Trang 1 HUNG YEN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES --- GRADUATION PAPER FIELD: ENGLISH LINGUISTICS A STUDY ON METHODS TO ENHANCE MOTIVATION IN SELF-LEA
Rationale
Students are increasingly drawn to self-study learning activities, yet there exists a significant gap between theoretical support and their motivation to engage in these activities This gap highlights notable differences in student motivation towards autonomous learning Positive interactions with teachers may play a crucial role in bridging this divide and addressing the varying levels of student motivation Creating supportive and engaging instructor-led sessions is essential for enhancing student motivation for independent learning Teachers are pivotal in guiding students through their learning journeys, and understanding effective techniques to motivate students can lead to greater acceptance and utilization of self-study practices.
Most research in English language learning has concentrated on teaching effectiveness, while insufficient attention has been given to understanding what drives learners to become self-determined in managing their own education Additionally, there is a lack of exploration into the factors that distinguish successful self-access users from those who are less successful.
In education, there is a consensus that effective self-learning techniques significantly enhance the acquisition of a second language, leading to improved outcomes in student learning.
Students majoring in English at UTEHY are struggling to demonstrate significant progress in their language skills, primarily due to their limited abilities This issue arises from their ineffective use of self-learning techniques, leading to poor memorization practices that rely heavily on rote repetition of the teacher's instruction Consequently, this hampers their ability to build on prior knowledge and stifles creativity, ultimately hindering the development of effective self-learning strategies.
The lack of motivation among students significantly impacts their engagement with the English subject, as professors often struggle to connect the material to students' interests Many students believe that their education solely depends on the lyceum, neglecting the importance of self-learning techniques for their personal and academic growth.
This article explores the self-learning techniques that significantly aid first-year English language majors at UTEHY in mastering the English language.
Aims of the study
This study aims to investigate how self-learning motivational techniques influence students' attitudes toward self-access study.
In a word, I conduct my study specifically on 3 issues:
1 To analyze the situation of using the techniques in self-learning for English language major students of UTEHY, then investigate how the students acquire the techniques of self-learning
2 To find out the difficulties (advantages and disadvantages) of using self-learning techniques
3 To give the meaning of self-learning, give some self-study suggestions for English language major students at UTEHY
My goal is to demonstrate to students the immense potential they have to learn English I possess the expertise required for this research and have received authorization from the educational institution to proceed, which has provided all necessary permits This study aims to benefit English language major students at UTEHY I will be exploring the following questions:
Research Questions
1) What is the situation of using self-learning motivation techniques and the students’ acquisition of these self-learning techniques at Faculty of Foreign Languages of
Hung Yen University of Technology and Education?
2) What are the advantages and disadvantages of using these self-learning motivation techniques?
3) What are the implication of self-learning motivation in improving learning English language at Faculty of Foreign Languages of Hung Yen University of Technology and Education?
Scope of the Study
This study investigates self-learning motivation activities among 70 first-year English language major students at UTEHY, aiming to foster self-directed learning and student inquiries The research developed targeted questions to guide the analysis, ultimately evaluating the effectiveness of various motivational techniques in the classroom The findings contribute to enhancing learning and teaching standards, providing valuable insights for educational improvement.
Methodology
This study was conducted out by using both qualitative and quantitative methods
Quantitative methods utilize questionnaires to gather data, and this study will employ a survey questionnaire targeting 70 first-year English language major students at UTEHY The aim is to collect objective and accurate information relevant to the subject of the research.
In a qualitative research study, three interview questions were utilized to gather insights from three students in class TAK18.2 Their responses provided a deeper understanding of each individual's perspectives and feelings regarding self-study.
Design of the study
Chapter I, Introduction: emphasize the study's key goals This chapter will clarify the rationale, aims, scope, methods and structure of the study
Chapter II delves into the literature review on self-learning, offering clear definitions and exploring the theoretical framework of Self-Learning Motivation (SLM) It examines both domestic and global studies to highlight various motivational factors that influence English language acquisition This section underscores the significance of self-learning as a crucial element in fostering effective and independent learning strategies.
Chapter III, Methodology, outlines the research procedures, including the use of survey questionnaires for students, methods for data analysis, and the data collection instrument It also details the data collection procedures employed in the study.
