BREAST CANCER – CURRENT AND ALTERNATIVE THERAPEUTIC MODALITIES pdf

BREAST CANCER – CURRENT AND ALTERNATIVE THERAPEUTIC MODALITIES Edited by Esra Gunduz and Mehmet Gunduz Breast Cancer – Current and Alternative Therapeutic Modalities Edited by Esra Gunduz and Mehmet Gunduz Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia Copyright © 2011 InTech All chapters are Open Access articles distributed under the Creative Commons Non Commercial Share Alike Attribution 3.0 license, which permits to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt the work in any medium, so long as the original work is properly cited. After this work has been published by InTech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication, referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source. Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published articles. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book. Publishing Process Manager Silvia Vlase Technical Editor Teodora Smiljanic Cover Designer Jan Hyrat Image Copyright Serdar Tibet, 2011. Used under license from Shutterstock.com First published October, 2011 Printed in Croatia A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com Additional hard copies can be obtained from orders@intechweb.org Breast Cancer – Current and Alternative Therapeutic Modalities, Edited by Esra Gunduz and Mehmet Gunduz p. cm. ISBN 978-953-307-776-5 free online editions of InTech Books and Journals can be found at www.intechopen.com Contents Preface IX Part 1 Targeting Signaling Pathways and Extracellular Matrix 1 Chapter 1 Novel Therapeutic Strategies and Combinations for HER2-Overexpressing Breast Cancer 3 Sylvia Shabaya and Rita Nahta Chapter 2 Therapeutic Targeting of Osteopontin in Breast Cancer Cells 23 Gopal C. Kundu, Supriya Saraswati, Megha Sanyal, Anuradha Bulbule, Anuja Ramdasi, Dhiraj Kumar, Reeti Behera, Mansoor Ahmed, Goutam Chakraborty, Vinit Kumar, Shalini Jain, Gowrishankar S. and Pompom Ghosh Chapter 3 Targeting Cas Family Proteins as a Novel Treatment for Breast Cancer 37 Joerg Kumbrink and Kathrin H. Kirsch Chapter 4 Breast Cancer and Current Therapeutic Approaches: From Radiation to Photodynamic Therapy 63 Peter Ferenc, Peter Solár, Jaromír Mikeš, Ján Kovaľ and Peter Fedoročko Part 2 Anti-Tumor Compounds 89 Chapter 5 Boron Compounds in the Breast Cancer Cells Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy 91 Ion Romulus Scorei Chapter 6 Benzo-Fused Seven- and Six-Membered Derivatives Linked to Pyrimidines or Purines Induce Apoptosis of Human Metastatic Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells In Vitro 115 Joaquín M. Campos, M. Carmen Núñez, Ana Conejo-García and Olga Cruz-López VI Contents Chapter 7 The Analogues of DNA Minor-Groove Binders as Antineoplastic Compounds 133 Danuta Drozdowska Chapter 8 Fractionation and Characterization of Bioactive Components in Kefir Mother Culture that Inhibit Proliferation of Cultured MCF-7 Human Breast-Cancer Cells 149 Chujian Chen, Hing Man Chan and Stan Kubow Part 3 Targeting Coagulation Factor VII 173 Chapter 9 Factor VII-Targeted Photodynamic Therapy for Breast Cancer and Its Therapeutic Potential for Other Solid Cancers and Leukemia 175 Zhiwei Hu Chapter 10 Ectopic Synthesis of Coagulation Factor VII in Breast Cancer Cells: Mechanisms, Functional Correlates, and Potential for a New Therapeutic Target 197 Shiro Koizume and Yohei Miyagi Part 4 Use of Herbal Medicine and Derivatives 213 Chapter 11 Lunasin, a New Breast Cancer Chemopreventive Seed Peptide 215 Chia-Chien Hsieh, Blanca Hernández-Ledesma and Ben O. de Lumen Chapter 12 Experimental Therapeutics in Breast Cancer Cells 243 Weena Jiratchariyakul and Tanawan Kummalue Chapter 13 Red American Ginseng and Breast Cancer 269 Chong-Zhi Wang, Guang-Jian Du and Chun-Su Yuan Chapter 14 Synthesis and In Vitro Screening of Novel Heterocyclic Compounds as Potential Breast Cancer Agents 283 Narsimha Reddy Penthala, Thirupathi Reddy Yerramreddy, Nikhil Reddy Madadi, Vijayakumar Sonar and Peter A. Crooks Chapter 15 The Beneficial Effects of Nutritional Compounds on Breast Cancer Metastasis 295 Jeffrey