A study on difficulties and solutions to improve english grammar for the second year students of the department of information technology at hung yen university of technology and education

Trang 1 DECLARATION I certify my authorship of the study report entitled “A study on difficulties and solutions to improve English grammar for the second-year students of the Department

i DECLARATION I certify my authorship of the study report entitled “A study on difficulties and solutions to improve English grammar for the second-year students of the Department of Information Technology at Hung Yen University of Technology and Education.” This graduation paper is the result of my own research and the substance of this dissertation has not been submitted for a degree to any other university or institution and that if this declaration is found to be false, disciplinary measures and penalties can be taken and imposed in accordance with university policies ad rules Hung Yen, June 2021 Trinh Hai Dang ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am greatly indebted to so many people for the fulfillment of this study First and foremost, I would like to express my deepest gratitude towards my supervisor, Mrs Hoang Thi Ngoc Lan for his enthusiastic guidance, valuable comments and suggestions on my doing thesis Without these, my thesis would not have been successfully completed I am grateful to all the lecturers who have been teaching the K15 Faculty of Foreign Languages – UTEHY I would also like to thank students at Faculty of Information Technology for having given me the chance to work with students participating in my study for their enthusiastic participation in the classroom observation and completing the survey questionnaire Last but not least, I would like to express my gratitude to my family, my relatives and my friends for their support and encouragements during the research process iii ABSTRACT The research aims at investigating a study on difficulties and solutions to improve English grammar for the second-year students of the Department of Information Technology at Hung Yen University of Technology and Education, the situation of learning English grammar, the difficulties as well as techniques for improving English grammar for the second-year students of the Department of Information Technology at Hung Yen University of Technology and Education The study gives a systematic presentation the key theories related to English grammar The aspects of English grammar and some difficulties in learning English grammar are also thoroughly discussed In order to achieve the objectives, the researcher carried out survey questionnaires among 40 the second-year students of the Department of Information Technology at Hung Yen University of Technology and Education for their perspectives Based on the analysis from above sources of data, the researcher drew some significant conclusions The results of such research showed the difficulties and ways to overcome the English grammar for the second-year students of the Department of Information Technology at Hung Yen University of Technology and Education Finally, the findings were discussed, and some suggestions and implications for learning English grammar for tthe second-year students of the Department of Information Technology at Hung Yen University of Technology and Education were proposed for students iv CONTENTS DECLARATION i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ii ABSTRACT iii LIST OF TABLES AND CHARTS vi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION .1 Rationale Research purpose Research questions Research procedure Research methods Significance of the study .3 Scope of the study Design of the study CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 An overview of English grammar 2.1.1 Definitions 2.1.2 The importance of English grammar 2.1.3 Learning English grammar 2.2 Difficulties in learning English grammar .9 2.2.1 Class size 2.2.2 Lack of understanding of grammatical pattern 2.2.3 Lack of vocabulary 2.2.4 Teaching methods 10 2.3 Suggested solutions of learning English grammar 10 2.3.1 Learn English grammar websites online 10 2.3.2 Learn grammar through mistakes 11 2.3.3 Self- studying and to homework 11 2.4 Summary .12 CHAPTER 3: THE STUDY .13 3.1 Participants .13 v 3.2 The data collection instruments 14 3.3 Questionnaire 14 3.4 Data analysis method 14 3.5 The results 14 3.5.1 The result from questionnaire 14 3.5.1.1 Students' attitudes towards English grammar for the second-year students of the Department of Information Technology 14 3.5.1.2 Students' difficulties in learning English grammar for the second-year students of the Department of Information Technology 17 3.5.1.3 Students’ suggested solutions of learning English grammar for the second-year students of the Department of Information Technology 19 3.5.2 The interview 20 3.6 Findings .22 3.6.1 Difficulties faced by the students in learning grammar and their expectations 22 3.6.2 Suggested solutions to enhance the efficiency of learning English grammar 22 3.7 Recommendations 23 3.8 Summary 23 CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSION 24 4.1 The summary of the study 24 4.2 Implication of the study 24 4.3 Suggestions for the further study 25 REFERENCES 26 APPENDIX 1: SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE FOR STUDENTS I APPENDIX 2: INTERVIEW QUESTIONS FOR STUDENT IV vi LIST OF TABLES AND CHARTS • List of tables Table 1: Students’ perspective of spend time learning English grammar Table 2: The students’ perspective of difficulties factors in their English grammar Table 3: The students’ solutions English grammar Table 4: Students’ opinions