sach giai de ielts writing 2024 by ngocbach

• Paragraph 2: first reason for total agreement: private companies only fund research into profitable areas – example: genetic engineering.. Nations should spend more money on skills and

Đề 30/01/24

Report Plan:

• Paraphrase paragraph: shows>illustrates; how drinking water is

produced>the process of producing drinking water; using>by means of

• Overview/summary paragraph: (1) the number of stages in the process (2)

refer to the first and last stages (beginning with and ending with )

• Paragraph 3: report on stages 1-3

• Paragraph 4: report on stages 4-7

At the next stage, water is pumped from the well up to a water tank, which is placed on a wooden platform Then, a filter inside the water tank is used to filter the water before it enters a pipe After filtering, the pipe carries the water down from the water tank and it

is now ready to drink Finally, a tap fixed to the pipe is used to fill moveable containers with the drinking water as people collect it

170 words

Task 2: Scientific research should be carried out by governments, rather than

private companies To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Essay Plan:

• Introduction: (1) convince the examiner that your answer will be relevant by referring to key words in the question (2) state your personal opinion clearly – totally agree

• Paragraph 2: first reason for total agreement: private companies only fund research into profitable areas – example: genetic engineering Competition among companies means that they do not share their findings with rivals and may ignore a careful, cautionary application of research

• Paragraph 3: second reason for total agreement: government research can be aimed at long-term social needs Some of this research will never result in any profit – examples: preventive medicine, pollution (river water quality) Contrast need for research by private companies to lead to short-term

profitable applications

• Conclusion: repeat clearly the answer: totally agree, again using key words from the task question

Essay:

The argument that scientific research should be conducted by private companies is

misguided and harmful While there are many people who support that argument, I totally

agree that governments should be responsible for all scientific research activity

Firstly, private corporations exist solely in order to make profits, and social needs are not

of any concern when they develop their research programmes For example, genetic

engineering is increasingly important in many areas, including agriculture and human health Research into GM crops in order to increase yields or to promote plant disease resistance is jealously guarded by rival companies In the race to produce super crops that will make a lot of money for the winning corporation, a precautionary approach to research

is simply an obstacle Thus, in the UK an NGO called GeneWatch tries to exert pressure

on government to ensure that the authorisation process to allow any GM product on the

market is rigorous

Secondly, government research can adopt policies aimed at meeting some social need in the long term, whereas the shareholders of private companies usually look for at least a quick annual return on their investments For private companies, therefore, it is essential

to fund research into areas which are most likely to yield a profit in the short term For

governments, lengthy scientific research into fields such as preventive medicine or how to improve the water quality of a river is unlikely to produce any profit at all Yet such

research may be considered socially necessary if the river is used for leisure, or if it is an

important habitat for some species of wildlife

In conclusion, I would argue that scientific research should be conducted in the public interest by governments, and not in the private interest by corporations

Example: Scientists have used genetic engineering to protect tomatoes against the

effects of freezing temperatures

• genetically-modified (GM) crops

Meaning: plants used in agriculture, the DNA of which has been modified using genetic engineering techniques

Example: There is a scientific consensus that currently available food derived from

genetically-modified crops poses no greater risk to human health than conventional

food

• to increase yields

Meaning: to increase the total amount of crops produced

Example: One of the reasons why GM technology was introduced into agriculture

was to increase yields of certain crops

• disease resistance

Meaning: the force not to be affected by some disease

Example: Genetic engineering can increase disease resistance in plants and,

potentially, in humans

Vocabulary from government:

• non-governmental organizations: NGOs

Meaning: a charity or association that is independent of government or business

Example: Individuals could donate money to NGOs to help others in need of

food, shelter and medical services

• to exert pressure on

Meaning: to use power to influence somebody or something

Example: Environmental organisations should exert pressure on governments

to invest in renewable energy projects

• to adopt policies

Meaning: to start to use particular policies

Example: In order to deal with traffic congestion, the government must

adopt policies to restrict the use of private cars.

