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Trung tâm Ngoại ngữ Bảo An

Table of Content

Unit 16: Revision

The Pursuit

of Happyness

FOUR THINGS I AM DOING TO BE HAPPY

Regardless of your version of true happiness, I believe that living a happier and

more satisfactory life is possible Now, after a great deal of research, I am trying four

strategies to help me get my full happiness

1 Smile

This month, I successfully start each morning

by smiling in the mirror You know what? You

tend to smile when you are happy, but it is in

fact a two-way street We smile because we are

happy, and smiling causes the brain to release

dopamine, which makes us happier

That does not mean you have to go around

with a fake smile on your facetall the time But

the next time you find yourself feeling low, you

should smile and see what happens

2 Exercise

Exercise is positively affecting me a lot, right at this moment of writing this It is not

just beneficial for the body According to recent studies, regular exercise also helps

to reduce stress, feelings of anxiety and symptoms of depression while boosting our

confidence and happiness

Here are two types of exercise that I am doing: a Take a walk around my house

every night after dinner, and b Join a class in yoga

3 Get plenty of sleep

I realize that no matter how much modern society directs us toward less sleep,

enough sleep is vital to good health, brain function, and emotional well-being

Most adults need about 7 or 8 hours of sleep every night So, I always try to regulate

my sleeping time In fact, study shows that when you find yourself hard to be awake

during the day or just feel like you are tired, you should understand that your body

is telling you that it needs more rest

I still remember the time when I prepared for the university entrance exam two

years ago I tried to cram up so terribly that I was still struggling to be awake at 2.00

am But then, I realized that way was not useful So, remember to take a rest and

take a nap when you are exhausted

4 Be grateful

Simply being grateful can give your mood a big boost, among other benefits For example, a recent two part study found that practicing gratitude has a significant impact on feelings of hope and happiness

So, I start each day by thinking of one thing I am grateful for I can do this while I

am brushing my teeth or just waiting for that alarm to go off With a little practice, I became more aware of all the positive things around me

Abridged from healthline.com

Exercise 1

Choose the correct answers based on the information in the reading passage above

1 Circle the activities that the author is doing to be happier

A eating healthier E travelling more

B hanging out with friends everyday F cultivating gratitude

C getting enough sleep G smiling more

D doing light exercise

2 Which of the following statements about “smiling” is not correct?

A Smiling is often what you do when you are in a good mood

B Dopamine, a substance that is released from the brain, boosts our mood effectively

C A fake smile can make you happier

D None of the above

3 What is not the benefit of doing exercise mentioned in the reading?

A Make the body stronger C Make you smarter

B Reduce negative feelings D Increase the happiness & confidence

4 What is the author’s advice when we are tired?

A Try to be awake during the day C Take a break and get some sleep

5 What is the benefit of being grateful?

A Boost the immune system C Make people more hopeful

B Improve happiness D Both B & C

Exercise 2

Fill in the gaps below using ONE WORD ONLY from the reading passage.

1 No matter what your version of true happiness is, it is possible to live a _

life

2 The brain can _ dopamine, which gives our mood a big boost

3 A _ smile cannot make you happy all the time, but it can make you feel

better when you’re feeling down

4 Doing exercise regularly can reduce the symptoms of _

5 Getting enough sleep is beneficial to our _ health

6 Expressing _ makes people more hopeful and happy

Self-reflection

1 Do you do anything to be happier like what the author is practicing?

2 In your opinion, which of the habits is the most/least beneficial? Why?

3 Do you have any other tips for the author to become happier?

Exercise 3

Choose one of the four options for each of the following questions

1 I’m busy at the moment _ on the computer

A work B I work C I’m working D I worked

2 My friend _ the answer to the question

3 At nine yesterday morning we _ for the bus

A wait B is waiting C was waiting D were waiting

4 The earth _ on the sun for its heat and light

A depended B depends C is depending D has depended

5 Every time Prakash sees a movie made in India, he _ homesick

A will have felt B felt C feels D is feeling

6 A small stone struck the windshield while we _ down the gravel road

A drive B were driving C was driving D drove

7 From this graph we can see that the economy _ at the moment

A improves B improve C is improving D are improving

8 Most university students _ on campus in their first year

A lives B live C were living D are living

Exercise 4

Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verbs in brackets

1 I’m busy right now I _ (to fill in) an application form for a new job

2 My tutor _ (to see) me for a tutorial every Monday at two o’clock.

3 John _ (to not study) extremely hard now

I _ (to not think) he will pass his exams.

