INTRODUCTION
Rationale of topic selection
In a world where globalization develops strongly, countries follow the trend of cooperating in peace for sustainable development This has opened multiple opportunities for people in identified countries to join and find out about politics, economics, culture and society of other countries. Therefore, it is undeniable to say that language becomes the key factor in the world exploration of humans Necessarily so; for language makes it possible for men to build up the social heritage of accumulated skill, knowledge and wisdom, thanks to which it is possible for us to profit by the experiences of past generations, as though they were our own (Black, 1969).
Learning a new language, therefore, becomes so important that we can understand and create different points of view In many languages, English, becomes the most popular one because many speakers use it as a form of communication Of course, English is a global language, they would say (Crystal, 2003) But there are varieties of English around the world, so learning one of those varieties and using it globally is not enough In addition, learners in order to master the English language must discover many aspects, including pronunciation, grammar, phonemics, pragmatics and how it works in various contexts.
English and Vietnamese share some common characteristics For Vietnamese learners, getting to know the meaning of a word, a paragraph or the whole text, relying on a part of translation Thus, translation can be understood as the process of the product of transforming a written text or texts from one human language to another which generally requires a significant degree of resemblance or correspondent with respect to the source text (Colina, 2015) This process is essential because it helps learners to overcome the features differences of the source language (SL) and the target language (TL) It is crucial that it becomes a course in colleges and universities in Viet Nam, including the Diplomatic Academy of Viet Nam, the leading one in training international relations majors and languages, especially English
At the Diplomatic Academy of Viet Nam, the Faculty of International Communication and Culture had the most students in the official enrollment in 2021, 2022 and 2023 Most students choose English as the main language to study However, English for Specific Purpose and Translation at the Diplomatic Academy of Viet Nam is just not about learning English It is all about understanding international politics and Vietnamese diplomacy, as well as international events and global issues. The lessons were used in the textbooks taken from domestic and international news, things referred to journalism-related coursework in the international communications major.
The process of translating from Vietnamese to English can cause difficulties for students, especially when translating newspapers related to the United Nations, an organization established to maintain international peace and security The issues discussed and the speeches of leaders in the sessions are often diverse and complex, requiring students majoring in International Communications to have good background knowledge and the ability to handle language sensitively On that basis, the study is implemented to accurately determine the difficulties that students majoring in International Communications have when translating newspapers related to the United Nations and propose solutions to overcome those difficulties.
Aims and objectives of the study
This research paper aims at the difficulties encountered by DAV’s third-year International Communication majors students when translating newspapers related to the United Nations More specifically, it will focus on the difficulties in the United Nations newspapers that students might find challenging in studying Translation II To achieve this aim, two keys objectives are set as below:
Firstly, directly examining the difficulties encountered by students when they render the United Nations-related newspapers.
Secondly, recommending solutions that are possible for them to overcome challenges
Research question
This research proposes two questions to accomplish the two objectives mentioned above: i What difficulties do DAV’s third-year International Communication-majored students have in translating the United Nations-related newspapers? ii What are some possible solutions taken to help students overcome those difficulties?
Significance of the Study
Firstly, the research hopes to contribute to the field of translation in general and English translation at DAV in particular DAV's third-year International Communications students are provided with basic knowledge of journalism and communications, while also mastering basic English knowledge However, challenges can still be encountered in the process of translating international English news, especially newspapers related to the United Nations.
Secondly, the research is expected to point out solutions to helpDAV students overcome difficulties in the Translation II From there, it is a source that educators and lecturers at universities can use as a reference to adjust teaching methods and improve students' translation skills.
Scope of the study
There have been many documented investigations into the difficulties of translating English news Due to the size of the paper, time constraints and author's capacity, the essay will only include third-year students majoring in International Communications at DAV and news related to the United Nations It is hoped that the results of the article will be suggestions to make the process of studying and teaching translation at the DiplomaticAcademy better.
Methodology and data collection
The research uses survey research, specifically research through questionnaires.Questionnaire research method with eight questions was investigated on 30 third-year students who chose English as their first language in the 48th batch of the Faculty of InternationalCommunication and Culture of DAV
Organization of the study
The research is divided into four chapters
Chapter 1 (Introduction) introduces the rationale of the study, its aims and objectives; the research questions, significance, scope, and methodology of the study.