Chapter IV presents the study's results, highlighting key findings derived from data collection It discusses significant aspects by analyzing the survey questionnaires completed by participants during the survey period, providing insights into their responses.
Chapter V, The conclusion: is the summary of the whole study The limitations of the study and suggestions for further study are also recommended in this part.
5
Definition of self-learning
Self-learning, as defined by Malcolm Knowles, is an initiative-driven process where individuals assess their own learning needs, set goals, identify resources, and evaluate outcomes, with or without external support.
Self-learning is the process of acquiring knowledge independently, where individuals take initiative to gather, process, and retain information without external assistance It emphasizes personal responsibility in the learning journey, allowing learners to develop skills and knowledge autonomously.
Modern self-directed learning empowers individuals to acquire relevant skills and knowledge for their daily lives Rather than replacing traditional instructional methods, it serves as an additional key to unlock knowledge for anyone eager to learn.
Self-learning, often referred to as autonomous learning, involves individuals actively seeking information and engaging in practical experiments This process emphasizes personal initiative and reflection, akin to how a car operates independently By focusing on self-directed exploration, learners can effectively enhance their knowledge and skills.
A self-taught individual is one who engages in self-learning, a trait inherent not only in humans but also in mammals and other animals This form of learning often manifests during play, which serves as a crucial mechanism for acquiring new skills or enhancing existing ones.
In the daily school environment, it is essential to educate students with strong values and the latest scientific advancements Supporting their ability to manage their strengths with confidence and independence is crucial Independent work plays a vital role in fostering students' cognitive development, enabling them to engage in logical and psychological organization effectively.
The definition emphasizes the significance of establishing the objectives of independent work, integrating professionals in training into cognitive activities, and fostering the cognitive independence of students during their educational journey.
To succeed in self-learning, it's essential to clearly define your objectives and goals from the outset As an independent learner, having a focused mindset is crucial for effective intentional learning Begin your self-education journey by establishing specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART) objectives Outline the topics you need to explore, ensuring you gather pertinent information efficiently and avoid wasting time.
To ensure accurate and verified information, it is essential to find a reliable source when researching topics online, as the internet offers countless materials Prioritize sources with established credibility to enhance the quality of your content.
Embrace your curiosity, as it drives you to explore and discover valuable insights that enhance your self-learning journey According to various medical journals, curiosity not only adds excitement to life but also contributes to increased productivity.
To achieve your learning goals, it's essential to cultivate genuine interest in the subject matter rather than viewing self-learning as a mere obligation Disinterest can hinder your progress, so find motivation early in the process Focus on topics that truly engage you, ensuring you have a compelling reason to study, which will enhance your learning experience and lead to greater success.
An Overview of Self-Learning Motivation in Viet Nam
Self-study has historically been unpopular in Vietnam, with many students struggling to find ways to make it enjoyable Most learners rely heavily on traditional, one-way lectures from their instructors, and assessments are often rigidly focused on rote memorization, adhering to the principle of "learn and test."
Many high school students lack the focus on developing essential habits, self-awareness, and self-study skills As they transition to higher education, this gap can lead to confusion and a struggle to adapt Active learners may find themselves searching for effective strategies, while passive learners often face ineffective study methods, hindering their academic success.
Vietnam's educational philosophy has evolved from traditional methods to modern practices, significantly influenced by Ho Chi Minh's vision His educational principles continue to shape Vietnam's approach to education, as the Party and State actively research and implement these ideas in formulating guidelines, policies, and laws This ongoing integration ensures that Ho Chi Minh's revolutionary thoughts remain relevant in the context of Vietnam's national renewal.
Uncle Ho, a prominent figure in Vietnam, exemplifies the importance of self-learning and lifelong education President Ho Chi Minh emphasized that education should not create passive learners; instead, it should foster critical thinking and self-learning abilities He believed that self-study should be at the core of the educational process, supported by appropriate guidance and instruction.
In recent years, particularly during the challenging times of the COVID-19 pandemic, self-learning has gained significant popularity as many educational institutions temporarily closed their doors to ensure student safety This shift has led to an increased emphasis on independent study, highlighting the growing trend of self-directed education.