4 Gloria: What _ (he - to do)?

Stella: He _ (to try) to fix the television aerial.

5 Animals _ (to breathe) in oxygen and _ (to give out) CO2.

6 Be quiet! I _ (to want) to hear the news.

7 In my country, we _ (to drive) on the right-hand side of the road.

8 My friend Joe’s parents _ (to travel) round the world at the moment, and

probably won’t be back for a couple of months

9 The college _ (to run) the same course every year.

10 Numbers of wild butterflies _ (to fall) each year as a result of changes in

farming methods

Exercise 5

What were you doing at these times? The first one has been done as an example

0 (at 8 yesterday evening)

I was scrolling on Tiktok at 8PM yesterday.

1 (at 5 last monday)

Exercise 1

Put the verb in brackets into the present simple or the present continuous The first one has

been done for you as an example

Explain your answers by writing the use of the tense: repeated actions (RA), state verbs (SV) or facts (F) for present simple and temporary situations (TS) or actions happening at the moment

of speaking (AH) for present continuous

0 She always remembers(remember) my birthday

1 I enjoy helping other people because I _ (feel) happy when people

_ (be) grateful for what I often _ (do) for them

2 Look! It _ (rain) I always _ (feel) happy when it

_ (rain).

3 Can you hear those girls? What _ (talk) about?

4 (you - know) Helen?

5 Rachel always _ (get) jealous of what other people have instead of

appreciating what she _ (have).

6 Normally John _ (stay) up late to play video games, but today he

_ (go) to bed early I _ (think) he _ (start)

caring more about his health

7 Ruth _ (be) a vegetarian She _ (eat) meat or fish

8 My father _ (work) as an engineer, but he _ (not work)

right now

9 (you - believe) in happy endings?

10 My parents _ (live) in Sydney

Where (your parents - live)?

11 We _ (own) two cars, an estate car, and a sports car

12 (girls - think) positively about their body shapes?

Many _ (do), but many others _ (not do)

I _ (think) they should learn to love themselves to be happier

13 The River Nile _ (flow) into the Mediterranean

14 My friend Linsay never _ (get) stressed about anything

Her mind _ (be) always in a relaxed state

15 Those flowers _ (smell) lovely What are they?

Exercise 2

Find and correct six mistakes in the following extracts

Extract A: From the graphs, we are seeing that the

number of employees employed by this firm are increasing each year and the number of employees leaving after less than five years decreases

Extract B: The sun heats the ground This is warming the

area nearby and the warm air rises into the sky

As the air is rising, it becomes cooler and the water vapor inside it change into droplets of water These join together to form a cloud

Exercise 3

Put the verbs into the correct form, past continuous or past simple

1 Sue _ (be) in town yesterday, but she _ (not see) me She _ (look) the other way

2 I met Tom and Jane at the airport a few weeks ago They _ (go) to Rome

We _ (have) a chat while we _ (wait) for our flights

3 I _ (cycle) home yesterday when a man _ (step) out onto the road in front of me I _ (go) quite fast, but luckily, I _

(manage) to stop in time and _ (not hit) him

4 Flight 2001 _ (fly) from London to New York when it suddenly

_ (encounter) turbulence and _ (drop) 15,000 feet The plane _ (carry) over 3000 passengers and a crew of 17

5 Last night when we _ (come) down the hill into the town, we

_ (see) a strange object in the sky It just suddenly _

(appear) in front of us We _ (stop) the car and _ (get)

out As we _ (watch) it, it suddenly _ (fly) away and _ (disappear).