on the best way to improve English grammar • List of charts Chart 1: Students’ evaluation about English grammar Chart 2: Students’ perspective of difficulties in learning English grammar Chart 3: The learning patterns Chart 4: The most influential element in students CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION Rationale It cannot be denied that in the whole world English has become more and more important as the international means of communication in many fields of our life such as aviation, business, service, culture, education, economy, and so on Thus, learning English has become a compulsory requirement of studying and working Vietnam is not out of this circle, learning English has been paid more and more attention to and has begun to be used widely in education and others fields That was grammar is a useful means of providing learners with grammar structure, which is an essential component of the whole language learning process Moreover, the English proficiency of Vietnamese students even at the university level is often less than satisfactory The reason is that English is taught as a separate subject rather than being used as the medium of communication Moreover, the formative test in most listening programs stress understanding questions, which require background knowledge, various new words, familiarity with the text topic and predicting ability At Hung Yen University of Technology and Education , for the second-year students of the Department of Information Technology, they cannot avoid common problems related to English grammar about the test form or some programs require grammar Therefore, it is essential for students to be fluent in English However, learning English grammar at Hung Yen University of Technology and Education still have many difficulties due to lack of effective methods that stimulate the student’s interests Therefore, it is very necessary to find out the effective methods in learning English grammar for all the secondyear students of the Department of Information Technology as well For the above reasons, in this minor thesis, the researcher would like to figure out “A study on difficulties and solutions to improve English grammar for the second-year students of the Department of Information Technology at Hung Yen University of Technology and Education.” as the title for the thesis in the hope that the researcher can contribute a small part in helping her students and her colleagues to improve their learning and teaching English especially in learning and teaching grammar that they may need for further study, work or leisure 2 Research purpose This study intends to find out difficulties students are facing when learning English grammar and solutions to improve English grammar, the focus will be: • Investigating difficulties students are facing when learning English grammar • Suggesting some solutions to those difficulties Research questions The research will find the answers for the following questions: • What are the difficulties for the students at the Department of Information Technology when they learn English grammar? • What are the solutions to improve English grammar for the students at the Department of Information Technology? Research procedure Firstly, reviewing the theoretical background related to grammar to get the foundation for the study Secondly, the study will investigate the difficulties in learning English grammar communicatively of the second-year students of the Department of Information Technology Finally, the study will give some suggestions to help improve and enhance the grammar for the second-year students of the Department of Information Technology Research methods In order to accomplish this thesis systematically and adequately, some research methods are used: Theoretical study method: studying the related documents to give some knowledge about grammar and some common difficulties in learning English grammar communicatively Investigative and survey methods: Questionnaires and observation Analysis method: from data got from many different materials related to the topic, analyzing to get the final results Systematized method: many materials related, the researcher has to systematize what she reads from materials Moreover, the research has to categorize the materials and her ideas to make study logical Significance of the study The study helps the researcher improve the knowledge about English grammar, the difficulties in learning English grammar communicatively of the second-year students of the Department of Information Technology, find out some solutions to improve the efficiency of teaching and learning English grammar at university It will be very helpful for the teachers of English in Hung Yen University of Technology and Education as well as for English teachers to teach grammar effectively, and motivate their learners in grammar classes These suggestions also help students who learn English improve their grammar and made language focus lessons more communicative and meaningful Scope of the study As could be seen from the title of the study, this paper strongly focuses on a study on difficulties and solutions to improve English grammar for the second-year students of the Department of Information Technology at Hung Yen University of Technology and Education Design of the study The study consists of parts, references Chapter l: Introduction - Rationale - Research purpose - Research questions - Research procedure - Research methods - Significance of the study - Scope of the study - Design of the study Chapter2: Literature - Overview of English grammar - Difficulties in learning English grammar - Suggested solutions of