Chapter 2 (Literature Review) provides the theoretical frameworks, with a brief introduction of translation, the United Nations, and translation of the United Nations-related newspapers The chapter also presents some previous studies of different research on the difficulties of the Vietnamese - English translations in several aspects
Chapter 3 (Methodology, Findings, and Discussion) examines the data collection analysis on the questionnaires Some main findings based on the analysis will be shown, and some possible suggestions will be given out to discuss the difficulties when translating United Nations- related newspapers.
Chapter 4 (Recapitulations, Limitations, Implications, and Recommendations) illustrates major findings of the research, suggests some implications, and offers recommendations for further study of the subject.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Concept of translation
The aim of this part is to give a short literature review on translation In specific, translation concepts are considered in the aspects of definitions, methods, procedures of translation.
Translation has been approached in different ways by scholars and researchers, based on the way they perceive language and translation There are many results when it comes to the definition of translation Several definitions of translation will be presented in this part by familiar linguists.
Wilss (1882) illustrated: “Translation leads from a source-language text to a target- language text which is as close an equivalent as possible and presupposes an understanding of the content and style of the original.” Catford (1965, p.20) coined the term translation as “the replacement of textual material in one language (SL) by equivalent material in another language (TL)”
In terms of translation along with translating, it has been pointed out that translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source- language message (Nida and Taber, 1969).
In the field of interlingual translation, Oettinger (1960, p.110) defined it as “the replacement of elements of one language, the domain of translation, by equivalent elements of another language, the range.” The definition can be understood that translation is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way that the author intended the text (Newmark, 1988)
Bell (1991) defined translation is the expression in another language (or target language) of what has been expressed in another source language preserving semantic and static equivalencies He also mentioned another definition that “translation is the replacement of a representation of a text in one language representation of an equivalent text in a second language” (Bell, 1991, p.6)
Despite the different approaches, the definitions of translation given by the scholars share some similarities They both refer to the source language and the target language and focus on the equivalence of meaning when converting (translating) between these two languages.
The translation methods bellowed are mentioned in Textbook of Translation by Newmark (1988):
“This is often demonstrated as an interlinear translation, with the TL immediately below the SL words.” (Newmark, 1988, p.45) In other words, the SL word-order is preserved and the words translated singly by their most common meanings, out of context (Newmark,
1988) “Here, the source language (SL) word is translated into another language by their most common meanings, which can also be out of context at times, especially in idioms and proverbs.” (Nguyen & Bui, 2013, p.11)
SL: This is a major problem.
TL: Đây là một vấn đề nghiêm trọng
In terms of literal translation, the SL grammatical constructions are converted to their nearest TL equivalents but the lexical words are again translated singly, out of context As a pre-translation process, this indicates the problems to be solved (Newmark, 1988) “A literal translation sounds like nonsense and has little communicative values.” ((Nguyen & Bui & Bui,
SL: This is a major problem.
TL: Đây là một vấn đề lớn
Newmark (1988) has pointed out that a faithful translation attempts to reproduce the precise contextual meaning of the original within the constraints of the TL grammatical structures He also noted that “It 'transfers' cultural words and preserves the degree of grammatical and lexical 'abnormality' (deviation from SL norms) in the translation It attempts to be completely faithful to the intentions and the text-realization of the SL writer.” (Newmark,
1988, p.46) Here the translation interprets the exact contextual meaning of the original within the constraints of the grammatical structures of the TL (Nguyen & Bui & Bui, 2013) Example:
SL: His house is as big as my house.
TL: Nhà của anh ấy to bằng nhà của tôi.