Exercise 4

You will hear a woman calling a gym centre to ask about their schedule

As you listen, anwer question 1-10 The first one has been done for you as an example

2 Which of these is free for all members?

A the beginners swimming class

B the training session

C the keep-fit class

3 Which of these does the woman need to book?

A Swimming lanes

B Gym equipment

C Sauna

Questions 4-10

Complete the notes below

Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.

Yoga classes

held on Monday 4 _ and _ mornings

weekend evenings from 5 _ and _

attend 6 _ per week

see instructor to change 7 _

Confessions of

A Shopaholic

Exercise 1

Match the phrases 1-5 to the information a-e to create a meaningful action

1 to grab a shopping cart

2 to try on clothes

3 to get a cheap deal

4 to get the receipt

5 to return something

a from the salesperson

b in the fitting room

c at the checkout counter

d at the store entrance

e at the nearest store

Exercise 2

You will listen to four people answering the question Have you ever bought something that

you’ve never worn? What are the items that each speaker bought?

Listen to the recording for the second time What was the problem with the clothes?

Take notes as you listen, then exchange your answer with your partners

a bought something online, but didn’t like the clothes when they arrived

b bought the clothes too quickly and later didn’t like them

c wanted to look like a famous singer, but looked like another

d suddenly didn’t need the new clothes anymore

Exercise 4

Write sentences and questions using the Present Perfect Use contractions where possible

1 she / buy / a new jacket

Complete the dialogues using the Present Perfect or Past Simple

1 Andy: (you - to buy) any clothes on the Internet?

Haley: Yes, I _

Andy: What (you - to buy)?

Haley: I _ (to buy) a dress for a wedding,

but it _ (to not go) with my shoes!

2 Winnie: (you - to sell) anything on eBay?

Nick: Yes, I _

Winnie: What (you - to sell)?

Nick: Some CDs I _ (to not want) them anymore.

3 Dylan: (you - to wear) any expensive jewelry?

Nicki: No, I _

4 Mary: (you - to lose) your wallet?

Adam: Yes, I have I _ (to leave) it in a cart at the supermarket.

5 Claire: (you - to have) an argument

with a salesperson?

Pepper: Yes, I _ I _ (to not have) the receipt,

so I _ (cannot) exchange a pair of boots.

2 1970s - men - bell bottom trousers - now - men - slim fit pants

_ _ _

3 1980s - women - bright colors - now - women - neutral colors

_ _ _

4 early 2000s - women - tracksuit - now - women - sportwears

_ _ _

Exercise 1

Circle the words with the -ed ending sounds pronounced differently from the others.

1 A finished B escaped C listened D liked

3 A frightened B started C wanted D needed

Exercise 2

Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in present perfect or past simple

0 Have you done (you - do) the grocery shopping today?

1 (you - ever buy) clothes from that store?

2 I _ (always want) a pair of designer shoes

3 I _ (not read) the newspaper yesterday.

4 We _ (not be) to the new shopping mall yet

5 _ (you - give) Lisa her birthday persent at the party last night?

6 They _ (just open) a new fashion boutique down the street.

7 She _ (not buy) such an expensive leather jacket before

8 James _ (take) his pants back to the shop because they were too tight

9 (you - eat) in this restaurant before?

10 Jane _ (get) her nails done a couple of days ago.

Exercise 3

Complete the dialogue with the present perfect or simple past

Doreen: Oh, no! It looks nothing like the one on the website!

Joleen: What’s wrong?

Doreen: I _ (buy) this dress on Shoppy on the flash sale day last week, and

when I _ (get) it from the shipper earlier,

it _ (be) a disaster!

Joleen: Oh, really? Let me see (you - ever buy) any

clothing item from this website before?

Doreen: Yes I _ (buy) some clothes a couple of times already

Joleen: I think you should contact the shop owner to take it back and ask for refunds if

possible

Exercise 4

Complete the sentences 1-5 using been or gone.

0 Matt: Where’s Rob?

Lucy: He’s gone to the basketball game

1 The kids aren’t here They’ve all _ out

2 Have you ever _ to the swimming pool in town?

3 I haven’t _ to Sue’s new apartment yet

4 My sister has _ to teach in Thailand

5 Dad’s _ to the grocery store The refrigerator is full

2 _ percent of the people who have made New Year’s

resolutions follow them

3 Most people abandon their resolutions because they have made

You will hear a recording about New Year’s resolution

Which of the following is the most suitable title for this recording?