D. Altenburg and Rafat A. Siddiqui Chapter 16 Legume-Derived Bioactive Compounds for the Prevention and Treatment of Breast Cancer 319 Graziella Joanitti, Sonia Freitas and Ricardo Azevedo Contents VII Part 5 Novel Therapeutics: Gene Therapy, Nanoparticles, Experimental Therapeutics 345 Chapter 17 Nanobody, New Agent for Combating Against Breast Cancer Cells 347 Fatemeh Rahbarizadeh, Fatemeh Rahimi Jamnani and Farnoush Jafari Iri-Sofla Chapter 18 Experimental Therapeutics for the Treatment of Triple Negative Breast Cancer 371 Julian Dzeyk, Babasaheb Yadav and Rhonda J. Rosengren Chapter 19 New Experimental Therapies Targetting Breast Cancer Cell 395 Di Benedetto Melanie Chapter 20 Future Therapeutic Strategies: Implications for Brk Targeting 413 Amanda Harvey and Rajpal Burmi Chapter 21 Immunoliposomes: A Multipurpose Strategy in Breast Cancer Targeted Therapy 435 Enrique Barrajón-Catalán, María P. Menéndez-Gutiérrez, Alberto Falcó, Miguel Saceda, Angela Catania and Vicente Micol Chapter 22 Treatment of Breast Cancer Lytic Skeletal Metastasis Using a Model in Nude Rats 453 Michael Zepp, Tobias J. Bäuerle, Victoria Elazar, Jenny Peterschmitt, Rinat Lifshitz-Shovali, Hassan Adwan, Franz P. Armbruster, Gershon Golomb and Martin R. Berger Chapter 23 Inhibition of Tumor Growth and Metastasis by a Combination of Anti-VEGF-C and Enhanced IL-12 Therapy in an Immunocompetent Mouse Mammary Cancer Model 489 Masa-Aki Shibata, Junji Morimoto, Eiko Shibata, Mariko Harada-Shiba and Shigekazu Fujioka Part 6 Drug Resistance 503 Chapter 24 Roles and Mechanisms of Estrogen and Estrogen Receptors in Breast Cancer Resistant to Chemotherapy 505 Weimin Fan and Meihua Sui Chapter 25 Tamoxifen Resistant Breast Cancer and Autophagy 523 Grey A. Wilkinson, Adam N. Elwi and Sung-Woo Kim Preface Cancer is the leading cause of death in most countries and continues to increase mainly because of the aging and growth of the world population as well as habitation of cancer-causing behaviors such as smoking and alcohol. Based on statistics of the GLOBOCAN 2008, about 12.7 million cancer cases and 7.6 million cancer deaths are estimated to have occurred in 2008 (Siegel et al. Ca Cancer J Clin 61:212-236, 2011). Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among females, accounting for 23% of the total cancer cases and 14% of the cancer deaths. Thus cancer researches, especially breast cancer, are important to overcome both economical and physiological burden. The current book on breast cancer aims at providing information about recent clinical and basic researches in the field. The book includes chapters written by well-known authors, who are worldwide experts in their research areas and mainly covers therapeutic applications in breast cancer. Other topics covered in this book are: therapeutic modalities targeting signaling pathways, coagulation factor VII as well as extracellular matrix, use of anti- tumor compounds, use of herbal medicine and derivatives as well as application of alternative medicine, and recent novel therapies including gene therapy, nanoparticles as well as other experimental methods, and finally, the issue of chemoresistance is also discussed. We hope that the book will serve as a good guide for the scientists, researchers and educators in the field. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Esra Gunduz Prof. Dr. Mehmet Gunduz Fatih University Medical School Turkey [...]... HER2-overexpressing breast cancer The insulin-like growth factor receptor I (IGF-IR) is a heterotrimeric transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor that regulates cell metabolism and growth (Chaves, 2010), and has 8 Breast Cancer – Current and Alternative Therapeutic Modalities been associated with increased risk and maintenance of multiple cancers including HER2overexpressing breast cancer (Esparis-Ogando, 2008;... trastuzumab and vinorelbine in pre-treated patients with HER2overexpressing metastatic breast cancer Breast Cancer Res Treat, Vol 125, No 2, (January 2011), pp 447-55 18 Breast Cancer – Current and Alternative Therapeutic Modalities Jin Q & Esteva FJ (2008) Cross-talk