learning English grammar Chapter3: The study - Participants - The data collection instruments - Data analysis method - The results Chapter 4: Conclusion - Summary of the study - The limitations of the study - Suggestions for further studies 17 3.5.1.2 Students' difficulties in learning English grammar for the second-year students of the Department of Information Technology Question 1: What the most influential element you difficult to learn grammar in English? You can choose more than one choise Chart 4: The most influential element in students Question is the most influential element of students in English class The result shows five main elements that lead to be the interest of students According to the collected data, nearly 50% of students admit that students often lack of understanding of grammatical pattern Besides, 40% agree that students lack of vocabulary Too dependent on Vietnamese (35%) and class size (25%) are two other reasons in this problem 20% agree that teaching methods are cause of the difficulties of learning English grammar According to the interview results, there are many opinions affecting students' learning, but mainly because students are lack of understanding of grammatical pattern and lack of vocabulary in English grammar Question 2: How much time you spend on learning English grammar at home every day? content The number of students Percentage (%) More than two hours 7.5 An hour – two hours 10 25 Less than an hour 20 50 18 Never 17.5 Table 1: Students’ perspective of spend time learning English grammar Students who spend time learning English grammar more than two hours was 3, which 10 students (25%) choose the second answer “An hour – two hours", and in term of “Less than an hour” was by 50% However, not all these students saw it’s learn less than an hour Among 40 students, students (17.5%) thought that learning English grammar was never In this table, students were still lazy to study English at home, the study time was less than an hour Question 3: Below is a list of difficulties factors relating to English grammar To what extent you agree or disagree with each factor Content No % No % No % No % No % Lack of vocabulary 7.5 7.5 7.5 25 62.5 15 Lack of understanding of 10 12.5 15 20 17 42.5 10 20 12 30 10 25 15 Students are lazy 22.5 15 37.5 10 25 10 5 Teaching methods 22.5 19 47.5 20 5 Class size 17.5 14 35 11 27.5 12.5 7.5 grammatical pattern Too dependent on Vietnamese Table 2: The students’ perspective of difficulties factors in their English grammar As we can see in table 2, most of students (62.5%) found that Lack of vocabulary were agree, while just only students trongly agreed with this In term of “lack of understanding of grammatical pattern”, the giant number of students (42.5%) shared the strongly agree and the figure of students agree was by 20% There were a possitive number of students stated that "too dependent on Vietnamese" was agree and neutral by 25% and 30% respectively However, 30% of students still disagree and even strongly disagree 19 When students were asked to students are lazy to learn, 25% of learners could neutral and 37.5% of them stated it disagree Similarly, the figure of “Teaching methods”, who could not give this was sinificantly high (22.5% Strongly disagree and 47.5 disagree) Class size in this term, there were only students out of 40 considered it easy, meanwhile 35% of them it with disagree 3.5.1.3 Students’ suggested solutions of learning English grammar for the secondyear students of the Department of Information Technology Question 1: Below is a list of solutions students may have English grammar To what extent you agree or disagree with each factor Content No % Read a wide variety No % No % No % No % of 7.5 7.5 25 62.5 7.5 15 grammar through 12.5 17 42.5 15 20 10 English grammar 10 20 12 30 10 25 15 Self- studying and to 22.5 15 37.5 10 25 10 22.5 19 47.5 20 5 documents Learn mistakes Learn websites homework Exchanging with the teachers and students about things you have not understood Table 3: The students’ solutions English grammar As we can see in table 3, most of students (62.5%) found that read a wide variety of documents were neutral, while just only students trongly disagreed with this In term of “learn grammar through mistakes.”, the giant number of students (42.5%) shared the disagreement and the figure of students strongly agree was by 10% There were a possitive number of students stated that "learn English grammar websites online " was agree and 20 neutral by 25% and 30% respectively However, 30% of students still disagree and even strongly disagree There were a possitive number of students stated that"Self- studying and to homework"was disagree and neutral by 37.5% and 25% respectively When students were asked to “exchanging with the teachers and students about things you have not understood”, 22.5% of learners could very disagree and 47.5% was disagree Question 2: In your opinion, what is the best way to improve your English grammar? You can choose more than one choice Exchanging with the teachers and students 30% Fostering grammar knowledge 80% Fostering vocabulary knowledge 75% Learn English grammar websites online 50% Learn grammar through mistakes 20% Read a wide variety of documents 35% Self- studying and to homework 15% Table 4: Students’ opinions on the best way to improve English grammar From information in table 4, 80% of the students agree that fostering grammar knowledge is the most important element can help them improve their English grammar Besides, fostering vocabulary knowledge is also chosen by 75% of students when they want to develop English grammar They admit that learn English grammar