Importance of self-learning
Self-learning is essential for grasping fundamental learning concepts, emphasizing that ultimately, individuals must take charge of their own education As one delves deeper into self-directed learning, they uncover new perspectives that may have been overlooked in conventional educational settings, leading to exciting opportunities for growth and exploration.
Pursuing your goals independently fosters essential confidence to navigate life's challenges Self-learning empowers you to establish a solid foundation for personal growth and resilience.
Building resilience and self-reliance equips you for a future where achieving your goals may require independent effort The strength and immunity developed during this journey are essential tools that will propel you forward in life.
Learning is flexible and personalized, allowing individuals to choose their own hours and pace This approach eliminates frustration and boredom, creating a more enjoyable and effective educational experience.
Learning is without any restrictions Self-learning is not subjected to location- constraint as an individual can make use of the learning process from anywhere he pleases
He does not need to travel at a particular place at a specific time and this works in his favor
Learning independently enhances a person's self-esteem, as they take pride in mastering new knowledge on their own This process encourages continuous exploration, driving them to uncover every detail about the subject matter.
Traditional learning requires adherence to specific rules, textbooks, and study methods, while self-learning offers the freedom to select your preferred learning style.
In self-directed learning, you must actively seek and verify your study materials, unlike traditional methods where resources are pre-verified Collaborating with others fosters brainstorming opportunities that enhance understanding, which is often lacking in solitary study Additionally, teamwork promotes open communication, enriching the learning experience beyond what self-learning can offer.
There is no face-to-face interaction during self-learning The lack of transformational power is a serious limitation of self-learning
Many students enhance their classroom education through home study, but self-learning also offers the opportunity to acquire new skills or concepts, such as learning a language or playing an instrument The advantages of self-learning are limitless and depend entirely on the goals set by you and your child.
Implementing various self-learning methods at home can yield significant educational benefits, enhancing both academic performance and personal growth Whether you choose to engage in these techniques independently or with a partner, they can foster a deeper understanding of subjects and improve critical thinking skills.
Learning English can be engaging and enjoyable by utilizing various resources such as educational videos, music, movies, entertainment programs, and magazines These methods provide a dynamic alternative to traditional learning, making the process more interesting and effective.
This chapter thoroughly explores the key issues and terminology associated with self-learning research, addressing broader concepts to effectively tackle more specific and detailed challenges.
Difficulties of self-learning
In self-directed learning, you must actively seek and verify your own study materials, unlike traditional methods where resources are pre-verified Collaborating with others fosters brainstorming opportunities that enhance understanding, which is often lacking in solitary study Additionally, teamwork promotes open communication, a crucial element that is typically absent in self-learning environments.
There is no face-to-face interaction during self-learning The lack of transformational power is a serious limitation of self-learning
Suggestions for self-learning
Many students enhance their classroom education through home study, but self-learning also offers a valuable opportunity to acquire new skills or concepts, such as learning a language or playing an instrument The advantages of self-learning are limitless and depend entirely on the goals set by you and your child.
Implementing various self-learning methods at home can yield significant educational benefits, enhancing both academic performance and personal growth Whether you choose to tackle these self-learning tips alone or with others, they can foster a deeper understanding of subjects and improve critical thinking skills.
Learning can be more engaging than traditional methods by utilizing educational videos, listening to music, watching movies, and enjoying entertainment programs in English, or reading English magazines.
Summary
This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the key issues and terminology associated with self-learning research, addressing broader concepts to effectively tackle more specific and detailed challenges.
The participants
A survey questionnaire was distributed to 70 first-year English language major students at UTEHY, who were instructed to provide their responses honestly and objectively in order to gather data for the study.
A study involving 46 students from class TAK18.2 and 24 students from class TAK18.1 revealed that, despite having at least seven years of English learning experience, these students struggle to find engaging and effective self-learning methods.
Methodology
The researcher employed a mixed-methods approach, utilizing both quantitative and qualitative techniques, including survey questionnaires and interview questions directed at students The survey comprised nine questions, while the interviews featured three questions, all tailored to align with the study's primary objectives Following data collection, the author plans to present and analyze the findings using tables to enhance clarity and understanding.
