Bài tập câu điều kiện tiếng Anh thi vào lớp 10 tổng hợp lý thuyết và các dạng bài tập câu điều kiện, giúp các em có thêm nhiều tư liệu tham khảo, luyện thi vào lớp 10 đạt kết quả cao.
Trang 1Bài tập câu điều kiện tiếng Anh thi vào lớp 10
1 Cấu trúc câu điều kiện trong Tiếng Anh Câu điều kiện loại 0
Cấu trúc: If + S + V/V(s/es), S + V/V(s/es)
Cách sử dụng: Dùng để diễn tả một sự việc luôn đúng, một chân lý.
Ví dụ: - If you heat the ice, it melts (Nếu bạn làm nóng băng, nó sẽ tan chảy.)
Đây là một sự thật hiển nhiên, luôn luôn đúng nên ta sẽ sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 0
để nói
Câu điều kiện loại 1
Cấu trúc: If + S + V/V(s/es), S + will + V(nguyên thể)
Trong câu điều kiện loại I, mệnh đề “If” ta chia thì HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN và mệnh đề chính
ta chia thì tương lai đơn
Cách sử dụng: Dùng để giả định về một sự việc có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương
lai
Ví dụ: - If she comes, I will go with her (Nếu cô ấy đến, tôi sẽ đi với cô ấy)
Ta hiểu rằng “hiện tại cô ấy vẫn chưa đến”, và ta cũng không biết được rằng cô ấy có đến hay không (hoàn toàn có thể xảy ra)
Vì vậy giả định “nếu cô ấy đến” là một giả định hoàn toàn có thể xảy ra nên ta sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 1
Câu điều kiện loại 2
Cấu trúc: If + S + V-ed/cột 2, S + would/should + V(nguyên thể)
Trang 2Trong câu điều kiện loại II, mệnh đề “IF” chia thì QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN và động từ trong mệnh đề chính ta sử dụng cấu trúc: would/ should + động từ nguyên thể
Cách sử dụng: Dùng để giả định về một sự việc không thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc
tương lai
Ví dụ: - If they had a lot of money now, they would travel around the world (Nếu bây
giờ họ có nhiều tiền, họ sẽ đi du lịch vòng quanh thế giới.)
Ta thấy có thời gian ở hiện tại là “now” (bây giờ) và hiểu rằng “bây giờ họ không có nhiều tiền” nên mới đưa ra câu giả định như vậy Vì thế ta sử dụng câu điều kiện loại
II để diễn đạt một giả định về một sự việc không có thật ở hiện tại
CHÚ Ý: Trong câu điều kiện loại II, nếu mệnh đề “if” sử dụng động từ “to be” ở thì
quá khứ đơn thì ta chỉ sử dụng “to be” là “were” với tất cả các ngôi
Ví dụ: - If I were you, I wouldn’t stay at home now (Nếu tôi là bạn, tôi sẽ không ở
nhà bây giờ.)
Ta thấy chủ ngữ trong mệnh đề “If” là “I” nhưng ta vẫn sử dụng động từ “to be” là
“were” vì trong câu điều kiện loại II này “to be” chia quá khứ là “were” với tất cả các chủ ngữ
Câu điều kiện loại 3
Cấu trúc: If + S + had + VpII, S + would/should + have + vpII
Trong câu điều kiện loại III, mệnh đề “If” chia thì QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH, và động từ trong mệnh đề chính sẽ sử dụng cấu trúc: would/ should + have + VpII
Cách sử dụng: Dùng để giả định về một sự việc trái với sự thật trong quá khứ.
Ví dụ: - If she had told me the truth yesterday, I would have helped her (Nếu cô ấy nói với tôi sự thật ngày hôm qua, tôi đã giúp cô ấy rồi.)
Xem thêm: Câu điều kiện trong tiếng Anh
Trang 32 Bài tập câu điều kiện thi vào 10 Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form
1 If I (find) a cheap room, I will stay a fortnight
2 If I saw a tiger walking across the park, I (climb) the tree
3 Why don’t you drive your car to work? If I (have) a car, I would drive
4 He might get rid of his cough if he _ (not smoke) so much
5 She was sent to the prison only because she refused to pay the fine; if she had paid the fine, she _ (not be) sent to prison
6 The job is much worse than I expected If I (realize) how awful it was going to
be I wouldn’t have accepted it
7 Provided you remember the password, you (be) in no danger
8 I will lend you my radio as long as you _ (bring) it back before Sunday
9 We would have gone to the talk if we _ (know) about it
10 I (buy) those shoes if I were you
Exercise 2: Choose the best answer to complete the sentences:
