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[...]... University Sichuan, China Bar- Cohen : Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies 3163_C000 Final Proof page xvi 26.9.2005 8:20pm Bar- Cohen : Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies 3163_C000 Final Proof page xvii 26.9.2005 8:20pm Contents 1 Introduction to Biomimetics: The Wealth of Inventions in Nature as an Inspiration for Human Innovation 1 Yoseph Bar- Cohen 2 Biological Mechanisms... Germany Department of Mechanical Engineering, Centre for Biomimetics and Natural Technologies, University of Bath, Bath, U.K Duke University, Durham, NC Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan Bar- Cohen : Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies 3163_C000 Final Proof page xii 26.9.2005 8:20pm Bar- Cohen : Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies 3163_C000 Final Proof page xiii 26.9.2005... Rainer Stahlberg and Minoru Taya 20 Biomimetics: Reality, Challenges, and Outlook 495 Yoseph Bar- Cohen Index 515 Bar- Cohen : Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies DK3163_c001 Final Proof page 1 21.9.2005 6:40pm 1 Introduction to Biomimetics: The Wealth of Inventions in Nature as an Inspiration for Human Innovation Yoseph Bar- Cohen CONTENTS 1.1 Introduction ... final system level This Bar- Cohen : Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies DK3163_c001 Final Proof page 10 10 21.9.2005 6:40pm Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies Figure 1.4 Self-assembly of large numbers of MEMS parts into two- and three-dimensional arrays of engineered crystals (Courtesy of Babak Amir Parviz, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.) biologically inspired characteristic... simplistic imitations of electro-mechanized toys such as dogs that walk and bark, frogs that swim, and such others However, while we have copied or adapted many of nature’s solutions Bar- Cohen : Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies 4 DK3163_c001 Final Proof page 4 21.9.2005 6:40pm Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies an enormous number of mysteries remain unravelled Humans have... decomposing meat Such characteristics are critical for these plants to attract flies, rather than bees, to pollinate their flowers Bar- Cohen : Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies 6 DK3163_c001 Final Proof page 6 21.9.2005 6:40pm Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies Figure 1.2 The Sensitive Fern (O sensibilis form the Woodsiaceae family of plants) has its leaves open (left) until... Gardner, 1983) Later, using powerful computers, the study expanded into ‘‘organisms’’ in the Life universe with some starting at random Bar- Cohen : Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies 8 DK3163_c001 Final Proof page 8 21.9.2005 6:40pm Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies patterns of cells seeking stable repeating patterns, or patterns that move like the gliders An interesting aspect of... 1.6.4 Fluorescence Materials in Fireflies and Road Signs 21 1.6.5 Impact Sensitive Paint Mimicking Bruised Skin 22 1 Bar- Cohen : Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies 2 DK3163_c001 Final Proof page 2 21.9.2005 6:40pm Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies 1.6.6 Mimicking Sea Creatures with Controlled Stiffness Capability 23 1.6.7 Biology as a Source for Unique Properties... inchworm) is illustrated schematically in Figure 1.7 showing steps that are made while progressing over the surface of objects such Bar- Cohen : Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies DK3163_c001 Final Proof page 12 12 21.9.2005 6:40pm Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies 1 Clamps Brake no 1 Brake no 1 Extender Brake no 2 Shaft 2 Extends and moves Brake no 2 3 Clamps Brake no 2 4 Retracts... ways of cooling down during the hot summer months (Figure 1.10) This simple tool used to be made of feathers, which copy the shape Bar- Cohen : Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies DK3163_c001 Final Proof page 14 14 21.9.2005 6:40pm Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies Figure 1.8 The honeycomb (left) and the nest of the wasp (right) are highly effective structures in terms of low weight . Achievement Award (2005). Bar- Cohen : Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies 3163_C000 Final Proof page vii 26.9.2005 8:20pm vii Bar- Cohen : Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies 3163_C000. University Sichuan, China Bar- Cohen : Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies 3163_C000 Final Proof page xv 26.9.2005 8:20pm Contributors xv Bar- Cohen : Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies. field are discussed. Bar- Cohen : Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies 3163_C000 Final Proof page v 26.9.2005 8:20pm v Bar- Cohen : Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies 3163_C000