The questionnaire method is a highly effective tool for data collection, offering several advantages It simplifies the interpretation of survey results, as respondents can complete the questionnaire quickly Additionally, the objective nature of the answers facilitates easier analysis and discussion for researchers.
Data Collection Procedure
Due to the challenges posed by COVID-19, the survey study was conducted using an online survey program In May 2021, data was collected from 70 first-year English language major students at UTEHY To gather this data, the researcher contacted the chairpersons of the English Department to explain the research's purpose and obtain the necessary permission.
Designing Instruments
To create effective questionnaires for students, similar statements are adapted in language to resonate with the respondents The researcher structures the questions to ensure that participants feel at ease when providing their feedback These statements primarily focus on the respondents' positive and negative attitudes toward self-learning motivation techniques and their impact on enhancing English language skills in the classroom Participants are required to select and mark the most suitable option for each statement.
I also use own data while observing some classes to assess the use of self-learning motivation at home and on class of those students.
The survey questionnaire
The survey questionnaire consists of five main parts:
- Part 1: General information and how long the students have learned English
- Part 2: Students’ attitudes towards self-learning (including 3 questions)
- Part 3: The advantages of self-learning (including 1 question)
- Part 4: The difficulties and disadvantages of the first year English major students when using self-learning (including 3 questions)
- Part 5: The effect of self-learning (including 2 questions)
Interviews are one of the most commonly used qualitative data collection method
With this instrument, researchers can investigate participants’ perceptions or attitudes The interview was conducted between the researcher and three students of class TAK18.2 in
My Hao campus Hung Yen Universty of Technology and Education These questions are intended to best exploit the student's perspectives on the issue of self-learning
Data analysis
4.1.1: Data from the survey questionnaire
In this study, 70 first-year English major students from UTEHY participated, comprising 64 females and 6 males Their English learning experience ranged from 6 to 15 years, and they completed the survey cooperatively and honestly.
Q1 How do you feel about self-learning?
Table 1: The importance of self-learning
A recent survey reveals that a significant majority of students (78.5%) consider self-learning in the English language to be important Additionally, around 14.3% view self-learning as normal, while only a small fraction (4.3%) regard English as average Furthermore, just 2.9% of students believe that English is not very important Overall, these findings indicate that most students recognize the critical importance of learning English.
Q2 How often do you spend for self -learning out of school?
Table 2 Student’s frequency of self-learning
Table 2 reveals three primary frequencies of self-learning among students Notably, 42.9% of respondents engage in self-learning daily, while 20% dedicate time to it more than five times a week Additionally, 17.1% of students participate in self-learning two to three times a week However, a concerning 9% of students do not engage in self-learning outside of school, and 12% provided alternative responses regarding their self-learning habits.
To sum up, the table 2 shows that students spend most of time self-learning, perhaps they already realize the importance of self-learning
Q 3: Which of the followin g period of t ime do you spend for e very self - learn ing ?
Table 3 Time consuming for self-learning
Table 3 reveals that the majority of students, accounting for 57.2%, dedicate less than 30 minutes to self-learning outside of school Additionally, 21.4% of students, or 15 individuals, spend approximately 1 hour on self-study In contrast, only 8 students, representing 11.4%, engage in self-learning for 2 hours, indicating that longer study periods are less common among students.
Total 70 100 of respondent spend this amount of time for self-learning There are also fewer students spend maximum 15 minutes in self-learning make up 10%
Table 3 indicates that the optimal duration for self-study is 30 minutes or less, as longer sessions may lead to student boredom Various factors contribute to this preference, with most students feeling that a self-study period of under 30 minutes is sufficient for effective learning.
Q4 What are advantages of self-learning? (more than one option)
Advantages of self-learning Students
You can choose your own pace, materials, methods, everything is up to you
You are less stressed out about failing in front of another person
You don’t pay the teacher 3 4,3
Is neither location constrained nor time-bound, and all that is needed is access to a computer and a reliable internet connection to engage in self-learning
The ability to participate from any location and at any time makes it highly advantageous for individuals with time or location constraints.