A Unachievable New Year’s resolutions can be damaging to your self-esteem

B New Year’s resolutions can be bad for you

C Self-help programs do not actually help you

D How New Year’s resolutions damage your sense of self-worth

Back to the Future

Exercise 3

Complete the sentences using will or be going to Use the contraction form if possible.

1 Manny: Why is Jay learning Spanish?

Gloria: He _ travel to Columbia with me.

2 Pepper: Oh, I’ve just realised I haven’t got any money

Ricardo: Haven’t you? Well, don’t worry I _ lend you some

3 Zoey: I’ve got a headache

Jack: Have you? Wait a second and I _ get an aspirin for you

4 Ronald: Why are you filling that bucket with water?

Ariel: I _ wash the car

5 Tonny: I’ve decided to repaint this room

Ursula: Oh, have you? What colour _ paint it?

6 Joe: Where are you going? Are you going shopping?

Alex: Yes, I _ buy some things for dinner

7 Paris: I don’t know how to use the washing machine

Kim: It’s easy I _ show you

8 Kris: Have you got any plans for tomorrow?

Khloe: Yes, I _ visit my grandparents

Kylie: Did you call Lisa?

Kendal: Oh, no I completely forgot I _ her now

Kris: Has Dan decided what to do when he leaves school?

Katty: Yes Everything is planned

He _ have a holiday for a few weeks

Then he _ do a management training course

a all the people living in a country, area, or place

b containing many of the substances needed for life & growth

c to give food to a person, group, or animal

d to give someone something that they need

e intelligence demonstrated by machines

f not enough of something

g plant grown in large amounts, e.g grain, fruit, vegetable

h to take action in order to solve a problem

Exercise 5

How do you think jobs will change in the future?

Read the following passage and note down the ones that are mentioned

CAREER FIELDS IN THE FUTURE

What new jobs will we be doing 30 years from now? Many of today’s jobs will have disappeared, but what will replace them? Nobody knows for sure, but here are

some ideas from employment experts.

A It is predicted that the Earth’s population will have reached 10 billion people by

2050 As a result, our planet will have become so overpopulated that farmers will be growing crops indoors in order to feed everyone Vertical farmers will also be using more modern agricultural equipment to produce more nutritious food

B Global water shortages will have become a serious problem because the

population will be rising rapidly As a result, people will be struggling to find

water to survive or even fighting against each other to get water To prevent this,

governments will need water police to protect the precious resource and provide

people with equal amounts of water

C Doctors and scientists will have learned how the human brain works and so we

have memory surgeons, who will have put microchips into the brain These chips

will be boosting our thinking ability and adding extra memories to the brain This will make humans become more intelligent

D Artificial intelligence or AI will definitely be one of the most important technologies that we will be focusing on 30 years from now AI might have been highly

developed and become more human-like because it will have started to have

human emotions When AI has emotional or psychological problems, it will need

human help from AI psychologists who will be dealing with these problems and

making sure AI works well

Exercise 6

Do the following statements agree with the information in the reading passage?

In the blanks, write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts with the information

1 Farmers will still be planting vegetables and rice only on farms to make sure that there

will be enough food for everyone

2 More modern machines will be used on farms so that higher quality food is produced

3 The lack of water will not become a serious problem around the world although there will

be more people on Earth

4 The job of water police will be to make sure that everyone has the same amount of water

to use

5 Humans will become more intelligent because we will have known how our brain works

6 Artificial intelligence technology will have been able to have the same feelings as

By 2050, technology will have taken over our lives and there will be no reason for us

to leave our houses

We 1 _ (to do) all our shopping on the Internet and

instead of visiting friends we 2 _ (to chat) to them via

our webcams Many people 3 v (to work) from home in the future too, so cars will no

longer be necessary

As for our houses themselves, they 4 _ (to grow) in size

to incorporate giant solar panels People 5 _ (to throw

away) their ovens and kitchen utensils, and robots 6 _

(to cook) the family meals.