1 If I had free time, I _ some shopping with you
A did
B will do
C would do
D would have done
2 Unless she , she will be late for school
Trang 4A hurried
B hurries
C will hurry
D is hurrying
3 I would have given him this present, if I _ him
A had meet
B had met
C meet
D met
4 Will you be angry if I _ your pocket dictionary?
A stole
B have stolen
C were to steal
D steal
5 If he the truth, the police wouldn’t have arrest him
A tells
B told
C had told
D would tell
6 If you press that button, what ?
A would happen
B would have happened
C will happen
D happen
7 If my mother me up, I will catch the bus
Trang 5A doesn’t pick
B didn’t take
C not pick
D hadn’t picked
8 If the weather is nice, I for a walk
A will go
B go
C would go
D would have gone
9 , the accident would not have happened yesterday
A If Nam drives more carefully
B If had Nam driven more carefully
C Had Nam driven more carefully
D Unless Nam had driven more carefully
10 I’d give up my job if I a big prize in a lottery
A win
B won
C had won
D would won
Exercise 3: Rewrite each sentence beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the
same
1 What would you do if you found some buried treasure?
If you were
2 Working so much will make you tired
Trang 6If you
3 We didn’t visit the museum because we hadn’t time
We would
4 Without you, I would have given up years ago
If it _
5 We didn’t go by air only because we hadn’t enough money
If we
6 If by any chance you find my wallet, could you let me know?
If you should
7 I regret not studying hard last term
If only _
8 He didn’t work hard at school, so he didn’t get a good job when he left
If _
9 People don’t do enough exercise, so there is a lot of heart disease
If people _
10 Children have bad teeth because they eat too many sweets
Children would have better teeth if
Exercise 4: Underline the correct words.
If it rains/ will rain tomorrow, we won’t go for a picnic
1 Will you write to me if I give/ will give you my email address?
Trang 72 If we win / will win this match, we’ll be in the finals.
3 If the new Bond film comes / will come to our cinema, I go / ‘ll go and see it
4 How does / will Sandy get back tonight if she can’t find a taxi?
5 I am / will be surprised if this film gets / will get an award
6 Do you / Will you make dinner tonight if I do / will do the shopping?
7 If I hear / will hear that song one more time, I scream / will scream!
8 What do they / will they do if they don’t / won’t pass their exams?
Exercise 5: Match the sentence beginnings with the endings Write sentences using the first conditional Use a comma where necessary.
1 We (miss) the train h a) he (probably buy) another once
2 (you / help) me with my physics b) I (give) it back tomorrow
3 If you (tell) me that secret c) I (not tell) anyone else
4 She (fall off) her horse in a
minute
d) if he (be) at the party?
5 If you (lend) me £20 e) if I (help) you with your French
tomorrow?
6 (you / talk) to Alex f) if she (go) to the States this
summer?
7 How long (she / stay) in
California
g) if she (not ride) more slowly
8 If the police (not find) his bike h) if we (not leave) now
Trang 83 Đáp án bài tập câu điều kiện Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form
1 If I (find) find a cheap room, I will stay a fortnight
2 If I saw a tiger walking across the park, I _would climb _ (climb) the tree
3 Why don’t you drive your car to work? If I _had _ (have) a car, I would drive
4 He might get rid of his cough if he didn’t smoke _ (not smoke) so much
5 She was sent to the prison only because she refused to pay the fine; if she had paid the fine, she wouldn’t have been _ (not be) sent to prison
6 The job is much worse than I expected If I _had realized _ (realize) how awful it was going to be I wouldn’t have accepted it
7 Provided you remember the password, you _will be_ (be) in no danger
8 I will lend you my radio as long as you bring _ (bring) it back before Sunday
9 We would have gone to the talk if we had known _ (know) about it
10 I _would buy _ (buy) those shoes if I were you
Exercise 2: Choose the best answer to complete the sentences:
1 C
2 B
3 B
6 C
7 A
8 A
Trang 94 D
5 C
9 C
10 B
Exercise 3: Rewrite each sentence beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the
same
1 If you were to find some buried treasure, what would you do?
2 If you didn’t work so much, you wouldn’t be tired
3 We would have visited the museum if we had had time
4 If it hadn’t been for you, I would have given up years ago
5 If we had had enough money, we would have gone by air
6 If you should find my wallet, could you let me know?
7 If only I had studied hard last tern
8 If he had worked hard at school, he would have got a good job when he left
9 If people did enough exercise, they wouldn’t have/ get heart disease
10 Children would have better teeth if they didn’t eat too many sweets
Exercise 4
1 give
2 win
3 comes; ‘ll go
4 will
5 will be; gets
Trang 106 Will you; do
7 hear; will scream
8 will they; don’t
Exercise 5
1 h → We’ll miss the train if we don’t leave now
2 e → Will you help me with my physics if I help you with your French tomorrow?
3 c → If you tell me that secret, I won’t tell anyone else
4 g → She’ll fall off her horse in a minute if she doesn’t ride more slowly
5 b → If you lend me £20, I’ll give it back tomorrow
6 d → Will you talk to Alex if he’s at the party?
7 f → How long will she stay in California if she goes to the States this summer?
