Lecture Business research methods (12e) Chapter 17: Hypothesis testing. After studying this chapter you will be able to understand: The nature and logic of hypothesis testing, a statistically significant difference, the sixstep hypothesis testing procedure, the differences between parametric and nonparametric tests and when to use each, the factors that influence the selection of an appropriate test of statistical significance, how to... Đề tài Hoàn thiện công tác quản trị nhân sự tại Công ty TNHH Mộc Khải Tuyên được nghiên cứu nhằm giúp công ty TNHH Mộc Khải Tuyên làm rõ được thực trạng công tác quản trị nhân sự trong công ty như thế nào từ đó đề ra các giải pháp giúp công ty hoàn thiện công tác quản trị nhân sự tốt hơn trong thời gian tới.
Chapter 17 HYPOTHESIS TESTING 6f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 6e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66 b5ff294 1e747 e e1b11a9 32da b860 f81 b6f9bdc32 ecac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f8 932dab860 f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7776e 0cf7b6 0da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2 941e 747e6 f87e 1b1 1a 860f8 1b6 f9bdc32eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff29 41e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32da b f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7 776e0 cf7b6 0da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b86 6f9bdc3 2eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff294 1e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32dab860 f81 b dc32e cac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f87 e1b1 1a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 b 32eca c7776 e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc c7776 e0cf7b60da 52f6 cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc32e ca e0cf7b60 da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 fc3a3 f93a 08582 6d66a 60f835 d2406 ea15 f7e7 b88cbf5e9cb78 cc9e16 d1072 e24 c3ee4 7d0800 c6a8 0136 f54 da448 1c2 b397 7f6 f33 e0be 8a4b3 d678 cc5b77 828 cc3 7ae38 f66a4 9c84a7 1dc1cb825a 4f1 d7c732fb9a4 e5765 f83 10c1984 f96 1e06 cf3 fc71f185b5ad74 b fac7b7b2 0dfcfdcdf1 cf4 2b2 fc6 b5a c1e9 c4a51ae fef5b7 de7f4b3 cc9e5d780d33d5 94 9e3f2 1bf4656 147e4 1c5 63d1 76a97 9e946 6be8 9c63 c0e 2907 0df0e654 8e28 c32 c6 f8f7 7ea8e433 c9 f051 8c9 06b9a 684d9d02 5cb598 854db148 3a8024 9bc348 7e1be 4646 2d7a b f21d145b5b08 b8e1 f8 c76 f42 b4ce 759fb93 c48 e7f8a41e7 8571e 64a2 f48b0e5 c8d4 bb8 df3 fa34df8 f2c9de ba5dcb1e e30bc7d67cb1d4163 72d9 47cdab0 1c5 76b2 b2efb3 c49a2 08d258 539 bc6 96d5a 3b1a4 c49 7180 bae30 dc4 4793a3 dc5d19 4ad09 3cb5c3f9 9f2 02398 30ff2d29 b07 f39 d69e d7d2 e358bfca d25b40c5434 0e68a b4ee2 b76e0 b2a8 65300 be6e 95f4 fcb5fd1f4 934 f29e7 ee6d7cfa 31ddc0 5b49 f94 3c1 e22 f3b5 c0e4a d46 2e7c96fc5b 3f9 f11 c9f0 8a6db91a1 7118e 3de6 3e7a02 f9 c1d19137 7d0a7a 34d40ff5b8 453 f6f4e0e McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2014 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All rights reserved 59e15a9 f853 8397 40b3 e9ac33e6fc51 7d8 b739 3a5076 c67 d16e 7cc03df1 b1f0b9 fc0 46 3a67e368 0a4d3d50 cf8d5 f476 8201 e328 cbbba50 c741 ebd4f6 b2e1 0316e d218 e1d2 918 0d4204 90efb3ab05fb73 c76 f04 f402 4609 30bbbd8c70 8725 e74dc8 cf9a 5b23 c6 ce52 6d Learning Objectives Understand The nature and logic of hypothesis testing A statistically significant difference The six-step hypothesis testing procedure 6f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 6e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66 b5ff294 1e747 e e1b11a9 32da b860 f81 b6f9bdc32 ecac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f8 932dab860 f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7776e 0cf7b6 0da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2 941e 747e6 f87e 1b1 1a 860f8 1b6 f9bdc32eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff29 41e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32da b f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7 776e0 cf7b6 0da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b86 6f9bdc3 2eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff294 1e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32dab860 f81 b dc32e cac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f87 e1b1 1a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 b 32eca c7776 e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc c7776 e0cf7b60da 52f6 cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc32e ca e0cf7b60 da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 fc3a3 f93a 08582 6d66a 60f835 d2406 ea15 f7e7 b88cbf5e9cb78 cc9e16 d1072 e24 c3ee4 7d0800 c6a8 0136 f54 da448 1c2 b397 7f6 f33 e0be 8a4b3 d678 cc5b77 828 cc3 7ae38 f66a4 9c84a7 1dc1cb825a 4f1 d7c732fb9a4 e5765 f83 10c1984 f96 1e06 cf3 fc71f185b5ad74 b fac7b7b2 0dfcfdcdf1 cf4 2b2 fc6 b5a c1e9 c4a51ae fef5b7 de7f4b3 cc9e5d780d33d5 94 9e3f2 1bf4656 147e4 1c5 63d1 76a97 9e946 6be8 9c63 c0e 2907 0df0e654 8e28 c32 c6 f8f7 7ea8e433 c9 f051 8c9 06b9a 684d9d02 5cb598 854db148 3a8024 9bc348 7e1be 4646 2d7a b f21d145b5b08 b8e1 f8 c76 f42 b4ce 759fb93 c48 e7f8a41e7 8571e 64a2 f48b0e5 c8d4 bb8 df3 fa34df8 f2c9de ba5dcb1e e30bc7d67cb1d4163 72d9 47cdab0 1c5 76b2 b2efb3 c49a2 08d258 539 bc6 96d5a 3b1a4 c49 7180 bae30 dc4 4793a3 dc5d19 4ad09 3cb5c3f9 9f2 02398 30ff2d29 b07 f39 d69e d7d2 e358bfca d25b40c5434 0e68a b4ee2 b76e0 b2a8 65300 be6e 95f4 fcb5fd1f4 934 f29e7 ee6d7cfa 31ddc0 5b49 f94 3c1 e22 f3b5 c0e4a d46 2e7c96fc5b 3f9 f11 c9f0 8a6db91a1 7118e 3de6 3e7a02 f9 c1d19137 7d0a7a 34d40ff5b8 453 f6f4e0e 59e15a9 f853 8397 40b3 e9ac33e6fc51 7d8 b739 3a5076 c67 d16e 7cc03df1 b1f0b9 fc0 46 3a67e368 0a4d3d50 cf8d5 f476 8201 e328 cbbba50 c741 ebd4f6 b2e1 0316e d218 e1d2 918 0d4204 90efb3ab05fb73 c76 f04 f402 4609 30bbbd8c70 8725 e74dc8 cf9a 5b23 c6 ce52 6d 17-2 Learning Objectives Understand The differences between parametric and nonparametric tests and when to use each The factors that influence the selection of an appropriate test of statistical significance How to interpret the various test statistics 6f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 6e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66 b5ff294 1e747 e e1b11a9 32da b860 f81 b6f9bdc32 ecac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f8 932dab860 f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7776e 0cf7b6 0da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2 941e 747e6 f87e 1b1 1a 860f8 1b6 f9bdc32eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff29 41e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32da b f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7 776e0 cf7b6 0da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b86 6f9bdc3 2eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff294 1e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32dab860 f81 b dc32e cac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f87 e1b1 1a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 b 32eca c7776 e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc c7776 e0cf7b60da 52f6 cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc32e ca e0cf7b60 da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 fc3a3 f93a 08582 6d66a 60f835 d2406 ea15 f7e7 b88cbf5e9cb78 cc9e16 d1072 e24 c3ee4 7d0800 c6a8 0136 f54 da448 1c2 b397 7f6 f33 e0be 8a4b3 d678 cc5b77 828 cc3 7ae38 f66a4 9c84a7 1dc1cb825a 4f1 d7c732fb9a4 e5765 f83 10c1984 f96 1e06 cf3 fc71f185b5ad74 b fac7b7b2 0dfcfdcdf1 cf4 2b2 fc6 b5a c1e9 c4a51ae fef5b7 de7f4b3 cc9e5d780d33d5 94 9e3f2 1bf4656 147e4 1c5 63d1 76a97 9e946 6be8 9c63 c0e 2907 0df0e654 8e28 c32 c6 f8f7 7ea8e433 c9 f051 8c9 06b9a 684d9d02 5cb598 854db148 3a8024 9bc348 7e1be 4646 2d7a b f21d145b5b08 b8e1 f8 c76 f42 b4ce 759fb93 c48 e7f8a41e7 8571e 64a2 f48b0e5 c8d4 bb8 df3 fa34df8 f2c9de ba5dcb1e e30bc7d67cb1d4163 72d9 47cdab0 1c5 76b2 b2efb3 c49a2 08d258 539 bc6 96d5a 3b1a4 c49 7180 bae30 dc4 4793a3 dc5d19 4ad09 3cb5c3f9 9f2 02398 30ff2d29 b07 f39 d69e d7d2 e358bfca d25b40c5434 0e68a b4ee2 b76e0 b2a8 65300 be6e 95f4 fcb5fd1f4 934 f29e7 ee6d7cfa 31ddc0 5b49 f94 3c1 e22 f3b5 c0e4a d46 2e7c96fc5b 3f9 f11 c9f0 8a6db91a1 7118e 3de6 3e7a02 f9 c1d19137 7d0a7a 34d40ff5b8 453 f6f4e0e 59e15a9 f853 8397 40b3 