Newmark (1988) illustrated that semantic translation differs from 'faithful translation' only in as far as it must take more account of the aesthetic value (that is, the beautiful and natural sound) of the SL text, compromising on 'meaning' where appropriate so that no assonance, word-play or repetition jars in the finished version “The distinction between'faithful' and 'semantic' translation is that the first is uncompromising and dogmatic, while the second is more flexible, admits the creative exception to 100% fidelity and allows for the translator's intuitive empathy with the original.” (Newmark, 1988, p.46) “Semantic translation refers to that type of translation, which takes into account the aesthetic value of the SL text,”(Nguyen & Bui, 2013)
SL: When in Rome, Do as the Romans Do
TL: Nhập gia tùy tục
Newmark (1988) supposed that adaptation is the 'freest' form of translation “It is used mainly for plays (comedies) and poetry; the themes, characters, plots are usually preserved, the
SL culture converted to the TL culture and the text rewritten.” (Newmark, 1988, p.46) He emphasized the deplorable practice of having a play or poem literally translated and then rewritten by an established dramatist or poet has produced many poor adaptations, but other adaptations have 'rescued' period plays (Newmark, 1988) “The text is rewritten considering the
SL culture which is converted to the TL.” (Nguyen & Bui, 2013, p.14).
SL: Gone With The Wind (Margaret Mitchell, 1936)
TL: Cuốn Theo Chiều Gió (tiểu thuyết của Margaret Mitchell, 1936)
“Free translation reproduces the matter without the manner, or the content without the form of the original.” (Newmark, 1988, p.46) “Usually it is a paraphrase much longer than the original, a so-called 'intralingual translation', often prolix and pretentious, and not translation at all “(Newmark, 1988, p.46, 47) Free translation focuses on the content of the target text rather than the form, which means that the same content is expressed in the target text but with very different grammatical structures if need be (Nguyen & Bui, 2013).
SL: When there's a will, there's a way
TL: Có chí thì nên; Có công mài sắt, có ngày nên kim.
“Idiomatic translation reproduces the 'message' of the original but tends to distort nuances of meaning by preferring colloquialisms and idioms where these do not exist in the
8 original.” (Newmark, 1988, p.47) Nguyen & Bui (2013) concluded idiomatic translation utilizes idioms and colloquialisms that are not present in the source text She added “It is asserted that the original meaning of a fixed combination is not equal to the sum of the meaning of separate words.” (Nguyen & Bui, 2013, p.16).
TL: Vỏ quýt dày có móng tay nhọn.
Communicative translation is illustrated by Newmark (1988) when he coined the term as efforts to render the exact contextual meaning of the original in such a way that both content and language are readily acceptable and comprehensible to the readership.”This method displays the exact contextual meaning of the original text in a manner where both content and language are easily acceptable and comprehensible to the readers.” (Nguyen & Bui, 2013, p.16).
SL: The resolution was passed with 12 votes in favor, and is the first UN resolution on the Israel-Palestine conflict since 2016 (Wintour, 2023, The Guardian)
TL: Nghị quyết được thông qua với 12 phiếu thuận và là nghị quyết đầu tiên của Liên hợp quốc về xung đột Israel-Palestine kể từ năm 2016.
The following translation procedures are considered to be useful for the study: Transferences
United Nations
In the aftermath of the Second World War, a world scarred by conflict and devastation, a vision emerged of an international organization dedicated to maintaining peace, promoting human rights, and fostering international cooperation This vision materialized in the form of the United Nations (UN), an organization that has played a pivotal role in shaping the global landscape for over seven decades.
Hanhimaki (2015, p.14) stated: “In August 1944 delegates from China, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States met at Dumbarton Oaks, a private estate in Washington, D.C., to draw up the basic blueprint for the new international organization By October the outline for the UN Charter was ready After the surrender of Germany in April of the following year (and the death of Roosevelt in the same month), the charter was signed in San Francisco on June 26, 1945 On October 24, 1945, with the Pacific war also concluded, the United Nations officially came into existence.”
Six main organs of the United Nations included: the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), the Secretariat, the International Court of Justice (ICJ), and the Trusteeship Council (Mingst et al., 2018) However, the Trusteeship Council was dissolved in 1994.
