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Developing an Agricultural Research and Development Priority Framework for Vietnam Workshop Economic & Policy Research WORKBOOK July 2010 WORKSHOP OBJECTIVES  Assess the national priorities for economic and policy research and development in Vietnam WORKING IN GROUPS All participants will be seated in mixed pre-selected groups The majority of work will be in these groups The composition of groups will be changed as needed throughout the workshop There are some basic “rules” for working effectively in workshop groups:  recognise that each person’s opinion is valid  take responsibility       for contributing  for understanding 2:1 rule  criticise but after positive feedback listen actively  use ‘and’ instead of ‘but’ express yourself concisely keep to time turn off mobile phones – use only during coffee and lunch breaks For each workshop session:  make sure people are allotted the task of taking notes  watch the time Economic and Policy Research Priorities for Vietnam EXPECTATIONS OF WORKSHOP/PARTICIPANT INTRODUCTION [Purpose is to ensure participants know who is there, where they come from, what skills are represented, and consolidate expectations of the workshop] Group discussion Each participant  Who am I – name, affiliation, responsibility, interest/experience  What I want to happen at this workshop  What I don’t want to happen at this workshop [2 minutes per person] Tables  Pool expectations  Decide on cards per table for each of wants and don’t wants Report back One person from each table to provide brief pen picture of the table (2 per table) Facilitator collect, group, paste cards [Reporting to be on Cards to enable visualisation of the output of each session and typing of each session’s work for distribution to participants] Economic and Policy Research Priorities for Vietnam STRATEGIC CONTEXT FOR ECONOMIC & POLICY RESEARCH IN VIETNAM [Purpose is to develop a common understanding of the main issues facing the agriculture economy and policy environment in Vietnam to provide the context for priority setting] Table Discussion  What are the major issues external (national and international) to the agricultural economy and policy setting environment that have important implications for the future  What are the major issues internal to the agriculture economy and policy setting environment that have important implications for the future Identify the issues and implications, recording issue and implication on different coloured cards Half tables consider external issues and half tables consider internal issues NOTES Economic and Policy Research Priorities for Vietnam RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT PRIORITIES METHODOLOGY OUTLINE OF THE PRIORITY SETTING METHODOLOGY1 INTRODUCTION The primary objective behind Research & Development (R&D2) priority assessment is to determine the broad research programmes that will provide Vietnam with the greatest return on investment in R & D provided by government and other major stakeholders Priority setting is the central issue of research and extension management It is a complex task It must be done in a systematic framework able to allow the results to support open and robust decision-making about research and extension resource allocation and management The highest priority R & D is that which has the highest economic, social and environmental value to the nation Choices must be made about the Areas of Economic and Policy Research Opportunity (EPRO) to support, and which not to support If there are no established priorities, then the choices made will be unlikely to produce results of maximum benefit to Vietnam At worst, the results will be irrelevant and provide no return for the public investment involved In addition the limited staff and resources available to undertake such research and the high level of un-scheduled requests for urgent responses to policy issues and advice from the Ministry and the Party, requires IPSARD to focus its longer term substantive research in a very few areas is as ph Em asis ng ph ro Em St ng ro St d it e m Li EC TI V IT SE L IN C RE A SE D is as ph m eE Y iv ct le Se ATTRACTIVENESS Figure 1: Use of Priorities to Assist in Selection of Research Programs/Projects t or pp Su FEASIBILITY CSIRO Australia has applied the basic model described here at corporate and division levels and it has been used in more than 60 other research organisations in Asia, Australia and New Zealand, USA and Europe The conceptual analytic framework is based on the one published by the Industrial Research Institute, New York in 1986, viz: R N Foster, L H Linden, R L Whiteley and A M Kantrow, Improving the return on R&D-I, in 'Measuring and Improving the Performance and Return on R&D', IRI, New York (originally published in Research Management, January 1985) Development includes technology development and transfer using transfer mechanisms including extension Economic and Policy Research Priorities for Vietnam In the past the research and development program is driven by MARD staff using an allocative process In the future MARD will fund research under an open and contestable process without bias The aim is to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of investment into research and to develop a research environment that encourages a high degree of innovation Under this process MARD will clarify the priorities for research investment and define the broad outcomes expected that investment The research providers will submit research proposals and budgets that will contribute to achievement of these outcomes In a “perfect world” those projects that offer the best value for money will be supported There is a range of methodologies available for R & D priority setting Selection of the most appropriate methodology