e9ac33e6fc51 7d8 b739 3a5076 c67 d16e 7cc03df1 b1f0b9 fc0 46 3a67e368 0a4d3d50 cf8d5 f476 8201 e328 cbbba50 c741 ebd4f6 b2e1 0316e d218 e1d2 918 0d4204 90efb3ab05fb73 c76 f04 f402 4609 30bbbd8c70 8725 e74dc8 cf9a 5b23 c6 ce52 6d 17-3 Pull Quote “A fact is a simple statement that everyone believes It is innocent, unless found guilty A hypothesis is a novel suggestion that no one wants to believe It is guilty, until found effective.” Edward Teller, theoretical physicist, “father of the hydrogen bomb” (1908–2003) 6f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 6e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66 b5ff294 1e747 e e1b11a9 32da b860 f81 b6f9bdc32 ecac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f8 932dab860 f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7776e 0cf7b6 0da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2 941e 747e6 f87e 1b1 1a 860f8 1b6 f9bdc32eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff29 41e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32da b f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7 776e0 cf7b6 0da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b86 6f9bdc3 2eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff294 1e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32dab860 f81 b dc32e cac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f87 e1b1 1a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 b 32eca c7776 e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc c7776 e0cf7b60da 52f6 cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc32e ca e0cf7b60 da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 fc3a3 f93a 08582 6d66a 60f835 d2406 ea15 f7e7 b88cbf5e9cb78 cc9e16 d1072 e24 c3ee4 7d0800 c6a8 0136 f54 da448 1c2 b397 7f6 f33 e0be 8a4b3 d678 cc5b77 828 cc3 7ae38 f66a4 9c84a7 1dc1cb825a 4f1 d7c732fb9a4 e5765 f83 10c1984 f96 1e06 cf3 fc71f185b5ad74 b fac7b7b2 0dfcfdcdf1 cf4 2b2 fc6 b5a c1e9 c4a51ae fef5b7 de7f4b3 cc9e5d780d33d5 94 9e3f2 1bf4656 147e4 1c5 63d1 76a97 9e946 6be8 9c63 c0e 2907 0df0e654 8e28 c32 c6 f8f7 7ea8e433 c9 f051 8c9 06b9a 684d9d02 5cb598 854db148 3a8024 9bc348 7e1be 4646 2d7a b f21d145b5b08 b8e1 f8 c76 f42 b4ce 759fb93 c48 e7f8a41e7 8571e 64a2 f48b0e5 c8d4 bb8 df3 fa34df8 f2c9de ba5dcb1e e30bc7d67cb1d4163 72d9 47cdab0 1c5 76b2 b2efb3 c49a2 08d258 539 bc6 96d5a 3b1a4 c49 7180 bae30 dc4 4793a3 dc5d19 4ad09 3cb5c3f9 9f2 02398 30ff2d29 b07 f39 d69e d7d2 e358bfca d25b40c5434 0e68a b4ee2 b76e0 b2a8 65300 be6e 95f4 fcb5fd1f4 934 f29e7 ee6d7cfa 31ddc0 5b49 f94 3c1 e22 f3b5 c0e4a d46 2e7c96fc5b 3f9 f11 c9f0 8a6db91a1 7118e 3de6 3e7a02 f9 c1d19137 7d0a7a 34d40ff5b8 453 f6f4e0e 59e15a9 f853 8397 40b3 e9ac33e6fc51 7d8 b739 3a5076 c67 d16e 7cc03df1 b1f0b9 fc0 46 3a67e368 0a4d3d50 cf8d5 f476 8201 e328 cbbba50 c741 ebd4f6 b2e1 0316e d218 e1d2 918 0d4204 90efb3ab05fb73 c76 f04 f402 4609 30bbbd8c70 8725 e74dc8 cf9a 5b23 c6 ce52 6d 17-4 Hypothesis Testing Inductive Reasoning Deductive Reasoning 6f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 6e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66 b5ff294 1e747 e e1b11a9 32da b860 f81 b6f9bdc32 ecac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f8 932dab860 f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7776e 0cf7b6 0da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2 941e 747e6 f87e 1b1 1a 860f8 1b6 f9bdc32eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff29 41e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32da b f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7 776e0 cf7b6 0da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b86 6f9bdc3 2eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff294 1e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32dab860 f81 b dc32e cac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f87 e1b1 1a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 b 32eca c7776 e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc c7776 e0cf7b60da 52f6 cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc32e ca e0cf7b60 da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 fc3a3 f93a 08582 6d66a 60f835 d2406 ea15 f7e7 b88cbf5e9cb78 cc9e16 d1072 e24 c3ee4 7d0800 c6a8 0136 f54 da448 1c2 b397 7f6 f33 e0be 8a4b3 d678 cc5b77 828 cc3 7ae38 f66a4 9c84a7 1dc1cb825a 4f1 d7c732fb9a4 e5765 f83 10c1984 f96 1e06 cf3 fc71f185b5ad74 b fac7b7b2 0dfcfdcdf1 cf4 2b2 fc6 b5a c1e9 c4a51ae fef5b7 de7f4b3 cc9e5d780d33d5 94 9e3f2 1bf4656 147e4 1c5 63d1 76a97 9e946 6be8 9c63 c0e 2907 0df0e654 8e28 c32 c6 f8f7 7ea8e433 c9 f051 8c9 06b9a 684d9d02 5cb598 854db148 3a8024 9bc348 7e1be 4646 2d7a b f21d145b5b08 b8e1 f8 c76 f42 b4ce 759fb93 c48 e7f8a41e7 8571e 64a2 f48b0e5 c8d4 bb8 df3 fa34df8 f2c9de ba5dcb1e e30bc7d67cb1d4163 72d9 47cdab0 1c5 76b2 b2efb3 c49a2 08d258 539 bc6 96d5a 3b1a4 c49 7180 bae30 dc4 4793a3 dc5d19 4ad09 3cb5c3f9 9f2 02398 30ff2d29 b07 f39 d69e d7d2 e358bfca d25b40c5434 0e68a b4ee2 b76e0 b2a8 65300 be6e 95f4 fcb5fd1f4 934 f29e7 ee6d7cfa 31ddc0 5b49 f94 3c1 e22 f3b5 c0e4a d46 2e7c96fc5b 3f9 f11 c9f0 8a6db91a1 7118e 3de6 3e7a02 f9 c1d19137 7d0a7a 34d40ff5b8 453 f6f4e0e 59e15a9 f853 8397 40b3 e9ac33e6fc51 7d8 b739 3a5076 c67 d16e 7cc03df1 b1f0b9 fc0 46 3a67e368 0a4d3d50 cf8d5 f476 8201 e328 cbbba50 c741 ebd4f6 b2e1 0316e d218 e1d2 918 0d4204 90efb3ab05fb73 c76 f04 f402 4609 30bbbd8c70 8725 e74dc8 cf9a 5b23 c6 ce52 6d 17-5 Hypothesis Testing Finds Truth “One finds the truth by making a hypothesis and comparing the truth to the hypothesis.” David Douglass physicist University of Rochester 6f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 6e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66 b5ff294 1e747 e e1b11a9 32da b860 f81 b6f9bdc32 ecac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f8 932dab860 f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7776e 0cf7b6 0da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2 941e 747e6 f87e 1b1 1a 860f8 1b6 f9bdc32eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff29 41e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32da b f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7 776e0 cf7b6 0da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b86 6f9bdc3 2eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff294 1e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32dab860 f81 b dc32e cac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f87 e1b1 1a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 b 32eca c7776 e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc c7776 e0cf7b60da 52f6 cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc32e ca e0cf7b60 da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 fc3a3 f93a 08582 6d66a 60f835 d2406 ea15 f7e7 b88cbf5e9cb78 cc9e16 d1072 e24 c3ee4 7d0800 c6a8 0136 f54 da448 1c2 b397 7f6 f33 e0be 8a4b3 d678 cc5b77 828 cc3 7ae38 f66a4 9c84a7 1dc1cb825a 4f1 d7c732fb9a4 e5765 f83 10c1984 f96 1e06 cf3 fc71f185b5ad74 b fac7b7b2 0dfcfdcdf1 cf4 2b2 fc6 b5a c1e9 c4a51ae fef5b7 de7f4b3 cc9e5d780d33d5 94 9e3f2 1bf4656 147e4 1c5 63d1 76a97 9e946 6be8 9c63 c0e 2907 0df0e654 8e28 c32 c6 f8f7 7ea8e433 c9 f051 8c9 06b9a 684d9d02 5cb598 854db148 3a8024 9bc348 7e1be 4646 2d7a b f21d145b5b08 b8e1 f8 c76 f42 b4ce 759fb93 c48 e7f8a41e7 8571e 64a2 f48b0e5 c8d4 bb8 df3 fa34df8 f2c9de ba5dcb1e e30bc7d67cb1d4163 72d9 47cdab0 1c5 76b2 b2efb3 c49a2 08d258 539 bc6 96d5a 3b1a4 c49 7180 bae30 dc4 4793a3 dc5d19 4ad09 3cb5c3f9 9f2 02398 30ff2d29 b07 f39 d69e d7d2 e358bfca d25b40c5434 0e68a b4ee2 b76e0 b2a8 65300 be6e 95f4 fcb5fd1f4 934 f29e7 ee6d7cfa 31ddc0 5b49 f94 3c1 e22 f3b5 c0e4a d46 2e7c96fc5b 3f9 f11 c9f0 8a6db91a1 7118e 3de6 3e7a02 f9 c1d19137 7d0a7a 34d40ff5b8 453 f6f4e0e 59e15a9 f853 8397 40b3 e9ac33e6fc51 7d8 b739 3a5076 c67 d16e 7cc03df1 b1f0b9 fc0 46 3a67e368 0a4d3d50 cf8d5 f476 8201 e328 cbbba50 c741 ebd4f6 b2e1 0316e d218 e1d2 918 0d4204 90efb3ab05fb73 c76 f04 f402 4609 30bbbd8c70 8725 e74dc8 cf9a 5b23 c6 ce52 6d 17-6 Statistical Procedures Inferential Statistics Descriptive Statistics 6f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 6e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66 b5ff294 1e747 e e1b11a9 32da b860 f81 b6f9bdc32 ecac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f8 932dab860 f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7776e 