The General Assembly consists of all member states, numbering 193 in 2023 This organ may consider any issue “within the scope of the present Charter or relating to the powers and functions of any organs,” except for issues on the agenda of the Security Council (Alger,
The Security Council, composed of 15 members, has the primary responsibility for maintaining international peace and security “The UN charter also contained in it the seeds of the Security Council’s immobilization: by granting the veto right to five countries (China, France, Great Britain, the Soviet Union, and the United States), the charter allowed this select group to prevent action that they viewed as being antithetical to their national interests.” (Hanhimaki, 2015, p.3)
Alger (2006) noted that The Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) consists of fifty four representatives of member states that are elected by the General Assembly for three-year terms He also added: “Under the UN Charter, ECOSOC is responsible for: (1) promoting higher standards of living, full employment, and economic and social progress; (2) identifying solutions to international economic, social, and health problems; (3) facilitating international cultural and educational cooperation; and (4) encouraging universal respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms.” (Alger, 2006, p.19-20).
The International Court of Justice is the main judicial organ of the United Nations “Its special role is providing states with an impartial body for settling legal disputes in accordance with international law and giving advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by international agencies All members of the UN are ipso facto parties to the ICJ Statute.” (Mingst et al., 2018, p.46).
Alger (2006) mentioned the Secretariat composed of international civil servants from around the world that support the work of three bodies: the General Assembly; the Security Council ; the Economic and Social Council Approximately 9000 international civil servants in the entire secretariat working at UN duty stations around the world “The role of the Secretariat is multifaceted, ranging from public advocacy of various UN causes and the day-to-day administration of its various economic and social programs to crisis diplomacy and overseeing the work of UN peacekeeping forces in the trouble spots of the world.” (Hanhimaki, 2015, p.36).
According to (Mingst et al., 2018) UN’s main role is about peace and security issues, including peacekeeping, enforcement, peacebuilding, statebuilding, humanitarian intervention, counterterrorism, and nuclear proliferation Gale (2006, p.xvi) stated: “At its foundation the main functions of the UN were the maintenance of international peace and security, disarmament, and various forms of post-war reconstruction.” He also stated: “The aims of the
UN are embodied in a set of purposes and principles contained in Articles 1 and 2 of the Charter, summarized as follows:” (Gale, 2006, p.12):
● to maintain international peace and security and, to that end, to take effective collective measures for the prevention and removal of threats to the peace and for the suppression of acts of aggression or other breaches of the peace, and to bring about by peaceful means, and in conformity with the principles of justice and international law, adjustment or settlement of international disputes or situations that might lead to a breach of the peace;
● to develop friendly relations among nations based on respect for the principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples, and to take other appropriate measures to strengthen universal peace;
● to achieve international cooperation in solving international economic, social, cultural, or humanitarian problems and in promoting and encouraging respect for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion; and
● to be a center for harmonizing the actions of nations in attaining these common ends. Achievements and challenges
Since the foundation, the United Nations have attained remarkable achievements which contributed to the goal of protecting security and international peace This part will point out five particular accomplishments that the U.N has actually achieved so far The whole achievements content is cited from the newspaper by Zorthian (2015):
Saving the Pyramids: UNESCO, the U.N.’s cultural agency, has a list of World Heritage Sites that it deems culturally significant and will take steps towards preserving or protecting The area around the Giza pyramids and Sphinx in Egypt is one such site When construction began on an eight-lane highway a mile south of the Sphinx and three great pyramids in 1995, the impending change threatened the architectural site and its ancient structures UNESCO dispatched an expert mission to Egypt to meet with government authorities about diverting the highway, which the officials agreed to do.
Eradicating Smallpox: The World Health Organization, a U.N agency, led the global effort to eradicate the disease By 1880, after almost 13 years of an immunization campaign, the WHO declared smallpox extinct TIME reported on its campaign in 1977:
Difficulties in translating newspapers
In this section, the author will briefly review some studies and findings of scholars and researchers on the issue of translating news between English and Vietnamese To fit the chosen topic, the author will focus on graduation theses at the Diplomatic Academy of Vietnam, thereby making a general assessment of the research situation and pointing out the novelty and gaps in the research field.
In a graduation thesis “Problem in English- Vietnamese translation of political news and common strategies for translators” conducted by Tran (2017), the author conducted a questionnaire survey with the purpose of learning about the differences between newspapers language and other languages; issues and strategies that translators at the Department of Radio The Voice of Vietnam At the same time, a face-to-face interview with the head of the Department of Radio The Voice of Vietnam was also conducted to get practical information about three common mistakes made by translators regarding political news and their consequences.