websites online (50%) and read a wide variety of documents (35%) is other options when they need to learn English grammar Just 30% of members suggest that they should have teachers’ correction and (20%) of them have opinion that exchanging with the teachers and students and self- studying and to homework (15%) is the best way to improve your English grammar 3.5.2 The interview The interview questions are set up for students consisting of open-ended questions From these questions, I can find information about third year students’ opinions about 21 English grammar, some difficulties in learning English grammar and the solutions for improving English grammar After the interview, the researcher based on the interview results to analyze the data The interview results will be recorded carefully The interview data analysis will be presented with the collected data from the questionnaire in each part Question 1: How often you practice English grammar? Based on the information gathered from the responses of the interviewees Most of students said that their learn English grammar frequency is very low They rarely learn English grammar at home because they find English grammar very difficult they often get bored while studying it however, one of all interviewee said "Whenever I am interested in studying, I will take time to learn English grammar" None of them are regularly learning English grammar at home every day Question 2: How would you rate your leaning English grammar? According to interview results from students Most of the students self-assessed their English grammar as normal and not good Three of the students interviewed said that they self-reported their grammar level is not good because they find it very difficult to learn grammar They often have difficulties in the process of learning grammar, so they feel bored when learning Two of them said that they rated their English grammar as normal However, in the test, students often encounter situations where they understand the content of the listening test but not know how to use grammar to answer or express their ideas, they still miss a lot of words, so they sometimes posts Question 3: What are your difficulties in learning English grammar? When five students were asking about their difficulties in learning English grammar, all of students said that the biggest problem that they always get in English grammar is the grammar structure That is the reason why they cannot learn new words The second difficulty is that they are not lack background knowledge They stated that they couldn’t understand some grammar because they did not know anything about the grammar When the interview data were analyzed, it was found that this factor was actually related to the previous one, namely grammar Question 4: What you often to improve your English grammar? 22 According to the collected information from the interview, most of students said that they are building a strong grammar Besides, they suggest that they sometimes practice English grammar test at home to be familiarity with the test format and they chose some English websites In addition, they often practice listen through English document Question 5: What are the solutions you often use? According to the information collected from the interview, there are opinions that learning English grammar through English websites is highly effective because the grammar on websites is easy to find, the knowledge is recorded in a scientific way to help students easy-to-remember tablets But the rest think that reading a lot of documents to improve English vocabulary and structure 3.6 Findings After the analysis the data collected from the students, the research comes to the general conclusion on the perceptions and the real behaviors of for the second-year students of the Department of Information Technology at Hung Yen University of Technology and Education 3.6.1 Difficulties faced by the students in learning grammar and their expectations a.Too dependent on Vietnamese Vietnamese is the basic language of Vietnam, so Vietnamese grammar has a great influence on how to learn English Vietnamese grammar, too, has had a great impact on students learning English grammar, which is the reason why students rely on Vietnamese grammar b.Students are lazy The current situation of college students is lazy learning The number of self-taught and self-taught students is still too small For 12 years of studying in the form of "teacher reading and writing", most of the students face many difficulties when they have to make their own study plans 3.6.2 Suggested solutions to enhance the efficiency of learning English grammar a.Read a wide variety of references To improve your grammar, you can read a variety of documents to see how the author's grammar is used You should pay attention to read all genres of writing such as newspapers, essays, novels, etc When reading, remember to note the familiar sentence 23 structures to the author's innovation This is not only good for the process of learning grammar, but also makes your communication better b.Exchanging with the teachers and students about things you have not understood Exchanging with the teachers and students is a situational method that helps you to solve problems in the shortest possible time, improving learning efficiency The acquisition of lessons among students is different Therefore, teachers need to know more new and modern learning methods so that students not get bored quickly and can quickly understand the problem 3.7 Recommendations The result of the survey is relatively positive; however, there are still some certain challenges that were mentioned to by students Besides, each