0cf7b6 0da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2 941e 747e6 f87e 1b1 1a 860f8 1b6 f9bdc32eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff29 41e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32da b f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7 776e0 cf7b6 0da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b86 6f9bdc3 2eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff294 1e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32dab860 f81 b dc32e cac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f87 e1b1 1a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 b 32eca c7776 e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc c7776 e0cf7b60da 52f6 cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc32e ca e0cf7b60 da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 fc3a3 f93a 08582 6d66a 60f835 d2406 ea15 f7e7 b88cbf5e9cb78 cc9e16 d1072 e24 c3ee4 7d0800 c6a8 0136 f54 da448 1c2 b397 7f6 f33 e0be 8a4b3 d678 cc5b77 828 cc3 7ae38 f66a4 9c84a7 1dc1cb825a 4f1 d7c732fb9a4 e5765 f83 10c1984 f96 1e06 cf3 fc71f185b5ad74 b fac7b7b2 0dfcfdcdf1 cf4 2b2 fc6 b5a c1e9 c4a51ae fef5b7 de7f4b3 cc9e5d780d33d5 94 9e3f2 1bf4656 147e4 1c5 63d1 76a97 9e946 6be8 9c63 c0e 2907 0df0e654 8e28 c32 c6 f8f7 7ea8e433 c9 f051 8c9 06b9a 684d9d02 5cb598 854db148 3a8024 9bc348 7e1be 4646 2d7a b f21d145b5b08 b8e1 f8 c76 f42 b4ce 759fb93 c48 e7f8a41e7 8571e 64a2 f48b0e5 c8d4 bb8 df3 fa34df8 f2c9de ba5dcb1e e30bc7d67cb1d4163 72d9 47cdab0 1c5 76b2 b2efb3 c49a2 08d258 539 bc6 96d5a 3b1a4 c49 7180 bae30 dc4 4793a3 dc5d19 4ad09 3cb5c3f9 9f2 02398 30ff2d29 b07 f39 d69e d7d2 e358bfca d25b40c5434 0e68a b4ee2 b76e0 b2a8 65300 be6e 95f4 fcb5fd1f4 934 f29e7 ee6d7cfa 31ddc0 5b49 f94 3c1 e22 f3b5 c0e4a d46 2e7c96fc5b 3f9 f11 c9f0 8a6db91a1 7118e 3de6 3e7a02 f9 c1d19137 7d0a7a 34d40ff5b8 453 f6f4e0e 59e15a9 f853 8397 40b3 e9ac33e6fc51 7d8 b739 3a5076 c67 d16e 7cc03df1 b1f0b9 fc0 46 3a67e368 0a4d3d50 cf8d5 f476 8201 e328 cbbba50 c741 ebd4f6 b2e1 0316e d218 e1d2 918 0d4204 90efb3ab05fb73 c76 f04 f402 4609 30bbbd8c70 8725 e74dc8 cf9a 5b23 c6 ce52 6d 17-7 Hypothesis Testing and the Research Process 6f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 6e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66 b5ff294 1e747 e e1b11a9 32da b860 f81 b6f9bdc32 ecac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f8 932dab860 f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7776e 0cf7b6 0da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2 941e 747e6 f87e 1b1 1a 860f8 1b6 f9bdc32eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff29 41e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32da b f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7 776e0 cf7b6 0da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b86 6f9bdc3 2eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff294 1e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32dab860 f81 b dc32e cac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f87 e1b1 1a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 b 32eca c7776 e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc c7776 e0cf7b60da 52f6 cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc32e ca e0cf7b60 da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 fc3a3 f93a 08582 6d66a 60f835 d2406 ea15 f7e7 b88cbf5e9cb78 cc9e16 d1072 e24 c3ee4 7d0800 c6a8 0136 f54 da448 1c2 b397 7f6 f33 e0be 8a4b3 d678 cc5b77 828 cc3 7ae38 f66a4 9c84a7 1dc1cb825a 4f1 d7c732fb9a4 e5765 f83 10c1984 f96 1e06 cf3 fc71f185b5ad74 b fac7b7b2 0dfcfdcdf1 cf4 2b2 fc6 b5a c1e9 c4a51ae fef5b7 de7f4b3 cc9e5d780d33d5 94 9e3f2 1bf4656 147e4 1c5 63d1 76a97 9e946 6be8 9c63 c0e 2907 0df0e654 8e28 c32 c6 f8f7 7ea8e433 c9 f051 8c9 06b9a 684d9d02 5cb598 854db148 3a8024 9bc348 7e1be 4646 2d7a b f21d145b5b08 b8e1 f8 c76 f42 b4ce 759fb93 c48 e7f8a41e7 8571e 64a2 f48b0e5 c8d4 bb8 df3 fa34df8 f2c9de ba5dcb1e e30bc7d67cb1d4163 72d9 47cdab0 1c5 76b2 b2efb3 c49a2 08d258 539 bc6 96d5a 3b1a4 c49 7180 bae30 dc4 4793a3 dc5d19 4ad09 3cb5c3f9 9f2 02398 30ff2d29 b07 f39 d69e d7d2 e358bfca d25b40c5434 0e68a b4ee2 b76e0 b2a8 65300 be6e 95f4 fcb5fd1f4 934 f29e7 ee6d7cfa 31ddc0 5b49 f94 3c1 e22 f3b5 c0e4a d46 2e7c96fc5b 3f9 f11 c9f0 8a6db91a1 7118e 3de6 3e7a02 f9 c1d19137 7d0a7a 34d40ff5b8 453 f6f4e0e 59e15a9 f853 8397 40b3 e9ac33e6fc51 7d8 b739 3a5076 c67 d16e 7cc03df1 b1f0b9 fc0 46 3a67e368 0a4d3d50 cf8d5 f476 8201 e328 cbbba50 c741 ebd4f6 b2e1 0316e d218 e1d2 918 0d4204 90efb3ab05fb73 c76 f04 f402 4609 30bbbd8c70 8725 e74dc8 cf9a 5b23 c6 ce52 6d 17-8 When Data Present a Clear Picture 6f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 6e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66 b5ff294 1e747 e e1b11a9 32da b860 f81 b6f9bdc32 ecac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f8 As Abacus states in this ad, when researchers ‘sift through the chaos’ and ‘find what matters’ they experience the “ah ha!” moment 932dab860 f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7776e 0cf7b6 0da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2 941e 747e6 f87e 1b1 1a 860f8 1b6 f9bdc32eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff29 41e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32da b f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7 776e0 cf7b6 0da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b86 6f9bdc3 2eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff294 1e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32dab860 f81 b dc32e cac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f87 e1b1 1a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 b 32eca c7776 e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc c7776 e0cf7b60da 52f6 cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc32e ca e0cf7b60 da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 fc3a3 f93a 08582 6d66a 60f835 d2406 ea15 f7e7 b88cbf5e9cb78 cc9e16 d1072 e24 c3ee4 7d0800 c6a8 0136 f54 da448 1c2 b397 7f6 f33 e0be 8a4b3 d678 cc5b77 828 cc3 7ae38 f66a4 9c84a7 1dc1cb825a 4f1 d7c732fb9a4 e5765 f83 10c1984 f96 1e06 cf3 fc71f185b5ad74 b fac7b7b2 0dfcfdcdf1 cf4 2b2 fc6 b5a c1e9 c4a51ae fef5b7 de7f4b3 cc9e5d780d33d5 94 9e3f2 1bf4656 147e4 1c5 63d1 76a97 9e946 6be8 9c63 c0e 2907 0df0e654 8e28 c32 c6 f8f7 7ea8e433 c9 f051 8c9 06b9a 684d9d02 5cb598 854db148 3a8024 9bc348 7e1be 4646 2d7a b f21d145b5b08 b8e1 f8 c76 f42 b4ce 759fb93 c48 e7f8a41e7 8571e 64a2 f48b0e5 c8d4 bb8 df3 fa34df8 f2c9de ba5dcb1e e30bc7d67cb1d4163 72d9 47cdab0 1c5 76b2 b2efb3 c49a2 08d258 539 bc6 96d5a 3b1a4 c49 7180 bae30 dc4 4793a3 dc5d19 4ad09 3cb5c3f9 9f2 02398 30ff2d29 b07 f39 d69e d7d2 e358bfca d25b40c5434 0e68a b4ee2 b76e0 b2a8 65300 be6e 95f4 fcb5fd1f4 934 f29e7 ee6d7cfa 31ddc0 5b49 f94 3c1 e22 f3b5 c0e4a d46 2e7c96fc5b 3f9 f11 c9f0 8a6db91a1 7118e 3de6 3e7a02 f9 c1d19137 7d0a7a 34d40ff5b8 453 f6f4e0e 59e15a9 f853 8397 40b3 e9ac33e6fc51 7d8 b739 3a5076 c67 d16e 7cc03df1 b1f0b9 fc0 46 3a67e368 0a4d3d50 cf8d5 f476 8201 e328 cbbba50 c741 ebd4f6 b2e1 0316e d218 e1d2 918 0d4204 90efb3ab05fb73 c76 f04 f402 4609 30bbbd8c70 8725 e74dc8 cf9a 5b23 c6 ce52 6d 17-9 Approaches to Hypothesis Testing Classical statistics Bayesian statistics Objective view of Extension of classical probability Established hypothesis is rejected or fails to be rejected Analysis based on sample data approach Analysis based on sample data Also considers established subjective probability estimates 6f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 6e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66 b5ff294 1e747 e e1b11a9 32da b860 f81 b6f9bdc32 ecac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f8 932dab860 f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7776e 0cf7b6 0da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2 941e 747e6 f87e 1b1 1a 860f8 1b6 f9bdc32eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff29 41e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32da b f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7 776e0 cf7b6 0da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b86 6f9bdc3 2eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff294 1e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32dab860 f81 b dc32e cac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f87 