӱQJKLӋPӣFiFSKҫQWUrQWKuFyJLҧLSKiS ÿѭӧFÿѭDUDFyQKӳQJѭXÿLӇPVDX
- ĈѭӧFKLӋQWKӵFӣPi\FKӫ PҥQJ LoRaWAN TM QrQNK{QJJLӟLKҥQFiF WKLӃWEӏFҧPELӃQ
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[24] Electrical calculators, https://www.rapidtables.com/calc/electric
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[30] S76SXB, https://techship.com/products/acsip-lorawan-evk-antenna-kit- s76sxb
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[33] Digital Ocean, https://www.digitalocean.com
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