In 2050, everybody 7 _ (to go) to exercise groups in their

area to keep fit The price of beauty treatment 8 _ (to

fall), so everybody 9 _ (to look) good!

So, now let us consider the changes that 1 _ in the next 100 years Unfortunately, I believe that not all changes 2 _ for the better For example, in the future, more and more people 3 _ from home and so they 4 _ more isolated from their

stress on workers this fast pace can bring

I also think these improvements in technology 11 _ even more globalization than now and companies 12 _ very strong international links

Exercise 1

The passage below is an answer to an IELTS writing question

Fill in the blanks with the phrases given in the box

are going to feel

are going to happen

are likely to lead to

are likely to occur

is likely to become are predicted to work will be

will continue

will develop will find will have will result

Thanks to modern technology, there have been enormous changes in the workplace over the past 100 years

What are the most significant changes that have occurred and what changes do you foresee in the next 100 years?

Dear Paul and Claire,

We’re having a wonderful time here in France The weather is beautiful and we’ve got

lots of plans for how to spend the next couple of weeks Tomorrow 1 we’re going out /

we will go out on a glass-bottomed boat to look at the wonderful sea life, and then on

Wednesday we think 2 we’re going to take / we’ll take a tour of the old town Ollie’s aunt

lives quite close, so 3 we’re going to visit / we’ll visit her too if we have time

The hotel is lovely and lively and has lots of good nightlife Tonight 4 they’re going to hold

/ they’ll hold an international evening, with lots of food from different countries

As you know, we’re here with our friends, John and Wendy, but 5 they aren’t going to

stay / they’ll stay as long as us, so 6 we’re probably doing / we’ll probably do the really

“touristy” things with them, and be lazy in our second week You can hire small sailing

boats for the day, so we think 7 we’re going to do / we’ll do that next week, and 8 we’re

also going to try / we’ll try to have time to do some shopping!

I hope you are ready for your big trip 9 You’re going to love / You’ll love Australia In fact,

10 you’re going to probably end up / you’ll probably end up staying there much longer

Exercise 3

Write complete sentences based on the given words, use future continuous or future perfect

1 twenty years’ time / Internet / be / accessible / people around the world

Write sentences about yourself using four different future tenses

1 Make three plans or arrangements for your future

2 Predict three things that you think will happen to the workplace

3 Write two things that you will have done about your work/study in five years’ time

4 Write two things that you will be doing by this time next year

Exercise 5

You will hear a recording about health As you listen, answer the following questions

Question 1

1 What is the best title for the talk?

A How to live healthily in the future

B Predictions about how people will protect their health

C Prevention of dangerous diseases in the future

D Health problems in the future

Question 2‒7

Do the following statements agree with the information in the recording?

Write TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts with the information

2 The speaker surely knows what will happen to our health in the future

3 According to the speaker, the most possible way to protect our health is prevention

4 Smart machines will check users’ health and collect the data continuously

5 With the collected data, doctors will give health models to treat the health problems

6 Health prevention always helps people live healthily without diseases

7 Artificial organs can not only work like natural organs but also can replace them

Cloudy with a chance of

Meatballs

Exercise 1

You are going to hear four people, Charles,

Alfredo, Qiang Shi, and Pauline talk about

different food cultures

After you have listened, choose the best title

for the talk

a Our favourite dishes

b Food culture shocks in some countries

c Dishes from some countries

d Eating habits in some countries

Exercise 2

Which speakers expressed the statements below?

In the blanks, write C for Charles, A for Alfredo, Q for Qiang Shi and P for Pauline.

1 In his/her country, many people become vegetarians for ethical reasons

2 He/she prefers the food culture in his/her own country where eating home cooked meals is more important

3 In his/her culture, refusing food offers for the first time

is a sign of politeness

4 He/she expresses his/her hatred towards fast food culture

5 He/she found it difficult to eat rice with his/her fingers

6 When he/she travelled to some countries, there were only limited food options for vegetarians

Exercise 3

Listen to the recording again and fill in the blanks with ONE WORD ONLY.