Vocabulary from health:

• preventive medicine

Meaning: practices of healthcare intended to try to stop illnesses

Example: An emphasis on preventive medicine will result in a healthier

population and reduced costs for medical treatment

Other vocabulary:

• misguided [adjective]:

Meaning: wrong, because you have judged a situation incorrectly

Example: Based on the inaccurate information that he received, the general made a

misguided decision and lost the battle

• precautionary [adjective]:

Meaning: done in order to avoid danger or problems

Example: Doctors decided to keep him in hospital as a precautionary measure

• authorisation [noun]:

Meaning: the action of giving someone official permission to do something

Example: I will need your authorisation to cancel the flight, so please sign this document

• to yield [verb]:

Meaning: to produce or to provide something, such as a profit or a crop

Example: The apple tree was old and it no longer yielded apples of good quality

• Overview/summary paragraph: (1) Sweden had the highest number of

physicians and hospital beds per 1000 (2) Average length of stay in hospitals decreased in France and Sweden from 1980 to 2000

• Paragraph 3: select, report and compare data for physicians and hospital beds per 1000 people in all 3 countries

• Paragraph 4: select, report and compare data for the average number of days

in hospital in all 3 countries

Report:

The table compares data for physicians, hospital beds and average stay in hospitals from

1980 to 2000 in Austria, France and Sweden

Overall, Sweden had the highest figures for the numbers of physicians and hospital beds

per 1000 people The length of average stay in hospitals decreased in both France and Sweden over the period

In 1980, there were 0.8 physicians per 1000 people in Austria, compared with 2.4 in

France and 3.6 in Sweden In Austria this figure rose gradually to reach 1 per 1000

people in 2000, whereas in France it fell to 1.3 in 2000 The data for Sweden fell to 3 in

1990 and then rose to 3.8 per 1000 ten years later By contrast, hospital beds per 1000

people increased in all three countries The number increased eight times in France, from 0.2 to 1.6 over the period

Average stay in hospitals fell between 1980 and 1990, particularly in Austria from 18 to 6 days, before rising to 18 again in 2000 The figure for France fell steadily from 9 to 5

days over the period, while in Sweden the average was much higher at 23 days in 1980

and 21 days in 2000

199 words

Written by NgocBach

Writing task 2

Nations should spend more money on skills and vocational training for practical work, rather than on university education

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own

knowledge and experiences

Essay Plan:

• Introduction: opinion - countries need to fund both vocational/skills courses and university education

• Paragraph 2: advantages of vocational/skills training: (1) it is more

specialised, so trainees can get work quickly in specific areas (give examples); (2) gaps in the job market can be filled quickly as this training is shorter than university education

• Paragraph 3: need to continue investment in university courses – critical skills of graduates – they are flexible and adaptable in the workforce (give examples)

• Conclusion: diverse funding needed for all types of training and education

Essay:

In every country, the allocation of resources to invest in all types of education and training

should be high on the agenda However, while there are strong arguments for greater

investment in skills and vocational courses, I also believe that it would be a grave error to curb public spending on university education

There are two important reasons why countries should invest more money in skills and

vocational training for practical work Firstly, such training is generally more specific

than university degree courses, which may last for three or more years Trainees acquire

experience and skills in specialised areas of work, for example as chefs, mechanics or web-site designers As a result, in a short time they are able to put their knowledge gained into practice Secondly, socioeconomic changes are taking place at an increasingly rapid

pace, and gaps in the labour market need to be filled quickly Therefore, short skills and vocational courses provide immediate job prospects for trained workers to enter this volatile work environment

On the other hand, although such changes should be welcomed, countries should also

continue to spend money on higher education The major advantage of completing a degree

is that graduates develop critical thinking, analytical, creative and innovative skills No country can grow its economy without a workforce that is flexible and adaptable

University education covers a lot more ground than a vocational course and so, for instance, a history, philosophy or language graduate may contribute to such fields as journalism, publishing, research or teaching

In conclusion, I would argue that nations need to make the most of the potential of their

citizens, providing a diversity of funding for both vocational and skills training as well as

Meaning: to make money and materials available to do something

Example: If governments allocate more resources to improving public

transport, this will reduce the problem of traffic congestion in cities

• high on the agenda

Meaning: something which is among the first things in the list of actions to be taken

Example: The rehabilitation of prisoners must be high on the agenda of prison

authorities everywhere

• to curb public spending on

Meaning: to restrict what the government spends on something

Example: I would argue that it is preferable to curb public spending on

building new roads rather than to impose spending cuts on education

• to provide funding for

Meaning: to give money to enable something to be done

Example: Providing funding for health care must be a priority of governments.

