newnes sensor technology handbook 2005 yyepg lotb potx

[...]... indices of sensor technology Manufacturers are listed by sensor type The other contributors and I have attempted to provide a useful handbook with technical explanations that are clear, simple and thorough We will also attempt to keep it updated as the technology advances Jon S Wilson Chandler, Arizona October, 2004 ix This page intentionally left blank CHAPTER 1 Sensor Fundamentals 1.1 Basic Sensor Technology. .. Photodiode Passive Current Force/Pressure Figure 1.2.2: Typical sensors and their outputs A logical way to classify sensors—and the method used throughout the remainder of this book—is with respect to the physical property the sensor is designed to measure Thus, we have temperature sensors, force sensors, pressure sensors, motion sensors, etc However, sensors which measure different properties may have the... 1.2.4: Standardization at the digital interface using smart sensors 19 Chapter 1 Pressure Sensor, RTD, Thermocouple, Strain Gage, etc Precision Amplifier High Resolution ADC Sensor Microcontroller Figure 1.2.5: Basic elements in a smart sensor Pressure Sensor, RTD, Thermocouple, Strain Gage, etc MicroConverter™ ! Sensor Figure 1.2.6: The even smarter sensor 20 CHAPTER 2 Application Considerations Jon Wilson,... circuits which are truly smart sensor data acquisition systems (high-performance data conversion circuits, microcontroller, Flash memory) on a single chip (see Figure 1.2.6) NODE NODE DEVICE NETWORK SMART SENSOR NODE NODE SMART SENSOR FIELD NETWORK SMART SENSOR BRANCH SMART SENSORS OFFER: � Self-Calibration � Linearization � Interchangeability � Standard Digital Interfaces SMART SENSOR Figure 1.2.4: Standardization... certain sensor performance parameters Potential new users of such a sensor must recognize this situation and interpret things reasonably Odd definitions may be encountered here and there, and most sensor data sheets are missing some pieces of information that are of interest to particular applications Sensor Performance Characteristics Definitions The following are some of the more important sensor characteristics:... sheet Bandwidth The bandwidth of this sensor depends on choices of external capacitors and resistors Introduction to Sensor Electronics The electronics that go along with the physical sensor element are often very important to the overall device The sensor electronics can limit the performance, cost, and range of applicability If carried out properly, the design of the sensor electronics can allow the optimal... TRANSDUCERS: Convert One Type of Energy into Another The Terms are often Interchanged Active Sensors Require an External Source of Excitation: RTDs, Strain-Gages Passive (Self-Generating) Sensors do not: Thermocouples, Photodiodes, Piezoelectrics Figure 1.2.1: Sensor overview 16 Sensor Fundamentals PROPERTY SENSOR ACTIVE/PASSIVE OUTPUT Temperature Thermocouple Passive Voltage Silicon Active Voltage/Current... and every sensor in use today, we attempted to provide as broad a range of sensor types and applications as possible The latest technologies, from piezo materials to micro and nano sensors to wireless networks, are discussed, as well as the tried and true methodologies In addition, information on design, interfacing and signal conditioning is given for each sensor type Organized primarily by sensor application,... Sensor Decade.” With a dramatic increase in sensor R&D and applications over the past 15 years, sensors are certainly poised on the brink of a revolution similar to that experienced in microcomputers in the 1980s Just in automobiles alone, sensing needs are growing by leaps and bounds, and the sensing technologies used are as varied as the applications Tremendous advances have been made in sensor technology. .. for the use of sensors in a wide variety of products In addition, since the output of the sensor is an electrical signal, sensors tend to be characterized in the same way as electronic devices The data sheets for many sensors are formatted just like electronic product data sheets However, there are many formats in existence, and there is nothing close to an international standard for sensor specifications . TeAM YYePG Digitally signed by TeAM YYePG DN: cn=TeAM YYePG, c=US, o=TeAM YYePG, ou=TeAM YYePG, email =yyepg@ msn.com Reason: I attest to the accuracy and integrity of this document Date: 2005. 05.31. this document Date: 2005. 05.31 00:16:46 +08'00' Sensor Technology Handbook This page intentionally left blank Sensor Technology Handbook Editor-in-Chief Jon S. Wilson AMSTERDAM • BOSTON. 6: Biosensors 161 6.1 Overview: What Is a Biosensor? 161 6.2 Applications of Biosensors 164 6.3 Origin of Biosensors 168 6.4 Bioreceptor Molecules 169 6.5 Transduction Mechanisms in Biosensors