THE SYSTEMIC DIMENSION OF GLOBALIZATION Edited by Piotr Pachura The Systemic Dimension of Globalization Edited by Piotr Pachura Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia Copyright © 2011 InTech All chapters are Open Access articles distributed under the Creative Commons Non Commercial Share Alike Attribution 3.0 license, which permits to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt the work in any medium, so long as the original work is properly cited. After this work has been published by InTech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication, referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source. Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published articles. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book. Publishing Process Manager Niksa Mandic Technical Editor Teodora Smiljanic Cover Designer Jan Hyrat Image Copyright Varina and Jay Pate, 2010. Used under license from Shutterstock.com First published July, 2011 Printed in Croatia A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com Additional hard copies can be obtained from orders@intechweb.org The Systemic Dimension of Globalization, Edited by Piotr Pachura p. cm. ISBN 978-953-307-384-2 free online editions of InTech Books and Journals can be found at www.intechopen.com Contents Preface IX Part 1 Globalization and Complex Systems 1 Chapter 1 Sustainability by Interrelating Science, Society and Economy in Embedded Political Economy – an Epistemological Approach 3 Masudul Alam Choudhury and Lubna Sarwath Mohammad Chapter 2 Globalization of Software Development Teams 27 M. Rita Thissen, Susan K. Myers, R. Nathan Sikes, Jean P. Robinson and Valentina Grouverman Chapter 3 Bilateral Home Bias: New Perspective, New Findings 51 Crina Pungulescu Chapter 4 Globalization and Global Innovations 67 Hassan Danaeefard and Tayebeh Abbasi Part 2 Globalization and Social Systems 81 Chapter 5 Demistifying Globalization and the State: Preliminary Comments on Re-Commodification, Institutions and Innovation 83 Hector Cuadra-Montiel Chapter 6 Media Globalization and the Debate on Multiculturality 109 Josu Amezaga-Albizu Chapter 7 Explaining Global Media: A Discourse Approach 125 Ulrika Olausson Chapter 8 Cultural Globalization and Transnational Flows of Things American 139 Mel van Elteren VI Contents Chapter 9 Recognition of Real-World Activities from Environmental Sound Cues to Create Life-Log 163 Mostafa Al Masum Shaikh, Keikichi Hirose and Mitsuru Ishizuka Part 3 Globalization and Natural Systems 181 Chapter 10 Biodiversity, Ecosystem and Commodities in Amazonia 183 Peter Mann de Toledo, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Gilberto Câmara, Roberto Araújo, Andrea Coelho and Sergio Gomes Chapter 11 Globalization: Ecological Consequences of Global-Scale Connectivity in People, Resources, and Information 201 Debra P.C. Peters Chapter 12 Brightness and Austerity of the Globalization Theory: The Ideological Foundations of Cognitive Capitalism 223 Zlatan Delic Chapter 13 Tourism: Analysis of a Global Phenomenon from a Perspective of Sustainability 257 Juan Ignacio Pulido-Fernández and Yaiza López-Sánchez Preface Steward Kauffman remarks that the 21 st century science will head towards ordered complexity, also in the field of theories concerning social and economic sciences (The orgins of Order: Self-Organizations and Selection in Evolution, Oxford univ. Press, 1993). Efforts will be made to attempt to “crystallize” complex systems, that is to transform them into structures characterized by a high degree of order. This book The Systemic Dimension of Globalization that consists of a variety of approach- es and topics was connected throughout the main message - the system conception. System approach can be counted among most explored theories in the contemporary science, including social and socio-economic sciences. It seems that such concepts as catastrophe theory, chaos theory, synergetic theory or fractal theory will constitute a strong inspiration for research in contemporary global world. The main common element of these theories is that according to them, systems are non-linear and unstable complexes. Other characteristics of system thinking is a chang- ing “routine” of scientific approaches: from reistic thinking to phenomenological thinking (thing – phenomena); from mechanistic thinking to process thinking; from linear models to the creation of network models; from scientific metaphor such as “tower” to scientific metaphor such as “network”. The genesis of this release results from INTECH mission of interdisciplinarity in scien- tific publications. Today science is moving in the direction of synthesis of the achieve- ments of various academic disciplines. The idea to prepare and present a multidimen- sional and systematic approach to the globalization phenomenon to the international academic milieu was an ambitious undertaking. The book The Systemic Dimension of Globalization consists of 14 chapters divided into three sections: Globalization and Complex systems; Globalization and Social systems; Global- ization and Natural systems. The Authors of respective chapters represent the great di- versity of disciplines and methodological approaches as well as a variety of academic culture. I am convinced that this is the value of this book and I hope that it will be ap- preciated by a global scholar audience. X Preface As editor of this book I would like to express gratitude for the trust was endowed by the Publisher, but most of all I would like to express my appreciation for the Authors of all chapters. June 2011. Piotr Pachura Częstochowa [...]