In the researched article called “A study of English-Vietnamese idiom translation in news reports”, Nguyen (2018) the author collected idioms from English news reports and they were placed in comparison with the Vietnamese translation versions The author's conduct of an online survey on freelance translators identified two difficulties in the translation process, including identifying terms and finding equivalents to them To be able to deal with idioms, 4 strategies have been employed, and paraphrasing is considered the prevalent strategy.
Vu (2021) conducted“A study on the English - Vietnamese translation of the newspaper headlines on the world & Vietnamese report online newspaper” to have a critical analysis of
120 headlines on the electronic newspaper "The World and Vietnam report" on aspects such as linguistic structures, characteristics, functions as well as applied translation rules.
In a study called “Causes of unnaturalness in English - Vietnamese news translation among English-majored Seniors and some recommendations”, Le (2023) designed a questionnaire to find out the reason behind the lack of naturalness in the process of translating from English to Vietnamese in essays of English major students at the Diplomatic Academy of Vietnam The author also provides solid evidence and comparisons between the factors that contribute to unnaturalness, thereby providing recommendations based on survey results to overcome challenges and achieve high-quality translations
It can be seen that theses are conducted on news translation under many other topics and different linguistic aspects However, there are still no graduate theses researching the difficulties of students majoring in International Communication at the Diplomatic Academy ofVietnam, especially when these students carry out the translation process in United Nations news This research gap will be filled by the author of this thesis.
METHODOLOGY, FINDINGS, AND DISCUSSION
Methodology
The study was conducted at the Faculty of International Communication and Culture at the Diplomatic Academy of Vietnam For students with advanced degrees (studying Diplomatic English I from the first year), Translation modules are mandatory Students had the opportunity to gain exposure to Translation skills from the English for Specific Purpose through the Reading module (translating a few paragraphs from English into Vietnamese) and the Translation I through understanding and applying translation strategies in the Appendix of the student's book.
The study was conducted with the participation of 30 students from the Faculty of International Communication and Culture at the Diplomatic Academy of Vietnam These students were sare Translation II, a compulsory foreign language course in their first semester of the third year at the time of the research
Third-year students majoring in International Communications were selected because they had the opportunity to interact and learn courses related to translation skills However, they may encounter certain difficulties during the process of studying Translation II and the author believes that this may be because the curriculum does not include the subjects Translation Theory and History of Modern International Relations - The module learns about international politics and intergovernmental organizations, one of which is the United Nations.
The data have been thoroughly collected through questionnaires
The survey was conducted through a questionnaire in the form of sending a Google Form to each individual The author sent the link of the questionnaire form to 30 students of the Faculty of International Communication and Culture Sample selection was based on the author's personal relationships The questionnaire includes 8 multiple-choice questions with survey content about the scores of the most recent semester's Translation course, evaluation of the Translation II course, common errors and ways to improve translation skills.
The data collected from questionnaires were analyzed thoroughly With the data collected from the questionnaire, the information was modeled in chart form to get an overview of respondents' assessments of the importance of translation skills, the difficulty of Translation
II, common errors when translating news related to the United Nations and suggested improvements.
Result Analysis and Discussion
To have a better background understanding of students participating in the survey, the writers concluded a question to examine the students’ score in Translation I The first given pie chart shows the proportion of the grades of Third-year International Communication majored students The majority of students (60%) scored a B (7.0-38.4) on the exam 16.7% of students scored a C (5.5-6.9) 10% of the respondents got a D (4.0-5.4), while only 13.3% of the students got an A (8.5-10).
Chart 1: Third-year International Communication majored student’s grade in Translation I
3.2.2 The role and importance of translation
The pie chart 2 shows the importance of Translation II as perceived by 30 students in the Faculty of International Communication and Culture It is clear that the majority of respondents (40%) consider translation to be very important Another 40% believe that translation is important, while 13.3% consider it to be quite important Only 6.7% of respondents believe that translation is unimportant or not at all important.