1 In India, you should use your _ to pop rice into your mouth

2 Dhal is used as a _ when you use your fingertips to put rice into your

mouth

3 Burgers and sandwiches are considered _ food to Alfredo because they

are not healthy

4 For Alfredo, food plays an important role in a person’s _

5 In China, if you refuse food, the host will usually _ the offer

6 In some countries, eating meat represents _

Exercise 4

Fill in the blanks with a / an / the if necessary.

1 He has _ boy and _ girl _ boy is 22 and _ girl is 17

2 His son is _ engineer and his daughter is _ undergraduate at UCLA

3 He always has _ cheese sandwiches for _ lunch

4 My family used to stay at _ Grand Budapest Hotel when we went to Zubrowka

5 _ few people came to _ family gathering by _ taxi.

6 It was such _ wonderful party We had _ best time ever

7 I go out to _ work I work at _ home on _ computer

8 I do all my grocery shopping on _ Shopee What _ great way to shop!

Exercise 5

There is a mistake in each of the following sentences Find and correct it

1 Jason is postman, so he has breakfast at 4.00 a.m

2 The love is more important than money

3 I come to school by the bike

4 Hermione is reading one good book at the moment

5 I live in centre of town, near the hospital

6 My parents bought the lovely house in the country

7 I always have the toast for breakfast because I like crunchy food

Exercise 6

The text below describes four national dishes Match each paragraph to the correct picture

Do you know which country each dish belongs to?

NATIONAL CHOICES

A _

It’s a simple dish: You cook some lamb, a lot of potatoes and a few onions together Some people add carrots and other vegetables, but experts say that the real stew doesn’t have any other vegetables

B _

Roast beef and Yorkshire pudding is a popular dish for Sunday lunchtime, but

most people say that fish and chips is the national dish Unfortunately, it’s been so popular that there isn’t much cod (give meaning) left in the sea!

Exercise 8

Fill in the blanks with the most suitable word some / any / much / many.

1 There are _ mushrooms in the fridge

2 Are _ people vegetarian in your country?

3 I don’t put _ sugar in my tea - just half a spoonful

4 Do we have _ flour left?

5 Can I have _ more cake, please?

6 How _ red meat do you eat every week?

Exercise 7

There is a grammatical mistake in the sentences below Find and correct them

1 Fresh fruit are healthy and we should eat them every day

2 Chips cooked in the oven is healthier than fried chips

3 The burgers and the pizza are the cheapest foods you can buy

4 In the India it is easy to find the vegetarian food

5 My favourite food is chickens

Exercise 1

Fill in the blanks with the correct words

A some / any

1 Have they got _ children?

2 We don’t need _ olive oil

3 Can you lend me _ money?

4 Is there _ petrol in the car?

5 Can I have _ cake?

B much / many

1 Have you got _ homework?

2 We don’t need _ eggs Just half a dozen

3 Is there _ traffic in your town?

4 I don’t know _ students in this class

5 How _ time have you got?

C a little / a few / a lot of

1 I have _ very close friends Two or three

2 He has _ money He’s a millionaire

3 “Do you take sugar in coffee?” - “Just _ Half a spoonful”

4 I’ll be ready in _ minutes

5 She speaks good Spanish, but only _ Russian

D some/any/every/no + thing/one/body/where

1 Andy: Did you meet _ nice at the party?

Barry: Yes I met _ who knows you!

2 Chloe: Ouch! There’s _ in my eye!

Daisy: Let me look No, I can’t see _

3 Ethan: Let’s go _ hot for our holidays

Frances: But we can’t go _ that’s too expensive

4 Gavin: Where are my glasses? I can’t find them _

Harley: Are they on the top of your head?

5 Iris: It was a great party _ loved it

James: They did _ wanted to go home

6 Kyle: Did you get _ nice in the sales?

Lucas: No, nothing I couldn’t find _ I liked

E how much / how many

1 We’ve got some eggs → How many eggs have we got?

2 We need some flour →

3 She has a lot of children →

4 Can you buy some butter? →

5 Their house has a lot of bedrooms →

6 Some people are coming for a meal on Sunday → _

7 Shakespeare wrote a lot of plays →

8 She earns a fortune! → _

Exercise 2

Match the questions 1-10 and answer a-j of these sentences and join them by adding a little or

a few.