for Vietnam is driven by: The need to use a consultation process that involves a large number and diverse range of stakeholders; The need to develop ownership of priorities amongst MARD and research institute staff, farmers, exporters, processors and marketers The absence of detailed and reliable statistical data on production, profitability, and markets and the absence of research on the impact of policies and on the key drivers of new and more effective agricultural policies; The need to move from R & D focussed on production and subsistence/food security to R & D emphasising an empowering policy environment the generate improved agriculture sustainability, profitability, quality, marketing and commercial systems; The need to use an objective process that evaluates the likely economic, social and environmental benefits to Vietnam; The capacity to undertake appropriate research An important principle is to implement the process and learn from experience, doing what make sense rather than worrying about academic perfection THE METHODOLOGY Specific principles about priority setting include:  Consider areas that are easily related to the benefits from research (the purpose of the research) not research disciplines – in this case defined as Economic & Policy Research Opportunities (EPRO)  These areas should be mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive, consistently based, forward looking and manageable in number  Linked to and consistent with the research financing the process  Criteria are independent  The criteria used should consider: o The potential economic, environmental, social, institutional and scientific benefits from successful research o The context within which research products and services will be used o The state of development of required research tools and techniques and the health of appropriate disciplines o The availability of research skills and infrastructure  Importantly, priorities are relative; the lower the priority of an area the greater the selectivity in choosing projects within them, as illustrated in Figure Economic and Policy Research Priorities for Vietnam The model recommended for use in Vietnam is a five-step process Define broad Economic & Policy Research Opportunities (EPROs) at the sub-sector level Prioritise EPROs at the sub-sector level From the results of the sub-sector prioritisation establish priorities at the sector level (these may combine some of the sub-sector level priorities into a larger grouping Undertake Sector level research prioritisation Prepare workshop reports and a National R&D Investment Portfolio and Policy Statement EPRO Definitions In the case of the EPROs several workshops and iterations on the number and coverage of EPROs were facilitated within IPSARD Initially there were 17-18 broad EPROs but these were reduced as more work and areas of duplication and areas outside the thematic area of agriculture and rural development were eliminated From the results of these workshops a sector set of EPROs was prepared and these are contained in this workbook (Data Sheets) and in a second workbook where data and information has been analysed according to the research priority setting framework (discussed below) EPROs were to be defined in terms of goal, scope and coverage The goal describes the results expected from all the research in the EPRO - e.g for commodity research the goal defined was “To develop the capacity for market analysis and forecast, to improve competitiveness of major Vietnamese products in domestic and international markets and to use that capacity as a basis for providing commodity policy advice, including food security, to Government.” EPRO Priorities The model used to form Research priorities is relatively simple It asks participants to evaluate the overall merit of Research investment in each EPRO, in terms of Attractiveness to Vietnam and its Feasibility in Vietnam A scoring scheme is used to compare and rank the EPROs Scoring is an effective way to allow a group to take all factors critical to the decision into account in a logical and open way The relative scores for each EPRO are developed in structured group discussions in terms of four independent criteria These are: Market & Production Potential Benefits for Vietnam Factors Working For & Against Achievement of Potentials Potential Contribution of R & D to Development R &D Capacity Within Vietnam The relationship between these four criteria is shown in the assessment framework below Economic and Policy Research Priorities for Vietnam The relative rankings and positions of the EPROs are important They indicate the best “areas” for research and/or extension investment When the priority-setting group represents researchers, extension workers and academics, farmers, politicians and the agricultural industry and other stakeholders, the methodology ensures that the best recommendations possible at the time are made An example of the outcome of the priority setting process Figure Plot of attractiveness versus feasibility for a hypothetical set of eight EPROs showing their priority rating on the basis of their return to Vietnam RETURN FROM R&D FOR EACH AREA OF RESEARCH OPPORTUNITY 100 90 80 70 60 Attractiveness 50 40 30 20 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Feasibility In Figure 1, two EPROs (# and # 8) score the highest for both attractiveness and feasibility They are located in the top right hand corner of the graph They warrant strong research and extension emphasis, and are the highest priority group of EPROs Those located more towards the centre of the graph (# 3, # 5, # and # 7) warrant selective research and extension emphasis and can be classed as moderate priority The two with low scores for both attractiveness and feasibility (# and # 4) justify only limited support