Chart 2: Third-year International Communication majored student’s evaluation on the importance Translation II
It is illustrated in Chart 3 that 30% of participants rated Translation II as very difficult, while 60% of students rated it as difficult The figure shows only 10% of the students found Translation easy or very difficult This suggests that the majority of students found the course challenging.
Chart 3: Third-year International Communication majored student’s evaluation on the difficulty of Translation II
Regarding the evaluation on the difficulty of newspapers related to the United Nations,Chart 4 illustrates that 46.7% of students found it very easy, 40% found it difficult By contrast,10% of the students found it moderate, and only 3.3% (one student) saw it easy
Chart 4: Third-year International Communication majored student’s evaluation on the difficulty of newspaper related to United Nations
The provided bar chart gives information about the most common error that Third-year International Communication major students may encounter when translating newspapers related to the United Nations In the questionnaire, 30 chosen students got a chance to select multiple choices for the questions.
It is clear that mistranslation of related political terms/collocations (73.3%) accounts for the highest proportion in the responses The followed errors are wrong translation/ mistranslation of names of positions mentioned in the articles (66.7%), wrong translation/ mistranslation of core components of the sentence accounts for the highest percentage (63.3%), using the wrong verb tense (53.3%), and errors in using articles (a, an, the) (23.3%).
Chart 5: Errors encountered by Third-year International Communication majored students when translating newspaper related to United Nations
Chart 6 shows that the percentage of students who say they often encounter the above errors is significantly higher than the percentage of people who say they sometimes encounter the errors Specifically, 73.3% of respondents say they often encounter the errors, while only 26.7% say they never encounter them This suggests that the above errors are a common problem for many students participating in the survey.
Chart 6: Frequency of errors encountered by Third-year International Communication majored students when translating newspaper related to United Nations
Based on Chart 7, it can be seen that the misunderstanding of the given context in the newspaper took the highest proportion, at 70% (21 responses) The other two common causes are not knowing how to translate political terms and names of people and places (20 responses, and complex grammatical structure in sentence took the highest proportion (17 responses), with 66.7% and 56.7% respectively.
These three causes are responsible for over 90% of the errors in the responses The remaining causes are less common, but they still contribute to the overall error rate There are
13 responses for difficulties in determining tense (43.3%) and 3 responses for being unable to determine how to use articles (a, an, the) (10%).
Chart 7: Causes of errors encountered by Third-year International Communication majored students when translating newspaper related to United Nations
The bar chart below shows the percentage of participants who think that different methods will help them improve when studying Translation II, especially newspapers related to the United Nations The most popular method is to find their own sources of documents related to the unit, at 76.7% There is a similar proportion for practicing translation skills at home and using translation apps, at 66.7% (20 responses) The two least popular methods are using monolingual and bilingual dictionaries, at 36.7% with 11 responses, and talking to teachers and friends about their difficulties, at 30% with 9 responses.
Chart 8: Third-year International Communication majored students’ choices on methods to improve during newspaper related to United Nations translation
Concluding remarks
The findings of the study summarizes the main points that help answer the questions in the research section Specifically, data related to scores, the role and importance of translation, errors in translation and suggestions for solutions in the process of translating news related to the United Nations have been analyzed carefully The survey was conducted on 30 third-year students majoring in International Communications at the Diplomatic Academy of Vietnam
The survey findings additionally give some useful details that will be utilized in the next chapter to provide solutions to difficulties in Vietnamese - English translation in newspapers related to the United Nations.
CONCLUSIONS
Recapitulations
The goal of the research is to identify the difficulties (specifically errors) that third-year students majoring in International Communications at DAV encounter during the translation process, especially the Translation II, when these students encounter newspapers related to the United Nations Identifying these errors aims to provide possible methods for students to improve their translation skills in the future.
In general, translation is the process of rendering a message from the source language to the target language In this process, the equivalence between SL and TL is emphasized and divided into different types of equivalence, thereby determining the appropriate corresponding translation type.
Regarding the United Nations, this is a long-established intergovernmental organization, formerly known as the League of Nations and officially established after 1945. The main purpose of this organization is to preserve peace and protect international security. News related to the United Nations often has complex and in-depth content related to international relations and world politics.