You can do it at any time 7 10
You get better at doing it 3 4,3
Table 4: The advantages of self-learning
Table 4 highlights the key advantages of self-learning, revealing that the primary benefits for students are significant, with the first advantage cited by an average of 35.7% of respondents and the second advantage by 24.3% Additionally, 10% of respondents identified the eighth and fourth advantages, while the sixth advantage was noted by 7.1% of participants.
Self-learning empowers students to select their own pace, materials, and study methods, significantly reducing the stress associated with traditional classroom settings This flexible approach allows learners to engage with the material at their convenience, fostering a more personalized educational experience Ultimately, students who embrace self-learning demonstrate improved understanding and skills over time.
Q5 What are some disadvantages of self-learning? (more than one option)
No self-discipline (The 1 st ) 29 41,5
No face-to-face interaction (The 2 nd ) 16 22,9
Lack of flexibility (The 3 rd ) 15 21,5
Lack of input from trainers (The 4 th ) 4 5,8
Good e-learning is difficult to do (The 6 th ) 3 4,4
Lack of transformational power (The 7 th ) 2 2,4
Table 5: The disadvantages of self-learning
Table 5 highlights the disadvantages of self-learning, identifying three primary challenges: lack of self-discipline, limited face-to-face interaction, and insufficient flexibility Notably, lack of self-discipline is the most significant issue, affecting 41.5% of respondents, while limited face-to-face interaction impacts 22.9% Additionally, the lack of flexibility is a concern for 21.5% of those surveyed Other factors, such as insufficient input from trainers, slow evolution, challenges in creating effective e-learning, and lack of transformational power, represent smaller percentages at 5.8%, 1.5%, 4.4%, and 2.4%, respectively.
English major students often face challenges with self-learning outside of school, highlighting the importance of self-awareness for effective study.
Q6 Do you find it difficult to self-learn?
Find it difficult to self-learn
Table 6: Difficult in self-learning
Table 6 reveals that a significant number of students struggle with self-learning, with 34.2% consistently finding it challenging Additionally, 55.7% of respondents report that they usually encounter difficulties in self-learning, indicating that despite dedicating considerable time to it, many students face obstacles Furthermore, 7.1% of respondents often find self-learning difficult, while only two students occasionally or rarely experience such challenges.
Self-directed learning can be challenging for individuals accustomed to traditional learning methods While it's not always necessary to have guidance from an experienced self-learner, such support can be beneficial in navigating the complexities of this learning approach.
Q7 Which of the follo win g items ma ke you d istract from se lf -le arning?
Mass media; mobile phone, computer, TV.( 1 st ) 41 58,6
Surroundings influence: noise, temperature, insects (2 nd) 15 21,4 Your own daily emotion: being sad, being happy (3 rd) 7 10 Unfamiliar routine: sitting long time at one place, just look, read, watch (4 th) 4 5,7
Tiredness, poor health condition (5 th) 1 1,5
Without private room at home (6 th) 2 2,8
Table 7: The items make the students distract from self-learning
Students face significant distractions, primarily from mass media, which affects 58.6% of respondents Surrounding influences, including noise and temperature, account for 21.4% of distractions Emotional states, such as sadness or happiness, contribute to 10% of the distractions reported Additionally, unfamiliar routines, like sitting alone for extended periods, impact 5.7% of students Only 2.8% struggle with the lack of a private room at home, while 1.5% cite tiredness and poor health as distractions.
Distractions are a common challenge for everyone, manifesting through devices like phones and computers, social interactions, or even our own thoughts In college, these distractions can be even more prevalent than in high school due to the multitude of new opportunities and experiences that arise.
Q8 Which steps make self-learning effective to you? (Rank from 1-7, from the most to the least important)
Be curious and serious 21 30% (The 2 nd )
Setting learning goals 24 34,5% (The 1 st )
Assess your learning resources 9 12,4% (The 3 rd )
Engage in learning process 3 4,4% (The 6 th )
Apply what you learn 5 7,2% (The 5 th )
Collaborate with other learners 7 10% ( The 4 th )
Share your knowledge 1 1,5% ( The 7 th )
Table 8: Steps make self-learning effective to students
According to Table 8, effective self-learning for students begins with setting study goals, which accounts for 34.5% of the options with 24 choices The second step emphasizes the importance of curiosity and seriousness, representing 30% with 21 options Assessing learning resources is the third step, comprising 12.4% with 9 options Collaboration with other learners follows, making up 10% with 7 options The fifth step focuses on applying what you learn, contributing 7.2% with 5 options Engaging in the learning process is the sixth step, reaching 4.4% with 3 options, while sharing knowledge accounts for only 1.5% with just 1 option.