e1b1 1a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 b 32eca c7776 e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc c7776 e0cf7b60da 52f6 cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc32e ca e0cf7b60 da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 fc3a3 f93a 08582 6d66a 60f835 d2406 ea15 f7e7 b88cbf5e9cb78 cc9e16 d1072 e24 c3ee4 7d0800 c6a8 0136 f54 da448 1c2 b397 7f6 f33 e0be 8a4b3 d678 cc5b77 828 cc3 7ae38 f66a4 9c84a7 1dc1cb825a 4f1 d7c732fb9a4 e5765 f83 10c1984 f96 1e06 cf3 fc71f185b5ad74 b fac7b7b2 0dfcfdcdf1 cf4 2b2 fc6 b5a c1e9 c4a51ae fef5b7 de7f4b3 cc9e5d780d33d5 94 9e3f2 1bf4656 147e4 1c5 63d1 76a97 9e946 6be8 9c63 c0e 2907 0df0e654 8e28 c32 c6 f8f7 7ea8e433 c9 f051 8c9 06b9a 684d9d02 5cb598 854db148 3a8024 9bc348 7e1be 4646 2d7a b f21d145b5b08 b8e1 f8 c76 f42 b4ce 759fb93 c48 e7f8a41e7 8571e 64a2 f48b0e5 c8d4 bb8 df3 fa34df8 f2c9de ba5dcb1e e30bc7d67cb1d4163 72d9 47cdab0 1c5 76b2 b2efb3 c49a2 08d258 539 bc6 96d5a 3b1a4 c49 7180 bae30 dc4 4793a3 dc5d19 4ad09 3cb5c3f9 9f2 02398 30ff2d29 b07 f39 d69e d7d2 e358bfca d25b40c5434 0e68a b4ee2 b76e0 b2a8 65300 be6e 95f4 fcb5fd1f4 934 f29e7 ee6d7cfa 31ddc0 5b49 f94 3c1 e22 f3b5 c0e4a d46 2e7c96fc5b 3f9 f11 c9f0 8a6db91a1 7118e 3de6 3e7a02 f9 c1d19137 7d0a7a 34d40ff5b8 453 f6f4e0e 59e15a9 f853 8397 40b3 e9ac33e6fc51 7d8 b739 3a5076 c67 d16e 7cc03df1 b1f0b9 fc0 46 3a67e368 0a4d3d50 cf8d5 f476 8201 e328 cbbba50 c741 ebd4f6 b2e1 0316e d218 e1d2 918 0d4204 90efb3ab05fb73 c76 f04 f402 4609 30bbbd8c70 8725 e74dc8 cf9a 5b23 c6 ce52 6d 17-10 ANOVA Plots 6f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 6e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66 b5ff294 1e747 e e1b11a9 32da b860 f81 b6f9bdc32 ecac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f8 932dab860 f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7776e 0cf7b6 0da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2 941e 747e6 f87e 1b1 1a 860f8 1b6 f9bdc32eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff29 41e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32da b f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7 776e0 cf7b6 0da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b86 6f9bdc3 2eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff294 1e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32dab860 f81 b dc32e cac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f87 e1b1 1a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 b 32eca c7776 e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc c7776 e0cf7b60da 52f6 cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc32e ca e0cf7b60 da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 fc3a3 f93a 08582 6d66a 60f835 d2406 ea15 f7e7 b88cbf5e9cb78 cc9e16 d1072 e24 c3ee4 7d0800 c6a8 0136 f54 da448 1c2 b397 7f6 f33 e0be 8a4b3 d678 cc5b77 828 cc3 7ae38 f66a4 9c84a7 1dc1cb825a 4f1 d7c732fb9a4 e5765 f83 10c1984 f96 1e06 cf3 fc71f185b5ad74 b fac7b7b2 0dfcfdcdf1 cf4 2b2 fc6 b5a c1e9 c4a51ae fef5b7 de7f4b3 cc9e5d780d33d5 94 9e3f2 1bf4656 147e4 1c5 63d1 76a97 9e946 6be8 9c63 c0e 2907 0df0e654 8e28 c32 c6 f8f7 7ea8e433 c9 f051 8c9 06b9a 684d9d02 5cb598 854db148 3a8024 9bc348 7e1be 4646 2d7a b f21d145b5b08 b8e1 f8 c76 f42 b4ce 759fb93 c48 e7f8a41e7 8571e 64a2 f48b0e5 c8d4 bb8 df3 fa34df8 f2c9de ba5dcb1e e30bc7d67cb1d4163 72d9 47cdab0 1c5 76b2 b2efb3 c49a2 08d258 539 bc6 96d5a 3b1a4 c49 7180 bae30 dc4 4793a3 dc5d19 4ad09 3cb5c3f9 9f2 02398 30ff2d29 b07 f39 d69e d7d2 e358bfca d25b40c5434 0e68a b4ee2 b76e0 b2a8 65300 be6e 95f4 fcb5fd1f4 934 f29e7 ee6d7cfa 31ddc0 5b49 f94 3c1 e22 f3b5 c0e4a d46 2e7c96fc5b 3f9 f11 c9f0 8a6db91a1 7118e 3de6 3e7a02 f9 c1d19137 7d0a7a 34d40ff5b8 453 f6f4e0e 59e15a9 f853 8397 40b3 e9ac33e6fc51 7d8 b739 3a5076 c67 d16e 7cc03df1 b1f0b9 fc0 46 3a67e368 0a4d3d50 cf8d5 f476 8201 e328 cbbba50 c741 ebd4f6 b2e1 0316e d218 e1d2 918 0d4204 90efb3ab05fb73 c76 f04 f402 4609 30bbbd8c70 8725 e74dc8 cf9a 5b23 c6 ce52 6d 17-53 Model Summary Two-Way ANOVA Example d.f Sum of Squares Mean Square F Value p Value Airline 11644.033 5822.017 39.178 0.0001 Seat selection 3182.817 3182.817 21.418 0.0001 Airline by seat selection 517.033 258.517 1.740 0.1853 Residual 54 8024.700 148.606 Source Means Table Effect: Airline by Seat Selection Count Mean Std Dev Std Error Lufthansa economy 10 35.600 12.140 3.839 Lufthansa business 10 42.300 15.550 4.917 Malaysia Airlines economy 10 48.500 12.501 6f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 6e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66 b5ff294 1e747 e 3.953 e1b11a9 32da b860 f81 b6f9bdc32 ecac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f8 932dab860 f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7776e 0cf7b6 0da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2 941e 747e6 f87e 1b1 1a 860f8 1b6 f9bdc32eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff29 41e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32da b f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7 776e0 cf7b6 0da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b86 6f9bdc3 2eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff294 1e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32dab860 f81 b Malaysia Airlines business 10 69.300 9.166 2.898 dc32e cac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f87 e1b1 1a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 b 32eca c7776 e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc c7776 e0cf7b60da 52f6 cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc32e ca e0cf7b60 da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 fc3a3 f93a 08582 6d66a 60f835 d2406 ea15 f7e7 b88cbf5e9cb78 cc9e16 d1072 e24 c3ee4 Cathay Pacific economy 10 64.800 13.037 4.123 7d0800 c6a8 0136 f54 da448 1c2 b397 7f6 f33 e0be 8a4b3 d678 cc5b77 828 cc3 7ae38 f66a4 9c84a7 1dc1cb825a 4f1 d7c732fb9a4 e5765 f83 10c1984 f96 1e06 cf3 fc71f185b5ad74 b fac7b7b2 0dfcfdcdf1 cf4 2b2 fc6 b5a c1e9 c4a51ae fef5b7 de7f4b3 cc9e5d780d33d5 94 9e3f2 1bf4656 147e4 1c5 63d1 76a97 9e946 6be8 9c63 c0e 2907 0df0e654 8e28 c32 c6 f8f7 All data are hypothetical Cathay Pacific business 10 81.000 9.603 3.037 7ea8e433 c9 f051 8c9 06b9a 684d9d02 5cb598 854db148 3a8024 9bc348 7e1be 4646 2d7a b f21d145b5b08 b8e1 f8 c76 f42 b4ce 759fb93 c48 e7f8a41e7 8571e 64a2 f48b0e5 c8d4 bb8 df3 fa34df8 f2c9de ba5dcb1e e30bc7d67cb1d4163 72d9 47cdab0 1c5 76b2 b2efb3 c49a2 08d258 539 bc6 96d5a 3b1a4 c49 7180 bae30 dc4 4793a3 dc5d19 4ad09 3cb5c3f9 9f2 02398 30ff2d29 b07 f39 d69e d7d2 e358bfca d25b40c5434 0e68a b4ee2 b76e0 b2a8 65300 be6e 95f4 fcb5fd1f4 934 f29e7 ee6d7cfa 31ddc0 5b49 f94 3c1 e22 f3b5 c0e4a d46 2e7c96fc5b 3f9 f11 c9f0 8a6db91a1 7118e 3de6 3e7a02 f9 c1d19137 7d0a7a 34d40ff5b8 453 f6f4e0e 59e15a9 f853 8397 40b3 e9ac33e6fc51 7d8 b739 3a5076 c67 d16e 7cc03df1 b1f0b9 fc0 46 3a67e368 0a4d3d50 cf8d5 f476 8201 e328 cbbba50 c741 ebd4f6 b2e1 0316e d218 e1d2 918 0d4204 90efb3ab05fb73 c76 f04 f402 4609 30bbbd8c70 8725 e74dc8 cf9a 5b23 c6 ce52 6d 17-54 k-Related-Samples Tests More than two levels in grouping factor Observations are matched 6f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 6e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66 b5ff294 1e747 e e1b11a9 32da b860 f81 b6f9bdc32 ecac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f8 932dab860 f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7776e 0cf7b6 0da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2 941e 747e6 f87e 1b1 1a 860f8 1b6 f9bdc32eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff29 41e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32da b f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7 776e0 cf7b6 0da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b86 6f9bdc3 2eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff294 1e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32dab860 f81 b dc32e cac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f87 e1b1 1a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 b 32eca c7776 e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc c7776 e0cf7b60da 52f6 cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc32e ca e0cf7b60 da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 Data are interval or ratio fc3a3 f93a 08582 