Decision Support Systems, Advances in ppt

Decision Support Systems, Advances in Decision Support Systems, Advances in Edited by Ger Devlin Intech IV Published by Intech Intech Olajnica 19/2, 32000 Vukovar, Croatia Abstracting and non-profit use of the material is permitted with credit to the source. Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published articles. Publisher assumes no responsibility liability for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained inside. After this work has been published by the Intech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are an author or editor, and the make other personal use of the work. © 2010 Intech Free online edition of this book you can find under www.sciyo.com Additional copies can be obtained from: publication@sciyo.com First published March 2010 Printed in India Technical Editor: Teodora Smiljanic Cover designed by Dino Smrekar Decision Support Systems, Advances in, Edited by Ger Devlin p. cm. ISBN 978-953-307-069-8 Preface “Be willing to make decisions. That’s the most important quality in a good leader. Don’t fall victim to what I call the ‘ready-aim-aim-aim-aim syndrome’. You must be willing to fire.” T. Boone Pickens As the quote above states, be willing to make decisions. This book by In-Tech publishing helps the reader understand the power of informed decision making by covering a broad range of DSS (Decision Support Systems) applications in the fields of medical, environmental, transport and business. The expertise of the chapter writers spans an equally extensive spectrum of researchers from around the globe including universities in Canada, Mexico, Brazil and the United States, to institutes and universities in Italy, Germany, Poland, France, United Kingdom, Romania, Turkey and Ireland to as far east as Malaysia and Singapore and as far north as Finland. Decision Support Systems are not a new technology but they have evolved and developed with the ever demanding necessity to analyse a large number of options for decision makers (DM) for specific situations, where there is an increasing level of uncertainty about the problem at hand and where there is a high impact relative to the correct decisions to be made. DSS’s offer decision makers a more stable solution to solving the semi-structured and unstructured problem. This is exactly what the reader will see in this book. As I read through the chapters it is soon evident that this book provides a wide resource of applications as to how one can design, develop and implement a DSS in the areas such as environmental science and engineering looking at such applications from determining spatial risk zones of the Popocatepetl volcano in Mexico, to developing a web based DSS to manage the growing of wheat crops for a less intensive and more sustainable method of farming in Italy. Other chapters include an ecohydrological and morphological DSS used in the North Rhine Westphalia (NRW) in Germany to help adhere to the EU Water Framework Directive. An online DSS to look and predict the hydrodynamic and water quality in Lake Constance in the Bodensee region in Germany is also presented. A medical DSS developed in Poland and the USA describes the advances in computer based medical systems to improve the initial patient diagnosis and subsequent therapy to eliminate potential human error. A similar application in Germany looks at the tools of artificial intelligence (A.I.) in medicine to again, assist in the decision making of symptoms, tests disease and eventual treatment options. Chapters 8 and 10 discuss other medical DSS’s. VI The transport sector is also addressed in Turkey by looking into the vehicle routing problem (VRP) concerning the pick-up and distribution of goods through a mathematical and algorithimic programming approach - Vehicle Routing Problems with Pick-Up and Delivery (VRPPD). A similar typed application was developed in Ireland for optimally determining articulated trucking routes based on distance and cost per kilometre. Decision support for truck route modelling (D-TRM). Chapter 12 looks at the ever popular location selection problem, but this time using a fuzzy logic function deployment method developed in both Iran and Canada. Tools for the business sector include developing a virtual collaborative decision environment (VCDE) in chapter 14 to simulate decision making regarding a virtual company. In Malaysia, a new era of Active or Intelligent DSS (iDSS) assists managers with intelligent techniques for the operations of HR management. “In any moment of decision the best thing you can do is the right thing, the next best thing is the wrong thing, and the worst thing you can do is nothing.” Theodore Roosevelt Editor Ger Devlin Biosystems Engineering, University College Dublin Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland Contents Preface V 1. A Web-based Decision Support System for Managing Durum Wheat Crops 001 Vittorio Rossi, Pierluigi Meriggi, Tito Caffi, Simona Giosué and Tiziano Bettati 2. Development of an Open Source GIS Based Decision Support System for Locating Wind Farms in Wallonia (Southern Belgium) 027 Philippe Lejeune, Thibaut Gheysen, Quentin Ducenne and Jacques Rondeux 3. Forecasting