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[...]... easy to control Disadvantages • predictable • unable to match with Ss’ learning styles • not appropriate to more advanced Ss Advantages • meet the needs of the Ss • Ss take more responsibility • more appropriate for advanced Ss Disadvantages • unpredictable – a burden on T’s part • require experience & skills Patchwork Advantages • provide a balance b/w Study & Activation, b/w language & topic... provide a balance b/w Study & Activation, b/w language & topic • flexible & interesting Disadvantages • difficult to prepare & manage • require lots of work skills on both T’s & Ss’ parts Teaching models and E-S-A PPP = Straight Arrow Task-based Learning = Boomerang sequence / patchwork sequence Communicative Language Teaching = Patchwork sequence with an emphasis on Activation Read chapter . experience & skills Advantages • provide a balance b/w Study & Activation, b/w language & topic • flexible & interesting Disadvantages • difficult to prepare & manage • require. Activate 1 4 6 23 5 7 Advantages • well-formed structure • easy to control Disadvantages • predictable • unable to match with Ss’ learning styles • not appropriate to more advanced Ss ESA Advantages • meet the. interest, to involve their emotions How? • games • music • discussions • stimulating pictures • dramatic stories • amusing anecdotes • … Engage • Motivation • Exposure Purpose: to focus