Discussion and recommendations
Students displayed a cooperative attitude in aiding researchers with the completion of the survey questionnaire, resulting in accurate and objective data The study's issues are highlighted through several key points.
At the Faculty of Foreign Languages at Hung Yen University of Technology and Education, first-year English major students demonstrate a positive attitude towards self-learning, recognizing its significance and benefits While they dedicate considerable time to self-study, their outcomes have not met expectations This shortfall is primarily attributed to a lack of seriousness in their approach and the absence of clear, detailed goals for their self-learning efforts.
► The difficulty (advantages and disadvantages) of using self-learning techniques:
Self-learning offers numerous advantages over traditional classroom learning, which may explain why many students prefer it The conventional learning approach can often feel monotonous, leading to a growing trend of students opting for online resources and educational videos on platforms like YouTube to enhance their learning experience.
* Besides the advantages, there are also disadvantages that need to be reviewed and found appropriate solutions to make self-study more effective will be shown in the next section
Self-study solutions and suggestions for English language major students at UTEHY reveal that many students prefer the methods identified in a recent questionnaire survey These approaches represent fundamental and effective strategies that enhance self-learning skills, demonstrating their applicability not only to the respondents but also to other students seeking to improve their language proficiency.
Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are proposed:
1 Teachers should create conditions for students in self-learning in class by letting students prepare their own lessons and make presentations, then teachers will comment, self-study in groups or individually
2 Students should give a clear plans and goals, offer specific self-study methods
3 Students need to have perseverance and patience
4 Train yourself to be disciplined when studying in class as well as in self-study When you study, devote your whole mind, focus, and do not get distracted
5 Choosing the right learning method It is recommended to choose highly interesting learning methods such as self-learning English on Youtube, watching movies in English, listening to English music, reading magazines, stories or novel in English
6 Selecting the trusted and well-known learning resources.
Summary of the study
A recent study reveals that while a significant number of students express a strong interest in self-study, several limitations persist that require future improvements The findings indicate notable variations in percentages and means across different variables, highlighting the need for tailored strategies to enhance self-study engagement among students.
The researcher identified various effective strategies to enhance self-learning in classrooms These strategies can capture students' attention, activate their prior knowledge, and foster positive relationships while motivating them to engage more deeply in their learning process.
When self-learning tasks are too challenging for students, they may lose interest in the activity Starting with simpler tasks allows students to successfully complete them, boosting their confidence and encouraging participation in more complex activities later on.
The research question examines the effectiveness of self-learning motivation techniques and their impact on students' acquisition of these techniques at the Faculty of Foreign Languages, Hung Yen University of Technology and Education Findings indicate that students at FFL, UTEHY frequently invest limited time in developing self-learning skills, highlighting a need for enhanced strategies to foster motivation and engagement in self-directed learning.
Many individuals dedicate just 30 minutes to self-learning at home, typically three times a week However, this limited timeframe often proves insufficient for effective English language acquisition, resulting in minimal progress overall.
The second research question explores the advantages and disadvantages of self-learning motivation techniques, drawing insights from survey responses and the researcher’s perspective Advantages of self-learning include the ability to choose one's own pace, materials, and methods, leading to reduced stress from potential failure in front of others and eliminating the cost of hiring a teacher Additionally, self-learning is not constrained by location or time, requiring only a computer and reliable internet access However, disadvantages include a lack of self-discipline, absence of face-to-face interaction, limited flexibility, insufficient input from trainers, slow progress, challenges in creating effective e-learning experiences, and a lack of transformational impact.
The final research question explores the implications of self-learning motivation on enhancing English language proficiency at the Faculty of Foreign Languages at Hung Yen University of Technology and Education Self-learning is essential for improving the quality of English education among students To maximize the effectiveness of self-learning, several key steps are recommended: students should cultivate curiosity and seriousness, establish clear learning goals, evaluate their available resources, actively engage in the learning process, and apply their acquired knowledge.
