COHERENCE AND ULTRASHORT PULSE LASER EMISSION Edited by Dr. F. J. Duarte Coherence and Ultrashort Pulse Laser Emission Edited by Dr. F. J. Duarte Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia Copyright © 2010 InTech All chapters are Open Access articles distributed under the Creative Commons Non Commercial Share Alike Attribution 3.0 license, which permits to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt the work in any medium, so long as the original work is properly cited. After this work has been published by InTech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication, referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source. Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published articles. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book. Publishing Process Manager Jelena Marusic Technical Editor Teodora Smiljanic Cover Designer Martina Sirotic Image Copyright Kostyantyn Ivanyshen, 2010. Used under license from Shutterstock.com First published December, 2010 Printed in India A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com Additional hard copies can be obtained from orders@intechweb.org Coherence and Ultrashort Pulse Laser Emission, Edited by Dr. F. J. Duarte p. cm. ISBN 978-953-307-242-5 free online editions of InTech Books and Journals can be found at www.intechopen.com [...]... characterize the coherence of laser emission, is a well-known and accepted practice documented in the laser literature (Nelson and Collins, 1961; Shimkaveg et al., 1992; Trebes et al 1992; Ditmire et al., 1996; Lucianetti et 14 Coherence and Ultrashort Pulse Laser Emission al., 2004) Indeed, double-slit interferometric measurement have been used to characterize laser emission since the dawn of the laser age... excitation conditions, laser dye concentration, and very importantly, the resonator architecture Again, dye lasers can emit in the ASE regime (pre -laser emission), the broadband laser regime, and the narrow-linewidth laser regime 9 Polarization in organic dye lasers Shäfer (1990) and Duarte (1990b) provide detailed discussions on the polarization characteristics of laser and ASE emission in dye lasers It is... On the other hand, dye lasers are also capable of emitting high-power emission in a broadband mode while using basic mirror-mirror resonators Iconic examples of such lasers are the dye laser reported by Schäfer et al (1966), with a bandwidth of Δλ ≈ 10 nm, and the dye lasers reported by Spaeth and Bortfeld (1966) with emission bandwidths in the 4.5 ≤ Δλ ≤ 7 nm range In summary, pulsed laser dye ASE... N2 laser pumped dye lasers, Opt Commun 39, 383-386 Chen, C H., Fox, J L., Duarte, F J., and Ehrlich, J J (1988) Lasing characteristics of new coumarin-analog dyes: broadband and narrow-linewidth performance, Appl Opt 27, 443-445 Costela, A., García Moreno, I., and Sastre, R (2003) Polymeric solid-state dye lasers: recent developments, Phys Chem Chem Phys 5, 4745-4763 20 Coherence and Ultrashort Pulse. .. by choosing the orientation of the polarization of the excitation laser relative to the propagation plane of the dye emitter (Duarte, 1990b) In the case of the copper -laser- 16 Coherence and Ultrashort Pulse Laser Emission pumped rhodamine 590 dye laser these polarization alternatives enable the designer to engineer a broadband dye laser with either an emission polarization perpendicular to the plane... spectral domain the emission is indistinguishable 4 Coherence and Ultrashort Pulse Laser Emission from broadband dye laser radiation The radiation is generated from a tandem semiconductor structure where the emission medium are regions of coumarin 545 tetramethyl dye-doped Alq3 An alternative description for the emission medium would be a laser- dye-doped tandem organic light emitting diode (OLED) This work... J A., and Penzkofer, A (1992) Dye lasers: introduction by the feature editors, App Opt 31, 6977-6978 Duarte, F J., and Piper, J A (1980) A double-prism beam expander for pulsed dye lasers, Opt Commun 35, 100-104 (1980) Electrically-Pumped Organic-Semiconductor Coherent Emission: A Review 21 Duarte, F J., and Piper, J A (1981) Prism preexpanded grazing-incidence grating cavity for pulsed dye lasers,... Springer, Berlin 22 Coherence and Ultrashort Pulse Laser Emission Shimkaveg, G M., Carter, M R., Walling, R S., Ticehurst, J M., Koch, J A., Mrowka, S., Trebes, J E., MacGowan, B J., Da Silva, L B, Mathews, D L., London, R A., Stewart, R E (1992) X-ray laser coherence experiments in neon like yttrium, In: Proceedings of The International Conference on Lasers’ 91, Duarte F J., and Harris, D G (Eds.),... Harris, D G (Eds.), pp 84-92, STS: McLean, VA Shoshan, I., Danon, N N., and Oppenheim, U P (1977) Narrowband operation of a pulsed dye laser without intracavity beam expansion, J Appl Phys 48, 4495-4497 Soffer, B H., and McFarland, B B (1967) Continuously tunable narrow-band organic dye lasers, Appl Phys Lett 10, 266-267 Sorokin, P P and Lankard, J R (1966) Stimulated emission observed from an organic... recent developments in research on coherence properties of femtosecond XUV and x-ray lasers Coherence is one of the most conspicuous features of laser sources It describes how an electromagnetic wave field is correlated at different times and at different points in space Coherence is a property that enables stationary interferences and thereby enables holographic and diffractive or lens less imaging . COHERENCE AND ULTRASHORT PULSE LASER EMISSION Edited by Dr. F. J. Duarte Coherence and Ultrashort Pulse Laser Emission Edited by Dr. F. J. Duarte Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 510 00. 435 Josef Blazej, Ivan Prochazka and Lukas Kral Part 2 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Contents VII Comparison. Diels, (19 90)). The narrow- linewidth tunable pulsed dye laser was demonstrated by Hänsch (19 72) and improved by Shoshan et al. (19 77), Littman and Metcalf (19 78), Duarte and Piper (19 80, 19 81) .