6d66a 60f835 d2406 ea15 f7e7 b88cbf5e9cb78 cc9e16 d1072 e24 c3ee4 7d0800 c6a8 0136 f54 da448 1c2 b397 7f6 f33 e0be 8a4b3 d678 cc5b77 828 cc3 7ae38 f66a4 9c84a7 1dc1cb825a 4f1 d7c732fb9a4 e5765 f83 10c1984 f96 1e06 cf3 fc71f185b5ad74 b fac7b7b2 0dfcfdcdf1 cf4 2b2 fc6 b5a c1e9 c4a51ae fef5b7 de7f4b3 cc9e5d780d33d5 94 9e3f2 1bf4656 147e4 1c5 63d1 76a97 9e946 6be8 9c63 c0e 2907 0df0e654 8e28 c32 c6 f8f7 7ea8e433 c9 f051 8c9 06b9a 684d9d02 5cb598 854db148 3a8024 9bc348 7e1be 4646 2d7a b f21d145b5b08 b8e1 f8 c76 f42 b4ce 759fb93 c48 e7f8a41e7 8571e 64a2 f48b0e5 c8d4 bb8 df3 fa34df8 f2c9de ba5dcb1e e30bc7d67cb1d4163 72d9 47cdab0 1c5 76b2 b2efb3 c49a2 08d258 539 bc6 96d5a 3b1a4 c49 7180 bae30 dc4 4793a3 dc5d19 4ad09 3cb5c3f9 9f2 02398 30ff2d29 b07 f39 d69e d7d2 e358bfca d25b40c5434 0e68a b4ee2 b76e0 b2a8 65300 be6e 95f4 fcb5fd1f4 934 f29e7 ee6d7cfa 31ddc0 5b49 f94 3c1 e22 f3b5 c0e4a d46 2e7c96fc5b 3f9 f11 c9f0 8a6db91a1 7118e 3de6 3e7a02 f9 c1d19137 7d0a7a 34d40ff5b8 453 f6f4e0e 59e15a9 f853 8397 40b3 e9ac33e6fc51 7d8 b739 3a5076 c67 d16e 7cc03df1 b1f0b9 fc0 46 3a67e368 0a4d3d50 cf8d5 f476 8201 e328 cbbba50 c741 ebd4f6 b2e1 0316e d218 e1d2 918 0d4204 90efb3ab05fb73 c76 f04 f402 4609 30bbbd8c70 8725 e74dc8 cf9a 5b23 c6 ce52 6d 17-55 Model Summary d.f Sum of Squares Mean Square F Value p Value Airline 3552735.50 17763.775 67.199 0.0001 Subject (group) 57 15067.650 264.345 Ratings 625.633 625.633 14.318 0.0004 Ratings by air 2061.717 1030.858 23.592 0.0001 Ratings by subj 57 2490.650 43.696 Source RepeatedMeasures ANOVA Example Means Table by Airline _ Count Mean Std Dev Std Error Rating 1, Lufthansa 20 38.950 14.006 3.132 Rating 1, Malaysia Airlines 20 58.900 15.089 3.374 Rating 1, Cathay Pacific 20 72.900 13.902 3.108 6f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 6e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66 b5ff294 1e747 e e1b11a9 32da b860 f81 b6f9bdc32 ecac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f8 Rating 2, Lufthansa 20 32.400 8.268 1.849 Rating 2, Malaysia Airlines 20 72.250 10.572 2.364 932dab860 f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7776e 0cf7b6 0da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2 941e 747e6 f87e 1b1 1a 860f8 1b6 f9bdc32eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff29 41e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32da b f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7 776e0 cf7b6 0da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b86 6f9bdc3 2eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff294 1e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32dab860 f81 b dc32e cac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f87 e1b1 1a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 b Rating 2, Cathay Pacific 20 79.800 11.265 2.519 32eca c7776 e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc c7776 e0cf7b60da 52f6 cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc32e ca e0cf7b60 da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 fc3a3 f93a 08582 6d66a 60f835 d2406 ea15 f7e7 b88cbf5e9cb78 cc9e16 d1072 e24 c3ee4 _Means Table Effect: Ratings _ 7d0800 c6a8 0136 f54 da448 1c2 b397 7f6 f33 e0be 8a4b3 d678 cc5b77 828 cc3 7ae38 f66a4 9c84a7 1dc1cb825a 4f1 d7c732fb9a4 e5765 f83 10c1984 f96 1e06 cf3 fc71f185b5ad74 b fac7b7b2 0dfcfdcdf1 cf4 2b2 fc6 b5a c1e9 c4a51ae fef5b7 de7f4b3 cc9e5d780d33d5 94 9e3f2 1bf4656 147e4 1c5 63d1 76a97 9e946 6be8 9c63 c0e 2907 0df0e654 8e28 c32 c6 f8f7 Count Mean Std Dev Std Error Rating 60 56.917 19.902 2.569 Rating 60 61.483 23.208 2.996 7ea8e433 c9 f051 8c9 06b9a 684d9d02 5cb598 854db148 3a8024 9bc348 7e1be 4646 2d7a b f21d145b5b08 b8e1 f8 c76 f42 b4ce 759fb93 c48 e7f8a41e7 8571e 64a2 f48b0e5 c8d4 bb8 df3 fa34df8 f2c9de ba5dcb1e e30bc7d67cb1d4163 72d9 47cdab0 1c5 76b2 b2efb3 c49a2 08d258 539 bc6 96d5a 3b1a4 c49 7180 bae30 dc4 4793a3 dc5d19 4ad09 3cb5c3f9 9f2 02398 30ff2d29 b07 f39 d69e d7d2 e358bfca d25b40c5434 0e68a b4ee2 b76e0 b2a8 65300 be6e 95f4 fcb5fd1f4 934 f29e7 ee6d7cfa 31ddc0 5b49 f94 3c1 e22 f3b5 c0e4a d46 2e7c96fc5b 3f9 f11 c9f0 8a6db91a1 7118e 3de6 3e7a02 f9 c1d19137 7d0a7a 34d40ff5b8 453 f6f4e0e All data are hypothetical 59e15a9 f853 8397 40b3 e9ac33e6fc51 7d8 b739 3a5076 c67 d16e 7cc03df1 b1f0b9 fc0 46 3a67e368 0a4d3d50 cf8d5 f476 8201 e328 cbbba50 c741 ebd4f6 b2e1 0316e d218 e1d2 918 0d4204 90efb3ab05fb73 c76 f04 f402 4609 30bbbd8c70 8725 e74dc8 cf9a 5b23 c6 ce52 6d 17-56 Key Terms a priori contrasts Alternative hypothesis K-independent-samples Analysis of variance (ANOVA Bayesian statistics Chi-square test Classical statistics Critical value F ratio Inferential statistics tests K-related-samples tests Level of significance Mean square Multiple comparison tests (range tests) Nonparametric tests Normal probability plot 6f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 6e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66 b5ff294 1e747 e e1b11a9 32da b860 f81 b6f9bdc32 ecac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f8 932dab860 f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7776e 0cf7b6 0da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2 941e 747e6 f87e 1b1 1a 860f8 1b6 f9bdc32eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff29 41e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32da b f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7 776e0 cf7b6 0da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b86 6f9bdc3 2eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff294 1e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32dab860 f81 b dc32e cac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f87 e1b1 1a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 b 32eca c7776 e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc c7776 e0cf7b60da 52f6 cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc32e ca e0cf7b60 da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 fc3a3 f93a 08582 6d66a 60f835 d2406 ea15 f7e7 b88cbf5e9cb78 cc9e16 d1072 e24 c3ee4 7d0800 c6a8 0136 f54 da448 1c2 b397 7f6 f33 e0be 8a4b3 d678 cc5b77 828 cc3 7ae38 f66a4 9c84a7 1dc1cb825a 4f1 d7c732fb9a4 e5765 f83 10c1984 f96 1e06 cf3 fc71f185b5ad74 b fac7b7b2 0dfcfdcdf1 cf4 2b2 fc6 b5a c1e9 c4a51ae fef5b7 de7f4b3 cc9e5d780d33d5 94 9e3f2 1bf4656 147e4 1c5 63d1 76a97 9e946 6be8 9c63 c0e 2907 0df0e654 8e28 c32 c6 f8f7 7ea8e433 c9 f051 8c9 06b9a 684d9d02 5cb598 854db148 3a8024 9bc348 7e1be 4646 2d7a b f21d145b5b08 b8e1 f8 c76 f42 b4ce 759fb93 c48 e7f8a41e7 8571e 64a2 f48b0e5 c8d4 bb8 df3 fa34df8 f2c9de ba5dcb1e e30bc7d67cb1d4163 72d9 47cdab0 1c5 76b2 b2efb3 c49a2 08d258 539 bc6 96d5a 3b1a4 c49 7180 bae30 dc4 4793a3 dc5d19 4ad09 3cb5c3f9 9f2 02398 30ff2d29 b07 f39 d69e d7d2 e358bfca d25b40c5434 0e68a b4ee2 b76e0 b2a8 65300 be6e 95f4 fcb5fd1f4 934 f29e7 ee6d7cfa 31ddc0 5b49 f94 3c1 e22 f3b5 c0e4a d46 2e7c96fc5b 3f9 f11 c9f0 8a6db91a1 7118e 3de6 3e7a02 f9 c1d19137 7d0a7a 34d40ff5b8 453 f6f4e0e 59e15a9 f853 8397 40b3 e9ac33e6fc51 7d8 b739 3a5076 c67 d16e 7cc03df1 b1f0b9 fc0 46 3a67e368 0a4d3d50 cf8d5 f476 8201 e328 cbbba50 c741 ebd4f6 b2e1 0316e d218 e1d2 918 0d4204 90efb3ab05fb73 c76 f04 f402 4609 30bbbd8c70 8725 e74dc8 cf9a 5b23 c6 ce52 6d 17-57 Key Terms Null hypothesis Observed significance level One-sample tests One-tailed test p value Parametric tests Power of the test Practical significance Region of acceptance Region of rejection Statistical significance t distribution Trials t-test 6f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 6e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66 b5ff294 1e747 e e1b11a9 32da b860 f81 b6f9bdc32 ecac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f8 932dab860 f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7776e 0cf7b6 0da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2 941e 747e6 f87e 1b1 1a 860f8 1b6 f9bdc32eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff29 41e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32da b f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7 776e0 cf7b6 0da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b86 6f9bdc3 2eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff294 1e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32dab860 f81 b Two-independent- samples tests dc32e