1 Does your tooth hurt?

2 Were there many people at the party? _

3 Is there any food leftover?

4 Have you got any milk?

Exercise 3

Complete the following senteces using a / an / the.

1 I bought a hat and a pair of shoes at the shops

Unfortunately, _ shoes are _ wrong size I’ll take them back tomorrow

2 Matthew: Where are _ children?

Nicole: They’re in _ garden

3 My sister’s _ teacher in _ school near Leicester

She has three children, two girls, and _ boy

_ girls are in her class at school, but _ boy isn’t old enough for school yet

4 Jane and Bill are _ very nice couple

She has _ clothes shop, and he works in _ office in _ centre of town

5 Olivia: Where are my shoes?

Phoenix: On _ floor in _ kitchen

6 Quill: How much are the driving lessons?

Rory: Fifteen pounds _ hour

7 When you come to bed, can you put _ cat out and turn off _ lights?

8 What’s _ name of _ restaurant we went to last night?

5 Do you have any books on French Literature?

6 Would you like some icecream?

7 Do you watch much TV? _

8 Do you get many letters?

9 Do your children get a lot of homework? _

10 Are there many Spanish guys in your class?

a it takes them about an hour a night

b I’m trying to lose weight

c you can borrow them if you want

d the children ate most of it

e but I prefer reading

f but most of them come from France

g I’ll go to the dentist’s tomorrow

h but no one that you know

i but most of them are bills

j I’ve already used most of it to make this cake

Exercise 4

The pictures show the process of making string hoppers Match the short instructions to the

pictures Then complete the sentences using a / an / the and quantifiers (some, a few….) if

necessary

a push through / string hopper press*

b add / water / flour

c cook / steamer

d put / rice / grinder / grind / into / flour

e mix / form / dough

f serve / spicy curries

An Inconvenient Truth

Exercise 1

Read the sentences below What is the meaning of the underlined phrases in each sentence?

Match them to the meaning a-g

a animals that give birth

b new idea(s)

c to find

d plants and animals

e catching too many fish

f related to the sea

g to produce young animals

1 The rainforests of Brazil have the most species of

biodiversity in the world

2 Even the smallest baby can identify its mother by

her voice

3 Innovation in technology is important to improve

the qualities of products

4 Overfishing is the cause of the decline

5 Oil spills can be toxic to marine plants and animals

6 Beef cattle are not kept to breed

7 Humans, dogs, and dolphins are all mammals,

while birds and fish lay eggs

OCEAN BIODIVERSITY

Both the levels of fish and mammal biodiversity in the world’s oceans have been

declining in recent years as a result of overfishing and marine pollution However,

new equipment and a return to more traditional ways of fishing have shown how this

trend can be controlled An example of this can be seen in the south Pacific where

tuna fishermen have started to use special deep sea nets in order to avoid catching

and killing smaller fish The amount of small fish caught with these nets has already

declined in the south Pacific, and fishermen in other oceans across the world are

interested in trying different techniques to reduce their impact on ocean biodiversity

Exercise 2

Complete the sentences 1-4 using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the reading passage

1 Pollution and excess fishing have caused a decrease in the amount of

_ in the seas

2 The use of _ has caused a reduction in the quantity of

small fish caught by the fishing industry

3 According to experts, the _ is damaging to the

reproduction habits of whales in the Atlantic Ocean

4 Each creative idea is _ in order to protect the oceans of the future and the variety of marine life

A few fishing companies have been studying technologies to identify areas which are likely to attract fish This makes the fishing companies more efficient and reduces their environmental impact by reducing the amount of travel In addition, scientists have been working on identifying the swimming channels of whales in the Atlantic

to ensure that ships do not cross the channels and cause problems to the whales’ communication These scientists have discovered that disruption from the noise of ships has a negative effect on their breeding patterns Every innovation in this area is useful for protecting the diversity of the oceans in the future Scientists, together with fishermen are working towards solutions, so that some progress is being made in the relationship with the inhabitants

Exercise 3

Underline the subjects of the sentences below Which one is singular and which one is plural?