In terms of the process of conducting the survey through questionnaires, it can be seen that third-year students majoring in International Communications at DAV mostly got a B grade in the most recent Translation semester The majority of students think that theTranslation II course is important or very important, and nearly two-thirds of respondents think that Translation II is a difficult course.
Among the errors suggested in the questionnaire, the error of wrong translation/mistranslating political terms had the highest number of responses Students participating in the survey often or sometimes encounter the errors presented and cited misunderstanding of the context in the United Nations-related newspapers as the main reason for errors.
As for solutions, students participating in the survey have many different options to promote progress in translation skills in general and in Translation II in particular when encountering news related to the United Nations Among the methods listed, respondents believe that they should find their own sources of documents related to the United Nations to read, and at the same time increase the practice of translation skills at home and combine translation apps like Google Translate, Zodic,
Implications
From the perspective of students and academic researchers, the graduation thesis has several implications as follows:
Firstly, students are aware of the importance and difficulty of Translation II, identify errors that will affect the translation process, especially news related to the United Nations, thereby coming up with appropriate methods for translation improvements.
Secondly, the data and research results in this thesis will be a resource for lecturers at DAV to use to adjust classroom teaching methods to improve the quality of students' translation work, and at the same time demonstrate the need to include modules related to history, politics and international relations in the Faculty of International Communication and Culture at DAV
Finally, the study can become a reference source to help further works related researching topics related to news translation by other researchers.
Limitations and Recommendations
Flaws in this study are inevitable, due to limitations in time, the author's experience and the amount of information collected Below are a few limitations along with recommendations for further research.
First, surveying 30 third-year students majoring in International Communications at DAV within the framework of the Translation II does not ensure the representativeness of the
28 research The author suggests that for future research should increase the population size and select appropriate samples to collect more accurate data.
Second, the questionnaire was designed based on the author's personal experience and with reference to questionnaires from other research projects Therefore, the author hopes that with future studies, other researchers will pre-test with appropriate research subjects to complete the questionnaire more accurately.
Finally, the study only collects quantitative data through questionnaires Other researchers can apply different approaches such as interviews and case studies to collect qualitative data, thereby providing detailed information to complete future research.
The author hopes that the above mentioned limitations will be carefully considered and recommendations will be made for other related studies in the future.
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24 Wintour, P., & editor, D (2023, November 15) UN security council backs resolution calling for humanitarian pause in Gaza The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/nov/15/un-israel-humanitarian-pause-gaza- resolution
25 Zorthian, J (2015, October 23) 5 United Nations Achievements Worth Celebrating onU.N Day Time; Time https://time.com/4085757/united-nations-achievements/
APPENDIX QUESTIONNAIRE (For third-year International Communication majored students at the DAV)
Hi, my name is Nguyen Bao Huy - a third-year student at the Diplomatic Academy of Vietnam I am currently doing the research on the topic: "Difficulties Encountered By Dav’s
Third-Year International Communication-Majored Students In Translating United Nations- Related Newspapers In Translation II And Suggested Solutions" This is my online survey and your answer will make a significant contribution to my research All your information will be kept confidential and used for research purposes only Thank you for your cooperation!
1 What is your score on the Translation exam in the most recent semester?
2 How do you evaluate the role of Translation II?
3 How do you evaluate the difficulty of Translation II for third-year students? Very easy
4 How do you evaluate the difficulty of translation newspapers related to the United Nations?
5 What errors do you think are often encountered when translating newspapers related to the United Nations? (tick the box)
Wrong translation/mistranslation core components of the sentence
Wrong translation/mistranslation of names of positions mentioned in the news Using the wrong verb tense
Mistranslation of related political terms/ collocation
Errors in using articles (a, an, the)
6 Do you often encounter the above errors?
7 What do you think is the cause of the above errors?
The complex grammatical structure in sentence
Misunderstanding of the given context in the newspapers
Not knowing how to translate political terms and names of positions
Unable to determine how to use articles (a, an, the)
8 Which method do you think will help you improve when studying Translation II, especially newspapers related to the United Nations?
Talk to teachers and friends around you about difficulties
Find your own sources of documents related to the United Nations to gain background knowledge
Practice translation skills at home
Use translation apps: Google Translate, Grammarly, Ozdic,