between the ErbB/HER family and the type I insulinlike growth factor receptor signaling pathway in breast cancer J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia,... angiogenesis and metastasis in breast cancer OPN is detected in many biological fluids like plasma of metastatic breast cancer patients, urine, milk and seminal fluids The ligation of OPN to its receptors stimulates a cascade of signalling pathways which cross talk and foster neoplastic growth in breast cancer (Rangaswami et al, 2006) 26 Breast Cancer – Current and Alternative Therapeutic Modalities Fig 1 Schematic... Gowrishankar S and Pompom Ghosh 1Present Address: H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, FL 2Present Address: University of Virginia, VA 3Present Address: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, NY 4Present Address: H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, FL 5PresentAddress: The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, TX USA * 24 Breast Cancer – Current and Alternative Therapeutic. .. HER-2-targeting antibodies trastuzumab and pertuzumab synergistically inhibit the survival of breast cancer cells Cancer Res Vol 64, No 7, (2004 Apr 1), pp 2343-6 20 Breast Cancer – Current and Alternative Therapeutic Modalities Nahta R, Takahashi T, Ueno NT, Hung MC, & Esteva FJ (2004b) P27(kip1) down-regulation is associated with trastuzumab resistance in breast cancer cells Cancer Res, Vol 64, No 11, (June... human breast epithelium Apart from mutations in tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes, breast cancer is also associated with the presence of ER and PR Breast cancers are sub-divided into four groups based on IHC profile of ER/PR and Her2/neu expression: luminal A (ER and/ or PR +ve, HER2 –ve), luminal B (ER and/ or PR +ve, HER2 +ve), HER2 positive (ER and PR -ve, HER2 +ve) and triple negative (all –ve)... level and reduced cyclin E-associated kinase activity (Mittendorf, 2010) In addition, HER2-overexpressing breast cancers that also show increased cyclin E expression have lower 5 year disease-free survival versus those that have lower cyclin E levels (Mittendorf, 2010) Recently, cyclin E overexpression 12 Breast Cancer – Current and Alternative Therapeutic Modalities in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer. .. Therapeutic Modalities Bcl2 and cyclin D1 expressions Our data also revealed that OPN augments breast cancer cell migration, angiogenesis and tumor growth through induction of VEGF expression Thus, targeting OPN and its regulated signalling cascade may develop an effective therapeutic approach for the management of breast cancer 2 General features of breast cancer The critical features that define cancer. .. antibody-mediated effects on p27, cyclin D1, and antitumor action Cancer Res Vol 62, No 14, (2002 Jul 15), pp 4132-41 22 Breast Cancer – Current and Alternative Therapeutic Modalities Yang XH, Flores LM, Li Q, Zhou P, Xu F, Krop IE, & Hemler ME (2010) Disruption of laminin-integrin-CD151-focal adhesion kinase axis sensitizes breast cancer cells to ErbB2 antagonists Cancer Res Vol 70, No 6, (2010 Mar 15), pp 2256-63... trastuzumab resistance in breast cancer Cancer Cell Vol 12, No 4, (2007 Oct), pp 395-402 Blackwell KL, Burstein HJ, Storniolo AM, Rugo H, Sledge G, Koehler M, Ellis C, Casey M, Vukelja S, Bischoff J, Baselga J, O'Shaughnessy J (2010) Randomized study of Lapatinib alone or in combination with trastuzumab in women with ErbB2- 16 Breast Cancer – Current and Alternative Therapeutic Modalities positive, trastuzumab-refractory . BREAST CANCER – CURRENT AND ALTERNATIVE THERAPEUTIC MODALITIES Edited by Esra Gunduz and Mehmet Gunduz Breast Cancer – Current and Alternative Therapeutic Modalities. metabolism and growth (Chaves, 2010), and has Breast Cancer – Current and Alternative Therapeutic Modalities 8 been associated with increased risk and maintenance of multiple cancers including. orders@intechweb.org Breast Cancer – Current and Alternative Therapeutic Modalities, Edited by Esra Gunduz and Mehmet Gunduz p. cm. ISBN 978-953-307-776-5 free online editions of InTech Books and Journals