8 a → If the police don’t find his bike soon, he’ll probably buy another one
4 Một số bài tập tự luyện về câu điều kiện thi vào 10
I Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không thay đổi
1 She doesn’t live in London because she doesn’t know anyone there
If ………
2 I don’t have a spare ticket I can’t take you to the concert
If I ………
3 The schoolchildren sowed some seeds, but they forgot to water them so they didn’t grow
Trang 11If the children ………
4 They don’t understand the problem They won’t find a solution
If they ………
5 Carol didn’t answer the phone because she was studying
If Carol ………
6 Rita is exhausted today because she didn’t get any sleep last night
If Rita ………
7 He can’t park near his office; that’s why he doesn’t come by car
If he ………
8 The flats are not clearly numbered, so it is very difficult to find anyone
If the flats … ………
9 I don’t know her e-mail address, so I can’t tell you
If I ………
10 She works in the evening She has no time to play with her children
If she ………
11 He doesn’t see the signal so he doesn’t stop his car
If he ………
12 Peter gets bad marks because he doesn’t prepare his lessons well
If Peter ………
13 Mary doesn’t have enough money She can’t buy a new car
Trang 12If Mary ………
II Choose the correct answer.
1 I would have visited you before if there _ quite a lot of people in your house
A hadn't
B hadn't been
C wouldn't be
D wasn't
2 If you had caught the bus, you _ late for work
A wouldn't have been
B would have been
C wouldn’t be
D would be
3 If I _, I would express my feelings
A were asked
B would ask
C had been asked
D asked
4 If _ as I told her, she would have succeeded
A she has done
B she had done
C she does
D she did
5 Will you be angry if I _ your pocket dictionary?
Trang 13A stole
B have stolen
C were to steal
D steal
6 You made a mistake by telling her a lie It _ better if you _ to her
A would have been / hadn't lied
B would be / didn't lie
C will be / don't lie
D would be / hadn't lied
7 John would be taking a great risk if he _ his money in that business
A would invest
B invested
C had invested
D invests
8 She wouldn't have given them all that money if we _ her to
A wouldn’t advise
B won't advise
C hadn't advised
D didn't advise
9 If the tree hadn't been so high, he _ it up to take his kite down
A could have climbed
B climb
C is climbing
D climbed
10 If the wall weren't so high, he _ it up to take his ball down
Trang 14A climbed
B could climb
C is climbi
D climb
11 If I _ her phone number, I _ her last night
A had known / could have phoned
B knew / would have phoned
C know / can pho
D knew / could phone
12 If he the truth, the police wouldn’t arrest him
A tells
B told
C had told
D would tell
13 If you press that button what _?
A would happen
B would have happened
C will happen
D happen
14 I am very thin I think, if I _ smoking, I might get fat
A stop
B had stopped
C will stop
D stopped
15 If I _ that yesterday, I _ them
Trang 15A had discovered / would inform
B had discovered / would have informed
C had discovered / could inform
D discovered / can inform
16 If you _ to the course regularly, they a certificate last year
A go / gave
B go / give
C had gone / would have given
D went / would give
17 I think he is not at home If he _ in, he the phone
A was / answered
B were / would answer
C were / would have answered
D had been / would have answered
18 If I in London now, I could visit British Museum
A were
B had been
C have been
D would be
19 If you didn't wear shabby clothes, you _ more good-looking
A will be
B would be
C would have been
D can be
20 If your hair _ grey now, what you ?
Trang 16A went / would / do
B goes / would /do
C had gone / would/do
D had gone / would have / done
21 If I an Angel, I would try to make happy all the children
A am
B have been
C were
D had been
22 John would be taking a great risk if he _ his money in that business
23 What (you / say) _ if I offered you a job?
24 The children always (get) _ frightened if they watch horror films
25 If it (not be) _ for you, I would be late
26 I can’t help feeling sorry for the hungry children If only there (be) peace in the world
27 Were I to become president, my first act (be) to help the poor
28 If he (listen) _ to his father’s advice, he would still be working here
29 If she hadn’t stayed up late last night, she (not / be) tired now
30 If he (have) _free time, he will go swimming
31 Don’t go out if the wind (be) strong
32 If you (heat) _ice, it (turn) _into water
III Fill in the correct form of the verb in brackets !
Trang 171 If Anne’s father gets seriously ill, they (BRING) him to the hospital
2 If I (BE) you I would pay more attention in class
3 They (NOT GO) out if they don’t get a babysitter
4 The manager would have fired him if he (HAVE)
someone else to replace him
5 I (LIKE) her more if she hadn’t asked such stupid
questions
6 If you (NOT KNOCK) they won’t let you in
7 If I had missed the bus, I (TAKE) a taxi
8 We will visit the sports centre tomorrow unless it (RAIN)
9 I would have helped him if I (KNOW) that his condition was so bad
10 He (NOT GO) to the course if it were not so interesting