... at the core of the IIE-learning process and is conceptualized on a particular pragmatic axiom IIE-learning process admits of ‘impossibility of certainty of knowledge’; learning is simulacra of possibilities 22 The Systemic Dimension of Globalization There is absoluteness of the epistemic stock of knowledge, viz., unity of knowledge to form the substance or theme of the Summit The vastness of. .. anticipate the conclusions of our inquiry, the answer to whether we can conceive of the future other than as a continuation of the darkness, cruelty, and disorder of the past seems to me to be no; and to the question of whether worse impends, yes.” In the episteme of unity of knowledge in our paper, the social order is a unified systemic whole Society is the result of integrative preferences of participating... from the former kind of unified worldview and the latter kind of social Darwinism (Darwin, 1985, p 115) The meaning of interaction in the sense of sustainability by virtue of the learning process means the initial recognition of the legitimacy of paired complementarities as the sure sign of unity of knowledge that is embedded in the systemic domains of diversity In the social Darwinian sense the contradictory... globalism and globalization follow See later Social (re-) construction The empirical and applied part of the theory of unity of knowledge on the issues and problems of the world-system res extensa is established by the estimation followed by simulation of the wellbeing function, subject to the system of circular causation relations 14 The Systemic Dimension of Globalization Fig 1 Schema of social reconstruction... of knowledge (connaissance) or type of rationality which, crossing the boundaries of the most varied sciences, manifests the sovereign unity of a subject, a spirit, or a period; it is the totality of relations that can be discovered, for a given period, between the sciences when one analyses them at the level of discursive regularities 6 The Systemic Dimension of Globalization In a like sense of the. .. by continuity across continuums of systems 16 The Systemic Dimension of Globalization Unity of the knowledge-induced world-system with particularity of the problems under investigation is shown by the evaluation of the wellbeing function W(x()) Unity between the variables and evaluation of systemic unity of the induced world-system under study is sought at any stage of learning by simulating W(x()),... humanistic character In this paper, the meaning of ethics is equivalent to the learning process premised on the evaluation of an existing degree of unity of knowledge in the examined system of sustainability This is then followed by the formalism of social reconstruction to gain the state of complementarities between the variables representing the good things of life These bundles of variables as vectors are... have amply established the direction of post-modernist thought in the framework of the episteme of unity of knowledge and its impact on the unified world-system Globalization that is of the capitalist genre is either of the following kinds of interactively aggregated world-system: Either the individual rational preferences, even though of individualized groups, aggregate in the linear way to establish... variables is denoted by the vector of relations, f(,x()) .The bold notations denote vectors The limiting value of in the discursive {}-space is the result of yet another unity process of learning, the critical characteristics of the learning process in unity of knowledge It comprises the total phase of Interaction, Integration coming together and leading up to the point of creative Evolution to... diversified All of the above 18 The Systemic Dimension of Globalization consequences taken together, though with bifurcation between possibilities of wellbeing, yield effective sustainability by way of systemic embedding The model of knowledge-formation by way of Hegelian type dialectics is process-oriented Carchedi (1991) presents such a model of dialectics in respect of the Marxian concept of money and . unify in the midst of the good things of life. The learning and choice of the good things of life through the interactive systemic synergy conveys the essential meaning of ethicality. Systemic. ontological principle of being and becoming, epistemology, the theory of knowledge, and ontology as theory of functional forms as description of the dynamics of being and becoming of the socio-scientific. process means the initial recognition of the legitimacy of paired complementarities as the sure sign of unity of knowledge that is embedded in the systemic domains of diversity. In the social Darwinian