Write S for singular and P for plural.

1 Both the levels of fish and mammal biodiversity [ ] have been declining [ ]

2 The amount of small fish caught with these nets has already declined [ ]

3 A few fishing companies have been studying technologies to identify areas which are likely to attract fish

4 This makes the fishing companies more efficient and reduces their environmental impact by reducing the amount of travel

5 These scientists have discovered that disruption from the noise of ships has a negative effect on their breeding patterns

6 Every innovation in this area is useful for protecting the diversity of the oceans in the future

7 Scientists, together with fishermen, are working towards solutions, [ ]

Exercise 4

Are these sentences grammatically correct? Find the mistakes and fix them

1 There is many causes that leads to air pollution like: industrial and traffic exhaust

2 A lot of money were invested to clean the To Lich river

3 In many countries, both governments and citizens joins hands to protect the

environment

4 The environment have been heavily polluted since the industrial revolution

5 One of my friends are an environmentalist

6 The number of endangered species are increasing as the pollution are getting worse

7 Each country have to join hands to save the environment

Exercise 1

Match the sentences 1-4 to endings a-d so that the subjects and verbs agree and the sentences are meaningful

1 A vast sum of money

2 Both time and money

3 Those energy companies

4 Every energy company in the EU

Exercise 2

Underline the correct verb form

1 Every student has / have to register

2 Each of the participants is / are responsible

3 What we need is / are some good advice

4 The amount of work I got through in July was / were double the amount that I did before

5 Whoever is / are responsible should be present

6 Three million dollars is / are a huge sum of money

7 2.2 pounds is / are one kilo

a were spent on developing the wind turbines

b is increasing the cost of electricity and gas for consumers

c was spent on developing the wind turbines

d are increasing the cost of electricity and gas for consumers

8 Two weeks is / are enough time to finish the contract.

9 More than one trainee has / have tried this

10 A phone book along with other books was / were piled on his desk

11 Jim, together with Tom, is / are going sailing

12 Neither of the two traffic lights is / are working

13 Which color do you prefer? - Either is / are fine with me

14 Everyone has / have done his or her homework Nothing was / were left

15 Somebody has / have left her purse

16 The manager and his associates is / are going to jail

17 If both the father and the mother works / work, who will care for the kids?

18 In Nepal the disabled is / are deprived of their basic human rights

19 A group of us is / are going to the theater tonight

20 A couple of men is / are waiting outside

21 There is / are a lot of work There is / are a lot of tasks

22 The majority of British citizens in Lebanon has / have dual nationality

23 My father or my brothers is / are coming with me to the ball game

24 The number of lost tourists has / have increased recently

25 That bag of oranges looks / look fresh

either every

most neither

none that

this this

My hometown is smaller than London, but there are some similarities

1 _ of the two cities is famous for its architecture For example,

2 _ Kuala Lumpur and London have tall, modern buildings,

set among older historical buildings Although both cities have rivers running

through them, 3 _ city is by the sea, which is a shame, as I think

4 _ beautiful cities are by the sea

5 _ major city in the world has one thing in common being

large and busy and 6 _ is true of both London and Kuala Lumpur

In fact, some people don’t like my city because it is so noisy and busy, but

7 _ is one reason why I love it 8 _ city markets

take place in the daytime, but in my home city, they don’t open until it’s dark

Malaysians tend to buy all their groceries at the night markets In London,

9 _ people tend to use supermarkets for their food shopping It is

always hot in Kula Lumpur, but London can get very cold 10 _ is

probably why you get outdoor restaurants all over Kuala Lumpur all year round

whereas in London there are almost 11 _ in the winter In some

restaurants in Kuala Lumpur, you can go to the kitchen and point at the food and

say, “I’ll have one of those, please” You can’t do that in London!

Exercise 4

Complete the sentences using the given words/phrases

1 humans / be / main cause / water pollution