cac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f87 e1b1 1a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 b 32eca c7776 e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc c7776 e0cf7b60da 52f6 cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc32e ca e0cf7b60 da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 fc3a3 f93a 08582 6d66a 60f835 d2406 ea15 f7e7 b88cbf5e9cb78 cc9e16 d1072 e24 c3ee4 7d0800 c6a8 0136 f54 da448 1c2 b397 7f6 f33 e0be 8a4b3 d678 cc5b77 828 cc3 7ae38 f66a4 9c84a7 1dc1cb825a 4f1 d7c732fb9a4 e5765 f83 10c1984 f96 1e06 cf3 fc71f185b5ad74 b fac7b7b2 0dfcfdcdf1 cf4 2b2 fc6 b5a c1e9 c4a51ae fef5b7 de7f4b3 cc9e5d780d33d5 94 9e3f2 1bf4656 147e4 1c5 63d1 76a97 9e946 6be8 9c63 c0e 2907 0df0e654 8e28 c32 c6 f8f7 7ea8e433 c9 f051 8c9 06b9a 684d9d02 5cb598 854db148 3a8024 9bc348 7e1be 4646 2d7a b f21d145b5b08 b8e1 f8 c76 f42 b4ce 759fb93 c48 e7f8a41e7 8571e 64a2 f48b0e5 c8d4 bb8 df3 fa34df8 f2c9de ba5dcb1e e30bc7d67cb1d4163 72d9 47cdab0 1c5 76b2 b2efb3 c49a2 08d258 539 bc6 96d5a 3b1a4 c49 7180 bae30 dc4 4793a3 dc5d19 4ad09 3cb5c3f9 9f2 02398 30ff2d29 b07 f39 d69e d7d2 e358bfca d25b40c5434 0e68a b4ee2 b76e0 b2a8 65300 be6e 95f4 fcb5fd1f4 934 f29e7 ee6d7cfa 31ddc0 5b49 f94 3c1 e22 f3b5 c0e4a d46 2e7c96fc5b 3f9 f11 c9f0 8a6db91a1 7118e 3de6 3e7a02 f9 c1d19137 7d0a7a 34d40ff5b8 453 f6f4e0e 59e15a9 f853 8397 40b3 e9ac33e6fc51 7d8 b739 3a5076 c67 d16e 7cc03df1 b1f0b9 fc0 46 3a67e368 0a4d3d50 cf8d5 f476 8201 e328 cbbba50 c741 ebd4f6 b2e1 0316e d218 e1d2 918 0d4204 90efb3ab05fb73 c76 f04 f402 4609 30bbbd8c70 8725 e74dc8 cf9a 5b23 c6 ce52 6d 17-58 Key Terms Two-related-samples • Type II error tests Two-tailed test Type I error • Z distribution • Z test 6f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 6e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66 b5ff294 1e747 e e1b11a9 32da b860 f81 b6f9bdc32 ecac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f8 932dab860 f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7776e 0cf7b6 0da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2 941e 747e6 f87e 1b1 1a 860f8 1b6 f9bdc32eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff29 41e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32da b f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7 776e0 cf7b6 0da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b86 6f9bdc3 2eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff294 1e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32dab860 f81 b dc32e cac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f87 e1b1 1a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 b 32eca c7776 e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc c7776 e0cf7b60da 52f6 cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc32e ca e0cf7b60 da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 fc3a3 f93a 08582 6d66a 60f835 d2406 ea15 f7e7 b88cbf5e9cb78 cc9e16 d1072 e24 c3ee4 7d0800 c6a8 0136 f54 da448 1c2 b397 7f6 f33 e0be 8a4b3 d678 cc5b77 828 cc3 7ae38 f66a4 9c84a7 1dc1cb825a 4f1 d7c732fb9a4 e5765 f83 10c1984 f96 1e06 cf3 fc71f185b5ad74 b fac7b7b2 0dfcfdcdf1 cf4 2b2 fc6 b5a c1e9 c4a51ae fef5b7 de7f4b3 cc9e5d780d33d5 94 9e3f2 1bf4656 147e4 1c5 63d1 76a97 9e946 6be8 9c63 c0e 2907 0df0e654 8e28 c32 c6 f8f7 7ea8e433 c9 f051 8c9 06b9a 684d9d02 5cb598 854db148 3a8024 9bc348 7e1be 4646 2d7a b f21d145b5b08 b8e1 f8 c76 f42 b4ce 759fb93 c48 e7f8a41e7 8571e 64a2 f48b0e5 c8d4 bb8 df3 fa34df8 f2c9de ba5dcb1e e30bc7d67cb1d4163 72d9 47cdab0 1c5 76b2 b2efb3 c49a2 08d258 539 bc6 96d5a 3b1a4 c49 7180 bae30 dc4 4793a3 dc5d19 4ad09 3cb5c3f9 9f2 02398 30ff2d29 b07 f39 d69e d7d2 e358bfca d25b40c5434 0e68a b4ee2 b76e0 b2a8 65300 be6e 95f4 fcb5fd1f4 934 f29e7 ee6d7cfa 31ddc0 5b49 f94 3c1 e22 f3b5 c0e4a d46 2e7c96fc5b 3f9 f11 c9f0 8a6db91a1 7118e 3de6 3e7a02 f9 c1d19137 7d0a7a 34d40ff5b8 453 f6f4e0e 59e15a9 f853 8397 40b3 e9ac33e6fc51 7d8 b739 3a5076 c67 d16e 7cc03df1 b1f0b9 fc0 46 3a67e368 0a4d3d50 cf8d5 f476 8201 e328 cbbba50 c741 ebd4f6 b2e1 0316e d218 e1d2 918 0d4204 90efb3ab05fb73 c76 f04 f402 4609 30bbbd8c70 8725 e74dc8 cf9a 5b23 c6 ce52 6d 17-59 Chapter 17 ADDITIONAL DISCUSSION OPPORTUNITIES 6f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 6e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66 b5ff294 1e747 e e1b11a9 32da b860 f81 b6f9bdc32 ecac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f8 932dab860 f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7776e 0cf7b6 0da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2 941e 747e6 f87e 1b1 1a 860f8 1b6 f9bdc32eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff29 41e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32da b f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7 776e0 cf7b6 0da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b86 6f9bdc3 2eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff294 1e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32dab860 f81 b dc32e cac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f87 e1b1 1a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 b 32eca c7776 e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc c7776 e0cf7b60da 52f6 cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc32e ca e0cf7b60 da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 fc3a3 f93a 08582 6d66a 60f835 d2406 ea15 f7e7 b88cbf5e9cb78 cc9e16 d1072 e24 c3ee4 7d0800 c6a8 0136 f54 da448 1c2 b397 7f6 f33 e0be 8a4b3 d678 cc5b77 828 cc3 7ae38 f66a4 9c84a7 1dc1cb825a 4f1 d7c732fb9a4 e5765 f83 10c1984 f96 1e06 cf3 fc71f185b5ad74 b fac7b7b2 0dfcfdcdf1 cf4 2b2 fc6 b5a c1e9 c4a51ae fef5b7 de7f4b3 cc9e5d780d33d5 94 9e3f2 1bf4656 147e4 1c5 63d1 76a97 9e946 6be8 9c63 c0e 2907 0df0e654 8e28 c32 c6 f8f7 7ea8e433 c9 f051 8c9 06b9a 684d9d02 5cb598 854db148 3a8024 9bc348 7e1be 4646 2d7a b f21d145b5b08 b8e1 f8 c76 f42 b4ce 759fb93 c48 e7f8a41e7 8571e 64a2 f48b0e5 c8d4 bb8 df3 fa34df8 f2c9de ba5dcb1e e30bc7d67cb1d4163 72d9 47cdab0 1c5 76b2 b2efb3 c49a2 08d258 539 bc6 96d5a 3b1a4 c49 7180 bae30 dc4 4793a3 dc5d19 4ad09 3cb5c3f9 9f2 02398 30ff2d29 b07 f39 d69e d7d2 e358bfca d25b40c5434 0e68a b4ee2 b76e0 b2a8 65300 be6e 95f4 fcb5fd1f4 934 f29e7 ee6d7cfa 31ddc0 5b49 f94 3c1 e22 f3b5 c0e4a d46 2e7c96fc5b 3f9 f11 c9f0 8a6db91a1 7118e 3de6 3e7a02 f9 c1d19137 7d0a7a 34d40ff5b8 453 f6f4e0e McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2014 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All rights reserved 59e15a9 f853 8397 40b3 e9ac33e6fc51 7d8 b739 3a5076 c67 d16e 7cc03df1 b1f0b9 fc0 46 3a67e368 0a4d3d50 cf8d5 f476 8201 e328 cbbba50 c741 ebd4f6 b2e1 0316e d218 e1d2 918 0d4204 90efb3ab05fb73 c76 f04 f402 4609 30bbbd8c70 8725 e74dc8 cf9a 5b23 c6 ce52 6d Snapshot: Troy-Bilt What elements in TV advertising build recall and consideration? Those who are market ready in category process TV ads differently than those who aren’t market ready 6f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 6e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66 b5ff294 1e747 e e1b11a9 32da b860 f81 b6f9bdc32 ecac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f8 932dab860 f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7776e 0cf7b6 0da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2 941e 747e6 f87e 1b1 1a Test and control groups used 860f8 1b6 f9bdc32eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff29 41e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32da b f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7 776e0 cf7b6 0da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b86 6f9bdc3 2eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff294 1e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32dab860 f81 b dc32e cac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f87 e1b1 1a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 b 32eca c7776 e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc c7776 e0cf7b60da 52f6 cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc32e ca e0cf7b60 da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 fc3a3 f93a 08582 6d66a 60f835 d2406 ea15 f7e7 b88cbf5e9cb78 cc9e16 d1072 e24 c3ee4 Test ads embedded in DIY House Crashers 7d0800 c6a8 0136 f54 da448 1c2 b397 7f6 f33 e0be 8a4b3 d678 cc5b77 828 cc3 7ae38 f66a4 9c84a7 1dc1cb825a 4f1 d7c732fb9a4 e5765 f83 10c1984 f96 