and have a low priority EPROs # and # have similar attractiveness scores, but EPRO # scores higher on feasibility In this hypothetical example the lower feasibility score for EPRO # occurs because the skills available to carry out the research and or extension are considered to be inadequate When the necessary skills are acquired, the two EPROs would otherwise be equal claimants for research Economic and Policy Research Priorities for Vietnam resources Attractiveness is determined by factors other than research and extension, such as markets, profits, employment, social and cultural benefits, so while EPROs # and # have similar feasibility scores, # is more attractive, and could be allocated more resources for research and extension Economic and Policy Research Priorities for Vietnam 10 AREAS OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY (EPRO) A Preparation workshop identified EPROs for the Economic & Policy Sub-sector The following areas selected comply with the principles that research areas to be compared are mutually exclusive, collectively exhaustive, consistently based, forward looking, and manageable in number It is important also that they are independent of organisational structure, easily reflect the benefits from successful research and are not discipline-based The areas for comparison are essentially areas of research and development opportunity (EPRO) from which benefits will arise In summary the areas are: EPRO Commodity Research, Market Analysis, Forecast & Policy Analysis EPRO Natural Resources & Rural Environment Management EPRO Research, Technology Development and Transfer Delivery Systems for Agriculture and Rural Development EPRO Social Security for Rural People and Sustainable Poverty Reduction EPRO Climate Change EPRO Rural Development EPRO Impact of International Economic Integration and Market Access to the Vietnam Agricultural Trade Economic and Policy Research Priorities for Vietnam 75 In collaboration with both foreign development agencies, e.g Danida, AECI, AusAID, etc and domestic research institutes, including IPSARD internal departments and centres, MARD partners, etc NOTES: Economic and Policy Research Priorities for Vietnam 76 EPRO 4: 1.1 SOCIAL SECURITY FOR RURAL PEOPLE AND SUSTAINABLE POVERTY REDUCTION EPRO DEFINITION National Goal or purpose Policy advice based on theoretical and practical knowledge and experience for development of appropriate programs to support rural people in preventing, mitigating and actively overcoming risks related to poverty, employment and livelihoods to ensure social security 1.2 Research Scope Focuses on reviewing theories, researches and experiences; evaluating current situation and proposing policies and solutions related to support for rural people to actively prevent and overcome seven group of risks, including natural, economic, social, environment, conflict, health and life cycle-related risks, aiming at ensuring social security and sustainable poverty reduction: Contents and measures to actively generate and transfer livelihood for rural people, mainly through active labour market measures; Measures to promote people to actively cope with (mitigate) negative impacts of risks through social insurance programs; Issues and solutions to create a framework for surmounting the consequences of risks through emergency social relief and regular social assistance Wealth transfer approaches to improve delivery of social services including education and health and address basic incomes for poor rural households 1.3 Coverage  Literature review on social security; international experience in designing and implementing social security policies and programs in rural areas;  Reviewing social security policies for rural people in Vietnam;  Assessing risks (seven groups of risks) applied for rural people in Vietnam;  Orientations to develop social security policies and sustainable poverty reduction for rural people 3.2 FEASIBILITY R&D Capacity 3.2.1 Core Capacities (IPSARD) Main outputs related to the topic are provided by IPSARD: i Rural development In short run Commodity institutional model is built to vertically link producers, processors and traders aiming at increased participation of farmers and the poor in the value chain which in turn helps increase income and speed up rural economic structural adjustment Support is provided to build organizational model of rural profession villages and Economic and Policy Research Priorities for Vietnam 77 enterprises (cooperatives, associations) in order to expand production scale, provide more public services and raise commodity competitiveness…Model of product origin certificate and original trademark is set up for local special products Model of rural development policy analysis is built to simulate structure of rural organizations in order to forecast policy and market response and impact on stakeholders Thematic studies on rural institution, farming system and rural planning…are conducted to provide scientific base for policy recommendations for rural socio-economic and environmental development Information products (publications, rural development bulletin, and program on television ) provide rural study results, create multi-dimensioned mechanism for information exchange, and help people understand policies and give feedback for policy formulation b In long run Support is provided to build community-based models of rural development and poverty reduction…in order to mobilize internal power and involve people into decision-making process Rural observatory network collects information on representative households to observe the rural situation of labour, employment, nutrition and income…, evaluate policy and market impacts and other fluctuations Rural development forum helps present ideas, provide information and bring skills