Vocabulary from education:

• vocational courses

Meaning: courses which provide students with the skills and knowledge that they need to do a particular job

Example: Governments should extend the provision of vocational courses for those

who want to learn a trade, for example as electricians, plumbers, mechanics

• tertiary education/higher education

Meaning: education at college or university level

Example: Some school leavers prefer to start work rather than enter higher education

• to cover a lot of ground

Meaning: to deal with much information and many facts

Example: The history lecture covered a lot of ground today.

Vocabulary from work:

• to acquire experience/knowledge/skill:

Meaning: to gain experience/knowledge/skill by your own efforts or behavior

Example: Some school leavers prefer to acquire experience working in a chosen

profession rather than entering university

• to put knowledge gained into practice

Meaning: to put to practical use the knowledge that you have acquired

Example: Vocational training courses enable students to put the knowledge gained during their studies into practice

• job prospects

Meaning: the chances of being successful and having more opportunities at work

Example: People with qualifications and experience usually have the best job prospects

Vocabulary from society:

• socioeconomic changes

Meaning: changes relating to the society and economy of a country

Example: Mass migration to cities is a result of socioeconomic changes that

include the industrialisation of agriculture

Vocabulary from traditional versus modern:

• to embrace/welcome change Meaning: to accept change with enthusiasm

Example: While it is important to welcome change, the public must try to

preserve all that is worthwhile from the past

Vocabulary from business and money:

• to make the most of something

Meaning: to make something appear as good as possible; to exploit something; to get as much out of something as is possible

Example: They designed the advertisements to make the most of the product's

features

Other vocabulary:

• grave [adjective]:

Meaning: very serious and important

Example: There was a grave accident on the motorway and 2 people died

• trainee [noun]:

Meaning: a person who is being taught to do a specific job

Example: My sister is a trainee in a finance company She wants to be an

accountant

• volatile [adjective]:

Meaning: unstable and likely to change quickly

Example: The political situation in the country was volatile and there was a lot of

violence in the streets

• adaptable [adjective]:

Meaning: easy to change to deal with new situations

Example: I want a car that is adaptable for any types of roads or rough tracks

Đề 13/04/2024

Report Plan:

• Paraphrase paragraph: gives information about>compares; journeys to school

by children>the ways that UK children travelled to school; aged 11to 16>between

11 and 16

• Overview/summary paragraph: (1) journeys of less than 1 mile – walking was the highest % (2) journeys over 5 miles – travel by bus was the highest %

• Paragraph 3: report and compare all the figures for journeys of less than 1 mile and journeys of 1-2 miles

• Paragraph 4: report and compare all the figures for journeys of 2-5 miles and over 5 miles

90% of journeys of up to 1 mile were on foot, compared with 9% by car and just 1% by

bus, with no cycle journeys For distances of 1-2 miles, the proportion of journeys on

foot remained high at 60%, whereas journeys by car more than doubled to 20%, and journeys by bicycle and bus both accounted for 10%

As the distance increased, a lower percentage of journeys were made on foot The figure for 2-5 miles was only 10% and this fell to 0% when the distance was more than 5 miles

The other percentages for journeys of 2-5 miles were only 4% by bicycle, while the figures rose to 30% by car and 56% by bus Finally, for journeys over 5 miles, although nobody travelled on foot, by contrast bus journeys accounted for 69% of the total, with car and bicycle journeys standing at 20% and 11% respectively

197 words

Task 2: Some people say that when deciding how taxes should be spent, government

should prioritize health care Others think that there are more important priorities for payers' money Discuss both views and give your opinion

tax-Essay Plan:

• Introduction: refer to the question, including the key words taxes, prioritise, health care, more important priorities Opinion: completely agree

• Paragraph 2: we need to spend more money from taxes in other areas

Examples: education, public transport, the environment – e.g renewable energy