1e06 cf3 fc71f185b5ad74 b fac7b7b2 0dfcfdcdf1 cf4 2b2 fc6 b5a c1e9 c4a51ae fef5b7 de7f4b3 cc9e5d780d33d5 94 9e3f2 1bf4656 147e4 1c5 63d1 76a97 9e946 6be8 9c63 c0e 2907 0df0e654 8e28 c32 c6 f8f7 7ea8e433 c9 f051 8c9 06b9a 684d9d02 5cb598 854db148 3a8024 9bc348 7e1be 4646 2d7a b f21d145b5b08 b8e1 f8 c76 f42 b4ce 759fb93 c48 e7f8a41e7 8571e 64a2 f48b0e5 c8d4 bb8 df3 fa34df8 f2c9de ba5dcb1e e30bc7d67cb1d4163 72d9 47cdab0 1c5 76b2 b2efb3 c49a2 08d258 539 bc6 96d5a 3b1a4 c49 7180 bae30 dc4 4793a3 dc5d19 4ad09 3cb5c3f9 9f2 02398 30ff2d29 b07 f39 d69e d7d2 e358bfca d25b40c5434 0e68a b4ee2 b76e0 b2a8 65300 be6e 95f4 fcb5fd1f4 934 f29e7 ee6d7cfa 31ddc0 5b49 f94 3c1 e22 f3b5 c0e4a d46 2e7c96fc5b 3f9 f11 c9f0 8a6db91a1 7118e 3de6 3e7a02 f9 c1d19137 7d0a7a 34d40ff5b8 453 f6f4e0e 59e15a9 f853 8397 40b3 e9ac33e6fc51 7d8 b739 3a5076 c67 d16e 7cc03df1 b1f0b9 fc0 46 3a67e368 0a4d3d50 cf8d5 f476 8201 e328 cbbba50 c741 ebd4f6 b2e1 0316e d218 e1d2 918 0d4204 90efb3ab05fb73 c76 f04 f402 4609 30bbbd8c70 8725 e74dc8 cf9a 5b23 c6 ce52 6d 17-61 Snapshot: Drug use in Movies Top 200 rental movies during years Content analysis of drinking, smoking, illicit drugs, prescriptions and OLC drugs 6f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 6e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66 b5ff294 1e747 e e1b11a9 32da b860 f81 b6f9bdc32 ecac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f8 Trained coders 932dab860 f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7776e 0cf7b6 0da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2 941e 747e6 f87e 1b1 1a 860f8 1b6 f9bdc32eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff29 41e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32da b f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7 776e0 cf7b6 0da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b86 6f9bdc3 2eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff294 1e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32dab860 f81 b dc32e cac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f87 e1b1 1a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 b 32eca c7776 e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc Prevalence of use, frequency of use, percentage of characters using c7776 e0cf7b60da 52f6 cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc32e ca e0cf7b60 da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 fc3a3 f93a 08582 6d66a 60f835 d2406 ea15 f7e7 b88cbf5e9cb78 cc9e16 d1072 e24 c3ee4 7d0800 c6a8 0136 f54 da448 1c2 b397 7f6 f33 e0be 8a4b3 d678 cc5b77 828 cc3 7ae38 f66a4 9c84a7 1dc1cb825a 4f1 d7c732fb9a4 e5765 f83 10c1984 f96 1e06 cf3 fc71f185b5ad74 b fac7b7b2 0dfcfdcdf1 cf4 2b2 fc6 b5a c1e9 c4a51ae fef5b7 de7f4b3 cc9e5d780d33d5 94 9e3f2 1bf4656 147e4 1c5 63d1 76a97 9e946 6be8 9c63 c0e 2907 0df0e654 8e28 c32 c6 f8f7 7ea8e433 c9 f051 8c9 06b9a 684d9d02 5cb598 854db148 3a8024 9bc348 7e1be 4646 2d7a b f21d145b5b08 b8e1 f8 c76 f42 b4ce 759fb93 c48 e7f8a41e7 8571e 64a2 f48b0e5 c8d4 bb8 df3 fa34df8 f2c9de ba5dcb1e e30bc7d67cb1d4163 72d9 47cdab0 1c5 76b2 b2efb3 c49a2 08d258 539 bc6 96d5a 3b1a4 c49 7180 bae30 dc4 4793a3 dc5d19 4ad09 3cb5c3f9 9f2 02398 30ff2d29 b07 f39 d69e d7d2 e358bfca d25b40c5434 0e68a b4ee2 b76e0 b2a8 65300 be6e 95f4 fcb5fd1f4 934 f29e7 ee6d7cfa 31ddc0 5b49 f94 3c1 e22 f3b5 c0e4a d46 2e7c96fc5b 3f9 f11 c9f0 8a6db91a1 7118e 3de6 3e7a02 f9 c1d19137 7d0a7a 34d40ff5b8 453 f6f4e0e 59e15a9 f853 8397 40b3 e9ac33e6fc51 7d8 b739 3a5076 c67 d16e 7cc03df1 b1f0b9 fc0 46 3a67e368 0a4d3d50 cf8d5 f476 8201 e328 cbbba50 c741 ebd4f6 b2e1 0316e d218 e1d2 918 0d4204 90efb3ab05fb73 c76 f04 f402 4609 30bbbd8c70 8725 e74dc8 cf9a 5b23 c6 ce52 6d 17-62 Snapshot: A/B Testing Does web page design alter click behavior? Are we being tested whenever we visit a web page? 6f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 6e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66 b5ff294 1e747 e e1b11a9 32da b860 f81 b6f9bdc32 ecac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f8 Test one or multiple factors 932dab860 f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7776e 0cf7b6 0da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2 941e 747e6 f87e 1b1 1a 860f8 1b6 f9bdc32eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff29 41e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32da b f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7 776e0 cf7b6 0da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b86 6f9bdc3 2eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff294 1e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32dab860 f81 b dc32e cac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f87 e1b1 1a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 b 32eca c7776 e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc c7776 e0cf7b60da 52f6 cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc32e ca e0cf7b60 da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 What hypothesis could drive A/B tests? fc3a3 f93a 08582 6d66a 60f835 d2406 ea15 f7e7 b88cbf5e9cb78 cc9e16 d1072 e24 c3ee4 7d0800 c6a8 0136 f54 da448 1c2 b397 7f6 f33 e0be 8a4b3 d678 cc5b77 828 cc3 7ae38 f66a4 9c84a7 1dc1cb825a 4f1 d7c732fb9a4 e5765 f83 10c1984 f96 1e06 cf3 fc71f185b5ad74 b fac7b7b2 0dfcfdcdf1 cf4 2b2 fc6 b5a c1e9 c4a51ae fef5b7 de7f4b3 cc9e5d780d33d5 94 9e3f2 1bf4656 147e4 1c5 63d1 76a97 9e946 6be8 9c63 c0e 2907 0df0e654 8e28 c32 c6 f8f7 7ea8e433 c9 f051 8c9 06b9a 684d9d02 5cb598 854db148 3a8024 9bc348 7e1be 4646 2d7a b f21d145b5b08 b8e1 f8 c76 f42 b4ce 759fb93 c48 e7f8a41e7 8571e 64a2 f48b0e5 c8d4 bb8 df3 fa34df8 f2c9de ba5dcb1e e30bc7d67cb1d4163 72d9 47cdab0 1c5 76b2 b2efb3 c49a2 08d258 539 bc6 96d5a 3b1a4 c49 7180 bae30 dc4 4793a3 dc5d19 4ad09 3cb5c3f9 9f2 02398 30ff2d29 b07 f39 d69e d7d2 e358bfca d25b40c5434 0e68a b4ee2 b76e0 b2a8 65300 be6e 95f4 fcb5fd1f4 934 f29e7 ee6d7cfa 31ddc0 5b49 f94 3c1 e22 f3b5 c0e4a d46 2e7c96fc5b 3f9 f11 c9f0 8a6db91a1 7118e 3de6 3e7a02 f9 c1d19137 7d0a7a 34d40ff5b8 453 f6f4e0e 59e15a9 f853 8397 40b3 e9ac33e6fc51 7d8 b739 3a5076 c67 d16e 7cc03df1 b1f0b9 fc0 46 3a67e368 0a4d3d50 cf8d5 f476 8201 e328 cbbba50 c741 ebd4f6 b2e1 0316e d218 e1d2 918 0d4204 90efb3ab05fb73 c76 f04 f402 4609 30bbbd8c70 8725 e74dc8 cf9a 5b23 c6 ce52 6d 17-63 PullQuote: Hypothesis Testing vs Theory Don’t confuse “hypothesis” and “theory.” The former is a possible explanation; the latter, the correct one The establishment of theory is the very purpose of science 6f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 6e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66 b5ff294 1e747 e Martin H Fischer professor emeritus physiology University of Cincinnati e1b11a9 32da b860 f81 b6f9bdc32 ecac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f8 932dab860 f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7776e 0cf7b6 0da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2 941e 747e6 f87e 1b1 1a 860f8 1b6 f9bdc32eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff29 41e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32da b f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7 776e0 cf7b6 0da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b86 6f9bdc3 2eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff294 1e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32dab860 f81 b dc32e cac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f87 e1b1 1a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 b 32eca c7776 e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc c7776 e0cf7b60da 52f6 cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc32e ca e0cf7b60 da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 fc3a3 f93a 08582 6d66a 60f835 d2406 ea15 f7e7 b88cbf5e9cb78 cc9e16 d1072 e24 c3ee4 7d0800 c6a8 0136 f54 da448 1c2 b397 7f6 f33 e0be 8a4b3 d678 cc5b77 828 cc3 7ae38 f66a4 9c84a7 1dc1cb825a 4f1 d7c732fb9a4 e5765 f83 10c1984 f96 1e06 cf3 fc71f185b5ad74 b fac7b7b2 0dfcfdcdf1 cf4 2b2 fc6 b5a c1e9 c4a51ae fef5b7 de7f4b3 cc9e5d780d33d5 94 9e3f2 1bf4656 147e4 1c5 63d1 76a97 9e946 6be8 9c63 c0e 2907 0df0e654 8e28 c32 c6 f8f7 7ea8e433 c9 f051 8c9 06b9a 684d9d02 5cb598 854db148 3a8024 9bc348 7e1be 4646 2d7a b f21d145b5b08 b8e1 f8 c76 f42 b4ce 759fb93 c48 e7f8a41e7 8571e 64a2 f48b0e5 c8d4 bb8 df3 fa34df8 f2c9de ba5dcb1e