and knowledge to all stakeholders in agriculture and rural development sector Advice and answers are directly given to the people through the forum ii Policy and strategy To give effective advice on state management to the Ministry, the Institute needs to respond to questions, provide necessary information and ideas and raise problems from reality to policy and strategy makers The Institute has been providing the following outputs: In short run Thematic studies are conducted to respond to questions of policy makers, recommend policy ideas submitted from localities, and review agricultural and rural policy experiences nationally and internationally Policy database is updated and policies for agriculture and rural development in the past 10 years are categorized in order to be user-friendly Development and globalization bulletin introduces theory, lessons in and outside the country, research results and new policies Reports on policy comments and evaluation are made objectively and independently to provide policy makers with scientific base to compare, select and modify policy Policy website and forum transparently provide policy initiatives and solutions for comments and recommendations by stakeholders b In long run Policy analysis and economic models are built to simulate structure and activities of the sector including key commodities on each ecological zone in order to analyse impacts of sector, macro or integration policy 3.2.2 Specialist Capacities (Institute of Labour Science and Social Affairs - ILSSA ) Main operating fields: Scientific studies on labour, invalids and social affairs, including: Economic and Policy Research Priorities for Vietnam 78 - Forecasting the development tendency, providing strategic guidance in the fields of labour, invalids and social affairs, and participating in formulating sectoral strategy; - Population and labour force development; immigration and labour movement; vocational training to promote labour restructuring; and job generation responsive to labour market demand; - Employment and unemployment; transition of labour structure; labour market analysis; impacts of globalization; - Wage, salary and income; standard levels for skilled workers; labour norms; social and labour productivity; - Standard and norms of occupational safety, health and conditions; - Female workers; social aspects and gender issues of female workers and special workers; - Preferential scheme for devoted people; - Poverty reduction; social security; social protection and social evils; Training and fostering officials of labour, invalids and social sector; post-graduate training specialized in labour economics (master and doctor degrees) stipulated by law; Based-line surveys to serve the scientific studies on labour and social affairs; collecting and disseminating scientific information and findings; Consulting, examining and assessing programs, projects, policies and studies under the administration of MOLISA; and Promoting the co-operation with domestic and international agencies, organizations, and non-government organizations in labour and social affairs under the stipulation of law and administration of MOLISA; ILSSA’s Project experiences relate to the topic  Project VIE/02/001 “Support to improve and implement national targeted programs on poverty reduction”, Component of Technical assistance in developing a feasible M&E system for the comprehensive research and implementation process of The National Targeted Program on Poverty Reduction  Participatory market and poverty assessment in Tra Vinh, Daknong and Ha Tinh provinces  Research on self-help system and the possibility to link it with social security system  Pilot survey on identification of poor household  Household characteristic-based identification methods of poor households  The Program on Summarizing 20 years of Renovation, Project on “The situation of income distribution and the gap between rich and poor”  Reviewing poverty reduction policies and selecting policies to assess their impacts on poverty reduction process in Vietnam  Study on guiding social policy making to support vulnerable groups in Vietnam’s rural areas Other organizations: Bureau of Social Protection (MOLISA) Economic and Policy Research Priorities for Vietnam 79 Department of Social Insurance (MOLISA) Vietnam Social Insurance Agency World Bank, UNDP, DFID, etc NOTES: Economic and Policy Research Priorities for Vietnam 80 EPRO 5: CLIMATE CHANGE EPRO DEFINITION 1.1 National goal or purpose Increase the capacity of Vietnam’s Government, Ministry of agriculture and rural development (MARD) and Vietnamese people in forecasting the climate change’s impacts, mitigating and adapting with its negative impacts, exploiting its positive impacts and ensure the sustainable agriculture and rural development 1.2 Research Scope  Assess climate change’s impacts analysis and forecast, especially for policy analysis of MARD;  Construct an effective database and monitoring system for climate change information for the agricultural sector;  Conduct experiments and combine with climatic model to establish bio-economic models, general equilibrium models to analyse and forecast climate change’s impacts on agricultural production and farmer’s livelihood in short term and long term  Conduct in-depth analyses to analyse the adaptive and mitigation capacity of farmers, local authorities and other relevant actors to these impacts;  Study the optimal strategy/approach for the MARD and the government to cope with climate change (based on cost benefit analysis); and  Provide timely information and knowledge of climate change’s impacts analysis results via policy discussion forum, conference, publications to assist the public and private sector to develop their working plan and strategy 1.3 Coverage The priorities are most