person has his/her own way to learn However, within the scope of the study, the researcher would like to put forward some recommendations to upgrade the outcomes of learning English in general and learning English grammar in particular The techniques suggested after this hopefully can serve as a tool for learning effectively 3.8 Summary To summarize, in chapter 3, the collected data from survey questionnaire, observation are presented has presented Then a study on difficulties and solutions to improve English grammar for the second-year students of the Department of Information Technology at Hung Yen University of Technology and Education More importantly, these findings enable the researcher to provide suggestions for developing in learning English grammar 24 CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSION In this chapter, all contents will be summarized first and then presented pedagogical implications that will be given to help students improve their English grammar, lists limitations of the study and suggestions for further studies 4.1 The summary of the study Data analysis of the questionnaire for students at the school shows difficulties faced by the students in learning grammar and their expectations as well as their own solutions The results are presented as followed: Generally, most of students at Hung Yen University of Technology and Education have not paid much attention to learning English in general and grammar in particular These are the reasons for this: The findings showed that students' difficulties in learning English grammar were low level of English proficiency, learning style and using mother tongue problem Other difficulties in learning and teaching English grammar of students were large and multi-level classes, students are lazy to learn and not master the basic English grammar This situation proved that students’ English grammar learning was still at very low level It is essential to solve these problems quickly and radically This job will require much effort Teachers, students as well as the administrators should work closely to change this situation; otherwise their students will not be able to learn English with the outside world in the target language 4.2 Implication of the study This thesis sets out to investigate the difficulties that the second-year students of the Department of Information Technology when they learn the English grammar in English in university And the main aims are to identify difficulties in order to find out the solutions help students to avoid these difficulties and get better results in learning English grammar and learning English as well In the process of doing this research, the writer first summarized the theories, ideas, opinions or hypothesis that related to learning English grammar , it helps learners to get more knowledge about grammar The findings and discussion which has synthesized the statistics collected from the questionnaire and observation point out the difficulties in learning English grammar of the second-year 25 students of the Department of Information Technology, and some suggested solutions to improve English grammar for students are given to help teachers and students understand more clearly about their problems These results and suggested solutions give more access for student to find out effective learning methods, apply more suitable grammar activities, materials for students Besides that students have chance to find better strategies and learning methods to get over the difficulties and improve their English grammar For researcher, it provides the theoretical background of Grammar, difficulties in learning grammar for the following researches 4.3 Suggestions for the further study In spite of all the efforts the researcher has made and the advices and assistance i has received, my study cannot avoid some shortcoming Firstly, investigation is only limited at 40 the second-year students of the Department of Information Technology at Hung Yen University of Technology and Education These collected results were not accurate for all the second-year students of the Department of Information Technology at Hung Yen University of Technology and Education Secondly, the factors and difficulties collected from survey questionnaires and observation could not cover all the difficulties affecting students’ English grammar Thirdly, because of the limitation of time for research and limited knowledge of the author, the present study unfortunately has certain inevitable shortcomings Hence, rigorous conclusion cannot be made through the findings of the study However, at least it is a pilot study at university and it has several implications that are possibly suitable for learning English grammar in our settings From mentioned above limitations, the study can be developed as follows: the study needs to be carried out with large sample because the sample size was too small to generalize an overall conclusion applying to all learners The present study need to be studied in different English learning context in university It is hoped that the results of this study will contribute to improve the learning in the field of grammar 26 REFERENCES Bembenutty, H (2009) Personality and Individual Differences C J Brumfit and K Johnson (Eds.) (1978) The communicative approach to language teaching Oxford University Press Canale, M and Swain, M (1980), Approaches to Communicative Competence, SEAMEO Regional Language Centre Chen (2003), Chinese College Student's Perceptions of Non-Native English Teachers Foreign Language Teaching and Research 34/3: 228-230 David Nunan (2003) Practical English Language Teaching McGraw-Hill Education David Nunan (2005) Practical English Language Teaching McGraw-Hill Education, 2003 Doff, A (1988) Teaching English: A training course for teachers Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Doff, A (2000) Teach English: A training course for teachers (14th ed.) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press H G Widdowson (1988) Context, Community, and Authentic Language University of London 10 Harmer Jeremy (1987) Teaching and Learning Grammar Longman 11 Harmer Jeremy (1988) The practice of English language teaching London; New York, N.Y : Longman 12 Harmer, J (1991), The practice of English language teaching London: Longman 13 Harmer, Jeremy (1983) The practice of English language teaching London; New York, N.Y : Longman 14 He Summer X & Chen, Amanda J.Y (2010), How to Improve Spoken English 15 Jack, C.Richard (2006) Communicative Language Teaching Today Cambridge University Press 16 Larsen- Freeman (1986:132) Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching Oxford University Press 27 17 Larsen-Freeman, D (2003) Teaching Language: From Grammar to Grammaring Boston, MA: Thompson-Heinle 18 Nguyen Thi Thanh Huyen & Khuat Thi Thu Nga (2003) Learning vocabulary through games Asian EFL Journal, 5(4) Retrieved February 13, 2006 19 Nunan, D (2003) Practical English Language Teaching New York: McGraw Hill 20 Nunan, David (1989) Designing Tasks for the Communicative Classroom Cambridge University Press 21 Nunan, David (1992) Research Methods in Language Learning Cambridge University Press 22 Richards, J C., Platt, J., and Platt, H (1992) Dictionary of language teaching & applied linguistics London: Longman 23 Richards, J.C and Rodgers, T (1986), Approaches and methods in Language Teaching: A Description and Analysis, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 24 Sridhar (1981) Error Analysis London: Longman 25 Swan, M (2012) Why Teach Grammar? Oxford University Press ELT 26 Thornbury, Scott (1999) How to teach grammar Essex: Pearson Education 27 Ur, P (1988) Grammar Practice Activities Cambridge University Press 28 Ur, P (1996) A Course in Language Teaching Cambridge University Press I APPENDIX 1: SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE FOR STUDENTS Hello! My full name is Trinh Hai Dang, I am from class TAK15.1, Faculty of Foreign Language at Hung Yen University Technology and Education This survey questionnaire is designed for my study entitled “A study on difficulties and solutions to improve English grammar for the second-year students of the Department of Information Technology at Hung Yen University of Technology and Education” Your support in completing this survey will be appreciated Please select the answer by circling the first letter of each sentence and tick the checklist items or express your ideas in the blanks All the information provided by you is for learning purposes only and you can be confident that your identity will not be disclosed in any discussion of data Your answer will help me a lot in the research process Thank you for your cooperation! Please tick ( ) for each response that you choose I General information Your gender: ❑ Male ❑ Female Your age: ………………………………… How long have you been learning English? …………………………… II The survey questionnaire Part 1: Students' attitudes towards English grammar How important is English grammar to you? a Very important b Important c Unimportant How often you have difficulties in learning English grammar? ❑ Always ❑ Usually ❑ Rarely ❑ Never ❑ Sometime Which partners you learn in English grammar? a Individua b Pair work c Small group work d Whole class II Part 2: Students' difficulties in learning English grammar In the classroom, what make you difficult to grammar in English? You can choose more than one choice a Lack of understanding of grammatical pattern b Teaching methods c Class size d Students lack background knowledge e Lack of vocabulary f.Other How much time you spend on learning English grammar at home every day? ❑ More than two hours ❑ An hour – two hours ❑ Less than an hour ❑ Never Below is a list of difficulties factors relating to English grammar To what extent you agree or disagree with each factor - (1) Strongly disagree (SD) - (2) Disagree (D) - (4) Agree (A) - (3) Neutral (N) - (5) Strongly agree (SA) Content SD D N A SA Lack of vocabulary Lack of understanding of grammatical pattern Too dependent on Vietnamese Students are lazy Teaching methods Class size Other Part 3: Students’ suggested solutions of learning English grammar Below is a list of solutions students may have English grammar To what extent you agree or disagree with each factor - (1) Strongly disagree (SD) - (2) Disagree (D) - (3) Neutral (N) III - (4) Agree (A) - (5) Strongly agree (SA) Content SD D N A SA Read a wide variety of documents Learn grammar through mistakes Learn English grammar websites online Self- studying and to homework Exchanging with the teachers and students about things you have not understood Other In your opinion, what is the best way to improve your English grammar? You can choose more than one choice a Exchanging with the teachers and students b Fostering grammar knowledge c Fostering vocabulary knowledge d Learn English grammar websites online e Learn grammar through mistakes f Read a wide variety of documents g Self- studying and to homework h Other Thank you for your kind cooperation! IV APPENDIX 2: INTERVIEW QUESTIONS FOR STUDENT How often you practice English grammar How would you rate your leaning English grammar? What are your difficulties in learning English grammar? What you often to improve your English grammar? What are the solutions you often use? Thank you for your kind cooperation!