e30bc7d67cb1d4163 72d9 47cdab0 1c5 76b2 b2efb3 c49a2 08d258 539 bc6 96d5a 3b1a4 c49 7180 bae30 dc4 4793a3 dc5d19 4ad09 3cb5c3f9 9f2 02398 30ff2d29 b07 f39 d69e d7d2 e358bfca d25b40c5434 0e68a b4ee2 b76e0 b2a8 65300 be6e 95f4 fcb5fd1f4 934 f29e7 ee6d7cfa 31ddc0 5b49 f94 3c1 e22 f3b5 c0e4a d46 2e7c96fc5b 3f9 f11 c9f0 8a6db91a1 7118e 3de6 3e7a02 f9 c1d19137 7d0a7a 34d40ff5b8 453 f6f4e0e 59e15a9 f853 8397 40b3 e9ac33e6fc51 7d8 b739 3a5076 c67 d16e 7cc03df1 b1f0b9 fc0 46 3a67e368 0a4d3d50 cf8d5 f476 8201 e328 cbbba50 c741 ebd4f6 b2e1 0316e d218 e1d2 918 0d4204 90efb3ab05fb73 c76 f04 f402 4609 30bbbd8c70 8725 e74dc8 cf9a 5b23 c6 ce52 6d 17-64 PulsePoint: Research Revelation $28 The amount, in billions, saved by North American companies by having employees use a company purchasing card 6f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 6e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66 b5ff294 1e747 e e1b11a9 32da b860 f81 b6f9bdc32 ecac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f8 932dab860 f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7776e 0cf7b6 0da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2 941e 747e6 f87e 1b1 1a 860f8 1b6 f9bdc32eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff29 41e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32da b f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7 776e0 cf7b6 0da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b86 6f9bdc3 2eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff294 1e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32dab860 f81 b dc32e cac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f87 e1b1 1a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 b 32eca c7776 e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc c7776 e0cf7b60da 52f6 cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc32e ca e0cf7b60 da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 fc3a3 f93a 08582 6d66a 60f835 d2406 ea15 f7e7 b88cbf5e9cb78 cc9e16 d1072 e24 c3ee4 7d0800 c6a8 0136 f54 da448 1c2 b397 7f6 f33 e0be 8a4b3 d678 cc5b77 828 cc3 7ae38 f66a4 9c84a7 1dc1cb825a 4f1 d7c732fb9a4 e5765 f83 10c1984 f96 1e06 cf3 fc71f185b5ad74 b fac7b7b2 0dfcfdcdf1 cf4 2b2 fc6 b5a c1e9 c4a51ae fef5b7 de7f4b3 cc9e5d780d33d5 94 9e3f2 1bf4656 147e4 1c5 63d1 76a97 9e946 6be8 9c63 c0e 2907 0df0e654 8e28 c32 c6 f8f7 7ea8e433 c9 f051 8c9 06b9a 684d9d02 5cb598 854db148 3a8024 9bc348 7e1be 4646 2d7a b f21d145b5b08 b8e1 f8 c76 f42 b4ce 759fb93 c48 e7f8a41e7 8571e 64a2 f48b0e5 c8d4 bb8 df3 fa34df8 f2c9de ba5dcb1e e30bc7d67cb1d4163 72d9 47cdab0 1c5 76b2 b2efb3 c49a2 08d258 539 bc6 96d5a 3b1a4 c49 7180 bae30 dc4 4793a3 dc5d19 4ad09 3cb5c3f9 9f2 02398 30ff2d29 b07 f39 d69e d7d2 e358bfca d25b40c5434 0e68a b4ee2 b76e0 b2a8 65300 be6e 95f4 fcb5fd1f4 934 f29e7 ee6d7cfa 31ddc0 5b49 f94 3c1 e22 f3b5 c0e4a d46 2e7c96fc5b 3f9 f11 c9f0 8a6db91a1 7118e 3de6 3e7a02 f9 c1d19137 7d0a7a 34d40ff5b8 453 f6f4e0e 59e15a9 f853 8397 40b3 e9ac33e6fc51 7d8 b739 3a5076 c67 d16e 7cc03df1 b1f0b9 fc0 46 3a67e368 0a4d3d50 cf8d5 f476 8201 e328 cbbba50 c741 ebd4f6 b2e1 0316e d218 e1d2 918 0d4204 90efb3ab05fb73 c76 f04 f402 4609 30bbbd8c70 8725 e74dc8 cf9a 5b23 c6 ce52 6d 17-65 Chapter 17 HYPOTHESIS TESTING 6f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 6e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66 b5ff294 1e747 e e1b11a9 32da b860 f81 b6f9bdc32 ecac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f8 932dab860 f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7776e 0cf7b6 0da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2 941e 747e6 f87e 1b1 1a 860f8 1b6 f9bdc32eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff29 41e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32da b f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7 776e0 cf7b6 0da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b86 6f9bdc3 2eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff294 1e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32dab860 f81 b dc32e cac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f87 e1b1 1a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 b 32eca c7776 e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc c7776 e0cf7b60da 52f6 cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc32e ca e0cf7b60 da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 fc3a3 f93a 08582 6d66a 60f835 d2406 ea15 f7e7 b88cbf5e9cb78 cc9e16 d1072 e24 c3ee4 7d0800 c6a8 0136 f54 da448 1c2 b397 7f6 f33 e0be 8a4b3 d678 cc5b77 828 cc3 7ae38 f66a4 9c84a7 1dc1cb825a 4f1 d7c732fb9a4 e5765 f83 10c1984 f96 1e06 cf3 fc71f185b5ad74 b fac7b7b2 0dfcfdcdf1 cf4 2b2 fc6 b5a c1e9 c4a51ae fef5b7 de7f4b3 cc9e5d780d33d5 94 9e3f2 1bf4656 147e4 1c5 63d1 76a97 9e946 6be8 9c63 c0e 2907 0df0e654 8e28 c32 c6 f8f7 7ea8e433 c9 f051 8c9 06b9a 684d9d02 5cb598 854db148 3a8024 9bc348 7e1be 4646 2d7a b f21d145b5b08 b8e1 f8 c76 f42 b4ce 759fb93 c48 e7f8a41e7 8571e 64a2 f48b0e5 c8d4 bb8 df3 fa34df8 f2c9de ba5dcb1e e30bc7d67cb1d4163 72d9 47cdab0 1c5 76b2 b2efb3 c49a2 08d258 539 bc6 96d5a 3b1a4 c49 7180 bae30 dc4 4793a3 dc5d19 4ad09 3cb5c3f9 9f2 02398 30ff2d29 b07 f39 d69e d7d2 e358bfca d25b40c5434 0e68a b4ee2 b76e0 b2a8 65300 be6e 95f4 fcb5fd1f4 934 f29e7 ee6d7cfa 31ddc0 5b49 f94 3c1 e22 f3b5 c0e4a d46 2e7c96fc5b 3f9 f11 c9f0 8a6db91a1 7118e 3de6 3e7a02 f9 c1d19137 7d0a7a 34d40ff5b8 453 f6f4e0e McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2014 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All rights reserved 59e15a9 f853 8397 40b3 e9ac33e6fc51 7d8 b739 3a5076 c67 d16e 7cc03df1 b1f0b9 fc0 46 3a67e368 0a4d3d50 cf8d5 f476 8201 e328 cbbba50 c741 ebd4f6 b2e1 0316e d218 e1d2 918 0d4204 90efb3ab05fb73 c76 f04 f402 4609 30bbbd8c70 8725 e74dc8 cf9a 5b23 c6 ce52 6d Photo Attributions Slide Source Courtesy of Abacus 11 Courtesy of Toyota 53 Francisco Cruz/Purestock/SuperStock 61 Purestock/age fotostock 62 Ingram Publishing 63 Jeffrey Coolidge/Photodisc/Getty Images 6f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 6e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66 b5ff294 1e747 e e1b11a9 32da b860 f81 b6f9bdc32 ecac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f8 932dab860 f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7776e 0cf7b6 0da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2 941e 747e6 f87e 1b1 1a 860f8 1b6 f9bdc32eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff29 41e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32da b f81b6f9 bdc32e cac7 776e0 cf7b6 0da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b86 6f9bdc3 2eca c77 76e0 cf7 b60 da52 f6cf66 b5ff294 1e74 7e6f87e1 b11a9 32dab860 f81 b dc32e cac7776 e0cf7b60da5 2f6 cf66b5ff2941e 747e 6f87 e1b1 1a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 b 32eca c7776 e0cf7 b60da 52f6cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc c7776 e0cf7b60da 52f6 cf66b5ff2941 e747e 6f8 7e1b11a932 dab8 60f81b6 f9 bdc32e ca e0cf7b60 da52 f6 cf6 6b5ff2 941e7 47e6 f87e 1b11a 932da b860 f81 b6 f9bdc3 2eca c777 fc3a3 f93a 08582 6d66a 60f835 d2406 ea15 f7e7 b88cbf5e9cb78 cc9e16 d1072 e24 c3ee4 7d0800 c6a8 0136 f54 da448 1c2 b397 7f6 f33 e0be 8a4b3 d678 cc5b77 828 cc3 7ae38 f66a4 9c84a7 1dc1cb825a 4f1 d7c732fb9a4 e5765 f83 10c1984 f96 1e06 cf3 fc71f185b5ad74 b fac7b7b2 0dfcfdcdf1 cf4 2b2 fc6 b5a c1e9 c4a51ae fef5b7 de7f4b3 cc9e5d780d33d5 94 9e3f2 1bf4656 147e4 1c5 63d1 76a97 9e946 6be8 9c63 c0e 2907 0df0e654 8e28 c32 c6 f8f7 7ea8e433 c9 f051 8c9 06b9a 684d9d02 5cb598 854db148 3a8024 9bc348 7e1be 4646 2d7a b f21d145b5b08 b8e1 f8 c76 f42 b4ce 759fb93 c48 e7f8a41e7 8571e 64a2 f48b0e5 c8d4 bb8 df3 fa34df8 f2c9de ba5dcb1e e30bc7d67cb1d4163 72d9 47cdab0 1c5 76b2 b2efb3 c49a2 08d258 539 bc6 96d5a 3b1a4 c49 7180 bae30 dc4 4793a3 dc5d19 4ad09 3cb5c3f9 9f2 02398 30ff2d29 b07 f39 d69e d7d2 e358bfca d25b40c5434 0e68a b4ee2 b76e0 b2a8 65300 be6e 95f4 fcb5fd1f4 934 f29e7 ee6d7cfa 31ddc0 5b49 f94 3c1 e22 f3b5 c0e4a d46 2e7c96fc5b 3f9 f11 c9f0 8a6db91a1 7118e 3de6 3e7a02 f9 c1d19137 7d0a7a 34d40ff5b8 453 f6f4e0e 59e15a9 f853 8397 40b3 e9ac33e6fc51 7d8 b739 3a5076 c67 d16e 7cc03df1 b1f0b9 fc0 46 3a67e368 0a4d3d50 cf8d5 f476 8201 e328 cbbba50 c741 ebd4f6 b2e1 0316e d218 e1d2 918 0d4204 90efb3ab05fb73 c76 f04 f402 4609 30bbbd8c70 8725 e74dc8 cf9a 5b23 c6 ce52 6d 17-67