Limitation of the Study
The study is limited in scope, focusing solely on 70 first-year English majors at Hung Yen University of Technology and Education, primarily due to time constraints and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic Consequently, the survey lacks impartiality and comprehensiveness.
Some students were uncooperative and declined to complete the survey questionnaire, claiming it was unrelated to their studies Additionally, many students were unfamiliar with the concept of "self-learning activities." The researcher endeavored to ensure the study was as objective and valid as possible.
In summary, while there are still some limitations, the author aims for this study to enhance self-learning skills in English among first-year English major students at UTEHY.
Suggestion for further study
This study has limitations regarding its presentations, indicating a need for future research to broaden the scope of topics explored Additionally, subsequent studies should focus on expanding the subject matter and invest more time and expertise to achieve more precise and comprehensive results.
1 Malcolm Knowles (1975) Self-Directed Learning: A Guide for Learners and
2 Bartram, B (2006) An examination of perceptions of parental influence on attitudes to language learning Educational Research
3 Bradford, A (2007) Motivational orientations in under-researched FLL contexts
4 Brown, R A (2004) Motivation for learning English among Japanese university students Information and Communication Studies
5 Cameron, L (2003) Teaching Languages to Young Learners Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press Fifth edition
1 https://medium.com/wondr-blog/self-learning-why-its-essential-for-us-in-the-21st- century
2 https://skilling-india.net/self-learning-definition-importance-and-advantages/
3 https://www.lifehack.org/853724/self-learning
4 https://www.oxfordlearning.com/best-methods-of-self-study-for-students/
5 http://www.australiaawardsvietnam.org/index.php/vi/14-news/3020-what-skills- are-vietnamese-students-missing
6 http://lyluanchinhtri.vn/home/en/index.php/cadre-training/item/378- vietnam%E2%80%99s-educational-philosophy-from-tradition-to-ho-chi-minh- era.html
7 https://www.turcomat.org/index.php/turkbilmat/article/download/5699/4768#:~:tex t=Ho%20Chi%20Minh%20said%20that%20students%20should%20not%20be%20 trained,must%20have%20self%2Dstudy%20instruction
The aim of the following questions is to identify effective strategies for boosting motivation among English major students at Hung Yen University of Technology and Education in their self-learning endeavors.
Your answers are just for research aim and any private information is kept confidential Thanks for your cooperation!
How long have you learned English?
Q1 How do you feel about self-learning?
Very important Important Normal Partly important Not important
Q2 How often do you spend for self -learning out of school?
Everyday More than 5 times a week 2-3 times a week
Q3 Which of the following period of time do you spend for every self-learning?
At least 2 hours Just in 1 hour Less than 30 minutes Maximum 15 minutes Others
Q4 What are advantages of self-learning? (more than one option)
You can choose your own pace, materials, methods, everything is up to you.
You are less stressed out about failing in front of another person.
You don’t pay the teacher.
Is neither location constrained nor time-bound, and all that is needed is access to a computer and a reliable internet connection to engage in self-learning
The ability to engage in activities from any location and at any time is incredibly beneficial for individuals facing constraints related to their schedule or geographical situation.
You can do it at any time.
You get better at doing it.
Q5 What are some disadvantages of self-learning? (more than one option)
No face-to-face interaction
Lack of input from trainers
Good e-learning is difficult to do
Q6 Do you find it difficult to self-learn?
Q7 Which of the following items make you distract from self -learning?
Mass media; mobile phone, computer, TV
Surroundings influence: noise, temperature, insects
Your own daily emotion: being sad, being happy
Unfamiliar routine: sitting long time at one place, just look, read, watch
Without private room at home
Q8 Which steps make self-learning effective to you? (rank from the highest to the lowest with number 1-7)
Q9 What type of self-learning do you want to try?
Stay at home alone to study by oneself
Change the place daily: home, café, library
Meet other friends to study together
Seek online support from teachers, friends
On-class self-learning under teachers’ coaching and orienting
No need to self – study any more