Rubber Production using Intelligent Time Series Analysis to Support Decision Makers 043 Panida Subsorn, Dr. Jitian Xiao and Dr. Judy Clayden 4. Fuzzy Spatial Data Warehouse: A Multidimensional Model 057 Pérez David, Somodevilla María J. and Pineda Ivo H. 5. Rule-Based System for Morphological and Ecohydrological Decision Making 067 Hani Sewilam and Heribert Nacken 6. The Decision Support System BodenseeOnline for Hydrodynamics and Water Quality in Lake Constance 081 Ulrich Lang, Roland Schick and Gerd Schröder 7. Action Rules Approach to Solving Diagnostic Problems in Clinical Medicine 099 Hanna A. Wasyluk and Zbigniew W. Raś 8. Assessing the Possibility of Identifying Precancerous Cervical Lesions using Aceto-White Temporal Patterns 107 Héctor-Gabriel Acosta-Mesa, Nicandro Cruz-Ramírez, Karina Gutiérrez-Fragoso, Rocío-Erandi Barrientos-Martínez and Rodolfo Hernández-Jiménez VIII 9. Clinical Decision Support with Guidelines and Bayesian Networks 117 Oliver Nee and Andreas Hein 10. Computerized Interpretation of Cardiovascular Physiological Signals 137 Bing Nan LI, Mang I VAI and Ming Chui DONG 11. Decision Support System for Truck Route Modelling (D – TRM) 169 Devlin, Dr Ger 12. A Proposed Decision Support System for Location Selection using Fuzzy Quality Function Deployment 187 R. Tavakkoli-Moghaddam, S. Hassanzadeh Amin and G. Zhang 13. Simultaneous Pick-up and Delivery Decision Support Systems 203 Cevriye Gencer, Emel Kızılkaya Aydoğan and Suna Çetin 14. Decision Mining and Modeling in a Virtual Collaborative Decision Environment 215 Razvan Petrusel 15. Decision Support Using Simulation for Customer-Driven Manufacturing System Design and Operations Planning 235 Juhani Heilala, Jari Montonen, Paula Järvinen and Sauli Kivikunnas 16. Intelligent Techniques for Decision Support System in Human Resource Management 261 Hamidah Jantan, Abdul Razak Hamdan and Zulaiha Ali Othman 17. Flexible Dialogues in Decision Support Systems 277 Flávio R. S. Oliveira and Fernando B. Lima Neto 18. iWDSS-Tender: Intelligent Web-based Decision Support System for Tender Evaluation 291 Noor Maizura Mohamad Noor and Mustafa Man 19. Towards an Optimal Decision Support System 299 Witold Kosiński, Grzegorz Dziczkowski, Bruno Golénia and Katarzyna Węgrzyn-Wolska 20. A Silvicultural Decision Support System to Compare Forest Management Scenarios for Larch Stands on a Multicriteria Basis. 325 Jacques Rondeux, Jacques Hebert, Hugues Claessens and Philippe Lejeune [...]... significant cost in durum wheat production and can adversely impact both crop and environment when the mineral N leaches out of the crop field and into aquifers N influences grain yield, grain protein, and grain protein concentration (Toderi & D’Antuono, 2000) Because N is obtained from the soil, plant-available soil N directly influences grain protein yield The ratio of grain protein yield to total grain yield... technological infrastructure used for developing the DSS is hosted on three servers, as shown in Table 3 and Figure 11 4 DSS output This section discusses examples of the decision supports provided by the DSS for choosing crop rotation, determining the optimum rate of sowing, checking crop growth and development, defining nitrogen fertilization in terms of fertilizer dose and application schedule, defining weed... (scouting, analyses, etc.) to a database The information is manipulated, analyzed, and interpreted though comparison with available expert knowledge as part of the decision process The information is processed for producing a decision support As noted earlier, the decision itself is the responsibility of the 4 Decision Support Systems, Advances in user, and the DSS is not designed to replace the decision. .. replace the decision maker but to help in making choices by providing additional information A decision results in an action to be executed within the crop environment After the action is carried out, the environment is again monitored to begin a new cycle of information flow Thus, information flows to and from the environment in an endless loop that begins with sensing and ends with action (Sonka et al.,... 1974; Wainwright & Mulligan, 2004) In this context, prediction is the process of estimation 8 Decision Support Systems, Advances in in unknown past or current situations, which is different from forecasting, the latter term being reserved for extrapolations at future times Nevertheless, these predictive models can be used as forecasters by using weather forecasts as input factors, or by linking past... present in the corresponding cells of Table 5 R ranges between -3.86 and 4.43 The DSS finally defines four levels of increasing risk: low (R≤-2), intermediate (-2 . Decision Support Systems, Advances in Decision Support Systems, Advances in Edited by Ger Devlin Intech IV Published by Intech Intech Olajnica. can be integrated into the crop management as soon as they are reliable (EISA, 2001). Decision Support Systems, Advances in 2 Decision Support Systems (DSSs) collect, organize, and integrate. decisions. This book by In- Tech publishing helps the reader understand the power of informed decision making by covering a broad range of DSS (Decision Support Systems) applications in the fields of