significant climate change phenomena: (i) sea level rising (including salt water intrusion), (i) temperature increase, (iii) rainfall change, and (iv) seriousness changes in natural disaster (drought, storm, El-Nino and La-Nina) At a lower priority level, other phenomena such as changes in wind speed, sun light brightness may be addressed FEASIBILITY IN VIETNAM 3.1 R&D Capacity IPSARD is currently one of a few agencies have reputation in policy research on agricultural and rural development sector in Vietnam IPSARD staff are good at using socio-economic computable models such as trade model, household’s agricultural production model, etc However, this institute has no experience on (i) technical aspect of climate change, (ii) using bio-economic models, partial/general equilibrium model to analyse the impacts of climate change, (iii) and methodology to assess the adaptive and mitigation capacity of actors against climate change Therefore, capacity building in this area is very necessary Information sources and experts to help IPSARD include:  International Panel of Climate change (IPCC)  Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics (ABARE); Economic and Policy Research Priorities for Vietnam 81  Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR);  International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI);  World Bank  UNDP Research and policy development capacity needs include:  Basic knowledge of environmental and ecological science  Strong background on policy analysis, environment economics, climate and natural resources economic  Proficient use of statistical methods and econometrics, GIS techniques, bioeconomic models, computable partial/general equilibrium models applied for climate change  Foreign language proficiency (English) Specialist capacity  Skills of policy quantitative analysis, market analysis and forecasting, especially development of comprehensive and partial balanced models  Long-time understanding of Vietnam, especially on agriculture, environmental and natural resource management sectors  Wide and close relationship with international and domestic research agencies NOTES: Economic and Policy Research Priorities for Vietnam 82 EPRO 6: RURAL DEVELOPMENT EPRO DEFINITION 1.1 National Goal or Purpose  1.2 To develop capacity of policy analysis and use that capacity as a basis for providing rural development policy advice, and inputs for comprehensive rural development strategy of the Government Research Scope Review the policy and institutional framework for local development in Vietnam and experiences in the world Analyse impacts of existing policies and strategy on rural development  Analyse current “rural space” development including rural institutions (RIs) and cooperatives, the capacity and contribution of rural infrastructure development and the role and contribution of agribusiness development to rural development  Develop conceptual new models of RIs (civil organization, mass associations, business network, and community organization) and new models of cooperatives (cooperatives, associations, producer group, and contract farming) in rural areas, and examine how different actors could be mobilized in constructing rural infrastructure, and in diversification of rural production and value adding activities  Distil key lessons learnt for policy recommendations for improvement and progress and sustainable development of rural institutions, community and cooperatives, rural infrastructure and agribusiness development, rural investment incentive formulation on the basis of soliciting contribution ideas and policy needs of inhabitants  Key outputs would include: - Studying and advising the implications of current policies and strategies related rural institutions and co-operations; 1.3 Collecting and providing updated information and improving understanding of international experience; Analyzing impacts and roles of rural institutions and co-operatives and making policy recommendations Coverage Institutional development and economic development in rural areas, including: - Institutional reform and development in rural areas: rural institutions and cooperatives, community development - Economic reform and development in rural areas: agri-business development, rural infrastructure development (focus on marketing infrastructure: transports, communication and agricultural facilities) and rural investment Economic and Policy Research Priorities for Vietnam 83 FEASIBILITY 3.2 R & D Capacity Major Research Providers                    Division of Rural Institutions of IPSARD, Institute of Transportation Strategy MOT CIEM EU ADB UNIDO JICA AUSAID GTZ DANIDA MARD World Bank MCNV, CORDAID (the Netherlands) AECI (Spain) Vietnam Chamber for Commerce and Industry (VCCI) Institute of Policy and Strategy for ARD (IPSARD) World Bank Central Institute of Economic Management NOTES: Economic and Policy Research Priorities for Vietnam 84 EPRO 7: IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC INTEGRATION AND MARKET ACCESS TO THE VIETNAM AGRICULTURAL TRADE EPRO DEFINITION 1.1 National Goal To develop a better and more favourable analytical framework and policy environment for Vietnam agricultural trade under context of international economics integration Purposes  To enhance the ability to access world markets  To develop strategies to improve the competitiveness/ export markets for key agricultural products  To develop capacity within Vietnam in analysing agricultural trade  To provide policy advice information, research results on multilateral and bilateral trade issues to policy makers, industry and other stakeholders 1.2 Research Scope  Review and analyse Vietnam’s current WTO commitments and trade agreements with other countries, which have the potential to impact on market access ability of