DYNAMICS of MECHANICAL SYSTEMS ppt

[...]... 1:43 PM 2 Dynamics of Mechanical Systems Kinematics is a study of motion without regard to the cause of the motion Kinematics includes an analysis of the positions, displacements, trajectories, velocities, and accelerations of the members of the system Inertia is a study of the mass properties of the bodies of a system and of the system as a whole in various configurations Kinetics is a study of forces... where s is the absolute value of the scalar s The direction of sV is the same as that of V if s is positive and opposite that of V if FIGURE 1.5.2 s is negative Figure 1.5.2 shows some examples of Examples of products of scalars and a vector V products of scalars and vectors 0593_C01_fm Page 6 Monday, May 6, 2002 1:43 PM 6 Dynamics of Mechanical Systems Two kinds of vectors occur so frequently that... and their relations to one another Statics is a study of the behavior of rigid body systems when there is no motion Statics is concerned primarily with the analysis of forces and force systems and the determination of equilibrium configurations In contrast, dynamics is a study of the behavior of moving rigid body systems As seen in Figure 1.2.1, dynamics may be subdivided into three subsubjects: kinematics,... perpendicular to the radial line as shown a Express nr and nθ in terms of nx and ny b Express nx and ny in terms of nr and nθ Section 1.7 Systems of Units P1.7.1: An automobile A is traveling at 60 mph a Express the speed of A in ft/sec b Express the speed of A in km/sec 0593_C01_fm Page 14 Monday, May 6, 2002 1:43 PM 14 Dynamics of Mechanical Systems P1.7.2: A person weighs 150 lb a What is the person’s... input stimulus of the driver 0593_C01_fm Page 4 Monday, May 6, 2002 1:43 PM 4 Dynamics of Mechanical Systems • A joint is a connective member of a mechanism, usually bringing together two elements of a mechanism Two elements brought together by a joint are sometimes called kinematic pairs Figure 1.4.1 shows a number of commonly used joints (or kinematic pairs) • A kinematic chain is a series of links that... study of dynamics, space is usually defined by reference frames or coordinate systems Force is intuitively described as a push or a pull The effect of a force depends upon the magnitude, direction, and point of application of the push or pull; a force is thus ideally suited for representation by a vector Mass is a measure of inertia representing a resistance to change in motion; mass is the source of gravitational... inertia forces occur due to the motion of the system 1.3 FIGURE 1.2.1 Subdivisions of mechanics Fundamental Concepts and Assumptions The study of dynamics is based upon several fundamental concepts and basic assumptions that are intuitive and based upon common experience: time, space, force, and mass Time is a measure of change or a measure of a process of events; in dynamics, time is assumed to be a continually... 1:46 PM Review of Vector Algebra 17 Vector subtraction may be defined from vector addition Specifically, the difference of two vectors A and B, written as A – B, is simply the sum of A with the negative of B That is, Α − Β = A + ( −B) (2.3.3) An item of interest in vector addition is the magnitude of the resultant, which may be determined using the geometry of the parallelogram and the law of cosines For... graphical representations with different length scales (A review of specific systems of units is presented in Section 1.7.) Because vectors have the characteristics of magnitude and direction they are distinct from scalars, which are simply elements of a real or complex number system For example, the magnitude of a vector is a scalar; the direction of a vector is not a scalar To distinguish vectors from scalars,... Solutions of Second-Order Differential Equations .439 13.3 The Undamped Linear Oscillator 444 13.4 Forced Vibration of an Undamped Oscillator 446 13.5 Damped Linear Oscillator 447 13.6 Forced Vibration of a Damped Linear Oscillator .449 13.7 Systems with Several Degrees of Freedom 450 13.8 Analysis and Discussion of Three-Particle Movement: Modes of Vibration . alt="" DYNAMICS of MECHANICAL SYSTEMS 0593_ FM_fm Page 2 Tuesday, May 14, 2002 10:19 AM CRC PRESS Boca Raton London New York Washington, D.C. Harold Josephs Ronald L. Huston DYNAMICS of MECHANICAL. Fellow of the Michigan Society of Engineers, and a Fellow of the National Academy of Forensic Engineers. Ronald L. Huston, Ph.D., P.E. , is distinguished research professor and professor of mechanics. and robotics systems; and by a need to have a better understanding of the dynamics of biosystems. The book is intended to enable its readers to make engineering advances in each of these areas.