agricultural products  Study the impact of WTO commitments and FTA to the exported agriculture commodities and those ones’ potential export  Build a database on agricultural trade, price, policy and research on trade liberalization  Country study on: competitiveness of main agricultural products and their main export markets; demand and taste changes in the targeted export markets and potential export markets for Vietnam’s agricultural products in the future  Further study on some main export markets: their potential demand, taste and especially prevailing FTAs with other countries It would help highlight key issues when negotiating with other trading partners to conform with the WTO commitments and trade agreements on the one hand, and to promote agricultural production and export on the other hand 1.3 Research Coverage  Focus on Vietnam’s major agricultural exports  Update information on changes of international trade policy and WTO negotiations  Analysis of market access commitments for major agricultural products  Data collection on agricultural export volume, market share, prices, supply and demand, etc of Vietnam (at national and local levels)  Data on market share, agricultural production, prices of major exporting/importing countries (at country and world market levels)  Stakeholders’ meetings and policy discussion at central level Economic and Policy Research Priorities for Vietnam 85  Analyse impact of WTO accession and regional trade agreement using computable general equilibrium models, possibly GTAP version 2004, thus give an overview of current situation and projection as well This is quite different from the method that international economic integration will employ: using updated database for monitoring and quick assessment of agreement  Calculate competitiveness index of major agricultural products  Suggest potential export markets for Vietnam agricultural products  Experience of other developing countries in ASEAN/Asia in promoting agricultural industries  Suggest policy options to promote agricultural exports of Vietnam FEASIBILITY 3.3 R&D Capacity Core Capacities (those that IPSARD should have) Initial investment from the State and donors: (i) Information infrastructure (computers, trade database, policy) (ii) Improve human resources (iii) Knowledge and skills on collecting, literature reviewing and analysing international economic integration information (iv) Analytical tools (software, template, etc.) and dissemination tools (publication, website, etc.) Comment on availability and capability within IPSARD Presently, Information Centre for Agriculture and Rural Development (AGROINFO) is the only unit in IPSARD provides information on international economic integration AGROINFO has established analysis team according to Vietnam’s key commodities AGROINFO’s staff are trained in basic domains (economy, marketing, foreign trade etc), able to use foreign languages and produce periodical publications (weekly, monthly, quarterly and annually) on some selected commodities (such as rice, meat and rubber) AGROINFO has also built up a database on prices, trade and policy, etc However, AGROINFO staff number is small and weak in skills of collecting and analysing information on international economic integration, especially on foreign markets and Vietnam’s partners in bilateral and multilateral trade agreements The existing databases on agricultural trade and policy have a number of shortcomings There have been few information products and their dissemination channels are in need of improvement Specialist Capacities Those that might be used through collaboration or by contracting in (i) Domestic and regional market-commodity specialists (ii) Foreign market-commodity specialists Where these capacities might come from (available within Vietnam or external) Within Vietnam: Departments under MARD, VCCI, General Department of Customs, External: ERS/USDA, ABARE, IFPRI, FAPRI, etc Economic and Policy Research Priorities for Vietnam 86 NOTES: Economic and Policy Research Priorities for Vietnam 87 CONSOLIDATED EPRO PRIORITY ASSESSMENT SHEET YOUR COPY ECONOMIC & POLICY RESEARCH OPPORTUNITY Criteria Potential Adoption Benefits Likelihood Score Score Scientific Potential Research Capacity Score Score 1: Commodity Research, Market Analysis, Forecast & Policy Analysis 2: Natural Resources & Rural Environment Management 3: Research, Technology Development & Transfer Delivery Systems For Agriculture & Rural Development 4: Social Security For Rural People And Sustainable Poverty Reduction 5: Climate Change 6: Rural Development 7: Impact Of International Economic Integration And Market Access To The Vietnam Agricultural Trade Economic and Policy Research Priorities for Vietnam 88 DISCUSSION AND INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS [Purpose is to understand and discuss the main implications of the priority assessment] Presentation and interpretation of results Table discussion  Have we got it right  Questions that arise  Main implications that arise from the analysis Report back using cards NOTES Economic and Policy Research Priorities for Vietnam 89 Economic and Policy Research Priorities for Vietnam ... environment research and management institutions NOTES: Economic and Policy Research Priorities for Vietnam 19 EPRO 3: RESEARCH, TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND TRANSFER DELIVERY SYSTEMS FOR AGRICULTURE AND. .. their working plan and strategy 1.3 Coverage The focus includes:  Land use and management in agricultural sector and rural areas;  Water use and management in agricultural sector and rural areas... resource and environmental management and the intrinsic value of bio-diversity  Lack of techniques and knowledge to conduct advanced qualitative and quantitative analyses on (i) land use and management,